M2R 2101 Complete

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M2R
CONTENTS
Introduction 4
Executive Summary
0 PROLOGUE: RUSSIAN CONTEXT 8

Russian urban context
Russian market context

I CHAPTER: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 20
Research method
Research focus
Identifying local demand
Goal
Cities selection process
II CHAPTER: IDENTIFYING CITIES 32

Hard data
Soft data
Evaluation
III CHAPTER: CITY PROFILES 74

Data for profiles
Kaliningrad
Krasnodar
Voronezh
Rostov-on-don
Sochi
Nizhniy Novgorod
Kazan
Ufa
Yekaterinburg
Novosibirsk
Irkutsk
Vladivostok

IV EPILOGUE: ADVICES FOR DUTCH PLANNERS 348
Getting in
Bonus list
2 M2RU 3
INTRODUCTION
Why a market research? And why Russia? A country that has been embargoed by a large part of the western
world. The answer is not simple and it is a mix of more general considerations and professional ones.
First Russia is a big country and therefore a big market. It has by far the largest territory that houses 142 million people,
the world’s 9th largest population. According to the World Bank, its economy is the 10th largest and has been growing
significantly in the last 2 decades. Despite the sheer size, the population is largely concentrated west of the Ural
Mountains and with an urbanization rate of around 75% - comparable to that of Germany – largely concentrated in a
relatively small number of larger cities. Therefore the architecture and urban development market – despite the size of
the country - is rather focused. This allows achieving a high degree of market penetration with limited resources.
The settlement patterns of all Russian cities with the exception of Moscow and St. Petersburg were quite similar. This means
that everywhere problems are big. Transport breakdowns, dilapidated housing stock, shortcomings of the socialist urban
development model, deindustrialization, suburbanization – all these phenomena can be observed everywhere and all over the
country – all on the background of a country in transition from the socialist regime to a new, yet not fully defined model.
It therefore is the scale of the challenge its complexities that make Russia interesting to architects and urban planners equally.
For the market research we have been employing a non-traditional approach since we felt that – while
data evaluation can give a rough overview - many trends and promising leads happen underneath
the radar. We therefore combined several methods to form our own approach.
We hope that this market research delivers the interested reader valuable insights into Russian architecture and urban
development markets. We hope it helps you as much as it did help us in defining our own strategy in how to operate in Russia.
Enjoy reading!
The research team of MLA+
M2RU 5
M2R
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Urban Planning and Potentially interesting places for Dutch architects and urban
planners have been identified as cities where key skills of
The cities listed as the top 12 most interesting and promising
places outside Moscow and St. Petersburg are
Architecture as a market only Dutch experts can play an important role:
– Irkutsk
form a critical mass that is – Strategic planning: Development of framework – Kaliningrad
interesting for foreign firms masterplans that set out development directions
– Waterfront development: water scape regeneration and
– Kazan
in a relatively small number (re-)connection of urban areas to water bodies

– Krasnodar
– Nizhny Novgorod
of cities. Most of them are – Inner city regeneration: Revitalising and repairing existing
city cores – Novosibirsk
located west of the Ural – Residential design: design of mass market, especially mid – Rostov on Don
market housing in larger complexes – Sochi
Mountains and therefore are – Sustainable urban mobility: resolution of transport related – Ufa
relatively easy to reach. Next problems – Vladivostok
to Moscow and St. Petersburg,

– Complex development: Creation of mix use complexes – Voronezh
introducing centralities in strategic locations – Yekaterinburg
the so called Millionniki – the – Redevelopment: reprogramming and rescue of urban
brownfield This selection of cities offers a wide range of challenges and
cities that in Soviet Times – Project management: design, delivery & quality
numerous opportunities for Dutch expertise to excel.
had more than 1 million management processes For these 12 cities we have taken the market research to a next
level. Not only are the cities introduced in detail, but also key
inhabitants - are probably the To identify the most interesting places, the market research
that has been carried out adopts dual approach. On one hand
challenges, projects currently under way and the next big things
have been identified in intense talks with local stakeholders,
most obvious places. But they statistical data, rankings and other hard data were evaluated.
A second, alternative approach captures the soft factors,
politicians and professionals. To add practical usability, the market
research also provides names and contacts of key figures in the
differ in terms of development, the experience of knowledgeable professionals and of local
residents and the image conveyed by a place. These two
city, so that any Dutch architect and urban planner interested in a
social, economic and political research tracks have been combined to give a more complete
place or a problem can immediately tap into networks on different
levels – political, economic and societal.
picture and to identify places in a more complete way than
situation and therefore a each of the methods separately would have been able to While this allows direct access to people, the research also makes
achieve.
closer look is necessary. In recommendations how Dutch experts themselves can appear
on the Russian market and what – from our own and others
addition to these places a experience – the best way into it can be.
number of smaller cities have

