Mechatronic Lab Manual

INDEX
S.N LIST OF EXPERIMENT DATE SIGNATURE

Study of various types of pneumatic symbols
1
used in mechatronics systems
Study and design of various pneumatic circuits
2
3
4
5
Logical design and sequencing of pneumatic
6
circuit with the help of pilot operated valve
ADGITM, NEW DELHI DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL & AUTOMATION ENGINEERING
Experiment No: 1
Study of various types of pneumatic symbols used in mechatronics systems
1.1 Objective 1.2 Theory 1.3 Procedure 1.4 Apparatus required 1.5 pneumatic symbols diagram.
1.6 Pre-Requisite 1.7 Post Requisite:
1.1 OBJECTIVE: To study of various types of pneumatic symbols using AUTO CAD V-2010.
1.2 THEORY:
Elements of Mechatronics: Hydraulics & Pneumatics:
The synergistic combination of mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering is known as
mechatronics.
Mechatronics is algorithms and computer hardware and software to manage complexity, uncertainty,
and communication in engineered systems is the synergistic integration of sensors, actuators, signal
conditioning, power electronics, decision and control & Pneumatics.
The following components of pneumatics are used hence their understanding is absolute necessary.
The symbols are drawn in software so that they can be used in mechatronics systems.
Pneumatic symbols:-
Compressors & motors
Compressors
Pneumatic pressure source
Continued exchange
Flow lines & connections:-
Pneumatic Pressure source
Exhaust
Direct Exhaust
Horizontal jumper
Plug Couples
Silencer
Accumulators
EXP No (1) (ETME- 453) Page 1 of 4

Gas loaded accumulator

Gas loaded accumulator with separator
General accumulator.
Actuators:
Single acting cylinder (retraction)
Single acting cylinder (extension)
Double acting cylinder
Vacuum cylinder
Direction valves
3/2 way nc manual
Buttons with spring return:
3/2 valve nc
3/2 valve no
5/2 valve:-
5/2 valve nc
5/2 valve no
Flow controls
Throttle valves
Check valves
Compressors with shaft connection
Compressor with right shaft
Compressor with right/left shaft
Thermal motor

1.3 PROCEDURE:
Step 1: To open Software AUTOCAD V2010.
Step 2: Open the draw Command menu.
Step 3: Use Circle command and line command to draw various pneumatic symbols given in
Theory section.
Step 4: Save the diagrams in a file with your name & roll no in my documents.
Step 5: Take printout of the drawn sketches.
1.4 APPARATUS REQUIRED:
S.No. Name of Apparatus Range/Rating Quantity

1 Desktop (PC) with accessories Compatible to run 1
AUTOCAD V2010 with
sufficient RAM
1.5 PNEUMATIC SYMBOLS DIAGRAM:

Fig.1
1.6 PRE-REQUISITE:
Q.1 What do you understand by mechatronics.
Q.2 How is mechatronics use to us
1.7 POST REQUISITE:
Q.1 What are the systems involve in mechatronics.
Q.2 Hoe pneumatic is useful to us.
Q.3 What are the difference between hydraulics and pneumatics.

Experiment No: 2
Study and design of various pneumatic circuits used in mechatronics systems
1.1 Objective 1.2 Theory 1.3 Procedure 1.4 Apparatus required 1.6 Procedure 1.5 Description
1.6 Precautions 1.7 Pre-requisite 1.8 Post requisite
1.1 OBJECTIVE: To operate a single acting cylinder using a 3/2 push button spring return type .
1.2 THOERY:
Actuators are output devices which convert energy from pressurized hydraulic oil or compressed air into the
required type of action or motion. In general, hydraulic or pneumatic systems are used for gripping and/or
moving operations in industry. These operations are carried out by using actuators.
Actuators can be classified into three types.
1. Linear actuators: These devices convert hydraulic/pneumatic energy into linear motion.
2. Rotary actuators: These devices convert hydraulic/pneumatic energy into rotary motion.
3. Actuators to operate flow control valves: these are used to control the flow and pressure of
fluids such as gases, steam or liquid.
The construction of hydraulic and pneumatic linear actuators is similar. However they differ at
their operating pressure ranges. Typical pressure of hydraulic cylinders is about 100 bar and of
pneumatic system is around 10 bar.
Single acting cylinder

