EPA Prov - GHG Inventory Report 1990 2019 - Final

Ireland’s Provisional 1990-2019
Greenhouse Gas November 2020

Emissions
F-gas
Environmental Protection Agency
The EPA is responsible for protecting and improving the CLIMATE SCIENCE & CLIMATE CHANGE
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committed to protecting people and the environment from the
and projections;
harmful effects of radiation and pollution.
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Directive, the Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air
Our responsibilities include: Pollution, and the National Emissions Ceiling Directive;
LICENSING • Oversee the implementation of the Environmental Noise

Directive;
• Large-scale industrial, waste and petrol storage activities;
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• Urban waste water discharges; on the Irish environment.
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to identify pressures, inform policy and provide solutions;
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including national enforcement issues; • Promote environmental awareness including supporting
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PARTNERSHIP AND NETWORKING
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and local authorities, non-governmental organisations,
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deliver environmental and radiological protection, research
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coordination and science-based decision making.
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lakes, transitional and coastal waters, bathing waters The EPA is managed by a full time Board, consisting of a Director General
and groundwaters, and measurement of water levels and five Directors. The work is carried out across five Offices:
and river flows.
• Office of Environmental Sustainability
• Office of Environmental Enforcement
• Office of Evidence and Assessment
• Office of Radiation Protection and Environmental Monitoring
• Office of Communications and Corporate Services
The EPA is assisted by advisory committees who meet regularly

to discuss issues of concern and provide advice to the Board.
Ireland’s Provisional Greenhouse Gas Emissions 1990-2019
Table of Contents
Key Findings 2
1. Introduction 3
2. Ireland’s Provisional Greenhouse Gas Emissions in 2019 4

Methodology changes in the 1990-2019 Inventory 5
3. Compliance with EU and international commitments 6
4 Greenhouse gas emissions by sector 8

4.1 Agriculture 9
4.2 Transport 10
4.3 Energy Industries 11
4.4 Residential 12
4.5 Manufacturing and Industry 13
4.6 Other Sectors 15
Commercial and Public Services 15
Waste 15
Fluorinated Gas Emissions 16
5. International Aviation and Navigation 17
6. Long-term Changes in Sectoral Emissions 1990-2019 18
7. Conclusion 20
Appendix – Additional Tables and Background Notes 21
Page 1
Key Findings
2019 total national greenhouse gas emissions are estimated to have declined
Welcome by 4.5% on 2018 levels to 59.90 million tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent
Reduction in (Mt CO2eq), despite the economy continuing to grow. This much needed
overall GHG reduction in total emissions, driven by the Energy, Agriculture and Transport
emissions sectors, is a step in the right direction that must be sustained and enhanced
over the next decade.
The Provisional estimates of greenhouse gas emissions for the period 1990-
2019 indicate that Ireland will exceed its 2019 annual limit set under the EU’s
Exceeding 2019 EU
Effort Sharing Decision (ESD) by 6.98 Mt CO2eq. This makes it highly unlikely
annual limit that Ireland will meet its overall 2020 targets under the scheme, regardless of
the impact of COVID on emissions in 2020.
ETS and non-ETS In 2019, emissions from Irelands’ Emissions Trading Sector (ETS) decreased by
emissions both 8.7% or 1.34 Mt CO2eq while non-ETS emissions decreased by 3.1% or 1.46 Mt
CO2eq.
reducing in 2019
Less Coal means Emissions in the Energy Industries sector show a decrease of 11.2% or 1.19
less emissions Mt CO2eq in 2019, which is attributable to a 69% decrease in coal and an 8%
decrease in peat used in electricity generation. Electricity generated from
from electricity
wind increased by 16.0% in 2019.
generation
Agriculture emissions decreased by 3.9% or 0.86 Mt CO2eq in 2019, driven by

Less fertiliser and reduced nitrogen fertiliser use (down -10.1% in 2019) and a 25.4% reduction
lime use reduces in the quantity of lime used on soils. This is a welcome reduction in emissions
Agriculture from the sector but one which may be difficult to sustain given a further
emissions increase of 2.8% in dairy cow numbers in 2019 (the 9th consecutive year of
growth).
Marginal decrease Greenhouse gas emissions from the Transport sector decreased slightly
overall, by 0.3% or 0.04 Mt CO2eq in 2019. This decrease was largely driven by
in Transport
an increase in biofuel use, +21.9% in 2019, which offset an overall increase in
emissions Transport energy consumption of 0.8%.
Less coal and Greenhouse gas emissions from the Residential sector decreased by 7.3% or
warmer winter 0.52 Mt CO2eq due to substantial reductions in carbon intensive fossil fuel
use; coal -29%, peat -7%. Kerosene and natural gas use in households also
means less
decreased by 4% and 2% respectively as a result of a warmer winter than in
Residential 2018.
emissions
Page 2
1. Introduction
The EPA is responsible for compiling the inventories of greenhouse gas emissions for Ireland and for reporting
the data to the relevant European and international institutions. As such, Ireland’s legal reporting obligations
require that we submit data for the period 1990-2019 in January, March and April 2021 to the European
Commission and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
The provisional estimates of Ireland’s greenhouse gas figures for the years 1990-2019 are based on the SEAI’s
final energy balances released in November 2020, and are estimated using methodologies employed in the
inventory in accordance with UNFCCC reporting guidelines and the latest available input data. In addition,
verified emissions data from installations covered by the EU’s Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) are included.
These estimates are, at this stage, provisional estimates of Ireland’s greenhouse gas figures for the years
1990-2019, which will be further refined as methods and activity data are updated before official submission
to the European Commission on 15th January 2021.
The 2019 estimates are presented on the following pages, accompanied by an account of how these differ
from the 2018 estimates. The recent and long-term trends in greenhouse gas emissions across key sectors,
and their significance in relation to Ireland’s target under the EU’s Effort Sharing Decision up to 2020 are also
assessed.
The latest Inventory year, 2019, predates the impact of the current Pandemic and the expected impact of
measures announced in the 2019 Climate Action Plan. The impact of the pandemic in terms of greenhouse
gas emissions will be incorporated in the 2020 Inventory in 2021, which is also likely to see the beginning of
new measures announced in the Climate Action Plan taking effect.
Page 3
2. Ireland’s Provisional Greenhouse

