Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

CHAPTER - 1
INTRODUCTION OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY

1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 INDIAN TEXTILE HISTORY
1.3 MEANING AND DEVELOPMENT OF TEXTILE
INDUSTRY IN GUJARAT
1.4 HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF TEXTILE
INDUSTRY
1.5 NEEDS FOR TEXTILE IN INDIA
1.6 GOVERNMENT POLICIES FOR THE TEXTILE
INDUSTRIES
1.7 GROWTH OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN INDIA
1.8 CHALLENGES FACED BY INDIAN TEXTILE
INDUSTRY
1.9 INTRODUCTION OF SELECTED TEXTILE UNITS

1.10 REFERENCE

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CHAPTER -1
INTRODUCTION OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY

1.1 INTRODUCTION
The Indian textile industry is one of the largest in the world with a
massive raw material and textiles manufacturing base. Our economy is
largely dependent on the text earnings retile manufacturing and trade in
addition to other major industries. About 27% of the foreign exchange
earnings are on account of export of textiles and clothing alone. The
textiles and clothing sector contributes about 14% to the industrial
production and 3% to the gross domestic product of the country. Around
8% of the total excise revenue collection is contributed by the textile
industry. So much so, the textile industry accounts for as large as 21% of
the total employment generated in the economy. Around 35 million people
are directly employed in the textile manufacturing activities. Indirect
employment including the manpower engaged in agricultural based raw
material production like cotton and related trade and handling could be
stated to be around another 60 million.
A textile is the largest single industry in India (and amongst the
biggest in the world), accounting for about 20% of the total industrial
production. It provides direct employment to around 20 million people.
Textile and clothing exports account for one –third of the total value of
exports from the country. There are 1,227 textile mills with a spinning
capacity of about 29 million spindles. While yarn is mostly produced in the
mills, fabrics are produced in the power loom and handloom sectors as
well. The Indian textile industry continues to be predominantly based on
cotton, with about 65% of raw material consumed being cotton. The yearly

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output of cotton cloth was about 12.8 billion m (about 42 billion ft). The
manufacture of jute products (1.1 million metric tons) ranks next in
importance to cotton weaving. Textile is one of India’s oldest industries
and has a formidable presence in the national economy is as much as it
contributes to about 14per cent of manufacturing value addition, accounts
for around one-third of our gross export earnings and provides gainful
employment to millions of people. They include cotton and jute growers,
artisans and weavers who are engaged in the organised as well as
decentralised and household sectors spared across the entire country.

1.2 INDIAN TEXTILE HISTORY

The record of ancient and medieval Indian textiles exists mostly
in literature and sculpture. There is archaeological evidence of a cotton
textile industry at Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus Valley around3000 B.C.,
and a few fragments survive from much later periods. Most of the extant
textiles are dated after the seventeenth century, because the monsoon climate
has been very destructive to early specimens. The Greeks with Alexander the
Great wrote of the fine flowered Muslims and robes embroidered in gold
they had seen in India. They may also have seen the cotton fibre that
grew on trees.
A handbook of administration, the Arthasastra, tentatively dated to
the third century B.C. dealt with methods for distributing materials to
spinners and weavers whether the workers were guild members or
worked privately at home. At that time few occupations were open to
women. Indeed, women who elected not to marry were not allowed to
hold jobs. However, weaving was permitted to widows and retired
prostitutes. The Arthasastra gave the penalties for fraudulent practices and

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listed the taxes to be paid by weavers. Among the textiles mentioned were
white bark cloth from Bengal, linen from Banaras, cottons from south
India, and several kinds of blankets, the best described as being slippery
and soft.
In ancient and medieval India the textile industries were politically
controlled, and if a ruler was favourably disposed towards the arts,
weaving prospered. Differentiation was made between the rural textiles
woven for the masses and those made in state workshops for royalty and
the well-to-do in other countries (Plate 48). The best workmanship was
found in the ritual hangings for temples, and even in modern times it has
been considered preferable to destroy worn ones rather than allow them to
fall into foreign hands.
Few good commentaries survive from the early medieval period
(900 - 1200 A.D.) when terms were used inconsistently. Fabric names
apparently represented the places where they were woven, and details
about weaving techniques were scanty.
The Muslim period in India extended from around 1200 A.D. to
1760 when the British took over. A succession of sultans controlled most
of India until Genghis Khan attacked early in the thirteenth century and
Tammerlane invaded in the late fourteenth. Marco Polo left detailed
accounts of the people and industries of the coastal regions of India in the
late thirteenth century. He mentioned seeing on the Coromandel Coast the
finest and most beautiful cloth in all the world-buckrams like the tissues
of spider webs, and he observed dyeing with indigo in the great textile
center of Cambay and spinning of cotton in Gujarat. Under the Sultan of
Delhi (1325-1351) price controls for food, cloth, and other commodities
were initiated to help fight inflation. A permit was required to buy silks,
satins, and brocades, and only the well-to-do were allowed to have

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them. The sultan employed four thousand silk weavers who made
robes of honour, hangings, and gifts of gold brocade for foreign
dignitaries.
Babur, a descendant of change his Khan, founded a new and
important dynasty, the Mogul, in 1526. A series of great rulers-the
greatest Akbar who ruled for the second half of the sixteenth century-
governed a glorious empire where the textile arts flourished until the late
seventeenth century. Some of the best accounts of Indian textiles were
written by European ambassadors to the Mogul courts. Fabulous horse
and elephant trappings, as well as the apparel, pillows, and wall hangings,
were remarked upon. A king always wore a garment but once. There
were marvellous gold brocades called kimhabs, or kincobs, from Banaras.
Writers proclaimed on the sheerness of Dacca muslins, called evening dew,
running water, or sweet-like-sherbert. Seventy-three yards, a yard wide,
weighed only one pound. By comparison, the finest Swiss cottons ever
made were at best sixteen or seventeen yards to the pound.
European settlements appealed in India in the latter part of the
Mogul period. Motivated by the desire to break the spice trade monopoly
held by Venice and the Arabs, Vasco da Gama found the sea route to India
by sailing around Africa in 1498, and by 1510 the Portuguese had
jurisdiction in Goa on the west coast of India. For a short time they
controlled the Asian trade by taking over the port of Malacca (near
Singapore), where they met trading junks from China. The Portuguese
carried pintados (painted cottons) east from India to trade for spices.
Indian textiles were more important to the Dutch and the English
than to the Portuguese. The Dutch East India Company was chartered in
1597, the East India Company in 1600. Their ships went first to India with
bullion to exchange for the cotton textiles that could be bartered for

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spices in the Malay Archipelago. Eventually, the Dutch gained a

monopoly in Indonesia, with trade centred in Java, and the English
withdrew to India to establish trading stations known as "factories."
One of the intentions of the East India Company was to sell English
woolens in Asia, but broadcloth was never more than a novelty in India. By
1649 the British were sending chintz and cheap cotton calicat to England.
Much was for re-export to America, the Near East, West Africa, and the
slave plantations in the West Indies. A four-cornered trade developed.
The East India Company shipped calicos to London where they were
sold to the Royal Africa Company. The latter shipped them in turn to
West Africa as guinea-cloth to be bartered for people. These slaves, and
any remaining cloth, were shipped to the West Indies and exchanged for
sugar, cotton, and tobacco-all cargoes bound back for England.

