Control your

compressed air costs

!

Also in smaller business applications

ESM – AEON9000sp you can measure efficiency!

See the value of year on year

Oil Sampling and Analysis
saving!

• Training Module
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

PLEASE NOTE THAT THIS OIL SAMPLE

KIT AND INSTRUCTIONS IS ONLY
Warning APPLICABLE FOR AEON9000SP
SYNTHETIC OIL

Before starting any oil sampling

work ensure:-

 No air pressure remains within

the machine or pipe work
 Machine is electrically isolated
from the main electrical supply
and locked off
 Warning signs are displayed
advising that maintenance work
is being carried out and
machine must not be started
 Aeon 9000SP vs mineral oil

Synthetics – The Advantage

• Green Advantage
– Extended life
• 2 times longer
– Reduced Waste
• Extended drain intervals, reduced waste disposal costs
– Energy Savings
• Less change of viscosity over operational temperature
• Less thickening at lower temperatures for initial start-up
• Property Advantage
– Improved Thermal and Oxidative Stability
• Less decomposition and oil thickening
• Less varnishes and deposits
– Improved VI
• Improved low temperature and high temperature performance
– Improved Pour Point
• Improved pumpability at initial low temperature start-up
 Aeon 9000SP vs mineral oil

Viscosity Change With Temperature

Superior
Mineral Oil
Fluidity
ISO VG

Synthetic Oil

Increased
Protection
40 100
Temperature, °C

High Viscosity Low Viscosity

 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

GD Aeon 9000SP lubricant analysis is

Free of Charge

Introduction
As a preventative ‘health check’,
having the oil in your machine
analysed on a regular basis provides
the highest level of protection
against component failure within
your compressor.

The analysis is mandatory for ALL of the GD

extended warranties.
GD will strongly recommend you use the oil
analysis even if you have no extended
warranties
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

Introduction

GD Oil analysis can prevent component failures such as:-

 air-end seizures
 reduction in compressor performance
 premature separator life
 reported oil carryover

having the oil analysed can assist in diagnosing any potential

sign of failure or the root cause of a problem. Oil analysis can
also prevent a recurrence of the defect, or reduce the possible
risks of a subsequent failure, if corrective action is taken.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

1. Taking an Accurate Oil Sample

To avoid errors while taking samples

and recording information, please
observe the following procedures
carefully.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

As an absolute minimum oil samples must be

taken at every Oil Filter Service.
When this coincide with a oil change, Service,
and the oil has been changed, there is no need
to take a sample.
More frequent samples intervals will be required
in more dirty and extreme ambient operating
conditions.
When the compressor is under a extended
warranty scheme, the oil sampling is mandatory.
Failure to follow the GD guidelines or
instructions as a result of the oil analysis reports
will invalidate your warranty or warranty claim.

ESM range Minimum Oil Sample interval

ESM 7-22 2000 Hours
ESM 30-132 3000 Hours
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

2. How And Where Do You Take The Oil Sample?

To obtain an oil sample easily and

cleanly, the oil sampling kit includes
a disposable syringe and tube
If you perform a lot of oil samplings
we recommend the use of the GD
sampling pump.
This enables the oil to be drawn
under vacuum directly into the
sampling bottle via a sampling tube.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

2. How And Where Do You Take The Oil Sample?

Samples must NOT be taken:-

 After changing the oil

 After considerable quantities of
oil have been added.

Put the sample in a clean and dry

container, preferably in the sample
bottle supplied with the kit.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

3. Why Should You Take Care When

Filling In The Sample Information Sheet?
The more information you give us about the
machine and the oil used, the more precise our
engineer's evaluation will be.
Fill in the top part of the label supplied with the
oil sampling kit.
Note: Once you have given us a sample
identification, it should not be changed.
Your analysis results will be saved in our
database so if you send us further samples
with the same identification, the earlier
analysed samples will also be indicated in the
corresponding laboratory report for
comparison.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

4. How Do You Identify The Sampling Bottle?

Peel the top label of the sticker and
stick it on the plastic bottle. (not the
cardboard canister)
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

5. How Do You Send Us Your Oil Sample?

Put the sample bottle back in the

protective container (brown).