Gas Emissions in 2019
For 2019, provisional total national greenhouse gas emissions are estimated to be 59.90 million tonnes
carbon dioxide equivalent (Mt CO2eq) which is 4.5% lower (or 2.80 Mt CO2eq) than emissions in 2018
(62.70 Mt CO2eq) and follows a 0.9% increase in emissions reported for 2018. Emission reductions
have been recorded in 6 of the last 10 years.
In 2019, national total emissions decreased (-4.5%), ETS1 emissions decreased (-8.7%) and ESD
emissions decreased (-3.1%), the first time all 3 category totals have decreased in the same year since
2013. However, since 2013, emissions in the ETS sector have decreased by 9.7% or 1.52 Mt CO2eq whereas
emissions under the ESD increased by 6.8% or 2.90 Mt CO2eq. In 2019, emissions from electricity generation
have decreased by 11% for the second year in a row, due to large decreases in the use of coal and peat in
Ireland’s power plants.
The inter-annual change in total greenhouse gas emissions is presented in Figure 1 and sectoral emissions
in Figures 2 and 15. Detailed sectoral data are shown in Table 3.
Agriculture remains the single largest contributor to the overall emissions at 35.3% of the total.
Transport and Energy Industries are the second and third largest contributors at 20.3% and 15.8%
respectively. Residential and Manufacturing Combustion emissions account for 10.9% and 7.7%
respectively. These five sectors accounted for 90% of national total emissions in 2019. The remainder
is made up by the Industrial Processes at 3.8%, F-Gases at 1.8%, Commercial Services at 1.5%, Public
Services at 1.5% and Waste at 1.5%. Figure 2 shows the contributions from each of the sectors in
1990 and 2019.
Figure 1. Inter annual changes in GHG emissions 1990-2019
3.00 2.58 2.38

2.17 2.25 2.03
2.03 1.88
2.00 1.471.53 1.45
1.26
0.80 0.55 1.00
1.00 0.54
Million tonnes CO2eq
0.41
0.00
-0.01 -0.22 -0.26
-0.43
-1.00 -0.65 -0.64 -0.46 -0.51
-1.03
-2.00 -1.86
-3.00 -2.80
-4.00 -4.16
-5.00
-6.00 -5.77
-7.00
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
Inter annual change
1 ETS emissions in this report refers to CO2 emissions from stationary installations and from domestic aviation. It does
not include emissions from intra-EU aviation as those are not considered part of Ireland’s total reportable greenhouse
gas emissions.
Page 4
Figure 2. Profile of GHG Emissions in 1990 and 2019 by Sector
Year 1990 Year 2019

Waste, Waste,
Energy 1.5% Energy
2.9% Industries, Industries,
20.8% Agriculture, 15.8%
Agriculture,
35.5% 35.3%
Residential,
10.9%
Residential,
13.8%
Manufacturing
F-Gases, Combustion,
F-Gases,
Manufacturing 1.8% 7.7%
0.1%
Combustion, Industrial Commercial
7.5% Processes,
Industrial Services,
Transport, Commercial Services, 3.8% Transport, 1.5%
Processes,
9.5% 1.8% 20.3%
6.0%
Public Services, Public Services,
2.1% 1.5%
Methodology changes in the 1990-2019 Inventory

Changes are made each year to update and improve the underlying data and methods being used to
estimate emissions. For this inventory submission, two important changes occurred, new energy statistics
and a methodology update in the Agriculture sector. As is normal with significant emission inventory
changes, where new data is used, the impact is estimated back to the first inventory year (1990) to
ensure a consistent time-series.
Newly available source data was used to produce the Energy Balance by the SEAI, which impacted
on most fuel consuming sectors. The new data included more accurate survey data on public sector
energy use and the integration of data from the Central Statistics Office’s “Business Energy Use” survey.
The impact of this change was to alter the estimated sectoral fuel mix for some fuel types, affecting
the emissions from the Residential, Commercial and Public and Manufacturing combustion sectors.
The overall total fuel used in Ireland was unchanged, so this change only affected the breakdown of
emissions.
In the Agriculture sector, significant updates were made to the bovine methane model used to estimate
methane emissions from both enteric fermentation and manure management, in particular to the
activity data assumptions behind it. These updates included new housing data, manure storage, slurry
spreading, and animal feed data compiled by Teagasc and the Department of Agriculture. The changes
have had different impacts on different years, with, for example, methane emissions in 1990 decreasing
and those in 2018 increasing as a result. The overall accuracy of emissions estimates for recent years has
been substantially improved with new knowledge in manure management and feeding practices.
Page 5
3. Compliance with EU
and international commitments
The greenhouse gas emission inventory for 2019 is the seventh year that compliance under the European
Union’s Effort Sharing Decision (Decision 406/2009/EC) will be assessed. This Decision sets 2020 targets for
sectors outside of the Emissions Trading Scheme (known as ESD emissions) and annual binding limits for the
period 2013-2020. Ireland’s target is to reduce ESD emissions by 20% by 2020 compared with 2005 levels.
The final inventory reviews for the years up to 2018 were completed in August 2020, following the
submission of official data in March 2020 to the European Commission. For the period 2013 to 2018 Ireland
currently has a cumulative 1.56 Mt CO2eq surplus annual emission allowances (AEAs), due to emissions
being substantially below the annual allowance in the years 2013-2015, see Table 1 and Figure 3.
Ireland’s annual limit for 2019 is 38.73 Mt CO2eq. Ireland’s provisional 2019 greenhouse gas ESD emissions
are 45.71 Mt CO2eq, 6.98 Mt CO2eq more than the annual limit for 2019. This value is the national total
emissions less emissions covered by the EU’s emissions trading scheme for stationary and aviation operators.
Agriculture and Transport accounted for 72.9% of total ESD emissions in 2019. This indicates that Ireland will
not be in compliance with its 2019 Effort Sharing Decision annual limit, the fourth year in a row exceeding
the assigned allowances. Ireland’s provisional cumulative shortfall of allowances for the period 2013 to 2019
is 5.42 Mt CO2eq.
Table 1. Compliance with EU ESD Targets 2013-2020 (all numbers in the table are rounded
to the nearest kt CO2eq)
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
A Total greenhouse gas 57,903 57,626 59,878 61,546 60,744 60,912 59,897 0.0
emissions without LULUCF
B NF3 emissions 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.0
C Total greenhouse gas 57,903 57,625 59,877 61,545 60,743 60,911 59,896 0.0
emissions without LULUCF
and without NF3 emissions
D Total verified emissions from 15,686 15,953 16,830 17,737 16,896 15,515 14,172 0.0
stationary installations under
Directive 2003/87/EC
E CO2 emissions from 1.A.3.a. 10 9 10 10 17 17 18 0.0

domestic aviation
F Total ESD emissions 42,207 41,663 43,037 43,798 43,829 45,379 45,707 0.0
(= C-D-E)
G EU ESD Targets 46,892 45,761 44,630 43,499 40,885 39,807 38,729 37,651
Distance to target (= F-G) -4,685 -4,098 -1,593 299 2,944 5,571 6,978
Note: Shaded cells show data that has been reviewed, and compliance agreed, by the European Commission under Article
19 of the MMR No. 525/2013
Page 6
Figure 3. Compliance with ESD Targets 2013-2020
70.00
60.00
Million tonnes CO2eq
46.892
50.00 45.761 44.630 43.499
40.885
39.807 38.729 37.651
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ESD Emissions ETS Emissions EU AEAs 2013-2020
Figure 4. Profile of Effort Sharing Decision relevant GHG Emissions in 2005 and 2019 by Sector
Year 2005 Year 2019
Energy Residential, Energy
Waste, Industries, Waste, Industries,
17.1% 1.9%
2.7% 0.4% 1.8% Residential,
Manufacturing 14.3%
Combustion, Agriculture, Manufacturing
46.3% Combustion,
Agriculture, 3.0%
Commercial 2.5%
42.6% Services,
2.0% Commercial
Services,
Public Services, 1.8%
1.9%
Public Services,
Transport,
1.9%
27.5%
Transport,
F-Gases, Industrial
F-Gases, 26.6%
2.5% Processes,
2.4%
0.4%
Industrial
Processes,
0.4%
Page 7
4. Greenhouse gas emissions by sector

