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Application of Mathematics IN Real World Business: (Integral & Differential Calculas, Set and Matrix)
Application of Mathematics IN Real World Business: (Integral & Differential Calculas, Set and Matrix)
Group 6
Department of Finance,
Jagannath University,
Dhaka
6/13/2014
Application of Mathematics in Real World Business
Business Mathematics-02
Report
On
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Submitted to
We hereby declare that, this report contains no bits and pieces which
has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at any
university or equivalent institutions and that to the best of our
appreciative and faith, this report contains no objects previously
existing or written by another person, except where due reference is
made in the content of the report.
Group- 6
Letter of Transmittal
13 July, 2014
Dear Sir,
With due respect, we would like to inform you that, we are the student
of Department of Finance. It is our great pleasure to inform you that we
have got a chance to submit a report on “APPLICATION OF
MATHEMATICS IN REAL WORLD BUSINESS - A Study on “Square
Pharmaceuticals Ltd.” as a requirement for course named Business
Mathematics-02, course no: 2103.
We therefore pray and hope that you would be kind enough to accept
this report and bless us heartily.
Sincerely yours
Group-6
B.B.A. 7th Batch
2nd Year 1st semesters
Department of Finance
Jagannath University, Dhaka.
Acknowledgement
All praises are due to Almighty Allah, the supreme authority of this
universe who has enabled us to submit the report in time for the course
named Business Mathematics-02.
Group-6
Executive Summary
Business Mathematics “includes mathematics courses taken at an
undergraduate level by business students. These courses are slightly
less difficult and do not always going to the same depth as other
mathematics courses for people majoring in mathematics or science
fields. The two most common math courses taken in this form are
Business Calculus and Business Statistics. Examples used for problems
in these courses are usually real-life problems from the business world.
An example of the differences in course work from a business
mathematics course and a regular mathematics course would be
calculus. In a regular calculus course, students would study
trigonometric functions. Business calculus would not study
trigonometric functions because it would be time-consuming and
useless to most business students, except perhaps economics majors.
Economics majors who plan to continue economics in graduate school
are strongly encouraged to take regular calculus instead of business
calculus, as well as linear algebra and other advanced math courses.
Other subjects typically covered in a business mathematics curriculum
include:
Matrix algebra
Linear programming
Probability theory
Set
Primary Objectives:
This assignment has also some other objectives which are as follows:
There were huge scopes to work in the arena of the case. Considering
the dead line, the scope and exposure of the paper has been wide-
ranging. The study behind “Application of Mathematics in Real World
Business - A Study on “Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.” has covered
overall analysis by which we can know about the Application of
mathematics which they use.
Sources of data
Here the secondary sources of information were used. The secondary
sources are:
Web sites
Books
Annual report
2.2 Calculus
2.6 Matrix
A matrix organizes a group of numbers, or variables, with specific rules
of arithmetic. It is represented as a rectangular group of rows and
columns, such as
.
This “2X3″ matrix has two rows and three columns; the number
’23′ is in the second row of the third column.
This is a square matrix because the number of rows equals the number
of columns.
We can only add matrices of the same dimensions, because we add the
corresponding elements. .
Mission:
Vision:
We are given x unit of tablet are produced, the average cost per unit is
A(x) Taka (we assume). Where
Now we find out the value of y that maximizes average cost per unit.
We start by A(x) as
-1 +0.05x
= -20 -2 + 0.05
A’(x) = + 0.05
A’(x) = +0.05x
Then
A (150) = +0.05*150
Illustration 1
Square Pharma has a Fixed Cost of 820 TK. Corer.
Here (in corer)
Total revenue= (4 − 𝑡
Total cost= 4 4 𝑡
And, Fixed cost=820
So, (4 − 𝑡 ) 4 4 𝑡
Or, 6 𝑡 36
Or , 𝑡 6
Or, 𝑡 36
=(4 𝑡 − ) − 4 𝑡 − −
=(4 36 − − 4 36 − −
=14400-2880-1440-5760-820
=Tk.3500 corer
Illustration 2
At Market Equilibrium, Consumer demand of Square Pharma 400,000
unit of Tablet. This has a demand function (we assume)
− 6
− 6
Or ,4 − 6 4
=25-0.6(20)
*1 unit= 10 Tablet.
