Created by Daniel Davidov

Theme 4 – Fixation and stabilization of PRAD

1. Enumerate stabilising and supporting elements of partial removable acrylic denture.
Stability and supporting elements of PRAD (classification):
1. Prefab element (clasps and special system)
2. Morpho-functional elements (cheecks, muscles adhesion, remain teeth).
Simple clasps:
1. Simple acrylic clasp, fixed on :-
*Tooth *Aveolar process. *Mixed.
2. Simple metalic clasps:-
*Plane clasps *Wire clasps.
3. Simple acryl-metalic clasp.
Special systems:
1. Telescopic system consist of:
*Cylindric cap. *Artificial crown.
2. Dolder system.
Morpho-functional elements:
1) Cheeks
2) Muscles
3) Adhesion
4) Remain teeth
5) Some anatomical structures: (frenum, exostoses, internal and external oplique line, tuberosity)

2. Requirements to metal clasp made of wire.

*To be rigid and at the same time maintain elastic properties
*Not to have sharp ends
*Not to have corrosion
*To withstand pressure applied on them during chewing.
*Must cover more than 2/3 of vestibular aspect of the tooth
*Must be located till 1.5 mm under the equator.
*Not to harm the gingiva

3. How to choose the clasps line? Its practical value.

Clasps lines-line which passes through support teeth. This lines is axis surround which can be rotation of the
prosthesis.
3 direction of lines:
1. Transversal direction
2. Sagittal direction.
3. Oblique directon (diagonal)
3 types of fixation of prosthesis:
1. Pointed (1 support teeth for clasp)
2. Liniar (sagittal ,transversal, diagonal)=clasp lines should passes the equal
path. Of base of prosthesis.
3. Plane (3 and more support teeth).
Indication:
1. For upper jaw better diagonal line 2. For lower jaw  better transversal lines.

4. Components of clasps and its position.

Dental segment – located at sub-equatorial line (hangs about 2/3 of the tooth surface)
Elastic segment – located between the dental segment and the fixing segment (2 mm length)
Fixing segment – located inside the acrylic part (at least 1.5 mm)
 Created by Daniel Davidov

5. Enumerate the more often used types of clasps.

*Cervico-occlusial open clasps.
*Cervico-alveolar open clasp.
*Cervico-occlusal turned clasp.
*Circular clasp by jackson and adams
*Muco-aveolar clasp
*Dento-gingival clasp by kemmeny
*Telescopic clasp consists of prosthetic elements: - Cylindrical cap -Artificial crown
*Dolder system.

6. The differents between Jackson and Adams clasps?

7. Indications to telescopic clasps manufacturing. The position of clasp elements with regard to
supporting tooth and prosthetic base. .
In case of natural teeth. After endodontic treatment, a metalic cap is designed in a 0 degree of conicity,
which will be cemented to the prepared teeth.
A second metalic cap, which will fit exactly on the first metalic cap, is positioned inside the PARD (shouldn't
be seen from exteriorly) and fixed with acrylic resin to the denture.
Now, introducing the PARD on the telescopic crowns (first crowns), will give us the
functional telescopic system of PRAD.

8. What is Dolder system and indications to its manufacturing.

•Patients with poor prognosis for complete dentures

•In maxilla –in cases with excessive vertical overlap of anterior teeth
•Unilateral overdenture with bone loss is excessive on one side of the arch
 Created by Daniel Davidov

9. Anatomic formings taken into consideration at planing the treatment.

*Degree of support teeth inclination
*Degree of support teeth mobility
*Form of the alveolar processes, hard palate and maxillary tuberosity
*Type of the mucosa
*Presence or absence of pathological processes at the prosthetic field.

10. Byomecanics of partial removable acrylic prosthesis.

*By the action of horizontal (lateral) forces  the saddle of the prosthesis will be act on oral slope of
alveolar process (from one side) on the opposite side act on vestibular slope.
*The force that acts on posterior part of saddles will make deeper and displace the prosthesis posterior.
*In the region of retainer teeth on the side of acting force  the saddle of prosthesis will go away from the
prosthetic field.
*On the opposite side the clasp will displace the retainer tooth orally, but the saddle will go away from
prosthetic field.
*Under influence of masticatory forces RD can be displaced in vertical, transversal and sagittal directions.

11. Types and indications to Kemeny clusps manufacturing.

In 1952-1961 Kemeny has offered to fixing the partial removable dentures with using the dento-alveolar
clasps(img. 357, 409). This clasps was manufactured from the basis plastic, and in frontal site — from the
transparent plastic. The dentures with these fixating elements Kemeny has named retential. Additional
coverage of vestibular surface of alveolar process was supplya good stabilization of denture, promotes
reductionof vertical loading and amortization the horizontal pushes.

12. Types and indications to combined clusps manufacturing.

a. ½ clasp is circlet and ½ clasp is Bar type or
b. Combination of two types of metals-Chrome-cobalt and wrought wire