For the purposes of this report emissions are classified into nine key sectors and fluorinated gases (F-gases).
Although F-gases can be emitted from any sector it is helpful to group them collectively as the emissions
from any one sector are seldom significant, and measures to reduce them are often cross-sectoral in nature.
The sectoral breakdown used in this report, and changes in emissions for those sectors between 2018 and
2019, are presented in Table 2 below and described in more detail in the Appendix.
This sectoral breakdown is produced for National reporting purposes and although generally in alignment
with the classification used for UNFCCC reporting, some adjustments have been made for ease of
comparison with national policies. Key energy sub categories; Energy Industries (largely power generation),
Residential, Manufacturing Combustion, Transport, Commercial Services and Public Services are also shown
separately rather than as part of an overarching Energy category as reported to the UNFCCC. In this section,
the time series since 1990 is graphically presented, as 1990 is the historical base year used for UNFCCC and
Kyoto Protocol reporting.
Table 2. Ireland’s Provisional Greenhouse Gas Emissions for 2018 and 2019 by Sector
Million tonnes CO2eq 2018 2019 % Change
Agriculture 22.012 21.151 -3.9%
Transport 12.225 12.187 -0.3%
Energy Industries 10.632 9.445 -11.2%
Residential 7.043 6.527 -7.3%
Manufacturing Combustion 4.685 4.589 -2.0%
Industrial Processes 2.295 2.260 -1.5%
F-Gases 1.160 1.075 -7.4%
Commercial Services 0.875 0.891 1.8%
Public Services 0.877 0.887 1.2%
Waste 0.892 0.885 -0.8%
Total 62.696 59.897 -4.5%
Page 8
4.1 Agriculture
Methane emissions originate from Enteric
Fermentation, Manure Management and fuel
35.3%
combustion. In 2019, CH4 emissions contribute 64.9% 2019
to the Agriculture sector and have reduced by 2.6%
since 2018.
Nitrous Oxide emissions originate from Manure

Management, Agricultural Soils and fuel combustion.
In 2019, N2O emissions contribute 30.2% to the
Agriculture sector and have reduced 5.6% since 2018,
primarily as a result of less nitrogen fertiliser use.
Carbon dioxide emissions originate from Liming,

Urea Application and fuel combustion. In 2019, CO2
emissions contribute 4.9% to the Agriculture sector
and have reduced by 10.7% since 2018.
Agriculture emissions decreased by 3.9% or 0.86 Mt CO2eq in 2019 following an increase in 2018 of 3.9%.
The most significant drivers for the decreased emissions in 2019 were reductions of synthetic nitrogen
fertiliser use of 10.1% and in liming of soils by 25.4%. This follows substantial increases in both fertiliser and
lime use in 2018. It is worth noting that Agricultural emissions in 2018 were the highest in the 30-year time
series. The national dairy herd continued to increase in 2019 (9 consecutive years), with higher dairy cow
numbers of 2.8% with an increase in milk production of 5.3%. In 2019, other cattle and sheep numbers
decreased by 3.0% and 1.5% respectively, whereas pig and poultry numbers increased by 1.1% and 4.6%
respectively. Total fossil fuel consumption in agriculture/forestry/fishing activities decreased by 1.7% in 2019.
Figure 5. Trend in Agriculture 1990-2019
25,000
20,000
kilotonnes CO2eq
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Year
Enteric Fermentation Manure Management Agricultural Soils Liming
Urea Application Agriculture/Forestry fuel combustion Fishing
Page 9
4.2 Transport
Transport emissions decreased slightly by 0.3%
in 2019 or 0.04 Mt CO2eq. Emissions from road
20.3%
transport have remained relatively stable for the last 2019
4 years, at an average 11.6 Mt CO2eq. Total energy
consumption in road transport increased by 0.8% in
2019; petrol, -5.8%, diesel +0.8%, bioethanol -4.0%
and biodiesel +27.5%. The increased biodiesel usage
reflects the increase in the biofuel obligation from
from 8% to 10% with effect from 1st January 2019.
Looking at the underlying drivers, the number of
passenger diesel cars increased by 7.1% in 2019 while
the number of passenger petrol cars decreased by
1.9%, commercial vehicle numbers increased by 3.2%
and employment grew by 3.5% between Q4 2018 and
Q4 2019.
Transport emissions in 2019 were still 15.4% below peak levels in 2007 primarily due to the economic
downturn, but also due to improving vehicle fuel efficiency, the increased use of biofuels and a significant
decrease in fuel tourism in recent years. Passenger cars were responsible for 63% of road transport emissions
in 2019, with Light Goods Vehicles responsible for 16% and Buses and Heavy Goods Vehicles responsible
for 10% each. The impact of Electric Vehicles in reducing Transport emissions is still very low given the low
number in the vehicle fleet but they are projected to contribute substantially to emissions reductions towards
the latter half of the 2020s.
Figure 6. Trend in Transport 1990-2019
14,000
12,000
10,000
kilotonnes CO2eq
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Year
Domestic Aviation Road Transportation Railways
Domestic Navigation Other Transport
Page 10
4.3 Energy Industries

Sectoral emissions in the Energy Industries sector show
a decrease of 11.2% in 2019 which is attributable to
15.8%
decreases in consumption of coal and peat by 68.9% 2019
and 8.0% respectively, whilst there were increases in
natural gas, oil and biomass of 3.4%, 128.3% and
2.0% respectively for electricity generated. In 2019,
electricity generated from wind and hydro increased
by 16.0% and 27.7% respectively, reflected in a
13.6% decrease in the emissions intensity of power
generation in 2019 (325 g CO2/kWh) compared with
2018 (375 g CO2/kWh) which is a new low in terms of
carbon intensity. Renewables now account for 37.6%
of electricity generated in 2019 (up from 33.0% in 2018) also a new high.
In the last 3 years, emissions have decreased by over 3.1 Mt CO2eq due to a reduced use of coal and peat
and an increased use of natural gas and renewables in electricity generation. Announcements made by the
ESB and Bord na Móna to phase out coal and peat respectively, indicate that we can expect this emissions
saving to be maintained into the future. The emission categories relevant under Energy Industries are: Public
electricity and heat production, Petroleum refining, Manufacture of solid fuels and other energy industries.
Figure 7. Trend in Energy Industries 1990-2019