= ∫ ( − 6) − 3 4
= 4 − 4 (4 ) − −
= 10000-3200-5200
= Tk.1600 thousand.
Illustration 3
At Market Equilibrium, Consumer demand of Square Pharma 400,000
unit of Tablet. This has a Supply function (we assume)
= 400 thousand
= (400) =7+0.3(400)1/2
Then,
= (13)(400)-∫ ( 3 )dq
= 5200-[(7)(400)+0.2(400)3/2 –(0+0)]
= Tk.800 thousand
3.5 Application of Set
A Survey on Consumer Preference (1200 Sample)
A question was Asked them that which company’s medicine do
you prefer And provide them 3 alternatives: Square, Beximco and
Incepta.
Among Them 512 chose Square, 400 chose Beximco and 350 chose
Incepta. 95 chose both Square & Beximco, 142 chose both Square &
Incepta, 100 chose Beximco & Incepta and 50 chose all of them. Now
from Above data we can determine:
1. How Many consumer did not Choose any one?
2. How Many consumers choose only one?
Solution
(1) We are given:
n(U) =1200 n(S) =512 n(B) =400 n(I) =350
n(SПB) =95 n(SПI)=142 n(BПI) =100 and
n(SПBПI) =50
Now’
n(S U B U I) = n(S) + n(B) + n(I) - n(SПB)-n(SПI) - n(BПI) + n(SПBПI)
=512+400+350-95-142-100+50 =975
So no. of consumer did not choose any,
= n(u)- n(S U B U I) = 1200-975 = 225person
(2) No. of consumer who choose Only Square
= n(S) - n(SПB) - n(SПI) + n(SПBПI) = 512-95-142+50= 325person
No. of consumer who choose Only Beximco
= n(B) - n(SПB) - n(BПI) + n(SПBПI) = 400-95-100+50= 255 person
No. of consumer who choose Only Incepta
= n(I)-n(BПI)-n(SПI) +n(SПBПI) =350-100-142+50= 158person
So, Square is the highest preference among consumers
3.6 Application of Matrix
A matrix is a two-dimensional arrangement of numbers in rows and
columns enclosed by a pair of square brackets [ ]in the form shown
below
Example:
a11 a12 a13
Examples:
Annual productions of Square Pharmaceuticals Limited of
three products may be represented as follows:
2 Staff
3 Worker
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Illustration2-
A= 12000
8000
B= 2000
1000
Q= 12000 P= 6
8000 6
Solution:
8000 6 48000
Illustration4-
Let,
8 43 * Y = 240000
7 42 Z 204000
|A| =10 -5 +3
4 2 7 2 7 4
= 10(8-12)-5(16-21)+3(32-28)
= 10(-4)-5(-5)+3(4)
= -40+25+12
= -3
42 72 74
53 10 3 10 5
42 72 74
53 10 3 10 5
43 83 84
-4 -5 4
5
= -2 -1 0
3 6
Step3: finding the co-factor:
Cij = (-1)i+J *Mij
C11 = (-1)1+1 *-4 = 1*-4 = -4
C12 = (-1)1+2 *-5 = 5
C13 = (-1)1+3 *4 = 4
C21 = (-1)2+1 *-2 = 2
C22 = (-1)2+2 *-1 = -1
C23 = (-1)2+3 *5 = -5
C31 = (-1)3+1 *3 = 3
C32 = (-1)3+2 *6 = -6
C33 = (-1)3+3 *0 = 0
-4 2 3
Ad joint A= 5 -1 -6
4 -5 0
-4 2 3
= 1÷ (-3) 5 -1 -6
4 -5 0
-4/-3 2/-3 3/-3
-376000 400000 0
12000
= 18000
24000
= Y
Part IV
Conclusion: From the analysis we can say that
Mathematics can be applied in business
operation and it helps us a lot to do
business accurately and easily.
Bibliography
BOOKS
Mathematics With
Applications In Management &
Economics (7th edition) by Prichett
& Saber
Business Mathematics (11th
edition) by D.C. Sancheti & V.K.
Kapoor.
Website
http://smallbusiness.chron.com/importance-
basic-math-business- 41097.html
http://www.scribd.com/doc/122431
59/Role-of-Mathematics-in-
Business
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_
mathematics
Application of Mathematics in Real World Business
Department of Finance