Quantitative Research Methods – MACC – Assignment (1 & 2)

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

RESEARCH METHODS 2: QUANTITATIVE

(PHD 7011)

ASSIGNMENT 1 & 2

PREPARED FOR

ASST. PROF. DR. CHEE WEI MING

PREPARED BY

MOHD SHAHIDAN BIN ZAINUDDIN ZAINAL ABIDIN

202009060023

SUBMISSION DATE

30TH NOVEMBER 2020

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Quantitative Research Methods – MACC – Assignment (1 & 2)

Data Analysis and Findings Interpretation

Instruction: Please interpret ALL the SPSS outputs below as detail as possible.

Assignment 1:

(1) Demographic Information (20 marks)

Demographic Information (Gender)

In the gender frequency table, we could see the percentage analysis of the group
set. You could see, 51.7 percent of the sample is male and 48.3 percent of the sample
is female. It means, we use more males than females in this research.

Demographic Information (Education Level)

The education level of respondents for this analysis come from five education
background which is from High School, Diploma, Bachelor, Master and the highest level
is Ph.D. From the table, we can see that the highest respondent of this analysis is
having a Master which is contribute 25.8% out of the total number of respondent and
the amount is 39. Second highest education level of the respondent is high school and

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Quantitative Research Methods – MACC – Assignment (1 & 2)

contribute 33 out of total respondent 151 and overall percentage is 21.9%. The third
highest respondent is holding a Ph.D. and the amount is 30(19.9%). Followed by
Diploma level of education, the percentage is 17.2% and the lowest of respondent in
this research is having a Bachelor Degree which contribute only 15.2% (23/151).

(2) Correlation Analysis (10 marks)

From the table above, the correlation between Motivation and Income takes
value 0.528. This represents a moderate positive correlation. The correlation is given in
the table, along with a significance value and a sample size which in this case is 151.
This is the number of observations in which both Motivation and Income where
observed. We can test if this correlation is significantly different from zero which will
depend on (i) the magnitude of the correlation and (ii) the number of observations on
which the correlation is based. The p value (quoted under Sig. (2-tailed)) is .000
(reported as p < .001) which is less than 0.05. We therefore have significant evidence to
reject the null hypothesis that the correlation is 0. We would report the result as follows:
The variables Motivation and Income were significantly and moderately positively
correlated r = .528, N = 151, p < .001

The correlation between Experience and Income takes value .182. This
correlation is small but positive. The p value (quoted under Sig. (2-tailed)) is 0.025

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Quantitative Research Methods – MACC – Assignment (1 & 2)

(reported as p < .001) which is less than 0.05. We therefore have significant evidence to
reject the null hypothesis. We would report the result as follows: The variables
Experience and Income were significantly and slightly positively correlated r = 0.182, N
= 151, p < 0.05.

The correlation between Experience and Motivation takes value -.088. This
correlation is negative. The p value (quoted under Sig. (2-tailed)) is 0.281 (reported as p
< .001) which is more than 0.05. We accept the null hypothesis and would report the
result as follows: The variables Experience and Motivation were not significantly
correlated.

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Quantitative Research Methods – MACC – Assignment (1 & 2)

Assignment 2:

(3) Regression Analysis (30 marks)

The regression analysis using Motivation Level as the outcome variable and the
variables Events and Allowance as predictors. These measure the. We expect that
better Motivation Level would be associated with lower Events and a higher Allowance
given.

This table provides the R and R Square values. The R value represents the

simple correlation and is 0.669 (the "R" Column), which indicates a high degree of
correlation. The R Square value (the "R Square" column) indicates how much of the
total variation in the dependent variable, Motivation Level, can be explained by the
independent variable, Events and Allowance. In this case, 44.7% can be explained,
which is large.

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Quantitative Research Methods – MACC – Assignment (1 & 2)

The next table is the ANOVA table, which reports how well the regression
equation fits the data (i.e., predicts the dependent variable). This table indicates that the
regression model predicts the dependent variable significantly well. Look at the
"Regression" row and go to the "Sig." column. This indicates the statistical significance
of the regression model that was run. Here, p < 0.005, which is less than 0.05, and
indicates that, overall, the regression model statistically significantly predicts the
outcome variable. From this table show that Allowance and Events are significantly
useful in explaining Motivation Level.

The Coefficients table provides us with the necessary information to predict

Motivation Level from Allowance and Events, as well as determine whether income
contributes statistically significantly to the model (by looking at the "Sig." column).
Furthermore, we can use the values in the "B" column under the "Unstandardized
Coefficients" column. To present the regression equation as:

Motivation Level = 2 + 0.265(Allowance) + [– 0.202 (Events)]

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Quantitative Research Methods – MACC – Assignment (1 & 2)

With one-unit increase in Allowance, the Motivation Level increases by 0.265. The
coefficient is positive which would indicate that more Allowance are related to more
Motivation Level.

With one-unit increase in Events, the Motivation Level decreases by 0.202. The
coefficient is negative which would indicate that more events are related to lower
Motivation Level.