20,000
18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
kilotonnes CO2eq
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Year
Public electricity and heat production Petroleum reﬁning
Solid fuels and other energy industries Fugitive emissions
Page 11
4.4 Residential
Emissions in the Residential sector decreased by 7.3%
or 0.52 Mt of CO2eq in 2019. Within the different
10.9%
fuels used in household space and water heating, all 2019
fuels showed decreases; coal, peat, LPG, kerosene,
natural gas and biomass decreased by 28.6%, 6.6%,
7.1%, 4.2%, 2.1% and 18.0% respectively in 2019.
There were 3.8% fewer degree days in 2019, with 24
of 25 weather stations showing fewer degree days2
especially during the months January to April 2019.
Since 2014, fuel use by household has increased by 7.2% with CO2 emissions per household increasing
from 3.4 t CO2 to 3.6 t CO2 in 2019. While weather is a key variable from year to year, the flattening of the
historic downward trend in per household CO2 emissions evident in Figure 9, indicates a need for increased
energy efficiency retrofit activity in order to achieve future emissions reduction commitments.
Figure 8. Trend in Residential 1990-2019

140 9.0
120 8.0
Million Tonnes CO2eq

7.0
100
6.0
Fuel Use, PJ
80 5.0
60 4.0
3.0
40
2.0
20
1.0
0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Year
Solid Fuels Peat Liquid Fuels Natural Gas Renewables
CO2eq emissions from Residential Sector
2 Degree days are a measure of the heating or cooling requirement on a given day with reference to a level where
neither is required (typically 15.5o C). The number of degree days in a year is a strong indicator of the annual
Residential energy demand.
Page 12
Figure 9. CO2 Emissions per Household 1990-2019
2.0m 8.0
7.0
1.8m 7.0
Tonnes of CO2/household
1.6m
Number of Households
5.7
5.6 5.6
6.0
1.4m 5.2
1.2m 4.3 5.0

4.0 3.9 3.9
1.0m 3.4
3.6 3.6 3.5 3.6 4.0
0.8m 3.0
0.6m
2.0
0.4m
0.2m 1.0
0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Year
No. of Households tonnes CO2/household
4.5 Manufacturing and Industry

Emissions relating to Manufacturing Combustion and
Industrial Processes combined accounted for 11.4%
11.4%
of Ireland’s total emissions in 2019. Emissions from 2019
the Manufacturing Combustion sector decreased by
2.0% or 0.10 Mt CO2eq in 2019. There were decreases
in combustion emissions from major sub sectors
including food and drink and non-metallic minerals
(includes cement) which decreased by 7.5% and
3.3% respectively in 2019. Decreased emissions from
companies within the ETS were evident in the Non-
ferrous metals, Chemicals, Food Processing Beverages
and Tobacco, Non-Metallic Minerals (including cement)
sectors, with emissions decreasing by 1.1%, 4.0%,
1.6% and 3.6% respectively.
Page 13
Figure 10. Trend in Manufacturing Combustion 1990-2019

6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0.00
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Year
Iron and Steel Non-ferrous metals Chemicals Pulp Paper and Print
Food Processing Beverages and Tobacco Non Metallic Minerals Other Industry Fuel
Emissions from the Industrial Processes sector decreased by 1.5% (0.04 Mt CO2eq) in 2019 following
a 2.5% increase in 2018. The yearly decrease is due to a reduction in cement production. Total process
emissions from the mineral products subsector (including cement) decreased by 1.8%.
In 2019, total emissions (combustion and process) from the cement sector decreased by 2.0% and amount
to 2.85 Mt CO2eq, or 4.8% of national total emissions. This is the first decline in the sector’s emissions since
2013. Cement sector emissions are now 87.3% higher than the 2011 low during the economic recession.
Figure 11. Trend in Industrial Processes 1990-2019
4,500
4,000
3,500
kilotonnes CO2eq
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Year
Mineral industry Chemical industry Metal industry
Non-energy products from fuels and solvent use Other product manufacture and use
Page 14
4.6 Other Sectors

Emissions from F-Gases, Commercial Services, Publics Services and Waste account for 6.2% of total national
emissions in 2019.
Commercial and Public Services

Emissions from Commercial Services and Public Services
both increased by 1.8% and 1.2% respectively, with 3.0%
2019
increases of 2.1% in natural gas use in both sectors
in 2019. There was a decrease in renewables use of
13.7% in public services.
Waste
Emissions from the Waste sector decreased by 0.8% in 2019, with a decrease in sub category;
landfills of 2.3%. Overall emissions decreased by 0.01 Mt CO2eq.
Long-term decreases are a result of decreased quantities of municipal solid wastes (MSW) disposed of at
landfills and a decrease in the proportion of organic materials (food and garden waste) in MSW as well as
a diversion of paper products from landfills. Improved management of landfill facilities, including increased
recovery of landfill gas utilised for electricity generation and flaring is also a big driver in decreased emissions
from the waste sector.
Figure 12. Trend in Waste 1990-2019
2,000
1,800
1,600
kilotonnes CO2eq
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Year
Landﬁlls Biological treatment of solid waste
Incineration and open burning of waste Wastewater treatment and discharge
Page 15
Fluorinated Gas Emissions

F-Gas emissions were down 7.4% from 2018 to 2019, following a decrease of 13.8% in 2018. This is driven
by a reduction in refrigeration and air conditioning emissions. Emissions of F-gases (HFCs, PFCs, SF6 and NF3)
were 1.07 Mt CO2eq in 2019 compared to 34.6 kt CO2eq in 1990, a 31-fold increase over the time series,
see Figure 13. However, F-gas emissions have risen from a very low base and only accounted for 1.8 per cent
of the national total in 2019. F-gases include a wide range of substances that are used in a diverse range of
products and manufacturing processes.
The main causative factor behind the more recent decreases in F-gas emissions has been the phasing out
of refrigerant and air conditioning (AC) gases with high global warming potentials (GWPs), due to the
implementation of the F-Gas Regulation (EU) No. 517/2014. These refrigerant gases are being replaced
with products containing a blend of HFCs and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) with low GWPs in sub category,
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning.
Figure 13. Composition and Trend in F-Gas Emissions 1990-2019
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Year
Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Mobile Air Conditioning
Integrated circuit or semiconductor Aerosols & MDIs Other
Page 16
5. International Aviation and Maritime Emissions

Emissions from international aviation and maritime navigation are reported as “memo items” in the national
emission inventory. This means they are not counted as part of Ireland’s national total emissions, but are
reported by Ireland to the UNFCCC and EU for information purposes. A substantial proportion of Ireland’s
international aviation emissions is included in the EU ETS, such as all intra EU flights and flights within the
European Economic Area (EEA) including; Iceland, Norway and Liechtenstein. In 2019, total international
aviation contributed 3.32 Mt of CO2 from over 143,000 return flights from Irish airports, see Figure 14. The
other major destinations for Irish passengers are flights to North America which amounted to approximately
13,000 return flights in 2019 with CO2 emissions of 1.4 Mt. International flights to North America contribute
more CO2 per flight due to the large cruise distances involved.
In recent years, CO2 emissions from international aviation have increased very rapidly and it is therefore
important that they are closely monitored for comparison with other sources and for the benefit of the
international organisations that will have to develop control strategies for them in the future.
In the last 3-year period, 2017 to 2019, emissions from international aviation averaged at 3.21 Mt of CO2
the highest emissions since 2007. The allocation of jet kerosene use to international aviation (bunker fuel) is
done by subtracting jet kerosene used in civil aviation from total jet kerosene fuel sales compiled by SEAI. In
2019, the amount of jet kerosene fuel allocated to domestic aviation was 0.47 per cent of the total recorded
under air transport in the energy balance.
International marine navigation is another important source of emissions that is also excluded from Ireland’s
national total emissions and any EU or UN reduction commitments. In 2019, emissions from this source
amounted to 0.44 Mt of CO2eq down from 0.50 Mt of CO2eq in 2018.
Figure 14. Trend in International Aviation 1990-2019

