Fluid Mechanics

Quiz 1 (July-Nov 2020)

(Hints: Sketch Control Volume with Pressure and Velocity Diagram before applying
any conservation formula)
Full Marks: 25 X 4 =100
1. A large turbine in figure given below diverts the river flow under a dam as shown.
System friction losses are hf = 0.5V2/(2g), where V is the average velocity in the supply
pipe. For what river flow rate in m3/s will the power extracted be 45 MW? Which of
the two possible solutions has a better “conversion efficiency”?

2. A 60 kg ice skater is standing on ice with ice skaters (negligible friction). She is holding
a flexible hose (essentially weightless) that directs a 2-cm-diameter stream of water
horizontally parallel to her skates. The water velocity at the hose outlet is 10 m/s relative
to the skater. If she is initially standing still, determine (a) The velocity of the skater
and the distance she travels in 5s and (b) How long it will take to move 5m and the
velocity at that moment. [Assume skater speed is low relative to the jet speed].

3. A vertical water jet is issuing upwards from a nozzle with a velocity of 10 m/s. The
nozzle exit diameter is 60 mm. A flat horizontal plate with a total of 25 N is supported
by the impact of the jet. Determine the equilibrium height of the plate above the nozzle
exit. Neglect all losses and take unit weight of water as 1000 kg/m3.
4. Water flows through the Y-joint as shown in figure. Find the vertical component of the
force acting on the joint because of the flow of water. Neglect energy losses and body
force.