Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Report Group 10 - Sample
Report Group 10 - Sample
BJMP 3073
PURCHASING MANAGEMENT AND SUPPLY CHAIN
SECOND SEMESTER SESSION 2018/2019
REPORT TOPIC:
CHAPTER 16: OTHERS SUPPLY RESPONSIBILITIES
CHAPTER 17: SUPPLY FUNCTION EVALUATION AND TREND
PREPARED FOR
DR. ADAM BIN MOHD SAIFUDIN
PREPARED BY GROUP 10
GROUP A & B
I certify that I have read and understood the plagiarism policy of the Faculty of Business
Management, UUM.
I certify that this assignment is my own work; based on personal study and research, and that I have
acknowledged all material and sources in the preparation of this assignment.
I certify that myself or another person has not previously submitted the assignment, for
assessment in any other unit or at any other time.
I have not copied in part or whole or otherwise plagiarized the work of other students or persons.
Signed Date:
IMPORTANT: Please note that assignments will not be accepted without a completed cover sheet attached.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to express our deepest appreciation to all those who provided
us the possibility to complete this project.
Firstly, a special gratitude we give to our beloved and best lecturer, Dr.Adam
Bin Mohd Saifudin, whom contributes in stimulating suggestions and ideas in order for us
to come out with the quality report. He always helped us to coordinate our project especially
in writing this report and monitor our progress to make sure that they finished according to
the schedule given. We also would like to thanks him for his willingness to sacrifice his
time to give us valuable experience, enhance our thinking skills, and at the same time share
his great experience in order for us to be a better fresh graduate to the outside world. He
always encourages us to think out of the box and open our mind to think broadly. He teaches
us to be more independent in everything and polish our problem solving skills.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report was written based on Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
(ACM) after we had a site visit on 22nd of March 2019. The report was prepared based on
our chapter in the reference books of Purchasing Management and Supply Chain Chapter
16, Other Supply Responsibilities and Chapter 17, Supply Function Evaluation and trends.
In this report, we are able to identify and get a lot of information about ACM
we get to know how ACM was formed, when is ACM establish, ACM company
background, the products manufactured by ACM, how their operation runs in the company
and much more related information and is very useful and beneficial to us.
Porter’s five forces have also been used in this report which serves as a tool to
identify and analysing the competition of a business and in this case. Porter’s five forces
we were able to identify the competitors of ACM. The five forces included threats of new
entrants, threat of substitute products or services, bargaining power of customers,
bargaining power of suppliers, and also competitive rivalry. Through Porter’s five forces,
the company can assess industry attractiveness to understand whether new products or
services are potentially profitable and where should the company compete and position
itself to identify strengths, improve weaknesses and avoid mistakes. Besides, PESTEL
analysis has also been used to analyse the external factors that can bring impact to ACM.
PESTEL stands for political, economic, social, technology, environmental and legal.
Next, one of the most important parts of this report is the organization strategies
which consist of three parts, which are corporate strategies, business strategies and also
functional strategies. In the organization strategies part, we are able to identify the corporate
strategies, business strategies and also functional strategies of ACM. Besides that, this
report also consists of SWOT and TOWS of ACM which is related to our chapter which is
Other Supply Responsibility and; Supply Function Evaluation and Trends. SWOT stands
for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats meanwhile TOWS is a tool for strategy
generation and selection.
As a conclusion, from this report, we had identified the background of ACM,
Porter’s five forces of ACM, the PESTEL, organization strategies as well as the SWOT and
TOWS.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 COMPANY BACKGROUND 2-8
2.1 Company Overview 2
2.2 Logo of the Company 4
2.3 Vision 4
2.4 Objective 4
2.5 Core Value 5
2.6 Location 5
2.7 Management of the Company 6
2.8 Current Plan of Company 7
2.9 Product of the Company 7
2.10 Certificate of the Company 8
3.0 INDUSTRIAL PROFILE: PORTER’S FIVE FORCES 9-13
3.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 9
3.2 Bargaining Power of Customers 10
3.3 Competitive Rivalry 11
3.4 Threat of New Entrants 12
3.5 Threat of Substitutes 13
4.0 PESTEL ANALYSIS 14-19
4.1 Politics 14
4.2 Economics 15
4.3 Social 16
4.4 Technology 17
4.5 Environment 17
4.6 Legal 18
5.0 ORGANIZATION STRATEGIES 19
5.1 Corporate Strategy 20
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7.4.3 Recommendation 63
8.0 CONCLUSION 64-65
9.0 REFERENCES
66-71
APPENDIX A
72-73
APPENDIX B
74-77
APPENDIX C
78
APPENDIX D
79-81
APPENDIX E
82
APPENDIX F
83-95
APPENDIX G
96-97
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List of Figures
Figure 1: Sky View of Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn, Bhd, (ACM)
Figure 2: Logo of Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
Figure 3: Maps of Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
Figure 4: Organizational Chart and Top Management of Aerospace Composites Malaysia
Sdn. Bhd.
Figure 5: Product of the Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
Figure 6: Certificate of Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
List of Diagrams
Diagram 1: Porter’s Five Forces of Competitive Position Analysis
Diagram 2: PESTEL Analysis of ACM
Diagram 3: Organizational strategy
Diagram 4: Operational Process Flow of the Aerospace Composite Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
Diagram 5: Waste Management Process flow of the Aerospace Composite Malaysia Sdn.
Bhd.
List of Tables
Table 1: SWOT Analysis
Table 2: TOWS Analysis
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
The report has been prepared related to the Purchasing and supply management in
Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. (ACM) which is located at Bukit Kayu Hitam,
Kedah that manufactures flat and contoured primary and secondary structure composite
bond assemblies and sub-assemblies for aerospace industries. The company offers aileron
skins, spoilers and spars; and flat panels, leading edges, tailing edges and miscellaneous
components. This company operates as a joint venture between Boeing Worldwide
Operations Limited and Hexcel Corp. This report has been done by referring to our
reference book which is “Purchasing and Supply Management” by the authors P. Fraser
Johnson which provide the information on other supply responsibilities and; performance
evaluation and trends. We have related the content of our report with Chapter 16 which is
“Other Supply Responsibilities” and Chapter 17 which is “Supply Function Evaluation and
Trends” in the Purchasing and Supply Chain Management book. (Johnson, 2020).
Precious knowledge and input about the supply chain management by ACM have
been gained through a site visit which is conducted by the Material Planning Manager of
ACM on 22nd March 2019. Through this opportunity given by ACM we were able to get a
lot of the information on the whole process and operation of the supply chain of the
company in much detail. Even though our group did not get the opportunities to see directly
the production process, but we manage to see on our own eyes the product and component
produce by ACM, plus with the detail explanation during the interview sessions which is
enough to give us the clear picture on the production process. All the question regarding
the supply chain process had been answer clearly by the Material Planning Manager which
help us a lot to relate with our chapter regarding environment and; supply evaluation and
trend.
All the inputs and details we obtained during the site visit to ACM enable us to
learn a lot of things especially in terms of environmental, supply evaluation and trend.
Organization strategies of ACM are discussed and identified based on these acquired
information and our interview sessions. These important data had also helped us to carry
out SWOT and TOWS analysis of ACM which is the major analysis in our report.
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Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn. Bhd., or had been known as ACM. The
company was founded in 1998 and it based in Bukit Kayu Hitam, Malaysia. ACM operates
as a joint venture between Boeing Worldwide Operations Limited and Hexcel Corp. In
September 2002, ACM get fund $32 million to ACM plant which is officially opened by
Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad (MAIA, n.d.).
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industries. It also offers aileron skins, spoilers, and spars; and flat panels, leading edges,
trailing edges, and miscellaneous components (MAIA, n.d.).
In 2008, Boeing selected ACM to provide the elevator and rudder machined
honeycomb core for the 777. Next, on November 2013, ACM celebrated a 40 percent
expansion to support increased production by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. The $17
million investment allows ACM to continue expanding production of composite flight
surfaces for all Boeing airplane programs, including the 787 Dreamliner. Last but not least,
in 2017, ACM commenced with new 777X work, including composite fixed trailing edge
panels and empennage panels. In May of 2018, ACM was recognized as having an
outstanding safety culture, achieving 5 years and 10 million-man hours without a lost time
due to injuries (MAIA, n.d.).