Put the container in a strong courier

bag (Fedex, DHL, TNT)

Use the bottom half of the sticker as

for the address to send the sample
to
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

6. Next steps?

Samples in prepaid analysis kits and

accompanied by completed sample
information labels need to be send to
our designated laboratory in the
USA.
Upon receipt the laboratory report
will be created the same day and
sent via email.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

6. Next steps?

The report includes analysis

data of your sample, the
diagnosis of a professional
technician about the
condition of oil and machine
and his recommendation for
further actions.
 Aeon 9000SP understanding the report
AEON-9000SP (6000 hr fluid)

PROPERTY UNITS TEST METHOD NEW OIL MARGINAL UNACCEPTABLE

Viscosity @ 40C cSt ASTM D-445 44-54 25-26 &56-57 <25 & >57***
Antioxidant Level % Remaining Liquid Chromatography Normal Below Normal Depleted
Acid Number mg KOH/g ASTM D-974 <0.2 0.8-1.0 >1.0
Phosphorus PPM Plasma Emission 650-1100 1-100 0**
Zinc PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-20 >20
Calcium PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-20 >20
Barium PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-20 >20
Iron PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-10 >10
Copper PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-10 >10
Lead PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-10 >10
Tin PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-10 >10
Aluminum PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-10 >10
Silicon PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-10 >10
Molybdenum PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-20 >20
Silver PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-10 >10
Chromium PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-10 >10
Nickel PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-10 >10
Vanadium PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-10 >10
Titanium PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-10 >10
Magnesium PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-20 >20
Sodium PPM Plasma Emission 0 6-20 >20
Water Content PPM Karl Fischer <150 500-999 >1000
ISO CODE ISO CODE ISO CODE
Particle Count Micron Hiac Royco
17/15/12 XX/XX/19 XX/XX/>19

XX Any Number **Non-condemning 08/08

If the TAN is normal ***The Viscosity is too high. The fluid is either contaminated or is not AEON-9000SP. Please verify fluid type.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

7. Taking an oil sample using a disposable syringe

Included in the oil sampling kit is a

disposable syringe to obtain an oil
sample easily and cleanly
This includes a syringe and sampling
tube.
The kit also includes a sample bottle,
cardboard canister and an adhesive
label
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

7. Taking an oil sample using a disposable syringe

1. The oil sample must be taken from

the machine while it is still warm
(preferably directly after shutdown)
and before the filter, as wear
particles or deposits will still be in
suspension.
2. Estimate the length of the tube and
cut the end to an angle of
approximately 45º.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

7. Taking an oil sample using a disposable syringe

3. Carefully clean the oil filler to avoid

contaminating the sampling tube.
4. Insert the sampling tube through the
reclaimer’s oil filler and
approximately half way into the oil.
The tube should not touch the
bottom of the reclaimer otherwise
contamination may occur.
5. Start drawing the oil into the syringe
Do not overfill ! Watch the fluid
flowing and stop pumping in time
6. Remove the tube and empty the
syringe into the supplied plastic
sample bottle
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

8. The GD Pump Kit

To obtain an oil sample easily and

cleanly, GD recommend the use of
the '‘GD" oil Pump.
This includes a pump (1, 2, 3),
washable container (5) and sampling
tube (6).
The pump kit does NOT include the
screw-cap (4) and the sampling
bottle and label as this item is part of
the GD analysis kit which is part of
the minor service kits or can be
ordered separately if more samples
are required
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

8. The GD Sampling Pump Kit

The GD pump is easy to use.

All oils up to a viscosity of ISO 680
or SAE 60/SAE 140 (and all other
liquids) will flow from the sampling
tube easily and cleanly directly into
the GD sampling bottle without
coming into contact with any part of
the pump.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

8. Using The GD Sampling Pump Kit

1. The oil sample must be taken from

the machine while it is still warm
(preferably directly after shutdown)
and before the filter, as wear
particles or deposits will still be in
suspension.
2. Check that the thread on the pump
body is clean. If not, clean with a
fluff-free cloth.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

8. Using The GD Sampling Pump Kit

3. Estimate the length of the tube and

cut the end to an angle of
approximately 45º.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

8. Using The GD Sampling Pump Kit

4. Release the knurled screw (2) to
allow the tube to be inserted through
it. The 45 cut will help the tube to
ease through seal (3). The end of the
tube should reach about 1 cm below
the top of sampling bottle's thread
(5).
5. Tighten the knurled screw (2) so that
the seal (3) seals around the tube
(6).
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

8. Using The GD Sampling Pump Kit

6. Remove the screw top from the

sampling bottle and screw the bottle
onto the '‘GD'' pump.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

8. Using The GD Sampling Pump Kit

7. Carefully clean the oil filler to avoid

contaminating the sampling tube.
8. Insert the sampling tube through the
reclaimer’s oil filler and
approximately half way into the oil.
The tube should not touch the
bottom of the reclaimer otherwise
contamination may occur.
9. Always hold the sampling bottle
vertically downwards.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

8. Using The GD Sampling Pump Kit

10. Start pumping the oil into the bottle.

Do not overfill ! Watch the fluid
flowing and stop pumping in time to
leave 1 cm of the bottle unfilled to
allow the oil to be shaken.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

9. Using the GD Sampling Kit

11. Fill in the top part of the label supplied with the
oil sampling kit.
All customer, distributor, lubricant, and
equipment information needs to be entered
onto the sample label in order to process the
sample. Include on the sample label if there
was a lubricant or filter change during
sampling.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

