32 00 00 EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

32 01 16 Flexible Paving Rehabilitation

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) cold milling …… square meter.
2. The items shall include for:
a) re-shaping and rolling;
b) shaping to cambers, falls and crowns;
c) multiple handling of material;
d) loading into transport;
e) disposal of material;
f) working around drainage channels, chamber covers, gully gratings, expansion
joints and the like;
g) ramps;
h) removing road studs not required for re-use;
i) surface preparation and cleaning;
j) cutting out and removal of material by other means;
k) water supply and damping down;
l) electronic detection sweep, referencing and reports.

32 01 17 Flexible Paving Repair

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) sealing cracks …… item.
b) Geogrid…… square meter
2. The items shall include for:
a) Cleaning, trimming, regulating and preparing surfaces;
b) drying;
c) disposal of material;
d) priming;
e) bond-breaker tape;
f) recording details.
g) laps;
h) measures to protect material;
i) cutting, jointing, sealing and fixing;
j) securing material in place;
k) complying with the requirements of strengthened earthworks.

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 32 11 16 Subbase Courses

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) existing granular base compaction …… square meter.
b) subbase courses …… cubic meter.
2. The items shall include for:
3. trial areas and trials;
4. making good after sampling and testing;
5. protection of material in transit and while awaiting tipping;
6. grading, measuring, mixing and depositing materials;
7. spreading and compaction;
8. cleaning, preparing and working on or up to existing surfaces and features;
9. curing and protection;
10. edge support;
11. maintenance of surface;
12. induced cracking;
13. taking measures to protect the subgrade and sub-base from deterioration due to the
ingress of water and the use of constructional plant;
14. taking measures to improve the sub-base to protect the sub-base and subgrade from
damage due to the Contractor’s method of construction and choice of constructional plant;
15. shaping to cambers, falls and crowns.

32 11 23 Aggregate Base Courses

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) base course …… cubic meter.
2. For item coverage, refer to 32 11 16 Subbase Courses.

32 11 36 Concrete Base Course

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) base course …… cubic meter.
2. The items shall include for:
a) trial areas and trials;
b) making good after sampling and testing;
c) protection of material in transit and while awaiting tipping;
d) designing and verifying mixes;
e) grading, measuring, reclaiming, mixing and depositing materials;
f) air entrainment;

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 g) spreading and compaction;
h) cutting back, saw cutting, cleaning, preparing and working on or up to existing
surfaces and features;
i) edge support;
j) waterproof and separation membranes;
k) surface texturing;
l) formwork;
m) making joints;
n) forming or sawing grooves, cleaning, grit blasting, priming, caulking, temporary
and permanent sealing of joints;
o) shaping to cambers, falls and crowns;
p) forming sockets, recesses, openings, and bays;
q) curing and protection;
r) protection and masking and unmasking of curbs, drainage channels, chamber
covers, gully gratings, expansion joints, and the like;
s) maintenance of surface;
t) taking measures to protect and maintain the pavement from deterioration by the
use of constructional plant and the ingress of water and other materials;
u) anchorages including excavation and disposal, steel beams, ground beams and
thickening of slab;
v) measures required for aftercare and opening the road to traffic;
w) protective system to steel beams;
x) admixtures and additives;
y) bond-breaker tape.

32 12 13 Preparatory Coats

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) tack coat …… square meter.
b) prime coat …… square meter.
2. The items shall include for:
a) trial areas and trials;
b) making good after sampling and testing;
c) designing and verifying mixes;
d) grading, measuring, mixing and depositing materials;
e) making joints;
f) cleaning surfaces;

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 g) protection and masking and unmasking of curbs, drainage channels, chamber
covers, gully gratings, expansion joints, road studs, road markings and the like and
obtaining clean markings;
h) cutting back, preparing and working on or up to adjacent faces, surfaces and
features;
i) admixtures and additives.

32 12 15 Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) for Airfields

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) HMA base …… cubic meter.
b) HMA binder …… cubic meter.
c) HMA wearing course …… cubic meter.
2. The items shall include for:
a) trial areas and trials;
b) making good after sampling and testing;
c) protection of material in transit and while awaiting tipping;
d) designing and verifying mixes;
e) grading, measuring, reclaiming, mixing and depositing materials;
f) spreading and compaction;
g) cutting back, saw cutting, cleaning, preparing and working on or up to existing
surfaces and features;
h) edge support;
i) waterproof and separation membranes;
j) chippings;
k) surface texturing;
l) formwork;
m) making joints;
n) forming or sawing grooves, cleaning, grit blasting, priming, caulking, temporary
and permanent sealing of joints;
o) shaping to cambers, falls and crowns;
p) forming sockets, recesses, openings, and bays;
q) protection and masking and unmasking of curbs, drainage channels, chamber
covers, gully gratings, expansion joints, and the like;
r) maintenance of surface;
s) taking measures to protect and maintain the pavement from deterioration by the
use of constructional plant and the ingress of water and other materials;
t) measures required for aftercare and opening the road to traffic;

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 u) slurry sealing, surface dressing, bituminous spray, resin based treatment and tack
coat forming integral parts of the pavement;
v) admixtures and additives;
w) saw cutting and sealing bituminous overlays;
x) bond-breaker tape.

32 12 16 Asphalt Paving

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) binder course …… square meter.
b) surface course …… square meter.
2. For item coverage, refer to 32 12 15 Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) for Airfields.