Next, ACM get their major supplier from 5 countries which is USA, it has 16
vendors that supplying PrePreg, adhesives, core, paint, metallic part and fasteners. The next
country from Canada, have 1 vendor which supply aluminium mesh while from Europe
country it has 3 vendors that supply fabricated metal part and rubber seal. From Korea
(Hize Aero) it supply aluminium strips for 787 program and Singapore it has various
distributorship supplier. In Malaysia, they also get supplier from SMEA, Malaysia that
provide aluminium strip 747 VCK (Slide ACM, 2018).
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2.3 Vision
2.4 Objective
The objectives of ACM are about safety, quality, delivery, value and lean.
For the safety, ACM will maintain a safe and healthy work environment to ensure
their workers, stakeholder, people and other feel safe when they are in their place.
For quality, ACM will provide quality products and services to our customers
which they will ensure their product that had been produce by them will have high
quality products. Meanwhile for delivery, ACM delight their customer by
exceeding their expectations and for value, ACM continuously enhance value to
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their stakeholder. Next for lean, ACM will constantly adapt lean practices and
innovation in all they do (Slide ACM, 2018).
In whatever ACM do, 4 core values will be defining as ACM. Firstly, people
whom it means ACM, really make sure their relationship between the workers in
good relationship because they were a part of successful in ACM. Secondly, it is
an integrity which is about do the right thing and treats others with respect. Thirdly,
the stakeholder success which means ACM will ensure their customer feel them are
important in part of their organization and meanwhile for their customer they will
give their respect to ACM. Lastly, corporate citizenship which is ACM try to
contribute as much as they can to help the society (Slide ACM, 2018).
2.6 Location
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Address: Lot 224, Kawasan Perindustrian Bukit Kayu Hitam, 06050 Bukit Kayu Hitam,
Kedah, Malaysia.
Contact number: +604-922-2777 or +604-921-7700
Email address: contactACM@acmsb.com.my
Social media: Facebook: ACM Bukit Kayu Hitam
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One of the current plans of ACM is implementation new machine. It is one of the
important parts in this company. This is because ACM had a future plan or project that
requires them to install new machine to ensure them had capabilities to run their project
(Interview 1, 2019).
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This style analyzes how much power a business provider has and how much control
it has on the potential to rise its price that can lower business profits. When the number of
suppliers are less, the more power they have. Businesses are in a better position when there
have a large number of suppliers (Martin, 2018). ACM has purchased various inputs of raw
materials from suppliers that contribute to different costs (Interview 1, 2019). Strong
suppliers can use their negotiating leverage to impose higher prices or demand better terms
from industry competitors that lower industry profits (Harvard Business School, 2008). If
there are only one or two suppliers in supplying an important input product, ACM will
incur losses on the product being produced. For example, ACM as a buyer has assumed
that the cost offered is very expensive or takes a long time to ship raw materials on time
and then the supplier company will be bargaining power of purchase order. There are some
suppliers in Malaysia who support all Boeing Commercial Airplanes (boeing, 2013). They
consist of composite panels, main structural assemblies, engine fans, precision machine
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parts, and landing gear and avionics systems (boeing, 2013). ACM also has indirect supply
chain and direct purchase (Interview 1, 2019). Direct purchase is the receipt of goods
directly from the supplier itself without charging the transportation. Direct purchase also
has certain items that can be delivered on their own. Purchase indirectly also purchases of
support items to manufacture products in operational use such as machines. ACM import
the materials from United States, Singapore, Korea, UK and China to get quality raw
material for company (Interview 1, 2019). The power of the supplier can help ACM to
practice planning, analyze how much they want to buy, satisfy the quality and order
purchase orders process.
Buying power is lower when costumers purchase products in small amounts and
the seller’s product is very different from any of competitor (Martin, 2018). Power for
buyers is fairly high in the aerospace manufacturing industry (Gregory, 2009). ACM takes
great care on the assessment of the delivery, service and quality of a product so customers
can receive satisfaction on the product it purchases. ACM also uses purchase orders to
order raw materials from suppliers (Interview 1, 2019). ACM is responsible for ensuring
the quality of raw materials received by suppliers to meet customers need. This force
examines the power of the consumer and their effect on pricing and quality of products
(Martin, 2018).
ACM Company often force aggressive to produce a quality material for aircraft
manufacturers. Airlines ordering a large number of planes like countries such as China,
who combines orders from state-run airlines, can press for astonishing discounts from the
prime contractors (Gregory, 2009). These orders are a relatively large percentage of the
aerospace prime contractors' total sales, so buyers are in a valuable position to demand
price reductions (Gregory, 2009). The switching costs for aircraft and engines are very low,
which increases the buyers' power. ACM has many regular and loyal customers with their
service such as HE BAA (Australia), CCAC (China), MHI (Avi Industry), Sprit Aero
system (Subang) and Nikesoo (Vietnam) (Interview 1, 2019). Customers are very satisfied
with the quality of products marketed by ACM.
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ACM must be wise in managing chemical waste when making the engine parts of
the airplane and not harming the people around. ACM also must keep the market so that
marketable products are always known throughout the country and can compete with
competitors and also can increase profit (Interview 1, 2019). This force examines how
intense the competition currently in the marketplace which is determined by the number of
existing competitors and what each can do (Martin, 2018).
ACM desperately seek to win large orders from airlines to try to recover their high
fixed costs and their large investments required to develop new aircraft’s components
(Gregory, 2009). Increasing use of ACM in the exterior and interior of commercial and
military aircraft is driving the growth of the aerospace composites market across the globe
(Research and Markets, 2017). However, high processing and manufacturing costs and also
lack of standardization in aerospace composites manufacturing technologies are the factors
expected to restrain the growth of the ACM market during the forecast (Research and
Markets, 2017).The industry’s prime contractors are equally balanced and have very little
differentiation in their product lines which increases even more the intensity of the
competition (Gregory, 2009).
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This force considers easy or difficult for competitors to join the marketplace in the
industry. The barriers to entry include absolute cost advantages, access to inputs,
economics of scale and well-recognized brands (Martin, 2018). When more companies
compete for the same market share, profits start to decrease. It is essential for existing
organizations to create high barriers to enter the new entrants (Jurevicius, 2013). ACM
always strives to create new products to ensure that the products are made to achieve the
goals set and meet the market requirements.
The threat for entry into the commercial aerospace industry the aircraft is very low.
New aircraft components require extremely high investments accompanied with great risk
and inability to get a positive return on that investment for many years (Gregory, 2009).
ACM has a long learning or experience due to its complex assembly and testing operations
and workers performing to do complicated tasks. ACM also required the training workers
to help the processes manufacture aircraft’s components and identify and separate scrap
materials (Interview 1, 2019). Aircraft industry can understand this learning curve after
many years of continuous investment in research and development. Now, the worldwide
aerospace industry has well-established firms with an abundance of resources to react
against any potential entrants (Gregory, 2009).
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This force is threatening when buyers can easily find substitute products with
attractive prices or better quality. There is when the buyers can switch from one product or
service to another to the lower cost (Jurevicius, 2013). When a new product cannot meet
the requirements that ACM wants to produce the product and will be reduce the profit.
ACM must always evaluate and focus on quality, price, delivery and service in marketing
a product to a higher market (Interview 1, 2019). Competitors make a lower prices and
quality compare to the ACM has being examined and how much of a profit that competitors
can earning to determine if they can lower their costs even more (Martin, 2018).
ACM Company has no substitute’s product. There is high possibility of risk if there
is other company produces the same product as ACM. To produce a specific component of
the airplane, it needs a high cost, skilled workers, advance technology and professional
suppliers. Since this is a monopoly production, there is a low possibility to have another
company to produce same product as ACM. This airplane product is not easily can be
access by other company and it is difficult to find a new supplier to support this kind of
product. The airplane is difficult to find opportunities and expand the business into the
diversification involving composites aircraft interiors, aircraft seats and transportations.
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Politics
Legal Economics
ACM
Environment Sosial
Technology
4.1 Politics
Politics factors are related to the pressure and opportunities that have actually
brought by the political institutions and also to what degree the government policies are
like to give the impact to the business of that company. Aerospace Composite Malaysia
Sdn. Bhd. (ACM) has many suppliers across the world. The major supplier that ACM
imported their raw material is from Canada, Korea, UK, Singapore, Austria and USA. All
of this country may have their own government policies that ACM may need to follow.