1.3 MEANING AND DEVELOPMENT OF TEXTILE

INDUSTRY IN GUJARAT
Another development which took place round the cotton trade was
the emergence of cotton factories in Gujarat to process those varieties of
cotton which were not suitable for the British industry. A section of the
wealthy merchant s and intellectuals, realizing that there was sufficient
cotton as well as finance to launch such factories, initiated this new type of
economic activity in Gujarat. The name of sjt. Ranchod lalchhotalal -a
Sathdara Nagar Brahmin residing in Ahmedabad and first native president
of Ahmedabad Municipality is enshrined in the history of the rise of the
textile industry in Gujarat as well as in the rest of Bombay Presidency as a
pioneer. Ranchodlal, visualizing the possibilities of factory production,
contemplated the putting up of a small cotton- spinning factory in

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Ahmedabad in 1947. Major full James, a commandant of the Gujarat

Irregular Force, agreed to get all the necessary information from England
with regard to the proposed factory. The Government, while permitting
Ranchhodlal to start a factory, insisted on the appointment of a European
Superintendent for the factory. These efforts failed and Ranchhodlal lost
the chance of being the first organizer of a textile factory in Bombay
Presidency. Ranchhodlal made another effort in 1859. He again called for
the machinery from England (incidentally Mr.Dadabhai Naoroji was his
agent I England). Unfortunately, the first consignment of machinery was
lost in sea while the first European manager died as a result of an attack of
cholera. In spite of these vicissitudes, Ranchhodlal persisted in his efforts
and in 1861 the first textile mill in Gujarat under Indian ownership, the
Shahpur Mill, was started.
At the end of the 19th century, there were twenty textile factories in
Gujarat, of which 12 were in Ahmedabad, 3 in Surat, 3 in Bharuch and one
each in Viramgam and Nadiyad respectively. The professor Gadgil
regarding the nature of the development of the textile industry are
pertinent.
In 1895. 23 factories were in Gujarat, of which Ahmedabad
claimed 16 mills with 2, 93,000 spindles and 4,900 looms.
Thus, in the middle of the 19th century, a new step was taken in the
direction of industrial development. This development had far- reaching
Consequences on the economic life of Gujarat. Subsequent design of
manufacture of clothing and their distribution. The raw material may be
natural or synthetic using product of the chemical industry.
The textile industry of the city of Ahmedabad in the state of Gujarat
in India dates back to the textile industry is primarily concerned with the
production of yarn and cloth and the 19th Century, when the city and the

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industry was established under the British Raj, Textile mills employed
thousands of people from across the state and the cotton garments
manufactured were exported across the world.
The prosperity of the industry was the mainstay of the city
economy, and Ahmedabad was accordingly termed the Manchester of the
East.

1.4 HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF TEXTILE

INDUSTRY
A site devoted to the history of mills, people and companies.
Updated- December 13, 2012- check back periodically English inventors
in the 18th century began to automate textile cottage industry processes
including carding, spinning and weaving. James Hargreaves developed the
spinning Jenny, a device which replaced eighth and spinners in one
operation. Richard Arkwright assembled these processes and started the
first factor yarn the Derwent River in comfort, England in 1771. Following
the American Revolution, several founding fathers felt manufacturing
should remain in England. Alexander Hamilton felt otherwise and wanted
to establish a model mill village in Paterson, New Jersey. His ideas were
ahead of their time. The “ National Manufactory ”went out of business in
1796. Samuel slater of Rhode Island visited several mills owned by
Arkwright and associates, memorized the essential features and returned to
the US. In 1792, he opened a yarn spinning mill in Pawtucket, Rhode.
Iland, the first successful automated yarn spinning in the US. In
1814, James cabot Lowell of Boston built a factory in Waltham, up the
Charles River from Boston. Later, the Boston Associates built an entire
mill town on the Merrimack River, and later, named it “ Lowell ” in

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memory of James cabot Lowell.1793 Eli Whitney and Hogden Holmes

developed a simplified method of removing the cotton lint from the seed.
Whitney’s, and especially Holmes’ saw tooth gin, revolutionized the
cotton industry by dramatically increasing the productivity of cotton
ginning. Gi In the early 1800s, cotton was raised in the southern United
States and exported to mills in England and the north. Leaders such as
William Gregg of south Carolina advocated a home- based textile industry
for the south but the time was not right. Northen mills resisted the growth
of mills outside New England. Textile machinery was built in New
England and New Jersey and imported from Europe. After the civil War,
the south slowly replaced slaves with free workers. The industry remained
largely in the north until after the 1880s. Leaders such as Edwin Michael
Holt and family of Alamance Country, North Carolina built mills in large
numbers throughout the south as the 19th century closed. Glencoe Cotton
Mill and mill village are preserved today.
Merchants contracted for goods through agents. The cone family
moved from Baltimore to Greensboro and brokered sales. The Belk family
bought goods from cone to sell in the dry goods stores. Merchants such as
Marshall Fields of Chicago bought goods from mills through
intermediaries. Later, in order to better control supply, the cones and the
Fields built mills of their own, e.g. cone Mills and Fieldcrest Mills.
Machinery was imported from the north and from Europe.
World war the naval blockage imposed by England on German
shipping, and the use of U-boats by Germany to harass English vessels
brought the realization that the United States must be independent of
England and Germany for machinery and dyestuffs. New companies
emerged to satisfy the war effort and remained strong for several decades
following the war. World war II once again emphasized the need for self-

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sufficiency. Following the war, however, imported machinery and dyes,

specially from Germany and Switzerland, once again supplemented and
eventually replaced domestic supply. American textile companies thrived
with the use of imported machinery and dyestuffs. A yes and colorants
web site developed by Dr.RobertBaptisata explains these developments.
In the 1990 a new world order began to replace the made in the USA
ideas. Buying from the lowest cost producer drove many textile
manufacturers out of the production side and in to imports. Manufacturing
companies changed to marketing companies.
Source :
Dunwell, Steve, The Run of the mill. Boston : David R, Godine -
Publisher, 1978. An excellent discussion with many illustrations of early
technology and mill development.

