Army Field Manual I Warfighting Tactics - Part 1 The Fundamentals | 3-5

and other rapid stability activities, but this may not always be the case.39 Some CJIIM
elements may prefer to operate from a location separate to the military, requiring the
provision of LOs. It is likely that CJIIM elements will have bespoke authority, accountability
and command procedures. The differences may be acute, with serious implications for
decision making and operational tempo. Understanding these differences, including
where decisions can be informed and shaped, is key to collective effort. The following
table provides formation level examples of the range of potential CJIIM interfaces and
considerations.
CJIIM CJIIM element Interface Considerations
Combined „„ Allied „„ LOs in HQ „„ Allocation of appropriate missions
„„ Activities, subordinates and tasks commensurate with
operations and national caveats and capabilities.
organisations in Each coalition partner will have
which elements its own national caveats and risk
of two or more appetite. To ensure effectiveness,
allies participate, the commander and staff must
possibly within a understand these and how they
coalition affect the operating capabilities
of each force element and the
formation as a whole. In addition,
the commander must make the
superior coalition HQ aware of UK
caveats and restrictions
„„ Interoperability achieved through
training and exchange of information
„„ Common operating picture gained
through shared situational awareness
„„ Interoperability achieved through the
deployment of mechanisms to enable
access to key capabilities in allied
formations
„„ Measures to reduce risk of fratricide
(technical, procedural and physical)

„„ Other allied „„ Liaison back „„ Interoperability achieved through

elements within to front and training and exchange of information
the same left to right „„ Knowledge of each other’s
formation „„ Establish capabilities
coord points „„ Shared situational awareness

„„ Allied superior „„ LO in higher „„ Communication of national caveats

HQ HQ and an understanding of range of
capabilities
„„ Detailed understanding of
commander’s intent

39 See Chapter 6 for more detail.