 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


EF

٢٤٢
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
  EF  


 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،  
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 ?  ? EF ‫א‬   ? ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ?  
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬      
    ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
  EF  


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،K، ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
?‫א‬?W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،?
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

EF 

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

١
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
(Power Supply)‫א‬
(Set Point Generator)‫א‬
(First Order Controlled Unit)‫א‬‫א‬
(Second Order Controlled Unit)‫א‬‫א‬
(Comparator)
(Summing Junction)
(Two Position Controller)
(P Controller)
(I Controller)
(D Controller)
‫א‬
(chart (Chart ‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
 (Oscilloscope)‫א‬،Recorder)

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W o
‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
‫א‬

-١-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


‫א‬‫א‬ o

‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(Power Supply)‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

(Set Point Generator)‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

(First Order Controlled Unit)‫א‬‫א‬

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

(Second Order Controlled Unit)‫א‬‫א‬

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

-٢-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK


(Comparator)
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

(Summing Junction)
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

(Two Position Controller)

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

-٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


(P Controller)
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

(I Controller)
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

(D Controller)
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

-٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


(chart (Chart ‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F

 Recorder
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

-٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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EF 
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‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
(Power Supply)‫א‬
(Set Point Generator)‫א‬
(First Order Controlled Unit)‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
(Chart ‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
(Oscilloscope)‫א‬،Recorder)

‫א‬
‫إﻟﻰ ﺟﻬﺎز‬
‫اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫وﺣﺪة ﻣﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ‬

‫א‬‫א‬١J ٢‫א‬

-٦-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١J ٢‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

 yss=
‫א‬ o
y
G = ss =
E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
y (τ ) = 0.63 y ss =
‫א‬‫א‬ o
 τ=

‫א‬‫א‬
ts‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ts=


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


-٧-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


 ٤τ  ٣τ  ٢τ τ  ‫א‬
     ‫א‬

‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

 ‫א‬

-٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

EF
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

٣
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
(Power Supply)‫א‬
(Set Point Generator)‫א‬
(Second Order Controlled Unit)‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
(Plotter)‫א‬WE
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
(Oscilloscope)‫א‬،(Chart Recorder)

 ‫א‬
‫إﻟﻰ ﺟﻬﺎز‬
‫اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫وﺣﺪة ﻣﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫א‬‫א‬١J ٣‫א‬

-٩-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١J ٣‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬

‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 yss=
‫א‬ o
y
G = ss =
E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ess=
ts‫א‬‫א‬
 ts=





-١٠-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

 ‫א‬

-١١-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

EF 

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

٤
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  
 


‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F









-١٢-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  
 


‫א‬
‫إﻟﻰ ﺟﻬﺎز‬
‫اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬
‫اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١J ٤‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١J ٤‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 yss=
‫א‬ o
y
G = ss =
E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ess=
ts‫א‬‫א‬
 ts=
-١٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  
 


 
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK


 ‫א‬

-١٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

EF 

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

٥
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F










-١٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

‫א‬
‫إﻟﻰ ﺟﻬﺎز‬
‫اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎآﻢ ذي‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬
‫اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ‬

‫א‬‫א‬١J ٥‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١J ٥‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
EH٠{١EE   ‫א‬
E ٠{١EE ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
-١٦-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

E E ‫א‬ EH٠{١EE 

  ‫א‬
٠{١E

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK








-١٧-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK


 ‫א‬


 ‫א‬١

-١٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

EF 
 

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

٦
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬، ‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F

‫א‬
‫إﻟﻰ ﺟﻬﺎز‬
‫اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎآﻢ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬
‫اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ‬

‫א‬‫א‬١J ٦‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١J ٦‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-١٩-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬
١J ٦‫א‬،Kp ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٥ s 

 W١J ٦
 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ١J ٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٢J ٦‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


 ٢J ٦
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬ EF‫א‬ EF‫א‬ ‫א‬

   ‫א‬

   E= Kp=

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤‫א‬F‫א‬
 EKp‫א‬

-٢٠-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬٣J ٦
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٣J ٦

 ‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬ EF‫א‬ EF‫א‬ ‫א‬

 ‫א‬

    Kp١=

    Kp٢=

     Kp٣=

    Kp٤=


 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
 ______________________________________________________________________

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
 _____________________________________________________________

 ‫؟‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
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-٢١-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

EF
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

٧
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬، ‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F

‫א‬
‫إﻟﻰ ﺟﻬﺎز‬
‫اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎآﻢ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻠﻲ‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬
‫اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ‬