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operation. However, this is the risk that will take places for the ACM that they need to take
precautions action if it occurs. Not all country has a good deplumation with Malaysia.
Moreover, ACM is the American company that operates by Malaysian. Here the
government policies issue will take place as them became a risk for the ACM to continue
their relationship with their supplier in others country that doesn’t have a deplumation
relationship with Malaysia or any issue regarding the political issues with Malaysia
(Interview 1, 2019).
On the other hand, the rule of regulation and law is also one of the political issue
that related with ACM. Most of ACM raw materials that they purchased from the other
countries are likely will be transported by sea transportation, therefore they will fall under
every rule and regulation and law of the country. Even though the freight transportation
will be covered by the supplier it is still will give an impact to the ACM as they will be
facing the risk of their raw material that they purchased form that supplier (Interview 1,
2019).
4.2 Economics
The economic recession and financial crisis have caused people to reduce their
spending especially on travel. This reduction in passenger demand has led to cancellation
of aircrafts orders. However in the fast growing economies countries like China and India,
there is an increase in spending on air travel, which caused the increase in demand for
aircrafts in those countries. As they have a news on sales cancellation on a global scale in
aircraft manufacturer of Boeing. According to Aerotime.aero portal, Boeing had a total of
5,011 737 Max 8 orders, including 4,661 of them as a backlog, as of January 31 this year
(Bahari, Boieng may face sales cancellation on global scale, 2019). ACM are the only
Boeing Company that produce fuel dock for Boeing in Malaysia aircraft this issue will
surely give impact for ACM to continue their operation, and will make ACM lost their
profit if the issue is keep rising. Besides that, there are other effects on economics, such as,
the fluctuation in the fuel prices, the congestion and other environmental restrictions, as
well as the prospect of higher security and insurance costs to reflect the risk of terrorism.
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The global tourism industry trend also has the impact on the sales of the aircrafts.
In aircraft industry basically ACM does not have any competitors in Boeing sector the only
rival they have are from the CTRM Company in Melaka it is an Airbus company from
Europe it’s owned by the PRB HI-COM Company (Interview 1, 2019). ACM said that they
don’t want to make any competitors or a rival in aircraft industry as they were the only
company in Malaysia that manufactured part for Boeing and also CTRM for Airbus.
According to ACM, they actually wanted to build a good relationship with CTRM so they
can help each other and maintain the economic for both company in aircraft industry in
Malaysia (Interview 1, 2019).
4.3 Social
Social factor is more related to the culture aspects, the community of that company
has been involved for their business and social aspect. Besides that, the attitude and beliefs
also are the factor in social issues that will certainly affect the company business operates.
ACM also contributes to helping people who in needs. All the scarps and wasted from the
ACM which have a value that they can obtain by selling it, they will donor it for those who
in needs under the Cooperate Social Responsibilities (CSR) Program. ACM has been
actively involved in community engagement initiative through various welfare and
charitable activities. All the profit they got from selling those scraps or wasted totally will
goes to the CRS Program and charity event.
Moreover, in ACM they have their own team that need to cope with their working
time or office hour according to the foreign company which is their customers or their
supplier. For example, the working hour for 8:00am in USA is 11:00pm in Malaysia.
Therefore, the workers need to start working on that time, unlike the normal time zone in
Malaysia. This team consist 5 to 7 people. They are responsible with the foreign business
operation. ACM also have a training program for new workers, it takes 2 weeks training
before those workers can officially work for ACM (Interview 1, 2019).
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4.4 Technology
The technological aspect that can be relates in technology are the innovation,
barriers and to what degree these can give impact to the business in Aircraft Industry. ACM
have introduced a few machine for their operation that relates to their product. The machine
is costly for more than a Millions. This machine will make their operation more efficient
and have more updated high technology that will keep their operation in track and can
produce more than they have now. Besides that, ACM also use a SyteLine System, which
is an ERP Manufacturing Software, is an extended manufacturing system that allows
manufacturer to compete successfully against time. This system can increase customer’s
satisfaction for ACM by delivers the orders on time and also minimize error-prone in
manual steps. This system can make sure ACM keep all the product in track for deliver
time to customers and make sure the lead time is accurately according to the customer’s
order.
4.5 Environment
Environmental factors relate to the ecological and environmental aspect that will
affect the productivity for ACM and how they operate. In ACM, beside focus on the core
business strategy of production and operation they also make sure to balance the ecosystem
in their workplaces. In Aircraft Industry, they are possibility they that will use the chemical
substances in their product. Therefore, they will make sure all the chemical or hazardous
material or wasted are careful handled by their company and respective company to dispose
the waste that involve with hazardous wasted (Interview 1, 2019).
This is to make sure that they maintain the ecological system of their company.
ACM also planted the biological plant in their work places. Besides that, the other issue
that relates with environmental factor is the risk that ACM need to take if there are nature
disaster happened when the supplier sent their material to the ACM through Sea
transportation. For example, in 2018 ACM supplier in China had transport their raw
material to ACM but due to the big storm in the sea, the shipping of that raw material is
stuck in Vietnam. This will affect the lead time for the ACM to continue their operation
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finish on time, because of that, ACM had to choose the Air freight transportation from
Vietnam to continue their shipping material to ACM in Bukit Kayu Hitam even though it
will highly cost towards their company (Interview 1, 2019).
4.6 Legal
Legal are likely relates and falls into laws, regulation and legislation. The entire
major supplier for ACM is from the various countries from across the world. Most of ACM
material from that international country needs to be declared by the Immigrations
Department of Malaysia before they arrive or came to Malaysia. To complete the
declaration process ACM need to fill in the K1 form. K1 form is the form for declaration
of good from abroad to enter to Malaysia. The purpose of this form is, it shows the payment
for the procurement of your imported goods, the information pointing to the tariff code,
import duty and tax of your goods (Interview 1, 2019).
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Strategy can be formulated at three levels, namely, the corporate level, the business
level, and the functional level. At the corporate level, strategy is formulated for your
company as a whole. Corporate strategy deals with decisions related to various business
areas in which the company operates and competes. At the business unit level, strategy is
formulated to convert the corporate vision into reality. At the functional level, strategy is
formulated to realize the business unit level goals and objectives using the strengths and
capabilities of your company. There is a clear hierarchy in levels of strategy, with corporate
level strategy at the top, business level strategy being derived from the corporate level, and
the functional level strategy being formulated out of the business level strategy (Amin,
2016).
Corporate Strategy is concerned with how companies, like Disney, create value
across different businesses. It takes as given the RC lessons on competitive strategy, and
asks how the corporation can add value over and above that which a business unit creates
by itself. This requires the corporation to invest in a valuable set of resources, craft the
business portfolio, and design the organization structure, systems and corporate functions
to share activities or transfer skills across businesses (Sharer, 2016).
The corollary of effective corporate strategy is that there is a limit to the scope of
the company. This insight suggests that issues of corporate strategy apply to firms of every
size and in every sector. Should a start-up build its own sales force or rely on third party
distributors? Should an entrepreneur focus on a single niche or expand scope to serve many
verticals? Thus while the course naturally covers strategy in large diversified companies,
it also features smaller companies that appear to operate in a single business (Sharer, 2016).
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In the company it has their own scrap, surplus and excess materials but how they
want to handle it to ensure this thing can make a contribution to a company? In lecture
class, Dr Adam had been mentioned about this topic which no matter how well or big
company, the company could not run from waste, scrap, surplus and obsolete. The
existence of this class of material is the result of wide variety causes. There is a few of
factor causes that company or factory faced the material disposal and invest higher in
recovery (Lecture 1, 2019).
According to ACM representative, the company will make sure all the chemical or
hazardous waste are careful handled by their company and respective company appointed
by them to dispose the hazardous waste. The corporate level strategy will outline whether
the company should compete in or withdraw from each of these lines of businesses, and in
which business unit, investments should be increased, in line with the vision of ACM
Company (Interview 1, 2019).