3,500 160,000
3,000 140,000 Number of International LTOs
2,500 120,000
kilotonnes CO2
100,000
2,000
80,000
1,500
60,000
1,000
40,000
500 20,000
0 0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Year
CO2 International Aviation International LTO
Page 17
6. Long-term Changes in
Sectoral Emissions 1990-2019
As 1990 is the historical base year used by most countries in relation to UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol
reporting, it is instructive to look at how emissions have evolved over the longer timeframe from 1990 to the
present. The share of CO2 in total greenhouse gas emissions has increased to 62.2% of total greenhouse
gas emissions in 2019 compared to 60.6% in 1990. The share of CH4 and N2O emissions, primarily from the
agriculture sector, have fallen from 39.4% of total greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 to 36.0% in 2019 as
emissions (primarily CO2) from other sectors grew at a faster rate. Emissions from F-gases account for 1.8%
of the total in 2019. The trend in emissions from 1990 to 2019 is shown in Figures 15 and 16 and Table 3 in
the Appendix.
Between 1990 and 2019, Transport shows the greatest overall increase of GHG emissions at 136.8%,
from 5,145.8 kt CO2eq in 1990 to 12,186.1 kt CO2eq in 2019, with road transport increasing by 142.4%.
Fuel combustion emissions from Transport accounted for 9.5 per cent and 20.3 per cent of total national
greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 and 2019, respectively. The increase in emissions up to 2007 can be
attributed to general economic prosperity and increasing population, with a high reliance on private car
travel as well as rapidly increasing road freight transport.
Energy Industries show a decrease in emissions of 16.6% over the period 1990 to 2019. Over the time
series, emissions from electricity generation have decreased by 18.0% whereas total electricity consumption
has increased by 139.5%. Emissions from electricity generation increased from 1990 to 2001 by 54.2% and
have decreased by 46.8% between 2001 and 2019. This decrease reflects the improvement in efficiency
of modern gas fired power plants replacing older peat and oil-fired plants and the increased share of
renewables, primarily, wind power along with increased interconnectivity. This year was the lowest year
in the 30-year time series for coal fired electricity generation, 69% less than in 2018, and the lowest year
in the last 15 years for peat fired electricity, 8% less than 2018. These reductions reflect the gradual ending
of coal and peat fired electricity generation for market and climate policy reasons.
The latest estimates show that total emissions in the Agriculture sector have increased by 9.5%
from 1990 to 2019 mainly driven by a 16.1% increase in methane emissions from enteric fermentation
and a 21.8% increase in emissions from manure management. After initially showing a rising trend in
emissions in the 1990s, the Agriculture sectoral emissions began to decrease steadily between 1998 until
2011. However, since 2011, emissions have trended upwards again with an overall peak in emissions
reported in 2018. Meanwhile, total fossil fuel combustion emissions from agriculture/forestry/fishing
activities have decreased by 18.3% since 1990. In the last 10 years, dairy cow numbers have increased
by 38.3% with a corresponding milk production increase of 66.9%. This reflects national plans to expand
milk production under Food Wise 2025 and the removal of the milk quota in 2015.
Increased housing stock drove the gradual upward trend in the emissions from the Residential sector
after 1997 following emission reductions in the early 1990s due to fuel switching to reach a peak in 2008.
The 2019 emissions in this sector are 7.3% lower than 2018 levels and are 13.2% lower than their 1990
level, whereas the housing stock increased by 77.7% between 1990 and 2019. Winter heating demand is
the most important variable determining emissions from this sector.
Page 18
Figure 15. GHG Emissions by Gas 1990-2019
80000
70000
1.8%
60000
kilotonnes CO2eq
.1% 11.4%
50000 14.1%
24.5%
40000 25.3%
30000
20000
62.2%
60.5%
10000
0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Year
Carbon dioxide Methane Nitrous Oxide F-Gases (HFCs, PFCs, SF6 and NF3)
Figure 16. Trend in Emissions for Largest Sectors 1990-2019
80000 6.8% 6.1% 5.4% 6.2% 100%

2.4% 3.8%
6.0% 5.5%
70000 7.5% 8.0%
6.7%
7.7%
14.2%
60000 10.3% 10.9%
75%
kilotonnes CO2eq
13.8%
50000 23.7% 21.8% 15.8%

20.8%
40000 50%
20.3%
9.5% 18.6%
30000 15.8%
20000 25%
35.5% 30.6% 31.0% 35.3%
10000
0 0%
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2019
2018
1990 2000 2010 2019
Agriculture Transport Energy Industries Residential

