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Need of Project: Linked Hybrid Kohinoor Square
Need of Project: Linked Hybrid Kohinoor Square
Need of Project: Linked Hybrid Kohinoor Square
TAIPEI 101
AQUARIA GRANDE Taipei City, Taiwan, 2004
Taipei City, Taiwan, 2004 OBJECTIVE: Architect: C.Y. Lee & partners
TO study A high Rise
Architect: james Law Client: Taipei Financial Center Corp
structure according to
Client: Wadhwa Group the DCR for Mumbai
Program: Commercial
Program: Residential Building Footprint: 2500 m2
Building Footprint: 13,680 sq.m Gross Floor Area: 412.500 m2
Gross Floor Area: 30,500 sq.m Height: 508 m
Height: 164 m , Two tower Floor counts: 101 stories
Floor counts: 42 stories Cost US$: 1.6 billion
Lifts: 8 Lifts: 61
Status: Constructed
01 Status: Constructed KOHINOOR
SQUARE
Floor Plan Analysis The design of the building makes it environmentally friendly, using
technologies such as floor-to-ceiling insulated glazing to contain Structural
• The Central Core is surrounded by heat and maximize natural light, and an automatic daylight dimming
the office spaces and refuge areas system. The tower also features a greywater system, which Glazing
(at 24 meter of height) captures rainwater for reuse. Kohinoor group pvt ltd. States that the
• There are segregated office space building is made largely of recycled and recyclable materials. Air
from 2nd to 24th floor with toilets to entering the building is filtered, as is common, but the air exhausted
each office and a common toilet s is cleaned as well. The Kohinoor square building is one of the first
also provided on all these floors. skyscraper building in india to achieve a leadership in energy and
environmental design platinum rating for environmental
sustainability a gold (leed) certification from green building council.
Construction of the Kohinoor square started in early 2009, with an
completion date of march 2013. Residential Tower
132 units from 14th to 26th floor
Central core consist of 13 Stories of Parking below
• 3 Lobbies of 6 Lifts serving levels PARKING-3500 (brought from BMC)
25th to 39th Central core serves 3 lifts and 1
• Spaces between the lifts where a lift services lifts
lobby is not provided are used as There are 8 units on each floor
toilets with dust at either side: 2 lifts 6 on 17th floor which is refuge floor
from this pack of 6 are assessable to The combined pile raft foundation (cprf) is a geotechnical
UNITS- 2.5 bhk 3bhk 3.5 bhk
lower floors as well Sales composite Construction that combines the bearing effect of
• 1 lobby of 4 lifts serving levels 1st to both foundation elements raft and Piles by taking into
Hotel Office
11th to 24th Floor 24th account interactions between the foundation elements and
Residential Retail the
th
• There is a lift bank at 24 floor .
Parking Services Subsoil the piled raft foundation system has recently been
• 2 services lifts travelling Throughout
Recreational ground widely used for many structures, especially high rise
the building
13% 3% 10% buildings. In this foundation, the piles play an important role
Refuge Floors • 2 Stair cases are also placed in the
core 26% in settlement and differential settlement reduction, and thus
At 11th floor the first refuge floor is 21% can lead to economical design without compromising the
provided safety of the structure. In several design cases, the piles are
DCR RULE 11% 16% allowed to yield under the design load. Although the load
In case of high-rise bldg. more than 30 capacity of the pile is exceeded, the piled raft foundation can
m then first refuge floor shall be hold additional loads with controllable settlement. Thus,
provided at 24 m or first habitable floor accurately determining the settlement of the foundation is
whichever is higher. Thereafter at every critical and for this the designers must consider the role of
seventh habitable floor.
11th to 24th Floor the raft and the role of piles in combination, as well as the
interactions between the foundation’s components.
02 KOHINOOR
SQUARE
PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad
KANCHANJUNGA APT.