That actions are to make sure the ecological system of their company keep
maintains. ACM also gain profit from scrap and waste of their production process by
selling them to the authorize company and all the fund from that sales revenue were
channelled to their company Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program that help the
society who in needs (Interview 1,2019).
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ACM is improving their CSR program along with the process of improving their
main financial performance which is they targeting to increase their company profit form
60 million to 65 million per year (Slide ACM, 2018). To get their target come true, they
are planning to purchase a new machine for their production line in order to increase their
production outcome and smoothest their production process. By increasing their
production outcome, the company are able to satisfy more of their customer requirement
in term of quantity and quality that they want. For example, when the customer requirement
had been satisfied the company will be able to go forward to approach a new market. This
will result to increase the demand of their product not only from the current market but
also from the new market.
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The changing demands and increasing expectation of supply have led to a need for
supply managers with broader and deeper knowledge and skill sets. Metrics also need to
be established to capture results as they occur throughout the process (Lecture 2, 2019).
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ACM’s top managers are plan to run this supply evaluation frequently and
periodically in order to be very sensitive towards any change in their supplier performance
to avoid any complication happened through their way of achieving their company future
target which is earning more profit in the process of company main financial performance
(Interview 1, 2019).
Business level strategies are formulated for specific strategic business units and
relate to a distinct product-market area. It involves defining the competitive position of a
strategic business unit. The business level strategy formulation is based upon the generic
strategies of overall cost leadership, differentiation, and focus. For example, your firm may
choose overall cost leadership as a strategy to be pursued in its steel business,
differentiation in its tea business, and focus in its automobile business. The business level
strategies are decided upon by the heads of strategic business units and their teams in light
of the specific nature of the industry in which they operate (Hamel, 2016).
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Cost leadership or had been known as low cost business strategy. The cost
leadership strategy is exactly that it involves being the leader in terms of cost in your
industry or market. The cost leadership strategy implies supplying products in a more cost
effective way than competitors do. It also simply being amongst the lowest-cost producers
is not good enough, as you leave yourself wide open to attack by other low-cost producers
who may undercut your prices and therefore block your attempts to increase market share.
Therefore, need to be confident that you can achieve and maintain the number one position
before choosing the cost leadership route (Zaware P. D., 2016).
5.2.1 (A) Increase the Performance of Other Supply Responsibility in The Process of
Company Main Financial Performance by Increasing the Profit.
In this part ACM do is they are choosing to upgrade their machine to the higher
technology machine to substitute the obsolete machine. This is one of step, that ACM take
to cut cost of maintenance their old machine. Of course, purchasing a new high technology
machine is a bit costly but, it is necessary for ACM to invest in technology that can bring
down the costs such as labour, materials and etcetera (Interview 1, 2019). This is also a
way of sustainably cutting costs below those of other competitors besides keep improving
the quality of product produced. The greatest risk in pursuing a cost leadership strategy is
that these sources of cost reduction are not unique to you, and that other competitors copy
your cost reduction strategies.
In addition, to achieve the company objective which is to increase their profit, their
top management also targeting to increase the other supply responsibility of their company.
ACM’s top managers also plan to improving their Company Social Responsibility (CSR)
program by channelling the fund they got from selling their valuable waste and scrap to
this program instead of using it to cover the other expenses of their company or to cover
up the cost of buying a new machine or equipment (Interview 1,2019). These show, the top
managers of ACM are applying the cost leadership in their business strategy.
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5.2.1 (B) Increase the Performance of Supply Function Evaluation and Trends in The
Process of Company Main Financial Performance by Increasing the Profit.
ACM also are targeting to increase their supply function evaluation and trends by
applying supplies management performance metrics to their suppliers. The major challenge
to improve supply performance metrics and evaluation methods and to get validation of
supply’s result is to receive recognition as a major contributor to organizational success
where supply’s contribution must be effectively captured and communicated. In this part,
ACM also will ensure their supplier will meet the entire requirement that company want.
In way, to prevent any negative issue occur and become more efficiency in their business
(Interview 1, 2019).
Differentiation involves making your products or services different from and more
attractive than those of your competitors. To implement this depends on the exact nature
of your industry and of the products and services themselves, but will typically involve
features, functionality, durability, support, and also brand image that your customers
value (BJ, 2019).
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5.2.2 (A) Increase the Performance of Other Supply Responsibility in The Process of
Company Main Financial Performance by Increasing the Profit.
In addition, to make sure ACM will be different from other companies, they will
ensure the entire supplier will follow all the guideline that ACM give and at the same
time ACM also will always monitor the quality of product. ACM also make sure that all
their supplier is not involve with any misconduct that can be harmful or give negative
effect to the environment or personnel. They will never compromise with their
misconduct behaviour and not hesitate to abort them from being their supplier. ACM are
very strict to their supplier and never to take any risk which can affect the reputation of
their company (Interview 1, 2019). For example, ACM are very emphasizing how they
manage waste by strictly selecting a company to handle their waste to ensure they are not
subject to any offense in managing the waste. Because of their strictness on handling
waste, they got their certification by OHSAS 18001- 2007 Occupational Health Safety
Management Systems and ISO 14001- 2004 Environmental Management Systems. This
certification has spawned their company name and has been able to convince their
suppliers and customers to continue dealing with them (Interview 1, 2019).
5.2.2 (B) Increase the Performance of Supply Function Evaluation and Trends in The
Process of Company Main Financial Performance by Increasing the Profit.
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provide to them. This achievement can attract more customers to deal with them and
indirectly increase their sales revenue as well as meet their targets to increase their
company profits (Lecture 2, 2019).
Companies that use focus strategies concentrate on particular niche markets and,
by understanding the dynamics of that market and the unique needs of customers within
it, develop uniquely low-cost or well-specified products for the market. Because they
serve customers in their market uniquely well, they tend to build strong brand loyalty
amongst their customers. This makes their particular market segment less attractive to
competitors (Mind Tools Content Team, 2018).
5.2.3 (A) Increase the Performance of Other Supply Responsibility in The Process of
Company Main Financial Performance by Increasing the Profit.
ACM are owned by multi billions company and what ACM have is they are the
only company that produce the panel that fit the aero plane that other company did not
produce. For example, of the product is like the fuel door and 737 ailerons. In the world,
these two types of product only produce at ACM and cannot be found at another place.
ACM also did not have competition by producing this product and they have the power
to control the price (Interview 1, 2019). So, in this situation ACM get a good opportunity
either they want to increases the price or they can maintain the price. For the customer,
who need ACM service need to follow all the decision that had been made by ACM.
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5.2.3 (B) Increase the Performance of Supply Function Evaluation and Trends in The
Process of Company Main Financial Performance by Increasing the Profit.
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Supplier
Plan the
Negotiation quantity
Purchase
order
According to this process flow, first they will recognise who are their suppliers and
after that they will choice that supplier. The chosen supplier will be responsibility to
transport their good to ACM. They will ensure the safety of ACM product and deliver it
on time also arrive in the time given. They will arrange all the process and schedule to
move the good from the port to container and then it will transfer it to ACM warehouse.
Usually, all charge will go to transport company (Interview 1, 2019).
Next, after that they will start plan the quantity which is analysis when to order and
what to order with a few considerations. Start from that, ACM will start to estimate or plan
how much they want to order to ensure their operation can be continuing without any
problem. At the same time, they will ensure the safety stock can survive until the last day
of their production (Interview 1, 2019).
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After that, the company will estimate the quantity of the product that they need to
purchase and the company will place the order. In this moment, they can pay first by cash
or progress cash also it can credit their payment which following the day payment term.
All of this will depends on their contract which is ACM and supplier or ACM and customer
about what kind of payment they need to pay (Interview 1, 2019).
Last is negotiation. In this process, they will discuss about quantity either their
supplier can make it or not. ACM also will discuss about price, freight origin fix, terms and
condition, cost of delivery and others thing. They will discuss about their contract until
they can achieve their agreement. In ACM, they also will open the tenders to see who are
most compatible. It also was one of their way to evaluate their supplier (Interview 1, 2019).
Company
Corporate
Social Schedule
Responsib Waste
ility
Scrap
Value
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According to this process flow, first they will recognise who is their supplier and
after that they will choice correct company to handle waste. The chosen company will be
responsibility to transport ACM waste either chemical or scrap. The company also must
have license for disposal waste. They will organise all the waste and move it out from
ACM. They will arrange all the process and schedule to move the waste from the ACM to
save place and then it will do the separation of the waste at designated place (Interview 1,
2019).