1.5 NEEDS FOR TEXTILE IN INDIA

At current prices the Indian textiles industry is pegged at US$ 55
billion, according to the Ministry of Textiles. According to the
confederation of Indian Textile industry (CITI), the Indian textiles industry
has the potential to reach US$ 110 billion by the year 2012.
The textiles industry currently contributes about 14% to industrial
production, 4% to GDP, and 17% to the country’s exports earnings,
According to the Annual Report 2010-11 of the Ministry of Textiles. The
industry accounts for nearly 12% share of the country’s total exports
basket.
Indian textile sectors is the second biggest employment generator in
the economy, after agriculture. It provides direct employment to more than
35 million people.

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The Indian textiles industry is unique and extremely varied, with the
hand- spun and hand-woven sector at one end of the spectrum, and the
capital intensive, sophisticated mill sector at the other. The decentralized
power- looms / hosiery and knitting sector from the largest section of the
Textiles sector.
The export of textiles and clothing totalled US$ 22.42 billion in
2009-10 FDI into the textiles sectors was US$ 956 million from Apr 2000-
2011, according to Department of industrial Policy and Promotion
statistics. Foreign direct investment (FDI) of up to 100% is allowed in the
textiles sector through the automatic route. The Ministry of Textiles has set
up an FDI cell at the Economic Division to attract FDI in the sector.
Additionally, the Government has taken various initiatives to promote the
growth of textiles industry in India. Some of these are technology up-
gradation fund scheme (TUFS), The scheme for Integrated Textile Park
(SITP) and Integrated skill Development scheme.
The vision statement for the textiles industry for the 11th five year
plan (2007-2012), inter-alia, envisages India securing a 7% share in the
global textiles trade by 2012.
The Indian textiles industry has enormous opportunities for domestic
as well as international investors given its consistent growth performance,
abundant cheap skilled manpower and growing domestic demand. With
time, India has surged ahead for other countries and positioned itself as a
value-added manufacturer with varied material base, an educated and
English-speaking classes of executive with high product development and
design orientation.

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1.6 GOVERNMENT POLICIES FOR THE TEXTILE

INDUSTRIES
The Indian textile industry is one of the largest industries in the
world. The Ministry of Textiles in India has formulated numerous policies
and schemes for the development of the textile industry in India. Some of
them are detailed in the following sections.
National textile policy :
The National textile policy was formulated keeping in mind the
following objectives : Development of the textile in India in order to
mature and maintain its position in the global arena as the leading
manufacturer and exporter of clothing. Maintenance of a leading
manufacturer and exporter of clothing. Maintenance of leading position in
the domestic market by doing away with import penetration. Injecting
competitive spirit by the liberalisation of stringent controls. Encouraging
Foreign Direct Investment as well as research and development in this
sector. Stressing on the diversification of production and its up gradation
taking into consideration the environmental concerns. Development of a
firm multi-fiber base along with the skill of the weavers and the craftsmen.
Such goals are set to meet the following targets :
The size of textile and apparel exports must reach a level of US$
50 billion by the year 2010. The technology up gradation fund scheme
should be implemented in a strict manner. The garments industry Should
be removed from the list of the small scale industry sector.
The handloom industry should be boosted and encouraged to enter
into foreign ventures so as to compete globally. The National textile Policy
has also formulated rules pertaining to certain specific sectors. Some of the
most important items in the agenda happen to be the availability and

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productivity along with the quality of the raw materials. Special care is
also taken to curb the fluctuating price of raw materials. Steps have also
been taken to raise silk the international standard.
Preamble
The comprehend the purpose of textile industry that is to provide
one the most basic needs of the people and promote it’s sustained growth
to improve the quality of life. To acknowledge textile industry as a self
reliant industry, from producing raw materials to delivery of finished
products; and its major contribution to the economy of the country.
To understand its immense potentiality for creating employment
opportunities in significant sectors like agriculture, industry, organized
sector, decentralized sector, urban areas, rural areas specifically for women
and deprived.
To recognize the textile policy of 1985, which boosted the annual
growth rate of cloth production by 7.13%, export of textile by 13.32% and
per capita availability of fabrics by 3.6%.
To analyse the issues and problems of textile industry and the
guidelines provided by the expert committee set up for this specific
purpose. To give a different specification to the objectives and thrust areas
of textile industry. To give a different specification to the objective and
thrust area of textile industry. To produce good quality cloth for
fulfilling the demand of the people with reasonable prices to maintain a
competitive global market.
Thrust areas
Government of India is trying to promote textile industry by giving
emphasis on several areas of textile, which are as below:
Innovative marketing strategies Diversification of product
Enhancement of textile oriented technology Quality awareness

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Intensifying raw materials growth of productivity I increase in exports

financing arrangements creating employment opportunities Human
Resource Development.
Efforts
Government of India has set some targets to intensify and promote
textile industry. To materialize these targets, efforts are being made, which
are as follows :
Textile and apparel exports will reach the US$ 50 billion marked by
2010. All manufacturing segments of textile industry will come under
TUFC (Technology Up gradation Fund scheme) increase the quality and
productivity of cotton. The target is to increase to 50% productivity and
maintain the quality to international standards.
English the technology Mission on jute with an objective to increase
cotton productivity of the country Encourage private organization to
provide financial support for the textile industry. Promote private sectors
for establishing a world class textile industry. Encourage handloom
industry for producing a value added items. Encourage private sectors to
set up a world class textile industry comprising various textile processing
units in different parts of India. Regenerate functions of the TRA(Textile
Research Associations) to stress on research works.
Government policy on cotton and man- made fiber one of the
Principal targets of the government policy is to enhance the quality and
production of cotton and man-made fiber. Ministry of Agriculture,
Ministry of Textiles, cotton growing states are primarily responsible for
implementing this target.