Manufacturing Combustion Industrial Processes Other Sectors
Page 19
7. Conclusion
Greenhouse gas emissions data for 2019 illustrate that when the right measures are taken it can be effective
in reducing emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions decreased by 4.5% in 2019 compared to 2018 despite
modest growth in the domestic economy of 1.7% over the same period3. The reduction in emissions
associated with electricity generation is particularly welcome as it will also allow other sectors to decarbonise
in time, as they increasingly look to electricity as an energy source.
Significant challenges remain however. The emissions savings achieved by not burning coal can only be
realised once, whereas the 2019 Climate Action Plan committed to almost 3% annual emissions reductions
throughout the 2020s, and the more recent Programme for Government has committed to 7% annually over
the same period. Transport emissions fell very slightly in 2019, despite the increase in biofuel blend rates, and
electric vehicle uptake currently remains at a very low level.
In relation to the built-environment, while the fall in Residential emissions can be attributed largely
to a warmer winter, there was also evidence of a further switch away from solid fuels, a trend that is
encouraging. However, the overall emissions per household have remained at a very similar level (allowing
for weather) over the last 5 years, indicating the need for significant further efforts on energy efficiency. The
trend in Commercial and Public services emissions unfortunately didn’t follow the same path as Residential
emissions in 2019 with increases in both sectors.
Agriculture emissions, while decreasing by a not insignificant amount in 2019, did so primarily as a result of
a reduction in fertiliser use and liming, which had both increased significantly in the previous year. There is as
yet no firm indication that the 2019 trend is likely to result in a sustained long term decrease in Agriculture
emissions, particularly given that dairy cow numbers continued to rise in 2019.
Overall, the reduction in emissions in 2019 is a positive step in the right direction, with evidence of a clear
shift away from coal and peat in power generation, something which the operators have committed to
sustaining in the future. 2020 is also likely to see a further reduction in emissions, driven this time by the
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic across all sectors of the economy.
The future challenge for Ireland is therefore to sustain a positive start towards emissions reductions
throughout the 2020’s, with measures that decouple growth in the economy from growth in greenhouse gas
emissions. A ‘green recovery’ from the current recession caused by the pandemic can fundamentally alter
the emissions pathway for Ireland and allow us to achieve our Climate Action Plan and EU targets, while
ensuring Ireland does its part to limit dangerous warming globally.
3 Using the CSO’s Modified Gross National Income (GNI*) measure as emissions are generated by domestic activity.
https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-nie/nie2019/mgni/
Page 20
Appendix – Additional Tables and Background Notes
Table 3. Ireland’s Provisional GHG Emissions by Sector 1990-2019 (kilotonnes CO2 equivalent)
1990-2019 Submission 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Share 2019 Annual
2021 Provisional change
Energy Industries 11327.55 13476.50 16196.99 15899.44 13467.20 12059.64 12888.18 11510.29 11323.89 11948.11 12662.80 11898.66 10632.48 9445.19 15.8% -11.2%
Public electricity and 10953.92 13132.91 15754.35 15244.75 12895.10 11557.10 12350.20 10977.54 10837.73 11400.97 12149.48 11379.09 10110.55 8984.94 15.0% -11.1%
heat production
Petroleum refining 168.67 181.27 274.80 411.87 310.47 285.49 313.64 294.56 279.48 358.73 313.57 311.19 322.19 275.09 0.5% -14.6%
Solid fuels and other 100.54 69.44 87.15 171.89 174.66 137.46 146.29 162.01 134.84 115.75 126.26 129.41 119.33 107.93 0.2% -9.6%
energy industries
Fugitive emissions 104.42 92.87 80.69 70.93 86.96 79.60 78.06 76.18 71.84 72.65 73.49 78.97 80.41 77.22 0.1% -4.0%
Residential 7521.29 6565.09 7046.70 8202.62 8771.98 7590.04 7102.24 6969.01 6143.90 6480.50 6489.74 6428.90 7042.89 6527.18 10.9% -7.3%
Manufacturing 4097.82 4331.30 5479.79 5471.81 4164.50 3689.88 3757.13 3920.63 4179.13 4261.12 4352.26 4461.78 4684.92 4589.20 7.7% -2.0%
Combustion
Commercial Services 994.85 1063.38 1020.17 1010.25 801.88 833.69 859.55 870.93 777.18 856.98 824.79 835.76 875.38 891.48 1.5% 1.8%
Public Services 1115.26 941.82 922.77 886.26 892.83 776.61 819.45 851.24 847.13 860.35 889.24 826.79 877.02 887.34 1.5% 1.2%
Transport 5145.81 6279.57 10796.04 13143.03 11543.53 11232.90 10844.95 11077.87 11361.23 11827.27 12308.28 12026.69 12225.07 12186.56 20.3% -0.3%
Domestic aviation 48.40 45.73 69.64 80.21 49.51 24.65 14.99 15.37 14.69 15.55 16.78 17.45 16.78 17.64 0.0% 5.1%
Road transportation 4789.38 5892.03 10374.07 12562.05 10996.34 10747.58 10375.78 10606.46 10855.51 11329.97 11764.49 11517.80 11677.50 11611.26 19.4% -0.6%
Railways 148.87 124.51 137.65 136.58 136.31 136.52 131.93 131.38 120.53 122.83 125.10 129.14 130.49 136.55 0.2% 4.6%
Domestic navigation 85.77 92.10 152.65 211.19 200.12 173.73 183.60 179.59 224.81 221.73 266.46 235.28 260.23 277.16 0.5% 6.5%
Other transportation 73.39 125.19 62.02 153.00 161.26 150.42 138.66 145.07 145.69 137.19 135.45 127.01 140.07 143.95 0.2% 2.8%
Industrial Processes 3274.57 2990.94 3789.50 2764.70 1463.91 1333.80 1560.24 1478.42 1822.99 2007.26 2150.10 2238.18 2295.13 2259.77 3.8% -1.5%
Mineral industry 1116.73 1084.18 1908.78 2552.80 1299.05 1167.27 1391.97 1301.70 1650.45 1830.36 1968.40 2039.86 2094.55 2057.67 3.4% -1.8%
Chemical industry 1985.55 1754.44 1663.30 NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO

Page 21
Page 22
1990-2019 Submission 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Share 2019 Annual
2021 Provisional change
Metal industry 26.08 24.80 28.80 NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO
Non-energy products 114.87 95.32 154.74 174.95 124.14 125.63 127.28 135.66 131.33 135.45 139.13 155.55 157.61 158.10 0.3% 0.3%
from fuels and solvent
use
Other product 31.34 32.20 33.88 36.96 40.72 40.90 40.99 41.06 41.21 41.44 42.57 42.77 42.98 44.00 0.1% 2.4%
manufacture and use

F-Gases 34.59 226.33 768.66 1201.08 1128.22 1146.06 1122.96 1159.36 1232.21 1235.81 1320.84 1345.21 1160.13 1074.63 1.8% -7.4%
Agriculture 19324.32 21018.34 20919.79 20371.90 19162.07 18485.29 19263.81 20009.83 19466.02 19970.98 20479.43 21178.74 22011.57 21151.24 35.3% -3.9%
Enteric fermentation 10466.07 11085.93 11295.77 11217.33 10554.67 10419.33 11043.03 11144.52 11063.69 11463.66 11789.94 12182.62 12464.64 12151.21 20.3% -2.5%
Manure management 1775.49 1893.62 1950.04 1980.79 1866.88 1863.99 2012.89 2021.01 1978.15 2059.82 2119.88 2181.95 2250.43 2162.07 3.6% -3.9%
Agricultural soils 5812.59 6291.26 6192.74 5747.66 5384.66 4986.00 5174.38 5607.24 5369.97 5402.04 5456.41 5766.29 6066.33 5733.09 9.6% -5.5%
Liming 355.04 494.60 366.38 266.73 427.93 360.68 229.40 515.69 391.07 401.15 433.60 332.75 461.06 344.09 0.6% -25.4%
Urea application 96.68 86.27 91.84 60.81 98.24 70.27 46.35 47.09 54.55 64.27 79.11 83.99 88.76 91.98 0.2% 3.6%
Agriculture/Forestry fuel 730.62 1008.11 909.76 953.63 753.49 721.93 687.92 596.55 534.52 514.94 540.70 560.34 595.84 595.84 1.0% 0.0%
combustion
Fishing 87.85 158.55 113.24 144.94 76.18 63.10 69.85 77.73 74.06 65.11 59.79 70.80 84.51 72.96 0.1% -13.7%
Waste 1552.05 1829.18 1492.77 1291.97 506.19 592.43 517.29 672.62 855.01 936.30 941.61 919.16 891.50 884.68 1.5% -0.8%
Landfills 1318.08 1592.76 1268.16 1007.00 278.65 381.56 302.79 460.97 648.10 726.93 749.56 717.91 692.71 676.88 1.1% -2.3%
Biological treatment of 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.77 20.99 22.91 22.41 22.73 19.30 20.66 19.89 25.64 27.02 27.02 0.0% 0.0%
solid waste
Incineration and open 97.74 100.59 79.51 132.48 62.09 45.00 48.32 45.16 41.68 42.43 25.04 27.46 23.91 32.53 0.1% 36.1%
burning of waste
Wastewater treatment 136.24 135.83 145.10 138.72 144.46 142.96 143.77 143.76 145.93 146.29 147.12 148.15 147.87 148.26 0.2% 0.3%
and discharge
National Total 54388.13 58722.44 68433.18 70243.05 61902.31 57740.34 58735.81 58520.21 58008.69 60384.68 62419.11 62159.87 62696.09 59897.27 100.0% -4.5%
Background Notes
Units: 1 Mt = 1,000 kilotonnes
CO2 Equivalent: greenhouse gases other than CO2 (i.e. methane, nitrous oxide and F-gases)
may be converted to CO2 equivalent using their global warming potentials (GWPs).
F-gases: These gases comprise HFCs (Hydroflurocarbons), PFCs (Perfluorcarbons), SF6 (Sulphur Hexafluoride)
and NF3 (Nitrogen Trifluoride). They are much more potent than the naturally occurring greenhouse gas
emissions (carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide).
GWPs:
Industrial designation or common Chemical GWP for 100-year time horizon
name formula IPCC 4th assessment report (AR4)
Carbon dioxide CO2 1
Methane CH4 25
Nitrous oxide N2O 298
Hydrofluorocarbons HFCs 12 to 14,800
Perfluorinated compounds PFCs 7,390 to >17,340
Sulphur hexafluoride SF6 22,800
Nitrogen trifluoride NF3 17,200
Ireland’s GHG Sectors: include the following ten sectors for analysis;
1. Energy Industries (electricity generation, waste to energy incineration, oil refining,