Next, after that they will start plan to schedule to transfer the waste that had ACM
had. At this time, they must ensure during transfer the waste the safety of workers is
guaranteed and no accident might be happening at that moment. All the workers, that
involve in this activity must wear safety clothe and protection especially during remove
chemical waste. Company that assign by ACM must ensure that, all the waste had been
separates according their part and for the chemical, it need to disposal at waste area
(Interview 1, 2019).
After that for scrap value, ACM will sell all the scrap value to any organisation that
will accept that scrap. The money that ACM will get from selling scrap value will be
directly given to people who in need. They will not take this money (Interview 1, 2019).
Last is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). In this process, they will discuss
about the profit they get from selling scrap value. They will recognise or identify what they
want to do either give to orphanage house, help people in trouble or others. This is one of
contribution that ACM can give back to society. By doing this, they hope they can ease the
burden that had been face by the society (Interview 1, 2019).
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Finance directors are members of a senior executive team with responsibility for
their company’s financial health. They combine operational and strategic roles, manage
accounting and financial control functions, and establish a financial strategy for the
profitable long-term growth of the business. To fulfil the role, they must have the versatility
and talent to meet a continually changing set of circumstances (Linton, 2019).
Furthermore, finance department will ensure their assets and liability in good
condition. They also will find any program that ACM can join to expand their business and
prepare the contract that ACM will sign with their supplier or project. They also will
involve in information technology for ACM. They will ensure ACM always get a latest
technology in their organization (Slide ACM, 2018).
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management is, and that’s why it’s no wonder that engineering manager is one of the
highest-paying jobs in old market economies.
Every company has its own operational (business or production) function, because
every organization, whether it is profit or non-profit oriented, provides some kind of a
product or service. Operational function has a central place, i.e. it is of utmost importance
in organizations, because it provides production of goods and services, which is the reason
why such organizations exist. Operations management should be studied thoroughly
because it is responsible for satisfying customers’ requests by providing efficient and
effective delivery of goods or services. Engineering and operations management is a unique
field in private education which is nowadays extremely important in service and
manufacturing organizations, profit and non-profit sector, state and private companies,
financial institutions (Shaffer, 2018).
This department will do engineering job also design all the product of ACM. At the
same time, director will monitor activity supplier chain in way to make sure it can run
smoothly. Director also will be responsible in innovation and technology of the product.
He or she must ensure all the facilities like machine in ACM will be maintenance according
to schedule that already planning (Slide ACM, 2018).
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This process is importance because it had been used to identify user requirements
and identify compatibility suppliers. ACM need to evaluate either their supplier can
contribute to the company or not. Through this process they can make shortlist which
potential supplier that can help them in future. After do shortlist, ACM need to review back
their potential supplier who will meet the requirements that ACM need. They also will
conduct a questioner and interview to see their answer and from this session ACM will
choice the good company to collaborate with them.
This department also will act as the primary contact with the supplier. They will be
directly contact with supplier, customer, organization and others (Shelly, 2018). All the
information, will through first this department because customer, supplier and firm will
contact them and inform them what they need. This department also need to build a good
relationship with people around them in way to make it more efficiency and effectiveness.
This department was a part of manufacturing team and ensure the flow of materials
was necessary for manufacturing process. They also need to conduct material requirements
planning (MPC) which it will be helpful to them to plan or monitor inventory balance. By
apply this system in firm; it might less the burden for Department Material Planning. It will
help to forecast for production and sales also you can see either have a problem during
operation process or supplier sent their good (Kalina, 2016).
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This department was the important, which they need to ensure the safety of
employee in their workplace. They need to ensure all the workers follow the rule that
company had been mention before they enter the company. In ACM, they are really strict
and look forward as a serious matter about safety in workplace. Employee’s ACM cannot
use their phone during walking, if they need to use it they need to stop walking even before
they can enter the factory, they must ensure they use shoes, protect their eye and others.
This rule had been applying to employee and visitor in way to prevent accident had been
happening (Interview 1, 2019).
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SWOT analysis is a strategic tool that can help companies analyse their situation
and conditions they are faced with, summarize for their past and make a developing
strategy and plan for future life and evaluate. “S” capital stands for strengths and “W”
stands for weaknesses, “O” stands for opportunities, “T” stands for threats. Strengths and
weaknesses belong to internal factors and opportunities and threats are external factors.
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
S1A: Only Company Produce This Product W1A:Low Law Regulation
S2A: Long Term Production Planning W2A: Limitation To Manage The Material
Disposal
S3A: Manage Well Disposal Product W3A: Lacking Of Knowledge And Resources
“A” and “B” stand for the chapter 16 “Other Supply Responsibilities” & chapter 17
“Supply Function Evaluation and Trends”
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According to Mohd Noor in our interview the vision of this company, ACM
is the best aerospace manufacturing company in South East Asia (Interview 1,
2019). By this vision, this company comes out with a clear and strong objective
which is the company want to maintain a safe and healthy work environment.
Besides that, to provide the quality products and services to their customer by
delight their customer exceeding customer expectation. The next is the company
will continuously enhance values to their customer and constantly adapt lean
practices and innovation in all they do (Slide ACM, 2018).
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impact of environmental issues, consumers will be asking the companies about how
green the manufacturing and supply chain of the products is. The companies have
the responsibility that given importance to making the products green along with
making it profitable. That was the true because today by education happened, that
consumers prefer environment-friendly products and this establishes a link between
environmental factors and profits.
ACM Company are not neglected to take care the environmental issues as
a one important things in their company. The approached Green Supply Chain
Management (GSCM) is increase accepted and practices by forward-thinking
organization. ACM Company used the GSCM concept in their company as one of
the effort in environmental. GSCM is the Green Supply Chain Management which
is integrates the supply chain management in order to reduce the environmental
impacts during the entire product life cycle by the harmony and the common action
of the partners in a supply chain (Wan Hasrulnizzam Wan, 2012). According to
Kenneth W. Reen Jr, GSCM practices by manufacturing organizations leads to
improved environmental performance and economic performance, which, in
turn, positively impact operational performance (Jr., 2012)
The basic reasoning of GSCM are resource saving, waste elimination and
productivity improvement. ACM company practices the GSCM by showing the
design consideration is highly important to green practices in ACM. As a strategic
partner of Boeing, ACM must have critical consideration into product. Besides that,
ACM choice of supplier by environmental criteria, environmental friendly raw
material and optimization of process to reduce the solid waste, water waste and
reduce air emission and noise.
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Resource is a key part of any business or project, the business owners have
to identify all the resources needed to been use within a specific time frame.
Resource planning also very important to make sure all the production line is
moving smoothly. A resource plan features the amount of resource needed, when
the actual time the resource will deliver and been used to start the production line.
From the interview, we know that ACM have a fix resources supplier for their
company. The raw material of the composite part of the airplane are always supply
by the fix supplier that monopoly the market. Therefore, ACM been forced to buy
the raw material from the company that have the material. This will make the cost
of the raw material will be higher but the quality of the product will be always good
because there are the only companies that produce the raw material. So, when ACM
always buying the raw material and work together with those companies, this is to
make sure that no shortage will occur during the operation process and forcing the
production to stop (Interview 1, 2019).
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contacting and communicating their suppliers regularly, and pay your suppliers'
accounts promptly. So this will be avoiding miss communication between the
company and their suppliers (Interview 1, 2019).
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By focusing on the environmental issue, the company though that was the
problem because the more waste occurs the more cost or budget need to provide for
manage the waste. This is because in the managing the waste is not cheap but it
costly. There are several ways for the companies to cut the costs by reducing the
environmental impact of the products. A complete reevaluation is needed for the
supply chain process which includes purchasing planning and managing the
materials. The Supply Chain Executives also should be taught to make the process
of logistics go along with the green policies of the company. Lowering the cost for
waste disposals during the supply chain process it would be cuts the cost of the
process (Wan Hasrulnizzam Wan, 2012).
