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P20 Steel Plate Tool Steel
P20 Steel Plate Tool Steel
P20 Steel ?
P20 tool steel differs from area to area in the different countries.Europeans generally
use the DIN spec-DIN EN ISO 4957 standard materials (1.2311 and 1.2312), while in
Japan steel industry standard, PX5 is the new standard P20. And the Americas
Countries, Grade steel P20 is the most and wide used steel grade material. In China,
3CrM2Mo is the P20 steel grade equivalent, which is in the standard GB/T 1299 tool
steel specification.
AISI P20 tool steels are nitrided or carburized. These P20 mold steel materials steels
are capable of being machined into complex and large dies and molds. Material P20
steel plate and round bars are mostly used in the carburized condition. The presence of
chromium and nickel enhances the toughness and hardness of mold steel P20 grade
material.
ASTM C Mn P S Si Cr Mo
A681
P20 0.28 0.4 0.6 1 0.03 0.03 0.2 0.8 1.4 2 0.3 0.55
DIN ISO
C Mn P S Si Cr Mo
4957
1.2311 0.35 0.45 1.3 1.6 0.03 0.03 0.2 0.4 1.8 2.1 0.15 0.25
GB/T C Mn P S Si Cr Mo
GBT 1299 0.28 0.4 0.6 1 0.03 0.03 0.2 0.8 1.4 2 0.3 0.55
4. ASTM P20 Mold Tool Steel Properties
Physical Properties
Properties Metric
Hardness, Brinell (typical) 300
Hardness, Rockwell C (typical) 30
Tensile strength, ultimate 965-1030 MPa
Tensile strength, yield 827-862 MPa
Elongation at break (in 50 mm (2″)) 20.00%
Compressive strength 862 MPa
Charpy impact (V-Notch) 27.1-33.9 J
Poisson’s ratio 0.27-0.30
Elastic modulus 190-210 GPa
AISI P20 Mold Tool Steel Thermal Properties
Properties Conditions
T (°C) Treatment
Stress Relieving
Preheating: Because mold steel P20 steel plate is sold in a pre-hardened condition,
hardening heat treatment is not necessary. After machining and intermittently during
service, the steel must be thermally stress relieved by heating to 900ºF (482ºC),
equalizing and holding for one hour per inch (25.4mm) of thickness, and cooling in air to
ambient temperature.
In those rare circumstances where the AISI steel P20 must be re-hardened, the steel
must first be annealed prior to hardening.
Hardening
Preheating of P20 metal: Heat at a rate not exceeding 400ºF per hour (222ºC per hour)
to 1150-1250ºF (621-677ºC) and equalize.
Heat rapidly from the preheat to 1550ºF (843°C). Soak for 30 minutes for first inch
(25.4mm) of thickness, plus 15 minutes for each additional inch (25.4mm).
Quenching
For oil, quench until black, at about 900°F (482°C), then cool in still air to 150-125°F (66-
51°C).
Tempering
P20 tool steels are tempered at 482-593°C (900 to 1100°F) for a Rockwell C hardness of
37 to 28.
Annealing
Annealing for AISI P20 tool steels takes place at 760-788°C (1400 to 1450°F) and then
the steels are cooled slowly in the furnace at a temperature less than 4°C (40°F) per
hour.
P20 tool steels are used for low temperature applications that include injection molds
and die casting dies. Main applications of P20 steel plate and bar:
Plastic moulds, die holder, backers, rames for plastic pressure dies, hydro forming mold
tools.bolsters, die holders. Also suitable for other applications such as rails, shafts and
wear strips.