briquetting manufacture and fugitive emissions)
2. Residential (combustion for domestic space and hot water heating)
3. Manufacturing Combustion (combustion of fuels for heating, steam generation
and powering machinery)
4. Commercial Services (combustion for Commercial Services space and hot water heating)
5. Public Services (combustion for Public services space and hot water heating)
6. Transport (combustion of fuel used in road, rail, navigation, domestic aviation and pipeline
gas transport)
7. Industrial Processes (process emissions from mineral, chemical, metal industries, non-energy products
and solvents)
8. F-Gases (gases used in refrigeration, air conditioning and semiconductor manufacture)
9. Agriculture (emissions from fertiliser application, ruminant digestion, manure management,
agricultural soils and fuel used in agriculture/forestry/fishing)
10. Waste (emissions from solid waste disposal on land, solid waste treatment (composting),
wastewater treatment, waste incineration and open burning of waste).
Page 23
Page 24
An Ghníomhaireacht Um Chaomhnú Comhshaoil
Tá an GCC freagrach as an gcomhshaol a chosaint agus a fheabhsú, • Tacú le gníomhaíochtaí forbartha Náisiúnta, AE agus NA um
mar shócmhainn luachmhar do mhuintir na hÉireann. Táimid Eolaíocht agus Beartas Aeráide.
tiomanta do dhaoine agus don chomhshaol a chosaint ar thionchar
díobhálach na radaíochta agus an truaillithe. MONATÓIREACHT & MEASÚNÚ AR AN GCOMHSHAOL
Is féidir obair na Gníomhaireachta a roinnt ina trí phríomhréimse: • Córais náisiúnta um monatóireacht an chomhshaoil a
cheapadh agus a chur i bhfeidhm: teicneolaíocht, bainistíocht
• Rialáil: Rialáil agus córais chomhlíonta comhshaoil sonraí, anailís agus réamhaisnéisiú;
éifeachtacha a chur i bhfeidhm, chun dea-thorthaí comhshaoil
a bhaint amach agus díriú orthu siúd nach mbíonn ag cloí leo. • Tuairiscí ar Staid Thimpeallacht na hÉireann agus ar Tháscairí a
chur ar fáil;
• Eolas: Sonraí, eolas agus measúnú ardchaighdeáin,
spriocdhírithe agus tráthúil a chur ar fáil i leith an chomhshaoil • Monatóireacht a dhéanamh ar chaighdeán an aeir agus
chun bonn eolais a chur faoin gcinnteoireacht. Treoir an AE i leith Aeir Ghlain don Eoraip a chur i bhfeidhm
chomh maith leis an gCoinbhinsiún ar Aerthruailliú Fadraoin
• Abhcóideacht: Ag obair le daoine eile ar son timpeallachta Trasteorann, agus an Treoir i leith na Teorann Náisiúnta
glaine, táirgiúla agus dea-chosanta agus ar son cleachtas Astaíochtaí;
inbhuanaithe i dtaobh an chomhshaoil.
• Maoirseacht a dhéanamh ar chur i bhfeidhm na Treorach i
leith Torainn Timpeallachta;
I measc ár gcuid freagrachtaí tá: • Measúnú a dhéanamh ar thionchar pleananna agus clár
beartaithe ar chomhshaol na hÉireann.
CEADÚNÚ
• Gníomhaíochtaí tionscail, dramhaíola agus stórála peitril ar TAIGHDE AGUS FORBAIRT COMHSHAOIL
scála mór; • Comhordú a dhéanamh ar ghníomhaíochtaí taighde
• Sceitheadh fuíolluisce uirbigh; comhshaoil agus iad a mhaoiniú chun brú a aithint, bonn
eolais a chur faoin mbeartas agus réitigh a chur ar fáil;
• Úsáid shrianta agus scaoileadh rialaithe Orgánach
Géinmhodhnaithe; • Comhoibriú le gníomhaíocht náisiúnta agus AE um thaighde
comhshaoil.
• Foinsí radaíochta ianúcháin;
• Astaíochtaí gás ceaptha teasa ó thionscal agus ón eitlíocht trí COSAINT RAIDEOLAÍOCH
Scéim an AE um Thrádáil Astaíochtaí. • Monatóireacht a dhéanamh ar leibhéil radaíochta agus
nochtadh an phobail do radaíocht ianúcháin agus do réimsí
FORFHEIDHMIÚ NÁISIÚNTA I LEITH CÚRSAÍ COMHSHAOIL leictreamaighnéadacha a mheas;
• Iniúchadh agus cigireacht ar shaoráidí a bhfuil ceadúnas acu • Cabhrú le pleananna náisiúnta a fhorbairt le haghaidh
ón GCC; éigeandálaí ag eascairt as taismí núicléacha;
• Cur i bhfeidhm an dea-chleachtais a stiúradh i • Monatóireacht a dhéanamh ar fhorbairtí thar lear a
ngníomhaíochtaí agus i saoráidí rialáilte; bhaineann le saoráidí núicléacha agus leis an tsábháilteacht
• Maoirseacht a dhéanamh ar fhreagrachtaí an údaráis áitiúil as raideolaíochta;
cosaint an chomhshaoil; • Sainseirbhísí um chosaint ar an radaíocht a sholáthar, nó
• Caighdeán an uisce óil phoiblí a rialáil agus údaruithe um maoirsiú a dhéanamh ar sholáthar na seirbhísí sin.
sceitheadh fuíolluisce uirbigh a fhorfheidhmiú
• Caighdeán an uisce óil phoiblí agus phríobháidigh a mheasúnú TREOIR, ARDÚ FEASACHTA AGUS FAISNÉIS INROCHTANA
agus tuairisciú air; • Tuairisciú, comhairle agus treoir neamhspleách, fianaise-
bhunaithe a chur ar fáil don Rialtas, don tionscal agus
• Comhordú a dhéanamh ar líonra d’eagraíochtaí seirbhíse don phobal ar ábhair maidir le cosaint comhshaoil agus
poiblí chun tacú le gníomhú i gcoinne coireachta comhshaoil; raideolaíoch;
• An dlí a chur orthu siúd a bhriseann dlí an chomhshaoil agus a • An nasc idir sláinte agus folláine, an geilleagar agus
dhéanann dochar don chomhshaol. timpeallacht ghlan a chur chun cinn;
BAINISTÍOCHT DRAMHAÍOLA AGUS CEIMICEÁIN SA • Feasacht comhshaoil a chur chun cinn lena n-áirítear tacú
CHOMHSHAOL le hiompraíocht um éifeachtúlacht acmhainní agus aistriú
aeráide;
• Rialacháin dramhaíola a chur i bhfeidhm agus a fhorfheidhmiú
lena n-áirítear saincheisteanna forfheidhmithe náisiúnta; • Tástáil radóin a chur chun cinn i dtithe agus in ionaid oibre
agus feabhsúchán a mholadh áit is gá.
• Staitisticí dramhaíola náisiúnta a ullmhú agus a fhoilsiú chomh
maith leis an bPlean Náisiúnta um Bainistíocht Dramhaíola COMHPHÁIRTÍOCHT AGUS LÍONRÚ
Guaisí;
Oibriú le gníomhaireachtaí idirnáisiúnta agus náisiúnta,
• An Clár Náisiúnta um Chosc Dramhaíola a fhorbairt agus a údaráis réigiúnacha agus áitiúla, eagraíochtaí neamhrialtais,
chur i bhfeidhm; comhlachtaí ionadaíocha agus ranna rialtais chun cosaint
• Reachtaíocht ar rialú ceimiceán sa timpeallacht a chur i chomhshaoil agus raideolaíoch a chur ar fáil, chomh maith
bhfeidhm agus tuairisciú ar an reachtaíocht sin. le taighde, comhordú agus cinnteoireacht bunaithe ar an
eolaíocht.
BAINISTÍOCHT UISCE
• Plé le struchtúir náisiúnta agus réigiúnacha rialachais agus
BAINISTÍOCHT AGUS STRUCHTÚR NA GNÍOMHAIREACHTA UM
oibriúcháin chun an Chreat-treoir Uisce a chur i bhfeidhm; CHAOMHNÚ COMHSHAOIL
• Monatóireacht, measúnú agus tuairisciú a dhéanamh ar Tá an GCC á bainistiú ag Bord lánaimseartha, ar a bhfuil Ard-Stiúrthóir agus
chaighdeán aibhneacha, lochanna, uiscí idirchreasa agus cósta, cúigear Stiúrthóir. Déantar an obair ar fud cúig cinn d’Oifigí:
uiscí snámha agus screamhuisce chomh maith le tomhas ar • An Oifig um Inbhunaitheacht i leith Cúrsaí Comhshaoil
leibhéil uisce agus sreabhadh abhann.
• An Oifig Forfheidhmithe i leith Cúrsaí Comhshaoil
EOLAÍOCHT AERÁIDE & ATHRÚ AERÁIDE • An Oifig um Fhianaise agus Measúnú
• Fardail agus réamh-mheastacháin a fhoilsiú um astaíochtaí gás • An Oifig um Chosaint ar Radaíocht agus Monatóireacht
ceaptha teasa na hÉireann; Comhshaoil
• Rúnaíocht a chur ar fáil don Chomhairle Chomhairleach • An Oifig Cumarsáide agus Seirbhísí Corparáideacha
ar Athrú Aeráide agus tacaíocht a thabhairt don Idirphlé
Náisiúnta ar Ghníomhú ar son na hAeráide; Tugann coistí comhairleacha cabhair don Ghníomhaireacht agus
tagann siad le chéile go rialta le plé a dhéanamh ar ábhair imní
agus le comhairle a chur ar an mBord.

