LANDING G E AR SY STE MS

f u n c t io n s OF LANDING G E AR

• T o provide means of maneuvering aircraft

on ground.

• T o support aircraft at a convenient height

and give clearance for propellers, flaps etc .

• T o absorb the kinetic energy of landing and

decelerate the aircraft.

LANDING G E AR LAY OUTS

• Tricycle Layout
• Tail Draggcr

ADVANTAG E S OF TRICY CLE LAY OUT

• No danger of aircraft tipping over onto its
nose.
• Improved forward view on ground for pilot.
• G ives a much more level platform for
loading.
FIXE D LANDING G E AR SHOCK ABSORBTION
SYSTE MS
• Torque Link - Rotary movement of inner
cylinder is stopped and up and dow n
movement limited.
• G as
• Supports weight of aircraft on
ground
• Cushions bumps during taxiing

I.Spring steel legs • Absorbs shock on landing

I

• usually employed at main under carriage • Fluid

position.
• Tube or strip of tapered spring steel with one Dampen the oscillations and control
the rate of movement of the pistons
end boiled to the fuselage and other end
terminating at axle.

2.Rubber Cord Landing G ear System

• Landing force is directed against a number

of turns of rubber in the form of a loop
 • Side loads ( cross wind landings, take-offs,
and taxiing)
• Flutter Valve
• Side struts.

• Torsion ( G round manoeuvring)

• Torque links

• Limit the rate of movement when

the strut is extending than when it is
contracting.
• G AS LE AK
• Strut extending not as far as iI
should be, with aircraft standing on
ground.
• Uneven amount of Fescalized metal
showing on each main gear.

RE TRACTABLE LANDING G E ARS

• improves the performance of
aircrafts.
• Retraction can be effected by •
o Hydraulic
System.(commonly used)
o Pneumatic System,
o E lectrical System

Loads Sustained by Retractable Landing

G ear Units

• Compressive loads ( Static and touch down)

• Olco pneumatic struts

• Rearward bending ( Braking)

• Drag Struts
 NOSE G E AR UNDE R CARRIAG E

NOSE WHE E L SHIMMY

Rapid sinusoidal oscillation or vibration induced to
nose wheel undercarriage due to flexibility of tyre
side walls is known as shimmy
CASTORING
WHAT CAUSE S SHIMMY ?
• Castoring is the ability of the nose wheel to
• Broken torque links,
turn to cither side in response to differential
braking or thrust, or aerodynamic forces on • Wear in wheel bearings
rudder.
• Uneven tyre pressure
NOSE WHE E L STE E RING
HOW TO RE DUCE SHIMMY ?
1.DIFFE RE NTIAL BRAKING
• Provision of hydraulic lock across steering
• Works in conjunction with nose wheel or jack piston.
tail wheel castoring.
• Fitting a hydraulic damper.
• Used if nose wheel steering fails ( in
modem day aircrafts). • Fitting heavy self centering springs

2. HY DRAULICALLY POWE RE D • Double nose wheels.

STE E RING SYSTE MS
G E AR POSITION INDICATION
When the tiller is turned it moves the control
• G reen light - landing gear is down and
vaive from the centre position. This ports fluid
locked.
to the steering actuators causing the nose gear
to turn. • Red light - landing gear is in transit.

When the nose wheel reaches the selected angle • No light - undercarriage is locked up.
the follow up linkage will centralize the control
valve, shutting off the fluid to the actuators.
 g ear sel ec t o r l o c k

• Prevent inadvertent retraction when the • Landing gear free falls under its own
aircraft is resting on its wheels. weight.

• A safety device is used which prevents

the movement of selector lever.

• It consist of a spring loaded plunger

which retains selector in down position
and released by the operation of a
solenoid

• E lectrical power to the solenoid is

controlled by a switch mounted on the
shock absorber strut.

• When the strut is compressed the switch

is open, but as the strut is extends, the
electrical supply to the solenoid is
completed , thus releasing the pressure
on selector lever

G ROUND LO CKS

• These are metal sleeves or pins which

interfere with the operation of the
landing gear such that it is impossible
for gear to move when they are in
position.

• These are fitted with warning flags

which will prevent the crew from
getting air bone with them still in
position.

E ME RG E NCY LOWE RING SY STE M

• It is a means of extending the landing

gear and locking it in that position in
case of main system failure .

• Up locks arc released mechanically or

electrically by manual selection.