These cylinders produce work in one direction of motion hence they are named as single acting
cylinders. The compressed air pushes the piston located in the cylindrical barrel causing the
desired motion. The return stroke takes place by the action of a spring. Generally the spring is
provided on the rod side of the cylinder.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS:
Fig.1

Fig. 2
1.3 PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Adjust the pressure regulator on air supply to 2 atm pressure.
Step 2: Locate pressure inlet port (p) by connecting a pipe between the valve & air supply &1 of the
valve junction. Open the valve to which the pipe is being connected & check whether air goes
out from either of 2 connections for 2 other ports.
a) Repeat the operation for 2 other parts.
b) The block port is pressure inlet.
c) After connecting the pressure inlet to valve, pressure inlet to port, operate the valve by
pressing knob & located the port from which goes out.

Step 3:
a) Make sure that the valve is connected to air pressure.
b) Connect the port from which the air goes out to cylinder inlet function.
Step 4:
a) Pressure valve V & verify that the piston Moves out.
b) Release the pressure on valve V & verify that the piston returns.
1 Mechatronics Kit Press: 5 bar & 1l Liquid 1
Cylinder & Push button Capacity
1.5 DESCRIPTION: Press is operated by single acting cylinder with spring return valve. The
cylinder is operated by the 3/2 manually operated spring return valve.
1.6 PRECAUTIONS:
Ensure that the valve in the air supply is closed & that there is no pressure in the pipes. Also the
pressure line disconnected before connecting the pipe to the comments.
Industrial Application:-
Pressure is operated by a single acting cylinder with spring return. The cylinder is operated by the 3/2
manual spring return valve.
1.7 PRE-REQUISITE:
Q.1 How fluid power is more than pneumatic power.
Q.2 How cylinder are classified.
Q.3 What is a cylinder.
1.8 POST REQUISITE:

Q.1 How we run a pneumatic circuit.
Q.2 Single acting cylinder are useful are not.


Experiment No: 3
1.1 Objective 1.2 Theory 1.3 Procedure 1.4 Apparatus required 1.5 Description 1.6 Precaution.
1.7 Pre-requisite 1.8 Post requisite
1.1 OBJECTIVE: To operate a double acting cylinder using two 3/2 push button valve in series.
1.2 THEORY:
Double acting cylinder:
The main parts of a hydraulic double acting cylinder are: piston, piston rod, cylinder tube, and end
caps. The piston rod is connected to piston head and the other end extends out of the cylinder. The
piston divides the cylinder into two chambers namely the rod end side and piston end side. The
seals prevent the leakage of oil between these two chambers. The cylindrical tube is fitted with
end caps. The pressurized oil, air enters the cylinder chamber through the ports provided. In the
rod end cover plate, a wiper seal is provided to prevent the leakage of oil and entry of the
contaminants into the cylinder. The combination of wiper seal, bearing and sealing ring is called as
cartridge assembly. The end caps may be attached to the tube by threaded connection, welded
connection or tie rod connection. The piston seal prevents metal to metal contact and wear of
piston head and the tube. These seals are replaceable. End cushioning is also provided to prevent
the impact with end caps.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS:
Fig.1
1.3 PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Adjust the pressure regulator on supply to an atmosphere.
a) Locate in valves V1 & V6 separately, the pressure inlet pressure outlet & vent.
b) Connect 1 of the air supply outlet to pressure inlet to valve V1,Connect pressure inlet of
valve V6.

c) Connect the pressure outlet of valve V6 TO INLET OF CYLINDER a.

d)
1) Press valve V1 only.
2) Press valve V6 only.
3) Press valve V1& V6 simultaneously.
4) Release valve V6 only.