9. Using the GD Sampling Kit

12.Peel the top label of the sticker and stick it on
the bottle. It is imperative that the sample label
be applied directly to the plastic sample bottle,
not the cardboard canister.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

9. Using the GD Sampling Kit

13. Put the sample bottle back in the

protective cardboard canister (brown).
14. Put the canister in a strong courier bag
(Fedex, DHL, TNT).
The Customs Commodity code is
3403.99.0000 - Lubricating Preparations.
Description - Lubricant sample
value = 0 (so we don’t have to pay
import duties)
16. Use the bottom half of the sticker for
the address to send the sample to.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

10. Ordering the Oil Analysis Set & Sampling Pump

Oil sampling kits and oil sample pumps are now
available from GD and can be purchased through the
normal parts channels.
Both the pump and sampling kit are issued with full
sets of instructions

The Oil sampling kit will be included in every 3000

hour minor kit.
 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

10. Ordering the Oil Analysis Set & Sampling Pump

Item Item Description Part Number

Part of the GF
(minor 3000 hr)
Oil Analysis Set (comprising sample bottle, Kit
GF3050-1
cardboard canister for transport, label and GF5580-1
GF90132-1
disposable syringe)
On its own:
ZS1067995

Oil Sample Pump (boxed) 100016895

 Aeon 9000SP oil sampling

Recommended for Service Teams

It is highly recommended that the

sampling kit and oil sample pump
are issued to your service teams so
that oil samples can be taken in a
timely manner, when the need
arises.
 Sample Taking Guidelines AEON9000

Use the syringe supplied with the kit to take the oil sample or use the GD pump

1. All samples should be taken by trained individuals utilizing all appropriate safety practices required. No air
pressure remains within the machine or pipe work
2. Use clean sample bottle kits and sampling tools.
3. Obtaining a lubricant sample, shut the unit down and allow cooling for 5-10 minutes.
4. Insert the sampling tube through the reclaimer’s oil filler and approximately half way into the oil. The tube should
not touch the bottom of the reclaimer otherwise contamination may occur.

5. All samples for a specific machine should be taken from the same sampling location and the procedure of taking
the sample shall be consistent. This will allow for better trend analysis.
6. The sampling label should be completely filled out before sending the sample to the laboratory. All customer,
distributor, lubricant, and equipment information needs to be entered onto the sample label in order to process the
sample. Include on the sample label if there was a lubricant or filter change during sampling. It is imperative that
the sample label be applied directly to the plastic sample bottle, not the cardboard canister. The mailing label can
be applied to the cardboard mailing canister or if using a box to send in more than one sample, it can be attached
to the outside of the box and therefore, does not need to be applied to the canister. Missing information from the
sample label can result in a longer turn around time as the laboratory will need to request the information before
the sample can be processed. All the information on the information label is required for an accurate analysis.

7. Prompt delivery of the sample to the laboratory is important. Oil analysis attempts to evaluate the current
condition of the oil and the equipment, so it is crucial to get the sample to the laboratory for analysis quickly after
the sample is taken.
8. Follow the sampling frequencies as per your service manual and the sampling guidelines noted on the lubricant
analysis reports to determine when the next sample should be taken and sent in for analysis.
9. The Customs Commodity code is 3403.99.0000 - Lubricating Preparations. Description - Lubricant sample
No value (Zero) (so we don’t have to pay import duties)
 Used Oil
Why use the Oil Analysis Program?

It is important to routinely use an oil analysis

program for your fluids. Analysis can identify problems in the

Analysis Program
earliest stages which can keep downtime to a minimum and reduce
repair costs.

The program is geared around unique specifications from Extend Equipment Life by Identifying
engineered formulations. Our state of the art testing laboratory is Minor Problems Before a Major Failure
equipped with automated processes, instruments, and advanced
technologies that enable us to deliver consistent and accurate
test results. We apply our technical expertise to an extensive
range of analytical, physical, and mechanical testing capabilities,
demonstrating our commitment to help you succeed.

We also provide an easy to read report giving detailed information

such as: when to sample again, what parameters are abnormal and
possible steps you need to amend any abnormality with your fluid
system. Our dedicated lab technicians can provide you with expert
knowledge of our lubricants.
Turn-Around Time

Our goal is 48-72 hours turn-around time

with proper information completed on the
sample bottle kit. If the label has insufficient
information the processing time will be delayed.
If you have any questions regarding proper
completion of the label please contact us at
1 (800) 637-8628.