Besides that, optimization of process to reduce solid waste, water and else
are practice by ACM because the company are aware that is much more productive
to prevent. ACM Company used the Lean Manufacturing System (LMS) which is
to support the development of green supply chain practices (Wan Hasrulnizzam
Wan, 2012). ACM are encouraging the lean manufacturing implementation in any
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ACM has established partnerships with state agencies and makes the most
of state and federally funded programs geared toward continuously improving
productivity, competitiveness and workforce skills. Our efforts have the full
support of the State of Connecticut, which recognizes the unique advantages ACM
offers to aerospace companies worldwide (Interview 1, 2019).
In 2005, ACM became the world’s sole producer of aileron composites for
the Next-Generation 737 commercial jetliner. Before producing ailerons, ACM was
the sole producer and distributor of the fixed trailing-edge composite and fixed
leading-edge composite for the Boeing 737, 747, 757, 767 and 777 commercial
airplane models. In 2008, Boeing selected ACM to provide the elevator and rudder
machined honeycomb core for the 777 (Interview 1, 2019).
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Cost refers to the cost of goods and freight refers to all other costs relating
to all the means of transportation of the goods. It means that the seller must pay the
costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the destination and must also
procure marine insurance against the buyer's risk or loss to the goods during the
carriage. From the interview section, we know that ACM is a company that import
all the raw material from others country such as America, Korea, Japan, china and
Australia. Those suppliers deliver their good to ACM basically is use sea shipping
or air shipping, both of the logistics way have the higher cost rate compare to local
logistics. Therefore, the transportation cost of deliver the raw material to ACM is
relatively higher than purchase the raw material domestically. But, ACM have no
choice because of the raw material only can get from those countries (Interview 1,
2019).
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A time zone is one of the areas into which the world is divided where the
time is calculated as being a particular number of hours behind or ahead of GMT.
A region throughout which the same standard time is used which is there are 24
time zones in the world, demarcated approximately by meridiansat 15° intervals,
an hour apart (Colloins Dictionary). From the interview section, we know that
ACM is a company that under Boeing company. If have any problem happened
they need to report to the headquarters of the company and they need to wait until
tomorrow to receive the reply letter. This is because the time zone is difference.
This will make ACM cannot solve the problem or doing any decision immediately
(Interview 1, 2019).
The Malaysian Aerospace Industry Blueprint 2030 has set a vision for
Malaysia to be number one aerospace nation in South East Asia (SEA) and as an
integral part of the global market by the year 2030 with annual revenue of RM55.2
billion and create more than 32 000 high income jobs. According to Minister of
International Trade Datuk Darell Leiking, the government has identified the
aerospace sector as one of the new growth industries due to impressive evolution
and enormous future growth of the industry (Basyir, 2019)
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The target is to make Malaysia the leading aerospace nation in South East
Asia and be an integral part of the global market by 2030. Malaysia is currently
home to more than 200 aerospace companies comprising both international and
local industry players. These include 66 companies involved in MRO activities, 33
companies in aero-manufacturing, 25 companies in education and training, and 11
companies in systems integration, as well as engineering and design. By 2030, this
project in aero-manufacturing will contribute revenue around RM21.2 billion
targeted to achieve (MIDA, 2019)
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Education and training worker is the cross cutting that supports the entire
aerospace industry dealing with the talent development (Talib, 2015). Currently, in
South East Asia, Malaysia leads in the term of producing the number of skilled
worked force with competent expertise in different level of technical proficiency
for the aerospace industry. Based on the information, ACM used the GCSM and
LMS to dispose the waste material. The company needs more skill from the worker
to manage the product. By reducing the waste and increase the quality of product,
management should provide a quality and good training workers to workers.
Every business will have their own competitor in the market, some of the
competitor are producing same product in the market. But some of the competitor
are producing product that can be the perfect substitute product in the market. But
for ACM there are only one competitive company in Malaysia that producing
composite of airplane. Besides that, some of the part of the airplane only been
producing by ACM such as the fuel door of the airplane. So, this will make the
competitor in the market hard to snatching away the customer of ACM (Interview
1, 2019).
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monopoly the market. So, if Boeing need to produce a new air plane they have to
purchase the fuel door from ACM (Interview 1, 2019).
There is well known the part and components manufacturing contracts are
mostly long term and involve high non-recurring cost. Apart from that, Malaysia
government should position itself very early in the supply chain by participating in
international aircraft development program or activities.
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life of a rising number aging aircraft which required avionics upgrades, adaptations
of defence system in accordance with the country’s unique need some priorities as
well as to achieved the long term goal of becoming supplier of Advance System
(Rahim, 2015)
The companies are Aerospace Composites Malaysia Sdn Bhd, which will
invest in Kedah, BHIC Marine Technology Academy Sdn Bhd (Perak), Gading
Kencana Sdn Bhd (Perlis) and Qdos Holdings Berhad (Penang). Under the
agreement, the companies will set up new initiatives and facilities which will result
in a significant volume of spill over effects such as highly skilled and specialised
talent creation and development and logistics enhancement.
It has four aviation lawyers who provide legal advisory services for the
commercial and business aviation industry as well as companies involved in the
aerospace industry. Some of the advisory services pertain to financial assistance
from banks, insurance obligations and technical issues in contracts (Bahari, 2016).
Abdullah Chan & Co views that global aerospace companies which are keen
to invest in Malaysia need to understand business processes and laws in the country,
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According to Jose Garza in the New Strait time paper, ACM are also
looking at maintaining our company’s good safety record. ACM have not had any
untoward incidents or accidents over the past four years. In addition, the company
was proud to be delivering quality products, adding that thousands of parts were
delivered every year. It was also an achievement to deliver them on time (Star
Online, 2017).
Currency exchange rate is the rate at which one currency will be exchanged
for another. It is also regarded as the value of one country’s currency in relation to
another currency. In the retail currency exchange market, different buying and
selling rates will be quoted by money dealers. Most trades are to or from the local
currency. The buying rate is the rate at which money dealers will buy foreign
currency, and the selling rate is the rate at which they will sell that currency. Form
the interview section, we know that majority supplier of ACM is come from other
country such as America, Korea, Japan, Australia and China. Purchasing of raw
material from the other countries, we need to know the base of the current currency
from that country. In this economy crisis’s country, ACM need to pay for the higher
cost of purchasing the raw material because of the currency exchange rate. All the
material that purchase from other country are in different period of time which
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mean that there is different currency exchange rate, so sometime this will make the
producing cost become higher than before (Interview 1, 2019).
Risks for spent fuel and high-level waste transportation arise from
conventional vehicular accidents and exposures to ionizing radiation under both
normal and accident conditions. Radiation risks are primarily a concern for people
who live near, or travel on, spent fuel shipment routes. Risk considers both the
likelihood of occurrence of a specific hazard and its consequences. Frequently, one
considers several scenarios that involve different kinds of hazards, each with a
different likelihood of occurrence and consequence. One way in which risk can be
expressed is in terms of a triplet (Kaplan and Garrick, 1981). From the interview
section, we get the information about there were some risk in transportation of
ACM. First is losing the raw material, when happening natural disasters, wars,
terrorism, and cargo theft will make the shipped item been stolen. Besides that,
happening accidents including shipwrecks, truck, plane, and train crashes also will
have damaged the raw material (Interview 1, 2019).
Trade regulation laws are laws enacted by both federal and state
governments to promote unrestrained competition amongst businesses. Trade
regulations extend into many categories of law, such as anti-trust law, which
prohibits anti-competitive acts like price fixing, monopolistic conduct, and
deceptive practices. Consumer protection law, advertising law, trademark law, and
franchise law also fall under the umbrella of trade regulation. The Sherman Act,
passed in 1914, was the first major anti-trust law enacted by Congress. Congress
also passed another trade regulation, the Clayton Act, during the same year. The
Clayton Act prohibits price fixing and exclusive sales contracts between
competitors, otherwise known as covenants not to compete (Law advance
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company, 1995). From the interview section, we know that some of the law and
regulation of trade make ACM hard to buying the raw material from those
countries, so they need to find another supplier to supply them the raw material
(Interview 1, 2019).
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TOWS analysis is a tool that used to think about the strategy of the whole
organization by analysing the external force (Threats & Opportunities), and internal force
(weaknesses & Strengths) which result from SWOT analysis. TOWS analysis is used to
think in detail about the strategies to be applied (Discussion 1,2019).
