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W. Av.b.g. GnQvbyj nK wgjb

1757 mvj, cjvkxi Av¤ªKvbb| evsjvi gmb` †_‡K †gvMj
m¤ªv‡Ui we`v‡qi weDMj †e‡R‡Q| ïiæ n‡jv ci‡`wk‡`i
kvmb| `vuZ _vK‡Z `vu‡Zi gh©v`v w`‡Z Rv‡b bv gvbyl|
weªwUk mg&ªvR¨ev‡`i m~h© Dw`Z n‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q|
weªwUk BwÛqv‡K kvmb I †kvlY Kivi Rb¨ Avmj loh‡š¿i
bxj KzwV 10 bs WvDwbs †÷U Gi cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q
w`wjøi--------------- †_‡K| jÿ wQj GKwUB| wKfv‡e
m¤ªvR¨ev‡`i AvwacZ¨ wemÍvi Kiv hvq| Z‡e Zv cÖvwPb
cÖ_v, µxZ`vm cÖ_v bq| Awli †P‡q glx‡K Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z
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n‡e ag©, eY©, †MvÎ ev fvlvi wfwˇZ| fviZe‡l©i
gymjgvbiv Aviwe wkÿvq wkwÿZ n‡Z Pvq| GB
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G‡jv weªwUk kvmK †Mvôx †gvMj mg&ªv‡Ui b¨vq
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Kiv| wkÿv Kwgk‡bi Rb¥ nq, 1792 mv‡j Pvjm© MÖvÛ
wkÿv Kwgkb bv‡g| Pvjm© MÖvÛ wQ‡jb B÷ BwÛqv
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Ad gWv©Y GWz‡Kkb Bb BwÛqv) Ges †gvMj m¤ªv‡R¨i
dviwmqvb fvlv nwU‡q, Bs‡iwRB n‡e fvi‡Zi B÷ BwÛqv
†Kv¤úvwbi Awdwmqvj fvlv| 10 bs WvDwbs w÷ª‡Ui
bxjKzwV (cv©jv‡g›U nvDm) welqwU‡Z gvb‡Z bvivR|
weMZ AwfÁZv †_‡K mv¤ªvR¨ev`x weªwUk miKvi Zv‡i
kvwmZ †kvwmZ K‡jvwb¸‡jv‡Z Bs‡iwR wkÿvi gva¨‡g
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wek¦vm Ki‡Zb, Iwi‡q›Uvj fvlv †kLv‡bv DwPZ Ges G
cÖ¯Íve wZwb cvk Ki‡Z †`bwb| Gfv‡eB Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í
K‡jvwbqvj miKv‡ii wkÿv ïiæ nq| 1781 mv‡j Iqv‡ib
†nmwUsm KjKvZvq GKwU gv`ªvmv ¯’vcb K‡ib| 1784
mv‡j GwkqvwUK †mvmvBwU Iwi‡q›Uvj wkÿv ïiæ
K‡ib †Rgm wgj| Rbv_b WvbKvb 1791 mv‡j †e½j
mvs¯‹…wZK K‡jR ïiæ K‡ib| Zviv Df‡qB cyivZb
BwÛqvb BwZnv‡mi f³ wQ‡jb| 1800-01 mv‡j †dvU©
DBwjqvg K‡jR cÖwZwôZ nq fviZxq wmwfj
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cÖwZ eQi 1 jvL iæwc K‡i GB cÖwZôvbwU‡K †`qv
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wLªóvb wgkbvwi‡`i m¤úªmvi‡bi bxwZ Ges Pvj©m
MÖv‡›Ui gZv`†k©i mg_©b K‡iwQ‡jb| GiB
djkÖæwZ‡Z G± Ad 1813 Aby‡”Q` b¤^i 43 Gi cÖ_g
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cvewjK BÝU«vKkb ‡Rbv‡ij KwgwUi mfvcwZ wnmv‡e
wb‡qvMcÖvß nb hv fviZxq wk¶vi BwZnv‡m GKwU
bZyb Aa¨v‡qi m~Pbv K‡i| 1813 mv‡ji mb` AvB‡b wk¶v
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m¤ú‡K© e¨L¨v Kivi Rb¨ g¨vKy‡j‡K wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq|
1835 mv‡ji 2Õiv ‡deªªyqvix, g¨vKy‡j KvDw݇ji Kv‡Q
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fviZxq cªwZôvb GZUv Kvh©Ki wQj bv| fviZxq‡`i Rb¨
Bs‡iwR fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i wk¶v eva¨Zvg~jK Kiv DwPZ
e‡j wZwb Zvi gZvgZ e¨³ K‡ib|
g¨vKz‡ji cÖwZ‡e`‡i djkÖywZ‡Z ZrKvjxb Mfb©i
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weªwUk miKv‡ii ZrKvjxb bZyb wk¶vbxwZ ‡NvlYv
K‡ib| dj¯^iƒc wk¶vi Dci wbgœwjwLZ cÖfve ‡`Lv ‡`q:
- fviZe‡l© Bs‡iwR wk¶ve¨e¯’vi m~Pbv
- 1837 mv‡j ZrKvjxb Mfb©i ‡Rbv‡ij jW© AKj¨vÛ,
dvwm©i (g~Nj mvkbvg‡ji Awdwkqvj dvwm© fvlv)
cwie‡Z© Bs‡iwR‡K GKgvÎ Awdwmqvj fvlv wnmv‡e
‡NvlYv K‡ib
- miKvix PvKixi Rb¨ Bs‡iwR eva¨Zvg~jK Kiv nq
DBwjqvg A¨vWvg 1818 mv‡j fviZe‡l© G‡mwQ‡jb|
jW© ‡ew›U‡¼i Aby‡iv‡a DBwjqvg A¨vWvg wb‡RB
evsjvi Avw`evmx wk¶vi wel‡q ‡¯^”Qvq Z_¨ msM«‡ni
K‡Vvi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb| Mfb©i-‡Rbv‡ij-Bb-
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wk¶vi AbymÜv‡bi Rb¨ wbhy³ nb| GwU GKwU
‡emiKvix GK m`m¨ wewkô Kwgkb wQj| A¨vWvg 1835-
1838 wZb eQi K‡Vvi cwik«g K‡iwQ‡jb Ges wZbwU
cªwZ‡e`b Rgv w`‡qwQ‡jb| wØZxq cªwZ‡e`bwU wQj
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Dci Z`šÍ cÖwZ‡e`b| Z…Zxq cªwZ‡e`‡b evsjv I wenv‡ii
cvuPwU ‡Rjvi cwimsL¨vb Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡qwQj hv wQj
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e¨e¯’vi iyc‡iLv, hvi wfvˇZ wZwb Avw`evmx
we`¨vjh‡qi ms¯‹v‡ii Rb¨ Zvi cª¯Íve ‡`b| GB cÖ¯Íve
GWvgm Kwgkb bv‡g cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i|