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Other thrust areas

Information Technology
Information technology plays a significant role behind the
development of textile industry in India.IT (Information Technology) can
promote to establish a sound commercial network for the textile industry to
proper.
Human Resource Development
Effective utilization of human resource can strengthen this textile
industry to a large extent. Government of India has adopted some effective
policies to properly utilize the manpower of the country in favour of textile
industry.
Financing arrangement Government of India is also trying to
encourage talented Indian designers and technologists to work for Indian
textile industry and accordingly government is setting up venture capital
fund in collaboration with financial establishments.
Acts
Some of the major acts relating to textile industry include;
 Central Silk Board Act, 1948.
 The Textile Committee Act, 1963.
 The Handlooms Act,1985.
 Cotton Control Order, 1986.
The textile undertakings Act, 1995 Government of India is earnestly
trying to provide all the relevant facilities for the textile industry to utilize
its full potential and achieve the target. The textile industry is presently
experiencing an average annual growth rate of 9-10% and is expected to
grow at a rate of 16% in value, which will eventually reach the target of

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US$ 115 billion by 2012. The clothing and apparel sector are expected to
grow at a rate of 21% in value terms.
1.7 GROWTH OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN INDIA
India ‘s textile industry is one of the economy’s largest. In 2000-01,
the textile and garment industries accounted for about 4% of GDP, 14% of
industrial out put, 18% of industrial employment, and 27% of export
earnings (Hashim). India, s textile industry is also significant in a global
context, ranking second to Chia in the production of both cotton yarn and
fabric and fifth in the production of synthetic fibres and yarns. In contrast
to other major textile- producing countries, mostly small-scale, non-
integrated spinning, weaving, cloth finishing, and apparel enterprises,
many of which use out dated technology, characterize India’s textile
sector. Some, mostly larger, firms operate in the “organized” sector where
firms must comply with numerous government labour and tax regulations.
Most firms, however, operate in the small-scale “unorganized” sector
where regulations are less stringent and more easily evaluated.
The unique structure of the Indian textile industry is due to the
legacy of tax, labour-intensive enterprises, while discriminating against
larger scale, more capital – intensive operations. The structure is also due
to the historical orientation towards meeting the need of India’s
predominately low-income domestic consumers, rather than the world
market. Policy reforms which began in the 1980s and continued into
the1990s, have led to significant gains in technical efficiency and
international competitiveness, particularly reforms that could enhance the
efficiency and competitiveness of India’s weaving, fabric finishing and
apparel sectors.

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1.8 CHALLENGES FACED BY INDIAN TEXTILE

INDUSTRY
Textile supply chains compete on low cost, high quality, accurate
delivery and flexibility in variety and volume. Several challenges stand in
the way of Indian firms before they can own a larger share of the global
market.
Scale
Except for spinning, all other sectors suffer from the problem of
scale. Indian firms are typically smaller than their Chinese or Thai
counterparts and there are fewer large firms in India. Some of the Chinese
large firms have 1.5 times higher spinning capacity, 1.25 times denim (and
2 times grey fabric) capacity and about 6 times more revenue in garment
than their counterparts in India thereby affecting the cost structure as well
as ability to attract customers with large orders. The central tendency is to
add capacity once the order has been won rather than ahead of the demand.
Customers go where they see both capacity and capabilities. Large
capacity typically goes with standardized products. This firm need to
develop the managerial capabilities required to manage large work force
and design an appropriate supply chain. For the size of the Indian
economy, it will have to bigger firm producing standard products in large
volumes as well as small and mid size firms producing large variety in
small to mid size batches (the tension between the organized and un-
organized sectors will have to be addressed first, though). Then there is the
need for emergence of specialist firms that will consolidate orders, book
capacities manage warehouse and logistics of order delivery.

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Skills
Three issues must be mentioned here: (a) there is a paucity of
technical manpower-there exist barely 30 programmes at graduate
engineering (including diploma) levels graduating about 1000 student this
is insufficient for bringing about technological change in the sector. (b)
India firms invest very little in training it existing workforce and the skill
are limited to existing processes (Chandra 1998); (c) there is an acute
shortage of trained operators and supervisors in India. It is expected that
India firms will have to invest close to Rs.1400 billion by year 2010 to
increase its global trade to $ 50 billion. This kind of investment would
require by our calculations, about 70,000 supervisors and 1.05million
operators in the textile sector and at 1,12,000 supervisors and 2.8 million
operators in the apparel sectors (assuming 80:20 ratio of investment
between textiles and apparel). The real bottleneck to growth is going to be
availability of skilled manpower.
Cycle Time :
Cycle time is the key to competitiveness of a firm as it affects both
price and delivery schedule. Cycle time reduction is strongly correlated
with high first pass yield, high throughput times, and low variability in
process times, low WIP and consequently cost. Indian firms have to
dramatically quite high (Chandra, 2004), Customs must provide a
turnaround time of ½ day for an order before Indian firms can they expect
to become part of larger global supply chains. Indian firms need a strong
deployment of industrial engineering with particular emphasis on cellular
manufacturing.JIT and statistical process control to reduce lead times on
shop floors. Penetration of IT for improving productivity is particularly
low in this sector.

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Innovation & Technology : A review of the products imported from

China to USA during January- April 2005 reveals that the top three
products in terms of percentage increase in import were Tire Cords & Tire
fabrics (843.4% increase over the previous year), None- woven fabrics
(284.1% increase) and textile /fabric finishing Mill products (197.2%
increase) (FICCI,2005). None of these items, however, figure in the list of
imports from India that have gained in these early days of post-MFA.
Entry into newer application domains of industrial textiles, Nano textiles,
home furnishing etc. becomes imperative if we are to grow beyond 5-6%
of global market share as these are areas that are projected to grow
significantly. Synthetic textiles comprise about 50% of the global textile
market. Indian synthetic industry, however, is not well entrenched. The
technology up gradation Fund of government is being used to stimulate
investment in new processes. However, there is little evidence that this
deployment in technology has accompanied changes in the managerial
regimes - a necessary condition for increasing productivity and order
winning ability.

1.9 INTRODUCTION OF SELECTED TEXTILE UNITS

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1.GARDENN SILK MILLS LTD.(GSMLD)

Garden Silk Mills incorporated in 1979 is among the leading fabric
engineer, design maker and a polyester yarn manufacturer in India.
Company’s manufacturing facilities are situated at Vareli and Jolwa in
Surat district in Gujarat, which is the largest polyester market in India.

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Garden Silk Mills manufacturing facilities has received ISO 9001:2000

certified by BVQI for its quality management.
The company has large and talented pool of designers that are
engaged in developing new fabrics, qualities and 2,000 new print ideas
each year. Company is equipped with CAD- CAM technologies.
Apparel division of Garden Silk Mills manufactures and markets
Vareli Business shirts and ready to wear ladies garments. These apparels
are sold across the country.
Garden has marketing network encompasses 68 dealers,18
company owned depots and 293 retail outlets in over 65 cities in India.
Globally, GSML has product presence in countries that includes
U.K., France, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Middle East and Gulf countries, the
U.S.A., Australia, Singapore, Thailand, Hong Kong, Mauritius, South
Africa and Brazil.

Products
Company manufactures PET Chips, polyester yarn and partially
oriented yarn. It also manufactures prepared polyester filament yarn –
draw warped, draw twisted, draw wound and draw texturized.
Under Fabrics, company manufactures fine filament and micro
filament polyester fabrics - georgette's, chiffon's, faille’s jacquards – both
dyed and printed – mainly used Polyester Saris and Dress Material. It has a
production capacity of 42 Lac meters per month of grudge fabric.