1 Mechatronics Kit Press: 5 bar & 1l Liquid 1
Cylinder & Push button Capacity
1.5 DESCRIPTION: The control circuit is activated by 2 valves connected in series which from a
safety setup necessitation to operate the press. In order to operate the cylinder V 1 & V6 valves should
be used simultaneously.
1.6 PRECAUTIONS: The customer safety layout requires use of both hands on time principle. Hence
the push button must be within short & fixed timing.
1.7 PRE-REQUISITE:
Q.1 What is cylinder sequencing.
Q.2 What is output of cylinder sequencing.
1.8 POST REQUISITE:

Q.1 How sequencing is done.
Q.2 What is the advantage is cylinder sequencing.
Q.3 What are the component that are used in 2/3 push button valve.

Experiment No: 4
1.1 Objective 1.2 Theory 1.3 Procedure 1.4 Apparatus required 1.5 Description 1.6 Precaution. 1.7
Pre-requisite 1.8 Post requisite
1.1 OBJECTIVE:- To operate a double acting cylinder using two 3/2 valve in parallel connection.
1.2THEORY:
Double acting cylinders generally contain cylinder cushions at the end of the cylinder to slow down
the movement of the piston near the end of the stroke. Cushioning arrangement avoids the damage due
to the impact occurred when a fast moving piston is stopped by the end caps. Deceleration of the
piston starts when the tapered plunger enters the opening in the cap and closes the main fluid exit.
This restricts the exhaust flow from the barrel to the port. This throttling causes the initial speed
reduction. During the last portion of the stroke the oil has to exhaust through an adjustable opening
since main fluid exit closes. Thus the remaining fluid exists through the cushioning valve. Amount of
cushioning can be adjusted by means of cushion screw. A check valve is provided to achieve fast
break away from the end position during retraction motion. A bleed screw is built into the check valve
to remove the air bubbles present in a hydraulic type system.
The connection in parallel is done to ensure maximum output and individual control.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS:
1.3 PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Adjust pressure regulator of air supply to 2 atm pressure

Step 2:
a) Connect air outlets of valve V & V to both cylinder ports V operate B and V will operate B.
b) Connect pressure inlet valve V to one of air supply outlet & pressure inlet of valve V
another air supply outlet.
Step 3:
a) press valve V only and verify the cylinder B moves out (perform B).
b) Press valve V only & verify that cylinder B returns (performs B).
..

Step 4:
a) Press valve V only and takes the cylinder B out as fas as middle of its travel.Release valve V
& try to move cylinder manually back & forth.
b) Press valve V & V simultaneously & observe the result.
1 1. Double acting cylinder. Pressure 5 bar 1 litre 1
2. Two 3/2 way valve (manual Capacity
spring return)
3. T- manifold Valve opening: 0.1 mm 1
Pressure 20 Bars
Dia: 1 inch
1
1.5 DESCRIPTION:- Sliding door driven by a double acting cylinder.

1.6 PRECAUTIONS:
a) Ensure that valves in air supply are closed & there is no pressure in pipe.
b) The pressure pipe should be connected before connecting the pipe to components.
1.7 PRE-REQUISITE:
Q.1 What do you understand by pressure.
Q.2 What parameters are involved in check valve
Q.3 What are check valves..
1.8 POST REQUISITE:

Q.1 What are spool valves.
Q.2 What is the difference between check and spool valves.
Q.3 What is the purpose of cylinder cushions