EPA Prov - GHG Inventory Report 1990 2019 - Final

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EPA Prov - GHG Inventory Report 1990 2019 - Final

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Ireland’s Provisional 1990-2019

Greenhouse Gas November 2020

LICENSING • Oversee the implementation of the Environmental Noise

The EPA is assisted by advisory committees who meet regularly

2. Ireland’s Provisional Greenhouse Gas Emissions in 2019 4

3. Compliance with EU and international commitments 6

4 Greenhouse gas emissions by sector 8

5. International Aviation and Navigation 17

6. Long-term Changes in Sectoral Emissions 1990-2019 18

Appendix – Additional Tables and Background Notes 21

Environmental Protection Agency

Agriculture emissions decreased by 3.9% or 0.86 Mt CO2eq in 2019, driven by

Environmental Protection Agency

Environmental Protection Agency

2. Ireland’s Provisional Greenhouse

Figure 1. Inter annual changes in GHG emissions 1990-2019

3.00 2.58 2.38

Inter annual change

Environmental Protection Agency

Figure 2. Profile of GHG Emissions in 1990 and 2019 by Sector

Year 1990 Year 2019

Methodology changes in the 1990-2019 Inventory

Environmental Protection Agency

B NF3 emissions 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.0

E CO2 emissions from 1.A.3.a. 10 9 10 10 17 17 18 0.0

Environmental Protection Agency

Figure 3. Compliance with ESD Targets 2013-2020

ESD Emissions ETS Emissions EU AEAs 2013-2020

Environmental Protection Agency

4. Greenhouse gas emissions by sector

Environmental Protection Agency

Nitrous Oxide emissions originate from Manure

Carbon dioxide emissions originate from Liming,

Figure 5. Trend in Agriculture 1990-2019

Environmental Protection Agency

Figure 6. Trend in Transport 1990-2019

Environmental Protection Agency

4.3 Energy Industries

Figure 7. Trend in Energy Industries 1990-2019

Environmental Protection Agency

Figure 8. Trend in Residential 1990-2019

Million Tonnes CO2eq

Environmental Protection Agency

Figure 9. CO2 Emissions per Household 1990-2019

1.2m 4.3 5.0

4.5 Manufacturing and Industry

Environmental Protection Agency

Figure 10. Trend in Manufacturing Combustion 1990-2019

Figure 11. Trend in Industrial Processes 1990-2019

Environmental Protection Agency

4.6 Other Sectors

Commercial and Public Services

Figure 12. Trend in Waste 1990-2019

Environmental Protection Agency

Fluorinated Gas Emissions

Figure 13. Composition and Trend in F-Gas Emissions 1990-2019

Environmental Protection Agency

2. Ireland’s Provisional Greenhouse Gas Emissions in 2019 4

3. Compliance with EU and international commitments 6

4 Greenhouse gas emissions by sector 8

5. International Aviation and Navigation 17

6. Long-term Changes in Sectoral Emissions 1990-2019 18

Appendix – Additional Tables and Background Notes 21

2. Ireland’s Provisional Greenhouse