Future Prospects
Garden Silk Mills is expanding its draw twisting, draw warping and
polyester spinning capacities. The company is planning to increase the

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capacity by 300 TMD for the production of POY (partially oriented yarn)
and FDY (fully drawn yarn) in coming future.
Garden and Garden Vareli are the brand names of Garden Silk Mills
Limited, a company dedicated for more than 80 years to the design and
creation of high-quality textile prints, fabrics and textile intermediates for
consumers and businesses. Garden Vareli today is in the forefront of
modern Indian textile design by creating innovative products of exacting
quality and beauty, with the highest levels of customer service in the
industry.
The company’s products encompass the entire value chain in
textiles, specializing in the manufacture of polyester filament-based yarns,
textile-grade polyester polymer, and fashion fabrics for women’s outer
wear in polyester and pure cotton. The company is the largest seller of
branded saris and dress materials in India.
Garden Vareli has earned a long-standing reputation among
businesses and customers for its consumer-oriented professional culture,
ethical industrial standards and its state-of-the-art equipment and process
knowhow. It is widely regarded as one of the most sophisticated and
innovative fabric design houses in the country.
Garden Vareli’s network of 70 dealers and 90 retail shop coordinate
480 points-of-sale in India and worldwide. The company currently exports
to a rapidly growing list of more than 20 countries in Europe, the Middle-
East, Asia and North and South America.
Garden Silk Mills Ltd. is a publicly held company listed on the
major Indian stock exchanges. With current annual sales exceeding US
$550 million.

22
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

Table No. 1.1

Garden Silk Mill Net sales
Years 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Net
sales
437.28 514.84 499.65 648.97 953.26 1393.8 1675.2 1332.27 2507.3 3395.49 3506.49
in
crore

(Sources Annual Reports and Accounts from 2002-2003 to 2011-2012)

Graph No. 1.1

The above mentioned Table No.1.1 and Graph No. 1.1 indicted
Garden silk mill Net sales in crore selected study year 2002-2003 to 2011-
2012. Every year Net sales increased Garden silk Mill.

2. ALOK INDUSTRIES LTD. (AILD)

Alok Industries (AILD) was set up in the year 1986. AIL is engaged
in business of yarn, weaving, knitting, processing, home textiles, apparel
fabrics, garments and readymade garments. In 1989 the company set up

23
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

manufacturing facilities for texturising at Silvassa. Later in 1991 it started

weaving operation at Bhiwandi, District Thane. AIL expanded its weaving
capacity (50 Cimmco Looms) at Bhiwandi unit and texturising capacity (3
nos. texturising machines) at Silvassa.
In 1995 the company formed a joint venture with Grabal, Albert
Grabher Gesellshaftmb H& Co of Austria for financial and technical
collaboration to manufacture embroidered products. This led to formation
of Grabal Alok Impex through which AIL control its extensive embroidery
operation.
The company set up its Knitting Division at Silvassa (8 machines) at
Navi Mumbai in 1996. The company expanded its texturising capacity (5
nos. Texturising machines at Silvassa in 1997.Today Alok is amongst the
fastest growing vertically integrated textile companies in India.

Products
The company manufactures apparel fabric, knitted fabrics,
embroidered fabrics, polyester yarn, garments and home textiles. It has
also forayed into retail segment through its 100 percent subsidiary Alok
Retail (India) under the brand name H & A stores. Presently, the company
owns 32 stores.
The company also operates internationally through its acquired
entity Mileta located in the Czech Republic. Mileta is European major in
yarn dyed shirting, handkerchiefs and table linen, which specialises in
high-value premium products. Mileta, Alok together have created apparel
brand such as Mileta, Erba, Cottonova and Lord Nelson.
The company is also engaged in international retailing by taking
strategic stake in a UK based retail company Hamsard 2353, now known
as Grabal Alok (UK). The company has 218 stores under the brand name

24
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

“Store Twenty One” that offers range of garments for women, men and
children and home ware and related accessories. Realty- It owns wholly
owned subsidiary, Alok Infrastructure which has receive contract to
develop 1700,000 square feet of premium office space in Mumbai.

Outlook
The company plans to open total 1,000 H&A retail store in the next
five years.
Table No. 1.2
Alok industry ltd Net sales
Years 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Net
sales in 564.96 792.5 1062.37 1229.33 1419.48 1825.11 2165.21 2973.45 4306.42 6384.29 8900.86
cor.

(Sources Annual Reports and Accounts from 2002-2003 to 2011-2012)

Graph No. 1.2

The above mentioned Table No.1.2 and Graph No. 1.2 indicted Alok
industry Ltd Net sales in crore selected study year 2002-2003 to 2011-

25
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

2012. Starting years low sales after company efforts to sales Every year
Net sales increased Alok industry Ltd.

3. LAXMI MILLS LTD (LMLD)

Laxmi Mills Company was established in the year 1910 by the
Visionary and pioneer late G. Kuppuswamy Naidu. The history of Laxmi
Mills is in many ways the history of the textile industry in Coimbatore.
For close to a century Laxmi Mills has contributed to the
development of the industry by promoting self reliance, research, import
substitution, exports and technology. The company has also demonstrated
its staying power by ensuring quality and customer satisfaction as the
prime objectives. In fact, as a pioneer, Laxmi Mills today is looked upon
with respect and reverence as a company that paved the way for the rest to
follow.
The company celebrated its golden jubilee, diamond jubilee and
platinum jubilee and is now gearing up for the centenary celebration by
2010.The annual turnover of the company is around Rs. 100 cores.

Subsidiaries:
The Laxmi Mills Company Limited has under its wing diverse
concerns that have made their mark in various fields- education, synthetic
machinery and support systems. The companies have contributed in a large
measure to the industry and to society.
Laxmi Automatic Loom Works Limited - Laxmi Automatic Loom
Works Limited (LAL) is the result of collaboration between Ruti and
Sulzer Brothers of Switzerland and Laxmi Mills. The company is an

26
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

ambitious Rs. 90-million project and produces upward of 5000 automatic

looms annually.
Educational Institutions - The Laxmi Mills Group, in conjunction
with the Kuppuswamy Naidu Charity Trust for Education and Medical
Relief, has various educational institutions under its banner. They are
spread across various locations and cover the gamut of the educational
spectrum.