Experiment No: 5
1.1 Objective 1.2 Theory 1.3 Procedure 1.4 Apparatus required 1.5 Description 1.6 Precaution 1.7 Pre-
requisite 1.8 Post requisite
1.1 OBJECTIVE:- To operate a single cylinder with the help of pilot operated valve .
1.2THEORY:
For an actuator, the operational speed is determined by the fluid flow rate and the cylinder actuator
area or the motor displacement. The speed can only be controlled by adjusting the fluid flow to the
actuator, because the physical dimension of the actuator is fixed. Since the air is compressible, flow
control is difficult as compared to the hydraulic system. There are various ways of controlling the fluid
flow. One of the methods is discussed as below:
Figure shows the circuit diagram of hydraulic system developed to control the speed of motion of a
piston. Consider a pump which delivers a fluid volume of ‘V’ per minute. The pump has a fixed
displacement. The volume of fluid goes either to the pump or to the actuator. When the direction
control valve moves from its center position the actuator of area ‘A’, the piston moves with a velocity,
(6.4.1)
If the pump delivery volume ‘V’ can be adjusted by altering swash plate angle of a piston pump or by
using a variable displacement vane pump, no further speed control will be needed.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
1.3 PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Adjust the pressure regulator on the air supply to 2 atm pressure
Step 2:
a) Locate the valve & try to locate air contract part, pressure inlet, two vents and two cylinder
ports.
b) Connect one of the control inlets of air pressure and ascertain from which port the air
escapes.
c) Disconnect the air pressure from the control and repeat other control.
d)Each control lets air from the pressure inlet flow through one specific outlet only.
Step 3:

a) Connect the valve outlet to cylinder inlet.

b) Connect the control valve pressure inlet to the air supply and the outlet to valve control in
order to obtain B.
Step 4:
a) Press the valve and verify that cylinder moves to B position.
b) Press valves and verity that the cylinder moves to B position.

1 1. Double acting cylinder. Pressure 5 bar 1 litre 1
Capacity
2. 5/2 way double piloted
valve.
Valve opening: 0.1 mm 1
3. 3/2 way manual spring Pressure 20 Bars
return valve.
4. T manifold.
Dia: 1 inch
1
1.5 DESCRIPTION: The control layout of the press in one cylinder was modified in order to improve
performance.
1.6 PRECAUTION:
1. Ensure that the valves in the air supply are closed and there is no pressure in the pipe.
2. The pressure pipe should ve connected or disconnected the pipe to the components.

Experiment No:6
Logical design and sequencing of pneumatic circuit with the help of pilot operated
valve
1.1 Objective 1.2 Theory 1.3 Procedure 1.4 Apparatus required 1.5 Description 1.6 Precaution 1.7 Pre-
requisite 1.8 Post requisite
1.1 OBJECTIVE:- Cylinder sequencing with (Two-5/2)(Four-3/2),(One-3/2) pilot operated valve..

1.2THEORY:
Pneumatics and electro pneumatics are successfully used in many areas of industrial automation.
Throughout the world, electro pneumatic control systems are used to operate production, assembly and
packaging systems. In addition, technological advances in materials, design and production methods
have improved the quality and variety of the pneumatic components and in this way helped to extend
their use.
Changing requirements and technical developments have dramatically altered the appearance of
control systems. In the signal control section, the relay has increasingly been replaced by the
programmable logic controller in many fields of application in order to meet the increased requirement
for flexibility. And in the power section of electro pneumatic control systems new concepts have been
included that are tailored to the demands of industrial practice. Examples of these new concepts
include valve terminals, bus networking and proportional pneumatics.
5/2-way double pilot valve The 5/2-way double pilot valve has a memory function. The valve is
switched to port 14 or 12 by means of alternating pneumatic signals. After the signal is withdrawn, the
switching position is maintained until a counter signal is received.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