Bombay, India, 1970-1983
Charles correa
Architect: Charles Correa bombay,india
Client: -
Plot Area: 2900m2 Building
1970-1983
Footprint: 432 m2 Gross
Floor Area: 5,260 m2
Height: 84 m
Cost $ Unknown -
Lifts: 3 + 1
Status: Constructed
OBJECTIVE: TO study vernacular in
high rise in context to Mumbai
Concept
The architect, Charles Correa,from CONCEPT OF THEARCHITECT
india and was born in1930. Started
The Tower is one of the masterpieces of Indian
his private practice in 1958 in architect, Charleas Correa. Kanchanjunga Apartments
Bombay. He was at the age of 40 is a 28 story height high end residential building built
when the Kanchanjunga in Bombay, 1983. It was clear that the architect has
reference to Lecorbusier’s crossover units in Unit
Apartments project began habitation in Marseilles in 1952. Correa planned
the 3 and 4 bedroom units interlocking with 5 and
6 bedroom units. 3-4 bedroom units occupies on
and half level, and 5-6 bedroom units occupies two
and half levels. There are small level displacement
within the units to differenciate outdoor terrace and
indoor living space, dining room and bedrooms and
so on. These change of levels hide the living and bed
rooms from the heat of sun and rains, while the big
opening of balcony could get as much day light as
possible. The whole building structure is built by
reinforced concrete. The open terrace part is a 6m
deep cantilever structure. Central core with lifts and
shafts and building services so it also provide central
stability element for lateral loads.
PARKING
KANCHANJUNGA ENRTY 03
APARTMENT
PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad
Great deal of transparency has been achieved by
the use of large opening and terrace gardens on
every floor. Because of American training, Correa
has rarely been tempted to import Western ideas
into India. Like most architects of his generation he
has been influenced by Le Corbusier, but by his
response to the Mediterranean sun with his “Great
sculptural decisions (the over-hangs, the double-
heights), placed facing the elements”. MATERIALS&COLOURS
Stilt
2nd Podium
3rd Podium
Refuge Floor
SECTION
AQUARIA GRANDE 05
Total 360
Visitors parking 36
Total parking required 396
Total parking provided 409
AQUARIA GRANDE 06
Concept
CONCEPT OF THEARCHITECT
Linked Hybrid projects a renewed thinking about the public space within
large scale high rise projects. Holl shows us in this project how his ideal
vertical city should work. It is his ideal city within a city.
07 LINKED
HYBRID
PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad
SECTION THROUG SKY BRIDGE
Horizontal
and Vertical
circulation
08 LINKED
PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad HYBRID
TAIPEI 101 OBJECTIVE: To study The Structural
Taipei City, Taiwan, 2004 concept implied for a high ride building
Architect: C.Y. Lee & partners
Client: Taipei Financial Center Corp
Building Footprint: 2500 m2
Gross Floor Area: 412.500 m2
Height: 508 m
Cost US$: 1.6 billion
Lifts: 61
Status: Constructed
Concept
CONCEPT OF THEARCHITECT
The unusual tower shape is an idea of the architect C.Y. Lee from
Taipei. He was inspired by local culture, the building reflects the
culture in which it functions. Lee was looking for balance between
local culture and internationalism. The tall building symbolizes
a broader understanding and anticipation of things to come:
we “climb” in order to “see further”. The building rises from the
ground like a bamboo, a symbol of everlasting strength in Chinese
culture. In the section, the shape of a pagoda is recognizable. EXTRA TEXT EXPLANATION
Taipe 101 Tower rises in 8 modules, a design based on the Chinese
lucky number “8”. In cultures that observe a seven-day week the The Taipei 101, formerly known as the Taipei World Financial Center, is a
number eight symbolizes a renewal of time (7+1). In cultures landmark skyscraper located in the Hsinyi Distric of the city, the rapid-
where seven is the lucky number, 8 represent 1 better than ‘lucky growing “Manhattan” of Taipei. This is the future center of financial
seven’. Each modue has 8 floors and flares wider t the top. There power in Taiwan. Taipei 101 is owned by the Taipei Financial Center
are 101 floors above the ground and 5 floors underground. Corporation (TFCC).
It ’s more challenging to design and build a super-tal building Taipei 101 has one of the fastest ascending elevator speed with 1010
in Taipei than any other location in the world because t yphoon meters per minute, which is 16.83 m/s (60.6 km/h). These Toshiba
winds, large potential earthquakes and weak soil conditions all elevators are able to take visitors from the main floor to the observatory
need to be overcome. A damping system was implemented to on the 89th floor in under 39 seconds.
reduce the excessive lateral accelerations from wind.
