Present Tense

1. Simple
2. Continuous
3. Perfect
4. Perfect Continuous

Simple Present Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kebiasaan rutin, misalnya tentang
Andara berenang setiap hari Minggu. Sekarang hari Minggu. It is Sunday. Andara swims every
Sunday.

Rumus :

Aktif : S + do/does + V1
Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + V3 + by + O
Contoh:
Aktif : Students speak English
Pasif : English is spoken by students

Untuk mengidentifikasi kalimat simple present tense, Anda dapat menemukan kata penanda
seperti always, often, sometimes, usually, dan normally. Adapun rumus yang digunakan
adalah sebagai berikut:

Subject + Verb 1

Jessie always eats egg in the morning

He often visits the library
The cat sometimes comes to my home

Present Continuous Tense menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang dilakukan. Misalnya, kamu
nyari Andara, eh, Andara nggak ada di rumah. Ia sedang berenang. Andara is swimming now.

Rumus :
 Aktif : S + to be (am, are, is) + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students is speaking English
Pasif : English is being spoken by students

Kalimat present continuous tense juga menggunakan kata penanda seperti just now, right now,
at the moment. Anda dapat memakai rumus berikut ini untuk membuat kalimat present
continuous tense:

Subject + is/am/are + Verb-ing

He is listening to the music right now

Jennifer is talking with her classmate just now

They are playing games in the playground at the moment

Present Perfect Tense mengacu pada kegiatan yang sudah dilakukan, tapi masih ada
hubungannya dengan masa sekarang. Contohnya Andara sudah berenang selama 3 jam. Andara
has swum for 3 hours.

Rumus :

Aktif : S + have/has + V3 + O
Pasif : S + have/has + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students have spoken English
Pasif : English has been spoken by students

Beberapa kata penanda untuk mengidentifikasi kalimat ini seperti already, just, not yet, up to
now. Rumus yang digunakan untuk membuat kalimat present perfect tense adalah:

Subject + has / have + Verb III

I have just finished my homework

She has already accomplished the project

He has not been to Indonesia till now

Perfect Continuous; ia suka dengan hal-hal yang sudah dilakukan dan masih berlangsung
sampai sekarang. Contohnya: Andara belum kembali juga neh. Ia sudah dan masih sedang
berenang. Misalnya: Andara has been swimming since morning.

Rumus :

Aktif : S + have/has + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + have/has + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students have been speaking English
Pasif : English has been being spoken by students