Product range of the company includes:

Yarns-The company manufactures 100% combed cotton yarn from

NE 40s to NE 120s, polyester cotton blended yarn from NE 40s to NE 80s
as well as open end yarn of 10s. Besides, the company manufactures 100%
micro modal yarn, micro modal/cotton blended yarn, 100% micro tencel
yarn, tencel /cotton blended yarn in counts NE 40s to 100s and X-Static
yarns in counts NE 20s to 40s. Fabrics-The company manufactures 100%
cotton, polyester/cotton, 100% micro modal / micro modal/cotton, 100%
polyester and polyester viscose fabrics in 245 looms installed in its
Coimbatore Unit.

Garments-Tyche Life is an exciting, new casual wear brand for

men, women and children, made from super-soft Modal from Lenzing,
Austria. Tyche Life brings international styling, bright colours and exotic
prints. The emphasis is on comfortable fashion, with an uncompromising
commitment to quality.

27
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

Table 1.3
Laxmi mill Ltd Net sales
Years 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Net sales in 164.55 173.86 143.34 149.57 154.19 145.45 103.32 106.56 136.77 175.65 149.42
croer

(Sources Annual Reports and Accounts from 2002-2003 to 2011-2012)

Graph No. 1.3

The above mentioned Table No.1.3 and Graph No. 1.3 indicted
Laxmi mill Ltd Net sales in crore selected study year 2002-2003 to 2011-
2012. Every year Net sales fluctuated high low- high low Laxmi mill Ltd.
4. SHRI DINESH MILLS. (SDMLD)
Shri Dinesh Mills Ltd. Was incorporated on July1, 1935 at Baroda
as Maharani Woolen Mills and received the certificate of commencement
of business on February 17, 1936.ShriDinesh Mills is a composite textile
mill with a very strong presence in the textile industry for more than
60years; manufacturing worsted fabrics menswear), paper makers textiles.
They have scouring and combing plants, top dyeing, worsted and woolen

28
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

spinning, shuttle less weaving and complete fabricshing range for woolen,
poly wool worsted and poly viscose fabrics.
Shri Dinesh Mill markets different products and its marketing setup
is divided for different product segments. At Shri Dinesh Mills Limited, it
has products for:-general consumers, menswear, and industrial consumers -
paper maker's felt industrial textiles Their definition for quality is 'As
perceived by customer'. They believe in up gradation of manufacturing
facilities, quality development and management process besides
development of human resources. The company fabrics go through a series
of hot and cold processes with the use of special detergents, softeners and
other specialty chemicals. These impart a permanent feel, and form to the
fabric which will endure years of exposure to the atmosphere and other
factors like washing, abrasion, stretch, body sweat A Study of Productivity
and Financial Efficiency of Textile Industry of India32etc. Suiting Fabrics
manufactured by it find their way to the consumers' wardrobe via a
network of multi brand outlets spread across the country and also in form
readymade apparels from the fabrics supplied by it to all major garmenters
throughout the country and even abroad.
Product Range of the be offered on specific request Suiting Fabrics
-Suiting Fabrics are an integral part of the fashion industry To satisfy the
demands of every discerning consumer, we have a vast range of weaves
like plains, twills, gabardines, hopsack, barrathea, satins, herringbones and
other fancy fabrics, woven in vibrant colours which are inspired by every
fact of the universe from the sky to the seas, the forests, the mountains and
every awe-inspiring facet of mother earth. For International market it has
been manufacturing and exporting worsted fabrics to various overseas
markets since last 30 Years. It maintains the highest standards of quality to
meet the requirements of its A Study of Productivity and Financial

29
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

Efficiency of Textile Industry of India33discerning customers. It is

exporting its products to various countries continents i.e USA, Canada,
Australia, Europe, Middle East & Far East countries.
Table No 1.4
Shri Dinesh Mills Ltd Net sales
Years 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Net sales in croer 41.64 48 53.12 57.08 66.31 72.66 76.05 79.24 79.84 82.49 86.49

(Sources Annual Reports and Accounts from 2002-2003 to 2011-2012)

Graph No1.4
The above mentioned Table No.1.4 and Graph No. 1.4 indicted Shri
Dinesh mill Ltd Net sales in crore selected study year 2002-2003 to 2011-
2012. Every year Net sales increase Shri Dinesh mill Ltd.
5. MAFATLAL LTD (MFCLD)
The story of the Mafatlal Group is a stirring saga of a blend of
traditional values and modern technology triumphing over circumstances.
Mr. Mafatlal Gagalbhai the founder was born in 1873, to a weaver of
Ahmedabad. His father, who was neither educated nor prosperous, made a
living by doing odd jobs. It wasn't long before a young Mafatlal, who was

30
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

still in his early teens, had to leave school to help his father peddle textile
products. With goods hanging from their shoulders, both father and son
would scour the countryside in search of buyers. Some of the buyers
proved to be Mr. Mafatlal's benefactors in later years, when he
metamorphosed into an industrialist. They not only provided him with
capital, but also gave it at low rates of interest.
Driven by curiosity and ambition, he took up a job as a mill-hand.
He wanted to understand the entire gamut of operations; his big break
came only at the age of 31. Along with Chandulal Mahadevia, a friend, and
Arthur Shorrock, an Englishman who knew some British textile-machinery
manufacturers in Lancashire, he took over the management of a small mill
in Ahmedabad, and named it the Shorrock Mill. Of the initial equity capital
of Rs 3.25 lakhs, Mr. Mafatlal picked up 30 shares of Rs 1,000 each while
his father picked up another 30 shares. Along with his partners, he evolved
an innovative scheme to raise the rest of the funds. In those days, business
concerns were run by managing agencies. So, the enterprising partners
promised investors a Share in the managing agency. The first mill did
extremely well, and Mr. Mafatlal developed an appetite for expansion. Six
years later, in 1912, he bought a mill in neighbouring Nadiad for Rs 6.26
lakhs. The second mill was christened New Shorrock. For Mafatlal and the
others in the textile business, the War years were the years of prosperity
and expansion. Although the partnership was doing well, Mr. Mafatlal
wanted to do something on his own. So, in 1916, he bought Jaffer Ali Mill,
which was founded by the Nawab of Surat and renamed it Surat Cotton
Spinning & Weaving Mills. Three years later, Mr. Mafatlal came to
Mumbai, taking over the China Mill, which had been set up by a Parsi
family in 1887.