Taipei 101’s own roof and facade recycled water system meets 20-30
In the time it was build, the height of the Taipei 101 was percent of the building’s water needs. Upgrades are currently under
recordbreaking, previously held by the Petronas Towers with way to make Taipei 101 “the world’s tallest green building” by LEED
452 meters. It was the highest building in the world, build in an
area with t yphoons and earthquakes! The height of 101 floors
commemorates the renewal of time: the new century that arrived
as the tower was built (100+1) and all the new years that follow IMAGES
(January 1 = 1-01). It symbolizes high ideals by going one better 1. Construction drawings
on 100, a traditional number of perfection. 2. Elevators overview
3. Taipei 101 as a landmark in the evening
09 TAIPEI
101
PRATEEK SRIVASTAVA Vth Year B.ARCH MIT-Aurangabad
SITE & SURROUNDINGS
In India Kohinoor In India Kanchanjunga In India, Aquaria In China, Linked In Taiwan, Taipei 101 is
Square is located in the is located in Pedder Grande is located Hybrid is located • A High-Rise Structure comes out
located in Taipei. It is in
heart of the city Dadar, Road of Greater Borivali, a suburb of Beijing. The site is of necessity. Specially in a
a dense urban
Greater Mumbai. Mumbai, The Island Mumbai. The site is surrounded by many booming economical center with
environment in CBD
site is in commercial city. Near the site to surrounded by a dense high rise colonies of growing population.
are of Taipei.
hub. Surrounded by the west is the Arabian Low-Rise residential same developer. It is • Most populous cities have most
Surrounded by world
various high end sea and the neigh areas hence its Tallest also adjacent to the old numbers of High rise structures
class urban
national and hood is surrounded by structure in the vicinity. cityIt has Good • It is seen that tallest high rise
infrastructure and high
international office and many high rise There are many parks connectivity the cities structures are found in the heart
rise buildings with a
luxurious apartments. structures influenced and schools as well express way. Hence of the city.
view to a near by
The famous Shivaji park by Kanchanjunga as it near to the site can attract a many • Or a new economic center of any
mountain.
is a 5 mins walk from the was the First High rise visitors in their city city
site. in the area within a city
SOIL TYPE
Dadar is situated in the heart of mumbai, soil Malabar hills is situated in the heart of Borivali is situated in the Suburb of • To Understand the type of soil of
is loamy and sandy, due to proximity to sea. mumbai, soil is loamy and sandy, due mumbai, soil is loamy and sandy, due any site is important to develop a
Similar to soil types in northwestern also to proximity to sea. Similar to soil types to proximity to sea. Similar to soil types
in northwestern also similar because of
- - conceptual level structure
similar because of occurrence of basalt rock. in northwestern also similar because of proposal for any high-rise
occurrence of basalt rock. occurrence of basalt rock. structure.
ORIENTATION
In Mumbai, a building has to be oriented As said in Correas design n Mumbai, a The Linked Hybrid is mainly based on
The Retail outlet of Taipei 101 are • If a high rise structure is oriented
The homes and Offices offer unrivalled east-west to catch prevailing sea breezes building has to be oriented east-west User oriented planning as well as
located toward the south where as the studying is climatic conditions its
and unrestricted views of the Northern and to open up the best views of the city. to catch prevailing sea breezes and to climatic.
Main entrance to the skyscraper is in can greatly increase the natural
Suburbs, South Mumbai, Eastern Port Unfortunately, these are also the open up the best views of the city. the shades toward the North-east side. ventilation and light thus
and the Arabian Sea. directions of the hot sun and the heavy Hence the Site is designed in such a reducing the load on HVAC
monsoon rains. The old bungalows solved way that the enclouser of the two tower system and lighting system .
these problems by wrapping a protective trap maximum winds from the west to Thus making it energy efficient.
layer of verandas around the main living east
areas, thus providing the occupants with • Success of Vernacular approach
two lines of defence against the elements. or passive sustainable
technology could be easily
enhanced by proper orientation
CONCEPT
Plan form The tower has served as an icon of modern.