©2010 080955
Types of Testing
Water by Karl Fischer
The Karl Fischer method is used for many substances as a
reference method. It is a chemical analysis procedure which is
based on the oxidation of sulfur dioxide by iodine in a methanolic
hydroxide solution. In principle, the following chemical reaction
takes place:
H2O + I2 + SO2 + CH3OH + 3RN -> [RNH] SO4CH3 + 2[RNH] I
The titration can be performed volumetrically or coulometrically.
In the volumetric method a Karl Fischer solution containing
iodine is added until the first trace of excess iodine is present.
The amount of iodine converted is determined from the burette
volume of the iodine-containing Karl Fischer solution. In the
coulometric procedure, the iodine participating in the reaction
is generated directly in the titration cell by electrochemical
oxidation of iodide until again a trace of unreacted iodine is
detected. Faraday’s law can be used to calculate the amount of
iodine generated from the quantity of electricity required.
The Karl Fischer test is important because it informs the user
how much dissolved water is in their system. High water can
cause coalescing filter and bearing damage. It also causes
corrosion in the compressor. Results are reported in ppm.
Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP)
Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) is an analytical
technique used for the detection of trace metals in
samples. The primary goal of ICP is to get elements
to emit characteristic wavelength specific light
which can then be measured.
Metals analysis is performed to determine the parts
per million (ppm) of metals that are either present
or not present. Al, Ag, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mo,
Na, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Sn, Ti, V, and Zn are the significant
metals being tested.
Particle Count
The particle count instrument uses a laser diode as the
illumination source and a photodiode as the detector. The
particles pass through a sensor. When particles are present
within the sensor’s micro cell, the particles block the laser
beam from the photodiode detector. The loss of laser light
generates an electronic pulse for each particle. These pulses are
proportional in amplitude to the light intensity or light extinction,
which is a measure of the particle size. The particle counter
identifies the quantity and the height of the pulses by sorting
the pulses into bins with predefined pulse amplitude ranges.
The data is transferred to digital numbers and printed. The test
breaks the size ranges down from 4-70 microns. The results
formulate the ISO (International Standards Organization) code
fraction. The ISO code (i.e. 3/2/1) represents the ratio between
particles present at levels greater than 4 (the denominator(1))
versus the particles present at levels greater than 6 micron (the
middle number (2)) versus the particles present at levels greater
than 14 micron (the numerator (3)).
The importance of particle count analysis includes: identification
of solid material, identifying abnormal wear conditions,
monitoring the effects of filtration, and measuring overall system
cleanliness.
Total Acid Number
The total acid number (TAN) is the number expressed in milligrams
(mg) of potassium hydroxide needed to neutralize the acid in one
gram of oil. The test is used to indicate the amount of oxidation
that the fluid has undergone. The acid number increases as the
fluid begins to oxidize.
The TAN test is used to condemn nearly all fluid types, thus a
precise and accurate analysis is crucial. The TAN signifies the
basic condition of the fluid by giving a value that signifies the
amount of oxidation that the fluid has undergone. The TAN
can also indicate if a compressor is running too hot, or if the
compressor is ingesting a foreign chemical that is harmful to the
lubricant and or the compressor.
Kinematic Viscosity
The term viscosity is defined as the internal resistance of a
liquid to flow over a certain amount of time with larger numbers
relating to thicker fluids. Kinematic Viscosity is the measure of
the resistive flow of a fluid under the influence of gravity. The
S.I. unit for the measurement of viscosity is the centistoke (cSt).
A fixed volume of liquid flows under gravity through a calibrated
viscometer capillary, by a reproducible driving head and at
a closely controlled and known temperature, 40º C. If the oil
increases in viscosity, it means that the oil is becoming thicker.
The most common cause of increased viscosity is oxidation.
Oxidation is a normal process of a lubricant and is the reason for
most oil changes.
The viscosity test is considered the most imperative property of
lubricating oils, and an active indicator of the oils’ functionality.
The viscosity can be used to indicate high operating temperatures,
contamination of another fluid, overloading, and water/coolant
contamination conditions. An increase or decrease in viscosity
can lead to overheating, increased friction, and ultimately
catastrophic failure.
High Performance Liquid
Chromatography (HPLC)
HPLC is a method of separating mixtures into their individual
components for the purpose of isolation, identification, or
quantification. A sample, dissolved in a liquid, is carried
by a flowing liquid (the mobile phase) through a tube (the
column) tightly packed with a finely divided solid material
(stationary phase). During the passage through the
column, the components move at different rates by virtue
of differences in chemical or physical interaction with the
stationary phase and thus exit the column separately. The
high separating power is achieved by the column, which uses very small particles of large
surface area, which are densely packed in the column. A pump is used to allocate the proper
liquid flow rate through the column. A design of the optic assembly is attached.
The HPLC analysis is important because it measures the approximate amount of antioxidant
present in used and new oil (QC) samples. Depending on the hours on the fluid the antioxidant
is deemed normal or below normal. It also gives the percentage of antioxidant for Quality
Control purposes.