1.3 PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Initially both cylinders have retracted pistons. Start push button on valve 1 is pressed. This
applies pressure to valve 2, as initially limit switch B is activated, hence valve B switched to
apply pressure to cylinder A.
Step 2: Cylinder A extends, releasing limit switch a. When cylinder A is fully extended, limit switches
an operated. This switches valve 5 and cause pressure to be applied to valve 6 to switch it and
so apply pressure to cylinder B to cause its piston to extend.
Step 3: Cylinder B extends, releasing limit switch b.When cylinder B is fully extended, limit switch B
operates. This switches valve 4 and causes pressure to be applied to valve 3 and so applied
pressure to operate cylinder A to start its piston retracting.
Step 4: Cylinder A retracts, releasing limit switch a when cylinder A is fully retracted limit switch a
operates this switches value 7 and cause pressure to be applied to valve 5 and so applied
pressure to cylinder B to start its piston retracting.
Step 5: Cylinder B retracts, releasing limit switch B when cylinder B is fully retracted, limit switch B
operates to complete the cycle.
The cycle can be started again by pushing the start button.

Precautions:
a) The pressure pipe should be connected before connecting or disconnecting the pipe to the
components.
b) Ensure that valve in air supply are closed and there is no pressure in the pipes.
c) Press valves and verity that the cylinder moves to B position.


1 1. Two double acting 1
cylinder.
1
2. 3/2 pilot operation valve.
3. Two 5/2 way valve. 1
4. Four spring return valve.

1
1.5 DESCRIPTION:
In this we perform retraction & expansion of two cylinders one after another without
much time lag by using various valves.
1.6 PRECAUTIONS:
1. Ensure that the valves in the air supply are closed and there is no pressure in the pipe.
2. The pressure pipe should ve connected or disconnected the pipe to the components.

Mechatronic Lab Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Mechatronic Lab Manual

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Mechatronic Lab Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

INDEX

S.N LIST OF EXPERIMENT DATE SIGNATURE

EXP No (1) (ETME- 453) Page 1 of 4

Gas loaded accumulator

EXP No (1) (ETME- 453) Page 2 of 4

1.4 APPARATUS REQUIRED:

S.No. Name of Apparatus Range/Rating Quantity

1.5 PNEUMATIC SYMBOLS DIAGRAM:

EXP No (1) (ETME- 453) Page 3 of 4

EXP No (1) (ETME- 453) Page 4 of 4

Single acting cylinder

EXP No (2) (ETME- 453) Page 1 of 4

EXP No (2) (ETME- 453) Page 2 of 4

EXP No (2) (ETME- 453) Page 3 of 4

1.8 POST REQUISITE:

EXP No (2) (ETME- 453) Page 4 of 4

EXP No (2) (ETME- 453) Page 5 of 4

EXP No (3) (ETME- 453) Page 1 of 3

EXP No (3) (ETME- 453) Page 2 of 3

c) Connect the pressure outlet of valve V6 TO INLET OF CYLINDER a.

1.4 APPARATUS REQUIRED:

S.No. Name of Apparatus Range/Rating Quantity

1.8 POST REQUISITE:

EXP No (3) (ETME- 453) Page 3 of 3

EXP No (4) (ETME- 453) Page 1 of 3

Step 1: Adjust pressure regulator of air supply to 2 atm pressure

EXP No (4) (ETME- 453) Page 2 of 3

1.5 DESCRIPTION:- Sliding door driven by a double acting cylinder.

1.8 POST REQUISITE:

EXP No (4) (ETME- 453) Page 3 of 3

EXP No (5) (ETME- 453) Page 1 of 3

EXP No (5) (ETME- 453) Page 2 of 3

a) Connect the valve outlet to cylinder inlet.

1.4 APPARATUS REQUIRED:

EXP No (5) (ETME- 453) Page 3 of 3

1.1 OBJECTIVE:- Cylinder sequencing with (Two-5/2)(Four-3/2),(One-3/2) pilot operated valve..

EXP No (1) (ETME- 453) Page 1 of 3

EXP No (1) (ETME- 453) Page 2 of 3

The cycle can be started again by pushing the start button.

c) Press valves and verity that the cylinder moves to B position.

EXP No (1) (ETME- 453) Page 3 of 3

1.4 APPARATUS REQUIRED:

3. Two 5/2 way valve. 1

4. Four spring return valve.

EXP No (1) (ETME- 453) Page 4 of 3

You might also like