weªwUk fvi‡Z wk¶ve¨e¯’vi ms¯‹vi I cybM©V‡bi cª_g

cªqvm wQj 1854 mv‡ji DWm GWy‡Kkvb ‡Wmc¨P|
weªwUk nvDm Ad KgÝ-Gi wm‡j± KwgwU Øviv GB
Kwgkb MwVZ nq| 1954 mv‡ji 19 RyjvB Ôcªv_wgK
we`¨vjq ‡_‡K wek¦we`¨vjq ch©šÍ Õ h_vh_fv‡e
wk¶ve¨e¯’v ‰Zwi Kivi Rb¨ GwU fviZ miKv‡ii Kv‡Q
‡cªiY Kiv n‡qwQj| DWm ‡Wmc¨‡Pi cªavb djvdjMywj
wbgœiyc:
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- wek¦we`¨vjq Ges ‡kªwYe× we`¨vj‡qi wfwË ¯’vcb
- Z`viwK e¨e¯’v cªeZ©b
- ‡emiKvix ¯‹yj¸wji Rb¨ Aby`vb-mnvqZv
- wk¶K‡`i cªwk¶Y cªwZôvb ¯’vcb
- Bs‡iwR Ges fvb©vKyjvi Dfq fvlv e¨envi K‡i e¨envwiK
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e¨e¯’v ‰Zwi Kiv|
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