31
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

It was in the 1970's and 1980's, under the leadership of Mr. Arvind
Mafatlal, that the existing business was consolidated. The Group also
diversified into Information Technology, Chemicals and the Engineering
Industry. The late 1980's saw the Group further diversifying into the
Financial Service Industry, Gas Distribution and later into Healthcare
business. From 1995 onwards, the strategy has been to focus on the Core
Competence viz. Textiles and Chemicals and divest from other businesses.
Today, Chairman Mr. Hrishikesh Mafatlal, provides the strategic vision for
Arvind Mafatlal Group, as it strides ahead with ambitious plans for the
future.
Table No.1.5
Mafatlal company Ltd Net sales
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Net sales in
390.39 158.13 168.01 140.46 144.55 384.17 138.23 152.66 670.61 143.75 797.49
croer

(Sources Annual Reports and Accounts from 2002-2003 to 2011-2012)

Graph No. 1.5

32
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

The above mentioned Table No.1.5 and Graph No. 1.5 indicted
Mafatlal company Ltd Net sales in crore selected study year 2002-2003 to
2011-2012. Every year Netsales fluctuated Mafatlal company Ltd.

6. RAYMOND LTD (RMCLD)

Raymond was incorporated in 1925 and is a leading Indian textile
major. The company is part of global conglomerate Raymond Group.
Raymond was the first in 1959 to introduce a poly wool blend in India to
creating the world's finest suiting fabric the Super 240s made from the
superfine 11.6 micron wool. It produces wool-blended and premium
polyester viscose worsted suiting. Besides, textile company has also
diversified in engineering and aviation. Raymond is largest manufacturer
of steel files in the world accounting 30% of market share.
Raymond’s textile plant is located in Thane, Vapi and Chhindwara.
These plants have received various certifications such as ISO 9001 for
quality management systems and ISO 14001 Environment Control
Systems.
Businesses
Textile- Under this it manufactures worsted fabrics, wool and wool
blended fabrics. It has production capacity of 33 million meters per annum
and has a product range of nearly 20000 design and colours. The company
exports to over 55 countries that include USA, Canada, Europe, Japan and
the Middle East. It retails the products through 30,000 stores in over 400
towns across India.
Engineering- It has three engineering divisions namely JK Files &
Tools, JK Talabot and Ring Plus Aqua. It manufactures steel files, tools,
Starter Ring Gears, Flex plate Flywheel Assembly, Profile Sheet Formed
Metal Pulleys and Integral Shaft Water Pump Bearings. The export

33
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

performance has been recognized continually year on year by the

Engineering Export Promotion Council of India and the Engineering Files
Panel of India. Aviation- The company was one of the first corporate
houses to launch Air Charter Services in India in 1996. It owns 1Ecureuil
AS 355N Twin Engine Helicopter, 2 Bell 206 L3 Long Ranger Helicopters
and 1 Challenger CL-604 Business Jet Aircraft.
Awards
The Business world Most Respected Company Award 2011 in the
Apparel & Textile category. Raymond has been ranked 20th in 'The Brand
Trust Report, India Study, 2011'. Images Fashion Awards 2009 – Most
Admired Textile Brand of the Year The company received Most Admired
Suiting Brand of the Year at Lyrca Images Fashion Awards
2008.Raymond was honoured with 'All India Export Award' for being the
Star Performer of 2006 in the hand tools Category from Engineering
Export Promotion Council (EEPC) of India. It was awarded ‘Outstanding
Exporter Award' in the engineering category at DHL&CNBC TV18
International Trade Awards 2006-07.

34
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

Table No. 1.6

Raymond company Ltd Net sales
Years 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Net
sales in 885.05 950.21 1030.22 1167.18 1334.51 1300.36 1337.54 1400.21 1356.68 1501.55 1822
croer

(Sources Annual Reports and Accounts from 2002-2003 to 2011-2012)

Graph No 1.6
The above mentioned Table No.1.6 and Graph No. 1.6 indicted
Raymond company Ltd Net sales in crore selected study year 2002-2003 to
2011-2012. Every year Net sales increase Raymond company Ltd.
7. DIGJAM LTD (DGCLD)
DIGJAM Limited took off its journey in the worsted textile industry
almost 6 decades ago at Jamnagar, Gujarat. Coming from the established
and esteemed stable of S K Birla Group, Digjam initiated its journey with
same inherent group values and principles of integrity, commitment and
customer-satisfaction. Today, it has garnered the respectable and solid
stand in the clothing and fashion industry catering ever-growing demands
of both domestic and international markets.

35
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

As the leading textile company of India, manufacturing suiting

fabrics, Digjam has kept re-inventing itself keeping pace with the changing
trends. With ultra-modern setup in the form of vertically integrated plant,
Digjam's shining success roots from here. This modern citadel of
technological excellence includes the state of the art production facilities
specially imported from France, Germany, Switzerland and Italy to convert
wool tops to finished fabrics through different processes of Dyeing,
Spinning, Weaving and Finishing. If state of the art production facilities
weave magic with fabric, then stringent quality checks at every stage adds
sheen to the name Brand Digjam who shines bright with the highest
quality. It's a proud fact that reflects in the prestigious ISO 9001
certification. To keep pace and move ahead, Digjam keeps expanding its
production capacity as per the industry-demands.
Andersen Consulting, a leading management and corporate advisors
agency, undertook a major review of the operational parameters of our
textile company. Following a thorough review of the operating and
marketing practices, recommendations were made which now form the
basis of our strategic marketing and manufacturing thrusts. The company
has also initiated steps to strengthen its organization and inducted the
youth and skills necessary to attain results from this strategic shift-cum-
consolidation exercise.
DIGJAM has a high-end fabric brand presence in the domestic
market, reputed for its finish and quality. The company manufactures over
3000 design-shade combinations each year in Light Wool, Polyester Wool
and Woolen fabrics for the DIGJAM brand alone. Exceptional fabrics – a
result of constant and deep research helps Digjam to catch varied design
trends for discerning needs and keeps it future ready. In the new
millennium, DIGJAM introduced super- premium fabrics designed by

36
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

European experts (with whom we work regularly and extensively)

comprising fine wool yarn of Super 150s and Super 120s and occasionally
blended with exotic.
Fiber like silk or cashmere
The all round impact is visible with the influx of international, and
domestic products and brand in formal wear. Indian customer has choice
today, but we are determined to make and sustain our mark with fulfilling
every single need.
In the future also, the DIGJAM brand will increasingly reflect both
tradition and modernity in its positioning, product range and marketing
approach. We intend to position the brand as the clear favourite for a
wider, but demanding clientele with special emphasis on becoming the
preferred premium choice for the youthful consumer. This segment offers
a high potential in terms of market size and also presents a tougher
challenge to us in terms of providing satisfaction. DIGJAM's superior
product quality is at par with global standards and many of the world's best
readymade brands use fabrics produced by us. A major proportion of our
output is exported to USA, Europe, Middle East and Far East. This bodes
well for our future as we see ourselves as one of the largest manufacturer
of textile from India Our marketing thrust will over time impact all facets
of the brand's interface with consumers, including new product
introductions, consumer promotions and the rich retail experience.
DIGJAM products and their ranges are available at its exclusive
showrooms and over 4000 other retail outlets across the country’s.