Design Concept: An iconic structure basically evolved Taiwan ever since its openingThe building • It important to design a building
drawing inspiration from the diamond. from the cross was architecturally created as a symbol of the which is relevant to the urban
ventilation evolution of technology and Asian tradition. fabric of the city it proudly soars
process through Its postmodernist approach to style incorporates the sky of.
the west to east traditional design elements and gives them
travelling winds modern treatments. • A resilient mixed use cluster
of Mumbai development can be an attempt
It was clear that the architect has Where balconies
reference to Lecorbusier’s crossover to solve any high density urban
units in Unit habitation in Marseilles in also gave an
space issues
1952. Correa planned the 3 and 4 artistic
bedroom units interlocking with 5 and 6 impression to the
bedroom units. 3-4 bedroom units
occupies on and half level, and 5-6
towers "open city within a city". The
project promotes interactive
bedroom units occupies two and half
PRATEEK
relations and encourages
levels. There are small level displacement encounters in the public
within the units to differenciate outdoor spaces that vary from
terrace and indoor living space, dining
SRIVASTAVA
commercial, residential, and
room and bedrooms and so on. These educational to recreational.
VERTICAL ZONING
PRATEEK
SRIVASTAVA
Vth Year B.ARCH
MIT-Aurangabad
SERVICE CORE
• The Central Core PRATEEK
is surrounded by
Central core consist of 4 Lifts each
SRIVASTAVA
the office spaces
and refuge areas • Lobby has 3 Passenger lifts Vth Year B.ARCH
MIT-Aurangabad
(at 24 meter of connecting all floors and 1 Fire
height) escape Lift
• There are • Core connects 2 units on envry
segregated office floor
space from 2nd to • It has one staircases and one Central core
24th floor with shaft • Central core is the heart of
toilets to each any skyscraper
office and a • It must be efficiently designed
common toilet s Central core consist of 3 Lifts each in terms of planning as well
also provided on • Each Lobby has 2 Passenger lifts as cost
all these floors. connecting all floors and 1 Fire • A core holds all the services
escape Lift of a skyscraper hence it
Central core consist of 24Lifts • Core connects 3 units on envry floor contains structural values as
• 3 Lobbies of 6 Lifts serving levels • It has two staircases and one shaft well
25th to 39th • The planning is such that there is
• Spaces between the lifts where a lift natural ventilation in the core
lobby is not provided are used as
toilets with dust at either side: 2 lifts
from this pack of 6 are assessable to
lower floors as well
• 1 lobby of 4 lifts serving levels 1st to
24th
• There is a lift bank at 24th floor .
• 2 services lifts travelling Throughout
AREA DISTRIBUTION
the building
• 2 Stair cases are also placed in the Kohinoor Square
core Hotel Office
Residential Retail
Parking Services
Recreational ground Central core
13% 3% 10% • Central core is the heart of
Taipei
Residential Tower 21% 26% • It connects all 101 floors
• Central core serves 3 lifts and 1 though a number of lifts
16%
services lifts • The Fastest lift is travelling at
• It connects 8 units on each floor a speed of 1010 m/ min.
11%
• It connects 6 on 17th floor which is • That is 16.7 m/s
refuge floor Residential Services Parking • Travelling though 364 m of
• UNITS- 2.5 bhk 3bhk 3.5 bhk height
• The downward speed is 10m/s
25%
15% 60%
Kanchanjunga Apt.
REFUGE AREAS
Refuge Floors Refuge floors • A refuge floor is very important for the
At 11th floor the first refuge floor is : 5th, 11th, 17th, safety of people living in a high rise
provided structure
23rd & 29th • In case of high-rise bldg. More than 30
DCR RULE m then first refuge floor shall be
In case of high-rise bldg. more than 30 provided at 24 m or first habitable
m then first refuge floor shall be SECTION SHOWING
floor whichever is higher. Thereafter
provided at 24 m or first habitable floor at every seventh habitable floor.
REFUGE FLOORS • Refuge floors
whichever is higher. Thereafter at every WHICH IS 4% AREA OF • Which is 4% area of the habitable zone
seventh habitable floor. THE HABITABLE ZONE above
ABOVE