‫א‬‫א‬١J ٧‫א‬




-٢٢-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١J ٧‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬
١J ٧‫א‬،Ki  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٥ s 

 W١J ٧
 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ١J ٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٢J ٧‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢J ٧
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬ EF‫א‬ EF‫א‬

 

   E=

‫א‬FK ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EKi‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
-٢٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W٪١٠±‫א‬
Delay Time: Td =  ‫א‬
Rise Time: Tr =  ‫א‬
Rise Rate: R =  ‫א‬
Buildup Time: TB =  ‫א‬
Settling Time: Ts=  ‫א‬‫א‬
Maximum Overshoot: Vm=  ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬Ki ‫א‬‫א‬
Delay Time Td ‫א‬ o
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 _____________________________________________________________

 Rise Time TR ‫א‬ o

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 ____________________________________________________________

 Rise Rate R‫א‬ o

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 _______________________________________________________

 Buildup Time TB‫א‬ o

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

-٢٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

Settling Time Ts‫א‬‫א‬ o

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Maximum Overshoot Vm‫א‬‫א‬ o

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 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
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 ______________________________________________________________

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
________________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________________________
 ______________________________________________________________

-٢٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<í‰ ‰ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

EF 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٨
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


 W‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F









-٢٦-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


‫א‬


‫ﺣﺎآﻢ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ‬
‫إﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺎز‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺎآﻢ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻠﻲ‬

‫ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ‬١-٨ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١J ٨‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬
Ki‫א‬‫א‬،Kp‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١J ٨‫א‬
‫א‬٥ s ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

-٢٧-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


 W١J ٨
 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ١J ٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٢J ٨‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢J ٨
 ‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬ EF‫א‬  EF‫א‬
   E=

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Kp‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬FK ‫א‬‫א‬
EKi‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ki‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FK‫א‬‫א‬
 E Kp‫א‬


-٢٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W٪١٠±‫א‬
Delay Time: Td =  ‫א‬
Rise Time: Tr =  ‫א‬
Rise Rate: R =  ‫א‬
Buildup Time: TB =  ‫א‬
Settling Time: Ts=  ‫א‬‫א‬
Maximum Overshoot: Vm=  ‫א‬‫א‬

Ki ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
Delay Time Td ‫א‬ o
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 _________________________________________________________________________________________

 ‫א‬ o
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 _________________________________________________________________________________________


 Rise Rate R‫א‬ o

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
-٢٩-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


 Buildup Time TB‫א‬ o

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 _________________________________________________________

Settling Time Ts‫א‬‫א‬ o

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Maximum Overshoot Vm‫א‬‫א‬ o

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 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
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 _________________________________________________________________________________________

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 _________________________________________________________________

-٣٠-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

EF 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٩
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F









-٣١-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

‫א‬


‫ﺣﺎآﻢ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻴﻲ‬

‫إﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺎز‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫وﺣﺪة‬
‫اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ‬

‫ﺣﺎآﻢ ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻠﻲ‬

‫א‬‫א‬١J ٩‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١J ٩‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬
Kd‫א‬‫א‬،Kp‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١J ٩‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٥ s 


-٣٢-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 ١J ٩
 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ١J ٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٢J ٩‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢J ٩
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬ EF‫א‬ EF‫א‬

 

   E=

‫א‬Kd‫א‬‫א‬Kp‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬Kp‫א‬‫א‬Kd‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬




-٣٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W٪١٠±‫א‬
Delay Time: Td =  ‫א‬
Rise Time: Tr =  ‫א‬
Rise Rate: R =  ‫א‬
Buildup Time: TB =  ‫א‬
Settling Time: Ts=  ‫א‬‫א‬
Maximum Overshoot: Vm=  ‫א‬‫א‬

Kd ‫א‬‫א‬Kp‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
Delay Time Td ‫א‬ o
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 _____________________________________________________________

 Rise Time TR ‫א‬ o

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 ____________________________________________________________

 Rise Rate R‫א‬ o

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 _______________________________________________________

-٣٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 Buildup Time TB‫א‬ o

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 ________________________________________________________

Settling Time Ts‫א‬‫א‬ o

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Maximum Overshoot Vm‫א‬‫א‬ o

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 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
________________________________________________________________________________
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 ________________________________________________________________

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
 ______________________________________________________________

-٣٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

EF 
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٠
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F









-٣٦-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

‫א‬

‫ﺣﺎآﻢ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻴﻲ‬

‫إﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺎز‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﺣﺎآﻢ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻴﻲ‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬
‫اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ‬