STRENGTH WEAKNESSES
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7.1 SO STRATEGY
As we all mentioned, ACM has increases their production by upgrade their machine
to the new one with high technology machine. Through this, they can produce more
production of their product which can lead an increases to their income. Besides that, they
also can increase the welfare of shareholder.
ACM is the only company that produce the good and services in domestic. They
have no competition because the company is the sole seller of goods with no close
substitute (Interview 1, 2019). The good of being a monopoly market is there is no
competition and has power in setting the price of the goods and services.
Less material disposal is good for a company. It means that the company are well
managed their disposal material. This lead to environmental benefit to the company which
is reduce overall harm to the environment. Good environmental can enhance ACM chances
of winning contracts and improve customer loyalty by demonstrating your environmental
responsibility through recycling efforts.
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Be a monopoly market also give a bad situation to ACM Company especially when
they need the supplier of raw material to produce goods and services. They have no choice
of buying the raw material although the price that set by the supplier is high. It is because
the supplier knows that ACM Company only can get the raw material from them.
7.1.3 Recommendation
ACM is the only one that produces the aileron composites. ACM should at least
develop some of their company strength to ensure their company’s performance is better
from time to time. Besides that, ACM should improve their advance system to develop
their business and also reduce their human error.
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7.2 WO Strategy
Knowledge workers are the most important and highest-paid employees in some
companies. A company usually increases their worker improvement by doing training
program. Normally, they play an important key role in sectors such as information
technology and telecommunications. Knowledge workers help companies improve
performance in disciplines such as marketing, finance, production management, product
development and strategic planning. This is the reason to boosting the productivity of
knowledge workers in an organization because it can help companies improve the return
on investment in research and development.
ACM need high cost to run their disposal material because the cost of ACM waste
and recycling equipment which is balers, compactors, roll packers and bin presses is high.
Ballers for example provide different size with different volume and quality. So, the higher
the cost, the better the quality and the more function the product.
By providing training program for each worker would require a higher cost to the
company because it would need additional cost such as travel expenses for employees,
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catering, hotel accommodation, supplies and other training expenses. So, this could cost a
lot of money for the company.
7.2.3 Recommendation
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7.3 ST Strategy
In addition, we also know that ACM product is only purchased for a specific
customer only. This is because the product that produced by ACM is a high quality product
that only can be used by a specific customer.
Long term production planning is the best way to make sure the sustainability of
market for ACM Company. This is because long term production planning is focus on the
major decision that a company makes.
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Usually a company will use air freight in order to get the raw material in a fast way.
So, as we all know, although it is a fast delivery but the air freight is very costly. Moreover,
the imported goods and services are coming from overseas. As we all know, the further the
distance between our country and the country that will import the raw material, the higher
the cost.
Being loyal customer to the supplier would give a bad situation to the company. It
is because the supplier would put a higher price of the raw material that we are needed
because they know that we only can get the raw material from them. So, we do not have
any choice which is to buy the material from them either it is expensive or cheap.
7.3.3 Recommendation
ACM should continue increases their service performance into high-speed internet
service because the high level of service performance is believed to be an effective way to
improve customer satisfaction and loyalty. By doing this, a company can have a better
communication between their customer and facilitate customers to find out more about the
details, progress or whatever information about the product.
In order to reduce cost, the transportation manager should consider the number of
transportation strategies that should be used. A transport manager should spend their time
to find the best carrier at the best price.
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7.4 WT Strategy
Choosing the best transportation for the shipment of the raw material would result
lower cost transportation for the company. From the interview session, we know that ACM
good at choosing which transportation that are used in order to have a lower cost of
transportation (Interview 1, 2019).
Increasing the normal lead time is needed in ACM because the supplier of their raw
material are mostly comes from other countries. So, with increasing the lead time, the
company can achieve cost reduction.
Increasing the normal lead time would cause the employees less efficient in doing
their work and also result a lazy worker because they are wasting their time in waiting the
product to deliver. The company also reduce their worker potential to be productive in
doing their task.
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In order to choose the best transportation, a manager would need a long time for
searching. They have to look from all aspect to make sure the money that had been spend
on the transportation is not too high.
7.4.3 Recommendation
ACM should make a comprehensive maintenance plan for the waste or recycling
equipment. It includes the scheduled numbers of service visits per annum, delivered against
pre-defined service inspection tasks specific to the equipment type, its operational
environment and its designed application, as well as identifying, recording and take an
action to any repair work covered under the specific Comprehensive Maintenance
Agreement. From that, they can improve their company effectiveness in managing their
waste and also can make an investment from it.
In order to have an efficient worker, ACM have to give incentive to their employee.
It seem to be the best way to encourage employee to be more efficient because the
recognition of worker for a job well done will make them feel appreciated and encourage
them to continue increasing their productivity.
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8.0 CONCLUSION
ACM has strived for the excellent business performance and survival by
carrying out continuous improvement and development. The professionals have put a lot
of efforts to carry out the continuous researches for the successful development. They
should seek for the golden opportunities to have better and superior achievements in
developing new products with greater innovation in order to accomplish their new goals.
These will help ACM to strengthen the customer loyalty and reduce the risk of being
substituted by others.
Furthermore, ACM has gained the greatest strengths and benefits by having the
well-developed material and capacity planning with the strategic sourcing and pricing in
the purchasing and supply process. Insourcing has allowed them to handle the materials
safely and control the inventory at the desired level in their private warehouse that leads to
high productivity with reasonable and lower cost. The innovative products have been
produced, shipped, and delivered through the assistance of experienced human capitals,
sophisticated technologies, and logistics services with an effective supply chain
management. They may consider the implementation of next-generation production
methods with digitalization which is a new challenge for them.
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As a result, the roles of purchasing and supply activities are important for ACM
to notify the need for those production inputs and finished products for delivering to the
end customers. Effective purchasing and supply process enable ACM to gain more
competitive advantages and stronger market position in order to expand their long-term
global business with high-profit margin and reputation through the diverse teamwork,
partnerships, and effective organization strategies compared to the competitors in the same
industry.
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9. 0 REFERENCES
Book
Gadde, L.-E. H. (2010). Supply Network Strategies. A John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. .
John Mangan, C. L. (2008). Global logistics And Supply Chain Management. India:
Thomson Digital.
Johnson, P. F. (2020). Purchasing and Supply Management . New York: McGraw-Hill
Education.
Johnson, P. F. (2020). Supply Research Opportunities. In Purchasing and Supply Chain
(p. 511). New York: McGraw Hill Education.
Journal
Wan Hasrulnizam, Mohd Nizam & Baba Md Deros (2012). Green Supply Chain
Management Aero Composite Industry. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.
Interview
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Discussion
Discussion 1. (2019). Discussion with Dr. Adam bin Mohd Saifudin on Organizational
Strategy until TOWS. Venue: Room 3040, on 9𝑡ℎ April 2019, at 3.30 pm.
Lecture
Website
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https://www.nst.com.my/business/2019/03/468300/boeing-may-face-sales-
cancellation-global-scale
Basyir, M. (2019, February 21). Malaysia aims to become SEA's leading aerospace
nation by 2030. Retrieved from New Straits Times :
https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2019/02/462370/malaysia-aims-become-
seas-leading-aerospace-nation-2030
BJ. (2019, April 4). Differentiation Strategy. Retrieved from Business Jargons:
https://businessjargons.com/differentiation-strategy.html
boeing. (2013). BOEING IN MALAYSIA. Retrieved from boieng:
https://www.boeing.com/global/boeing-southeast-
asia/malaysia/index.page#/commercial
Business Teacher . (2019). Business Teacher . Retrieved from Boing pestel analysis:
https://businessteacher.org.uk/pestel/boeing.php
CGMA. (2013, June 11). Porter's five forces of competitive position analysis. Retrieved
from ESSENTIAL TOOLS FOR MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANTS:
https://www.cgma.org/resources/tools/essential-tools/porters-five-forces.html
Colloins Dictionary. Time zone
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/time-zone
Greenlight Technology. (2017, August). Important of good relationship with the suppliers
https://www.greenlight-itc.com/importance-supplier-relationship-business/
Gregory, S. (2009, December 11). AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY.
