2/4/2016

Bicol University College of Engineering

Civil Engineering Department

Is a locus(path) of a point that moves in a plane so that its

distance(radius) from a given fixed point(center) is a
constant.

BY:

ENGR. JEFFERSON M. CIPRIANO, MET

Assistant Professor IV

Derivation: Sample Problem No.1

Determine the center & radius of the circle
In the figure shown, solve for the radius using distance x2+(y+4)2=20. Sketch the graph.
formula. Hence
Solution:
d2 = (x-x1)2+(y-y1)2 Reduce to standard equation:
(x-0)2+[y-(-4)2] = ( 20 )2
Let: x1=h; y1=k; d=r
h=0; k=-4; r= 20

(x-h)2+(y-k)2 = r2

Sample Problem No. 2

Find the equation of the circle with center at (3,-5) &
tangent to the line x-7y+2=0.

Figure:

1
 2/4/2016

3  35  2
Solution: r
50
Solve for the radius using distance from a point to a
line formula: 40
r
A=1; B=-7; C=2; x1=3; y1=-5 50
40 50
Ax 1  By1  C r
r 50
A 2  B2 r4 2
(1)(3)  (7)(5)  2 Substituting solved values,
r 2
2 2
1  (7) (x  3)2  [y  (5)]2   4 2 
(x  3)2  (y  5)2  32

x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0 From the results above we can derive:

Derivation: h= -½D
(x-h)2+(y-k)2 = r2 k= -½ E
(x2-2xh+h2) +(y2-2yk+k2) = r2 r2= ¼(D2+E2-4F)
x2+y2-2hx-2ky+h2+k2-r2=0 If
Let D= -2h r2>0 - a circle
E=-2k r2=0 - a point
F= h2+k2-r2 r2<0 - null set
Thus,
x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0

Sample Problem No. 1 Solving for the center:

Determine the center and the radius of the circle h = - ½D = (- ½)(2) = -1
x2+y2+2x-6y=6. Reduce to standard form. k = - ½ E = (- ½)(-6) = 3
r2 = ¼(D2+E2-4F) = ¼[(2)2+(-6)2-4(-6)] = 16; r = 4
Solution: Hence,
x2+y2+2x-6y=6 C(-1,3) & r = 4
x2+y2+2x-6y-6=0 The equation of the circle in standard form is:
From the given equation of the circle we can get:
D=2; E=-6; F=-6 (x+1)2+(y-3)2 = 16