‫ﺣﺎآﻢ ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻠﻲ‬

‫א‬‫א‬١J ١٠‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١J ١٠‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬
Ki‫א‬‫א‬،Kp‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١J ١٠‫א‬Kd‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٥ s ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬


-٣٧-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 ١J ١٠
 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬

 ١J ١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٢J ١٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢J ١٠
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬ EF‫א‬ EF‫א‬

 

   E=

‫א‬ Ki‫א‬‫א‬Kp‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Kd‫א‬
‫א‬Kd‫א‬‫א‬Kp‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ki‫א‬
‫א‬ Kd‫א‬‫א‬Ki‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Kp‫א‬

-٣٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  


‫א‬Ki‫א‬‫א‬Kp‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬Kd ‫א‬
Delay Time Td ‫א‬ o
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 ______________________________________________________________

 Rise Time TR ‫א‬ o

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 _____________________________________________________________

 Rise Rate R‫א‬ o

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 _________________________________________________________

 Buildup Time TB‫א‬ o

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 _________________________________________________________

Settling Time Ts‫א‬‫א‬ o

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Maximum Overshoot Vm‫א‬‫א‬ o

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-٣٩-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
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 ______________________________________________________________

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
__________________________________________________________________________________
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 ___________________________________________________________

-٤٠-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

EF 

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

١١
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  
  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
٠ ٢٠ psi‫א‬
±١٥ V 
٤ ٢٠mA
‫א‬
‫א‬
I/P


٠ ٢٠ psi‫א‬

‫א‬

‫ﻣﺤﺎآﻲ ﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ A
‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬
٤-٢٠mA ٤-
٣-١٥psi

‫א‬‫א‬١J ١١‫א‬

-٤٢-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  
  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬١J ١١‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١J ١١‫א‬‫א‬٪٢٠mA٤mA‫א‬
 ٢J ١١‫א‬‫א‬
 ١J ١١
٢٠ mA ١٦ mA ١٢ mA ٨ mA ٤mA (mA)‫א‬

     ‫א‬٪

 ٢J ١١
٢٠ mA ١٦ mA ١٢ mA ٨ mA ٤mA (mA)‫א‬

     (psi)

‫א‬‫א‬٪‫א‬١J ١١‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٤J ١١‫א‬٣J ١١‫א‬
 ٣J ١١
٢٠ mA ١٦ mA ١٢ mA ٨ mA ٤mA (mA)‫א‬

     ‫א‬٪

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  
  

 ٤J ١١
٢٠ mA ١٦ mA ١٢ mA ٨ mA ٤mA (mA)‫א‬

     (psi)


‫א‬‫א‬٪‫א‬٢J ١١‫א‬




٢J ١١١J ١١‫א‬
،٩mA،٦mAW ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪
١٨mA
،٩mA،٦mAW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪
١٨mA
‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

-٤٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

EF 

‫א‬
 ‫א‬

١٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF  
 

 W‫א‬‫ א‬١J ١٢
W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •

 W‫א‬‫ א‬٢J ١٢
٠ ٢٠ psi‫א‬ •
±١٥ V  •
٤ ٢٠mA •
‫א‬ •
I/P •
 •
 •
‫א‬ •

‫א‬ ٣J ١٢

‫ﻣﺤﺎآﻲ ﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ A
‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬
٤-٢٠mA ٤-
٣-١٥psi

Flow out
Flow in

‫א‬‫א‬١J ١٢‫א‬

-٤٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF  
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ •
 ١J ١٢‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬
١J ١٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬
 ١J ١٢
١٠٠٪ ٨٠٪ ٦٠٪ ٤٠٪ ٢٠٪ ١٠٪ ‫ ﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ اﻟﺼﻤﺎم‬%
‫ﻣﻌﺪل اﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ‬

٪F‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١J ١٢ •
E‫א‬

 ٤J ١٢
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬١J ١٢‫א‬ •
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
E‫א‬‫א‬
٢J ١٢١J ١٢‫א‬ •
٧٠٪،٥٠٪،٣٠٪‫א‬٪‫א‬ •
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ •





-٤٦-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF  
 

‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ اﻟﺼﻤﺎم‬

(mA) ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬

٢J ١٢ ‫א‬

-٤٧-
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬٢٤٢  ‫א‬
  EF  


 ‫א‬

 ١  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٩  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٢  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٥  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٩  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٢  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٦  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣١  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٦  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٢  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٥  ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

GOTEVOT appreciates the financial support provided by BAE SYSTEMS