Retrieved from https://www.csus.edu/indiv/h/hattonl/documents/aerospace.doc
Hamel, G. (2016). The Evolution Of The Concept of Strategy. Retrieved from MBA
Institute:
https://www.mbainstitute.org/MBA_Certified_Business_Strategy_Professional_T
raining.php
Harvard Business School. (2008, January 1). The Five Forces. Retrieved from
INSTITUTE FOR STRATEGY & COMPETITIVENESS:
https://www.isc.hbs.edu/strategy/business-strategy/Pages/the-five-forces.aspx
Hearst Newspaper, LLC. (2019). Chron. Retrieved from
https://smallbusiness.chron.com/boost-productivity-knowledge-workers-
10250.html.
HG.org. (2019, April 30). Aerospace Law. Retrieved from HG.org Legal Resources:
https://www.hg.org/aerospace-law.html
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Johnson, S. (2019, March 8). What is the meaning of organizational strategy? Retrieved
from Chron: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/meaning-organizational-strategy-
59427.html
Jurevicius, O. (2013, may 27). Porter's Five Forces. Retrieved from strategic
management insight: https://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/tools/porters-
five-forces.html
Kalina, S. (2016, May 3). Top Ten Tips For Successful Material Requirements Planning.
Retrieved from SIKICH: https://www.sikich.com/insight/top-ten-tips-for-
successful-material-requirements-planning/
Linton, L. (2019, march 5). Chron. Retrieved from What Is A Finance Director?:
https://work.chron.com/finance-director-15833.html
MAIA. (2018, November 21). MAIA and AAIS Sign a MoU to Strengthen Aerospace
Capability. Retrieved from Malaysian Aerospace Industry Association:
http://maia.my/2018/11/21/maia-and-aais-sign-a-mou-to-strengthen-aerospace-
capability/
MAIA. (n.d.). Aerospace Composite Malaysia Sdn Bhd. Retrieved from Malaysia
Aerospace Industry Association: https://maia.my/portfolio-items/aerospace-
composite-malaysia/
Martin, M. (2018, September 25). Porter's Five Forces : Analyzing the Competition.
Retrieved from Business News Daily: https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/5446-
porters-five-forces.html
Mind Tools Content Team. (2018, may 27). Porters Generic Strategies. Retrieved from
MindTools: https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newSTR_82.htm
MITI. (2015, March 17). Aerospace Industry. Retrieved from MITI:
https://www.miti.gov.my/miti/resources/8._Aerospace_Industry_.pdf
Operations and Supply Chain Terms. (2012). MBASkool.com. Retrieved from Purchasing
Department: https://www.mbaskool.com/business-concepts/operations-logistics-
supply-chain-terms/16061-purchasing-department.html
PR Newswire. (2019, January 23). In terms of value, the aerospace plastics market is
projected to grow at a CAGR of 7.1% from 2018 to 2023. Retrieved from Cision
PR Newswire: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/in-terms-of-value-the-
aerospace-plastics-market-is-projected-to-grow-at-a-cagr-of-7-1-from-2018-to-
2023--300782949.html
Research and Markets. (2017, November ). Aerospace Composites Market by Fiber Type
(Carbon, Glass, Ceramic), Resin Type (Epoxy, Phenolic, Polyester, Polyimides,
Thermoplastics, Ceramic and Metal Matrix), Aircraft Type, Manufacturing
Process, Application, Region - Global Forecast to 2022. Retrieved from Research
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Slide 1
Slide ACM. (2018). ACM's Company Overview. Bukit Kayu Hitam: Aerospace
Composite Malaysia Sdn Bhd.
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APPENDIX A
All three group are gather in front of entrance gate at 10.00 am and fill in the
information needed from ACM. After that we’ve been escorted to the Training Hall in
ACM. The first session begins with the briefing from the managers of safety department
for the caution that we need to take if any emergency situation occurs in ACM.
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The second session begins with the briefing about the company background by En
Mohd Noor Material Planning Manager Department of ACM. After that En Mohd Noor
briefed the core purpose of this site visit which is the flows of supply chain in ACM and a
bit about hoe the Logistic flows occurs in ACM as well as the product they produce in
ACM.
The last session in question and answers session regarding our SWOT analysis
question that every group have been prepared. The entire swot question had been answer
fairly throughout the session. Finally, all the representative group leader from every group
present a little souvenir to En Mohd Noor as a reminder of a gratitude from UUM to ACM
for having us to conduct a site visit in ACM.
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APPENDIX B
Strength
1. From which angle do you think your company better than competitor?
2. How do you ensure production plan sustain in long term?
3. How do your company maintain a better supply chain integration for happening lead
time?
4. How does the company manage the selection of disposal partner?
5. what the type of software system that be used with supplier and customer relationship
Weakness
1. There is the difficulty Boeing Company faced in transportation to send the product to
the customer outbound and inbound?
2. How the company save the inventory? To avoid the lack of inventory or delay
receiving inventory?
3. What the limitation that company faced to manage the material to disposal?
4. How do you manage the lacking of knowledge and resource of your company?
5. There is occur overdue in lead time of production and operation?
Opportunities
1. What kind of production planning in the future your company look forward?
2. How the company reduce cost from scrap and material losses?
3. How the company control the defect of the product and the quality of it?
4. What the kind of opportunities the company take to improve investment process?
5. How do you make improvement to your receiving process?
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6. What type of IT your company used? Are there effective to your operation
management?
Threat
1. As we acknowledge, nowadays all around the world concern about the cleanness and
"go green" environment already introduce. The company should aware about the
environment. what the initiative that the Boeing company do to take care of the world
for natural disaster for example pollution, hurricane and so on?
2. What the legal from inside and outside your company faced?
3. What threat that your company faced in account payable?
4. Do your company provide the training program to your worker? If no, how do you
manage the worker skill?
5. What is the process return to supplier for your company? Do you face a lack of
supplier?
Strength
3. What are the key procurement metrics that your company use?
4. What is the cost associated with global sourcing for your company?
5. How do you measure the relationship between customer satisfaction and total quality
management?
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Weakness
1. What challenges that your company face during maintain the operating budget?
2. What limitation that company face during to ensure their product is environmental
sustainability?
3. What is the problem related to supply chain risk management in your company?
5. If the department want to order equipment that’s beyond budget, what would you do?
6. Can you describe a time when the buyer was under performing, what did you do?
Opportunities
1. What kind of supplier or third party management software have your experiential work
with?
4. When choosing supplier, what are the most crucial criteria to consider?
6. If your rival company falling to satisfy their customer based, can you steal their
customer?
Threats
2. What are the measuring systems that can be apply to overcome the treats in your
company?
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3. What are the supply management trends that can be used by your company to minimize
the treats?
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APPENDIX C
Text Book
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APPENDIX D
Introduction of ACM
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APPENDIX E
LOG BOOK
Date
Members 9/4 18/4 22/4 24/4 25/4
GROUP A
Nurul Hafizah Binti Azman √ √ √ √ √
251000
Nur Zunnurain Binti M Mazlan √ √ √ √ √
244593
Mohammad Fitri Bin Abdul - √ √ √ √
Rahim
244352
Siti Nur Zafirah Binti Abd Razak √ √ √ √ √
244503
GROUP B
Nor Natasha Binti Abd Rashid √ √ √ √ √
244616
Wong Ghi Kang √ √ √ √
244489
Azizah Binti Asraf Ali √ √ √ √ √
244277
Afiqah Binti Bugal √ √ √ √ √
244433
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Date
Members 26/3 17/4 18/4 23/4 28/4
GROUP A
Nurul Hafizah Binti Azman √ √ √ √ √
251000
Nur Zunnurain Binti M Mazlan √ √ √ √ √
244593
Mohammad Fitri Bin Abdul - √ √ √ √
Rahim
244352
Siti Nur Zafirah Binti Abd √ √ √ √ √
Razak
244503
GROUP B
Nor Natasha Binti Abd Rashid √ √ √ √ √
244616
Wong Ghi Kang √ √ √ √ √
244489
Azizah Binti Asraf Ali √ √ √ √ √
244277
Afiqah Binti Bugal √ √ √ √ √
244433
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APPENDIX F
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APPENDIX G
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