NGEE ANN POLYTECHNIC

SCHOOL OF ENGINNERING - ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DIVISION

MODULE: DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & PROTECTION

EXPERIMENT NO: 4

EXPERIMENT TITLE: Definite Time Lag (DTL) over-current and earth fault
relays

Warning: Do not switch on the power supply to any equipment before and during the
connection of the circuit.
Switch off the supply before you disconnect the circuit.

Objective: To study the operation of Definite Time Lag 1)Over current Relay (OCR) and
2) Earth Fault Relay

Equipment: 1 No. secondary injection test set

1 No. DTL Over-Current Relay & 1 No. DTL Earth Fault Relay
2 Nos. Ammeters

Procedure: A. Primary Injection Test of an over-current relay

1. Connect the circuit shown in Fig. 1 below.

A. C. Ammeter
A.C. ammeter (0 – 20 A)
(0-50A) CT
A A R1
L S1
Contacts
OCR
Injection
Test Set N S2
R2
Use 3 turns for primary

Fig. 1

2. Ensure that the relay current setting is 2 A and the relay time setting is
0.5 second. (This step has been done for you. Do not adjust the relay.)

3. Switch ON the current injection test set and adjust the current output
until the LED on the OCR lights up. Record the primary and
secondary currents. (This current is known as the “pick up” current of
the relay).

DSP Experiment 4 (Oct 2016) 1

 4. Adjust the current output (primary current) to 12A.

5. Switch OFF the test set without changing the position of the variac.

6. Check the connection of the timer mode dry NO contact to the NO

trip contact of the OCR.

7. Switch on the current injection test set and press the ON-TIME
button.

8. Record the operating time of the relay. Repeat the experiment with
the same current setting and take the average tripping time.

9. Set the primary current to 16A and repeat Steps 4 to 8. Record both
current and time.

CAUTION: Adjust the current output of the test set to the

required current setting as quickly as possible and
switch OFF the test set.

10. Repeat the experiment for primary currents of 20A and 24A.

11. Switch OFF the test set and disconnect the circuit.

B. Secondary Injection Test of an over-current relay

1. Connect the circuit shown in Fig. 2 below.

A. C. Ammeter
(0 – 20 A)
A Y1

Contacts
L
OCR
Injection
Test Set N
Y2
Fig. 2

2. Do not adjust the current setting and the time setting of the relay.

3. Switch ON the current injection test set and adjust the current
output until the LED lights up. Record the current. (This current
is known as the “pick up” current.)

4. Adjust the current output to 4 A.

DSP Experiment 4 (Oct 2016) 2

 5. Switch OFF the test set without changing the position of the
variac.

6. Check the connection of the timer mode dry NO contact to the

NO trip contact of the OCR.

7. Switch on the S.I. test set and press the ON-TIME button.

8. Record the operating time of the relay. Repeat the experiment

with the same current setting and take the average tripping time.

9. Adjust the current output to 6 A and repeat Steps 5 to 9. Record

both current and time.

10. Repeat the experiment for current output of 8 A and 9 A.

11. Switch OFF the test set and disconnect the circuit.

C. Primary Injection Test of an earth fault relay

1. Connect the circuit shown in Fig. 3 below.

A. C. Ammeter
A.C. ammeter (0 – 5 A)
(0-50A) CT
A A 2
L S1
Contacts
EFR
Injection
Test Set N S2
7
Use 1 turn for primary
Fig. 3

2. Do not adjust the current and time settings on the earth fault relay.
(Note: the current setting is approximately 1.0A)

3. Switch ON the current injection test set and adjust the current
output until the plunger on the relay pops up. Record the primary
and secondary currents. (This current is known as the “pick up”
current.)

4. Adjust the current output (primary current) to 18 A.

5. Switch OFF the test set without changing the position of the
variac.

6. Check the connection of the timer mode dry NO contact to the

NO trip contact of the EFR.

DSP Experiment 4 (Oct 2016) 3

 7. Switch on the S.I. test set and press the ON-TIME button.

8. Record the operating time of the relay. Repeat the experiment

with the same current setting and take the average tripping time.

9. Set the current output to 21 A and repeat Steps 5 to 9. Record

both current and time.

10. Repeat the experiment for a primary current of 24 A.

Results: Tabulate your results on the given answer sheets.

THE RESULTS TOGETHER WITH YOUR ANSWERS ARE TO BE

SUBMITTED TO YOUR LECTURER AT THE END OF EACH
LABORATORY SESSION.

DTL Over-current Relay (OCR)

Current Setting = 2 A
Time Setting = 0.5 sec

DTL Earth-fault Relay (EFR)

Current Setting = 1 A
Time Setting = 0.5 sec

DSP Experiment 4 (Oct 2016) 4

Name: Student No.:

Class Group: Date:

MODULE: DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & PROTECTION

EXPERIMENT NO.: 4

EXPERIMENT TITLE: Time Lag (DTL) over-current and earth fault relays

A. Primary Injection Test of a DTL over-current relay

* pick-up current NA Not applicable

Primary Secondary Time (seconds)

Current Current 1st 2nd Average
*3 x * NA NA NA

3 x 12 A =
3 x 16 A =
3 x 20 A =
3 x 24 A =

B. Secondary Injection Test of a DTL over-current relay

Time (seconds)
Current
1st 2nd Average
* NA NA NA
4A
6A
8A
9A

C. Primary Injection test for DTL Earth Fault Relay

Primary Secondary Time (seconds)

Current Current 1st 2nd Average
* * NA NA NA
18 A
21 A
24 A
* pick up current NA not applicable

DSP Experiment 4 (Oct 2016) 5

Discussions:

1. What is the time-current relationship of these two types of relays?

2. What are the differences between a primary injection test and a secondary injection
test? (Bigger current in primary test is not an answer).

3. You are given a 3 phase DTL over-current relay, a DTL earth fault relay and 4
current transformers. Draw the wiring diagram showing the connections of the
over-current and earth fault relays to the current transformers in a 3-phase LV
switchboard and from the relay to the shunt trip coil of the circuit breaker. The
supply is 400V, 3-phase, 50 Hz, 4-wire and the shunt trip coil operates at 230 V.
Label all terminals.

R Y B N

DSP Experiment 4 (Oct 2016) 6