37
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

Table No 1.7
Digjam company Ltd. Net sales
Years 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Net sales in 233.03 276.19 333.74 296.14 29.14 108.02 111.05 139.93 185.93 80.81 180.87
croer

(Sources Annual Reports and Accounts from 2002-2003 to 2011-2012)

Graph No.1.7
The above mentioned Table No.1.7 and Graph No. 1.7 indicted
Digjam company Ltd Net sales in crore selected study year 2002-2003 to
2011-2012 Starting years high and last few years low fluctuated Net sales
Digjam company Ltd.
8. SIYARAM SILK MILLS LTD (SSMLD)
Siyaram Silk Mills, incorporated in 1978, is a leading producer of
blended fabrics in India. The company is one of the most renowned
vertically integrated textile companies in the country. It operates the wide
strange of latest machinery in its eco–friendly plant at Tarapur, Daman and
Mumbai. With over 4 million metres of fabric produced per month,

38
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

Siyaram has achieved the status of the leading textile manufacturer in the
country. Its in–house production facility consisting of spinning, dyeing,
weaving and finishing plus garmenting enables it to present a wide
offering of yarns, fabric, home textiles and apparels.
The Siyaram brand retails in over 40,000 outlets across the country.
Its exclusive retail outlets offer the entire range of Siyaram brand.The
company has the largest weaving infrastructure with over500 looms of
both dobby and Jacquard. It has the capacity to process 48 million metres
of suiting, shirting and home textiles fabrics each year.
Products
 Yarn – It has a production capacity of 700 metric tonnes of yarn per
month in a wide range of compositions ranging from polyester, cotton,
viscose, wool and linen. It produces dyed yarns such as space dyed yarns,
heavy denier multicolour fancy yarns, embroidery and selvedge yarns,
fancy dyed knitting yarns and microfilament dyed yarn.
Table No 1.8
Siyaram silk mill Ltd Net sales Net sales
Years 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Net sales in
310.94 320.38 296.17 333.74 393.68 524.54 589.68 647.87 796.22 854.28 915.54
croer
(Sources Annual Reports and Accounts from 2002-2003 to 2011-2012)

Graph No. 1.8

39
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

The above mentioned Table No.1.8 and Graph No. 1.8 indicted
Siyaramsilk mill Ltd Net sales in crore selected study year 2002-2003 to
2011-2012. Every year Net sales increase Siyaram silk mill Ltd.
9. RUBY MILLS LTD (RMLD)
Incorporated in the year, 1917 as a Composite Textile Mill mainly
manufacturing Cottons. The management of the unit was taken over by the
late Shri C N Shah in 1946 and thereafter the mill has been regularly
progressing and manufacturing a wide range of products. From 1959
onwards the management has been under the dynamic leadership of the
Chairman and Managing Director.
The Ruby Mills Ltd., has two plants located at Dadar, Central
Bombay and Dhamni on Bombay-Pune Highway. Since 1996, The Ruby
Mills Ltd., is manufacturing MICRO DOT FUSIBLE INTERLINING &
BASIC INTERLINING, in Technical Collaboration with GYGLI TEXTIL
AG, Switzerland. The Company has been in operation since 1921 with an
Annual Income of Rs. 680 million. A modern Research & Development
Laboratory fully equipped with the latest quality control equipment and
recognised by the Government of India supports these manufacturing
activities.
The Ruby Mills Ltd., has forward integration into Processed Knit
Fabrics in Tubular form. The Company is equipped with imported Sclavos
Soft Flow High Temperature/Low Temperature Dying machines, Spereto
Rhymer Tubular Merceriser, Sentex Balloon Padder, Relax Dryer and
Spereto Rhymer Tubular Compacting machines to produce knitted fabrics
that meet the most exacting International Standard with regard
to Dimensional Stability (Shrinkage) and Colour Fastness.

40
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

Table No 1.9
Ruby mill Ltd. Net sales
Years 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Net sales in 71.87 70.17 74.46 77.11 92.33 103.23 109.32 114.37 143.17 202.44 168.27
croer

(Sources Annual Reports and Accounts from 2002-2003 to 2011-2012)

Graph No. 1.9

The above mentioned Table No.1.9 and Graph No. 1.9 indicted
Ruby mill Ltd Net sales in crore selected study year 2002-2003 to 2011-
2012. Starting years low Net sales,Every year Ruby mill Ltd tray to
increase Net sales.

41
 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

1.10 REFERENCE :
1. Chandrasekhar, C.P.V. Padaki and V. Shanbhag, Growth and
Technical change in a Stagnant Industry. The Case of Textiles,
Industrial Sickness The challenge in Indian Textile ATIRA.
2. Dr.Dhanabhakyam Indian textile An overview coimbture- 46.
3. Mehta, S.D. The Indian cotton Texitle industry – An Economic
Analysis (1953),p.139
4. Badshah, Bhagvanlal, The life of R.B. RanchodlalChotalal (1899).
5. Dutt, R.C. The Economic History of India, vol.i,p. 188.
6. Wilson, Kax. History of Textiles, 1979
7. Sankar, R.M., Modernisation in Textile Mills, AnExploratory Study
Research note, C.L. Centre for Management ATIRA, Dec. 1987.
8. Prafull Anubhai Sickness in Indian Textile Industry, causes and
Remedies, Economic and Political weekly Nov.26 1988.
9. Garden silk mill Ltd Annual reports.(2002-2012).
10. Alok industry Ltd Annual reports. (2002-2012).
11. Laxmi mill Ltd Annual reports. (2002-2012).
12. Shree Dinesh mill Ltd Annual Reports. (2002-2012)
13. Mafatlal Company Ltd Annual Reports.(2002-2012)
14. Raymond Company Ltd Annual Reports. (2002-2012)
15. Digjam Company Ltd Annual Reports. (2002-2012)
16. Siyaram silk mill Ltd Annual Reports. (2002-2012)
17. Ruby mill Ltd Annual Reports. (2002-2012)
18. Textiles companies in India
19. Anthropology and history in textile and clothing research journal
vol.8,14-18 (1990).

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 Chapter - 1 : Introduction of Textile Industry……

20. Financial and commercial Statistics for Britiesh India, compiled in

the Statistical Bureau of the Government of India (1896), pp. 410-
13.
21. www. Atira.org.
22. www. Reports Junction.com
23. www. N.S.E. India Financial Reports.
24. WWW. Shine.com
25. WWW. en. Wiki pedia.org
26. WWW. Money control.com
27. Research journal & Magazine, News paper.

………

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