32 12 23 Aggregate base courses

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) Agregate base course…… cubic meter.
2. The items shall include for:
a) trial areas and trials;
b) making good after sampling and testing;
c) protection of material in transit and while awaiting tipping;
d) grading, measuring, mixing and depositing materials;
e) spreading and compaction;
f) cleaning, preparing and working on or up to existing surfaces and features;
g) curing and protection;
h) edge support;
i) maintenance of surface;
j) induced cracking;
k) taking measures to protect the subgrade and sub-base from deterioration due to
the ingress of water and the use of constructional plant;
l) taking measures to improve the sub-base to protect the sub-base and subgrade
from damage due to the Contractor’s method of construction and choice of
constructional plant;
m) shaping to cambers, falls and crowns.

32 13 13 Concrete Paving

3. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) concrete paving …… cubic meter.
4. For item coverage, refer to 32 11 36 Concrete Base Course.

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 32 16 13 Curbs and Gutters

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) Precast concrete curb …… linear meter.
2. Concrete edges are given separately, stating the dimensions or type.
3. The items shall include for:
a) excavation in any material whatsoever encountered;
b) backfilling and disposal of surplus excavated material;
c) concrete foundations and haunching including reinforcement and formwork;
d) bedding and jointing;
e) ends, angles and intersections including special units;
f) cutting;
g) curved work to any radius.
h) trial mixes;
i) making good after sampling and testing;
j) keying of surfaces and tack coats;
k) gratings, frames, bedding and seatings;
l) tie bars;
m) drainage holes or pipes through concrete;
n) quadrants, dropper curbs and other special curb units;
o) edge support;
p) drainage layer;
q) additional pavement material below channels;
r) backfilling and compaction;
s) special units and fittings;
t) connections to chambers;
u) reinstatement of surfaces.

32 16 23 Sidewalk

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) Precast concrete paving blocks …… square meter.
b) Insulating sidewalk …… number.
c) granitic slab paving …… square meter.
2. The items shall include for:
a) edge support;
b) laying and compacting sand bed;
c) laying, bedding and compacting slabs or blocks, including all cutting;

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 d) laying to levels and falls;
e) filling and compacting joints;
f) mortar or concrete seal against abutting surfaces;
g) removing and replacing damaged units;
h) taking measures to prevent the ingress of water during laying, bedding and
compaction;
i) protection of formation.

32 17 23 Pavement Markings

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) areas …… square meter.
b) symbols …… square meter.
c) continuous line …… square meter.
d) marking …… square meter.
e) Marking removal …… square meter.
2. Marking is given in square meters for painted area only (excluding gaps).
3. The items shall include for:
a) setting out;
b) preparatory work;
c) cleaning, brushing and drying surfaces;
a) application, spraying, protection of road paint and marking, including the
incorporation of specified reflecting medium;
b) thinners, primers and tack coats;
c) furnishing all materials, labor, equipment, tools, supplies and all other items
necessary for the proper completion of work.

32 31 26 Wire Fences and Gates

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) fence …… linear meter.
b) wall …… square meter.
c) doors …… number.
2. The items shall include for:
a) excavation of in any material;
b) trimming ground on the line of the fencing;
c) concrete;
d) formwork;
e) reinforcement;

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 f) backfilling and compaction;
g) disposal of material;
h) fixings and fittings;
i) joining to existing fencing, gates, hedges and walls;
j) protective system;
k) inspection and maintenance of fencing and gates;
l) erection and removal of temporary fencing and gates;
m) additional posts and rails over ditches;
n) additional posts, stakes and ground anchors;
o) inspection of existing fencing and reports;
p) pegging, bending, turning and cutting mesh;
q) patrolling.
3. For additional item coverage for Walling, refer to 04 22 00 Concrete Unit Masonry.

32 84 13 Drip Irrigation

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) PVC pipes …… linear meter.
b) polyethylene tubing …… linear meter.
c) ball valves …… number.
d) control kit …… number.
e) drip emitter …… number.
2. The items shall include for:
a) excavation in any material;
b) pipes and fittings;
c) cutting, laying, jointing and bedding;
d) bedding, haunching and surrounding;
e) backfilling and compaction;
f) disposal of material;
g) reinstatement of unpaved areas;
h) checking and cleaning;
i) recording, staking and labeling;
j) surveys and recordings.

32 84 23 Underground Sprinkler Irrigation System

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) PVC pipe …… linear meter.
b) coupler …… number.

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 c) ball valves …… number.
d) sprayer …… number.
e) sprinkler …… number.
f) fertilizer injection unit …… number.
g) screen filters …… number.
2. For item coverage, refer to 32 84 13 Drip Irrigation.

32 91 13 Soil Preparation

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) Soil preparation with stone mulch filling …… square meter.
2. The items shall include for:
a) preparation;
b) spreading and leveling;
c) working in and around plants;
d) hollowing out;
e) placing around plants;
f) securing edges;
g) lapping and joints;
h) pegging;
i) stapling;
j) disposal of material;
k) inspections.

32 92 00 Turf and Grasses

1. The unit of measurement shall be:

a) grass 2 litter pots …… square meter.
2. The items shall include for:
a) establishment cutting;
b) reseeding;
c) importing turf;
d) removal of turf from stockpile;
e) pegging and pinning of turfs;
f) laying, levelling, infilling, bonding, cutting, tamping and dressing;
g) temporary removal and replacement of seats, litter bins and the like;
h) herbicide;
i) marking out and awaiting approval;
j) raking;

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