managed to put themselves
on the map of places that
have potential.
6 M2RU 7
0. PROLOGUE
M2R
prologue RUSSIAN URBAN CONTEXT
WHAT IS URBAN
CULTURE
IN RUSSIA?
Russia had a very limited number of cities in the
beginning of XX century and small urban population.
2/3 of all cities in Russia were built in the Soviet era:
According to the first Russian census of 1897 the country
had 430 cities, in 1997 there were 1087 cities.
During Soviet times the urban population grew ten

fold - from 15,5 million people in 1917 to 109,8
million people in 1991 [Pivovarov, 2006].
Most of the urban fabric in the country was built after World War II
following the modernist paradigms of light, air and sun and mass
production. To accommodate the new urbanites and to achieve a
more balanced settlement pattern across the country, cities were
developed fast, using prefabrication and identical development
models. This also meant a big part of the population in cities
had rural origins and often kept living its rural life in the new
environments, leading to an hybrid culture that neither was entirely
urban nor entirely rural anymore. Preserving some of the rural
skills also proved useful, especially in times of scarce food supply.
As a consequence, today we are dealing with cities that often do

not have a historical core but vast industrial areas frequently under
utilized and awaiting a new purpose and a culture that - while
in the meantime more urban - still has traces of a rural past.
During the Soviet Union and following socialist ideology,

creating living environments for workers was the main
purpose of urban development. The notion of quality of life
did not play a major role and only starts to emerge slowly as
a guiding principle of urban development. Therefore, there is
a huge need for redevelopment and quality improvements.
Russian urbanites in 1959

(visit of Christian Dior to Moscow, note that most of women are wearing head-
scarves, which marks their rural background)
image source: http://www.go2life.net/people/161-30-unikalnyh-foto-1959-goda-kris-
tian-dior-v-moskve.html
10 M2RU 11
M2R
prologue RUSSIAN URBAN CONTEXT
THE RUSSIAN CITY TODAY
Russian cities today are a mix Outside Russia the impression persists that Russian cities have
barely changed since the end of the Soviet Union. That impression
a large part of the population still is relatively poor. In between
these groups an urban middle class has been growing but it still is
of cutting edge technology and is fed by the – often highly elaborated - photo safaris undertaken
by photographers in search for the post socialist decay. Indeed run
rather small and hit hardest by the many crises Russia has been
experiencing since the late 1980’s. Despite these ups and downs
development and outdated down city quarters, abandoned industrial plants, former research
centre s, schools, parks and holiday resorts can be found all over
this group is the key target group for many development projects
in recent years. Their budgets, aspirations and their desired life
and delapidated housing, the Russian Federation. They are silent witnesses of an era long
gone and they are both, challenge and opportunity equally.
styles have a big impact on the development models that are
being pursued.
industry and infrastructure. While these monuments of the past still form a large part of most The different levels of maintenance and newness in Russian
This creates conditions that Russian cities, other parts show a very different picture: Well
maintained city centre s, lively urban streets, pedestrian zones,
cities do lead to a very heterogenic urban fabric with contrasts
stronger than common elsewhere. Zones of activity and such that
in their overlay are unique vivid inner city neighbourhoods and post- reuse of old factories.
In all larger cities these zones have seen significant improvements
have been abandoned exist immediately side by side, creating a
rather impermeable collection of clusters. The fact that a lot of new
and highly challenging. At the and especially in recent years a focus has shifted from refurbishing
or replacing buildings to uplifting the urban environment as a
development is inward looking and tries to seclude itself from the
city by means of walls, gates, security only increases this problem.
same time, the omnipresence whole, therefore including streets and local public spaces. Russian cities therefore depend more on road and public transport
infrastructure to move between active parts of the city than is the
of singular development A third element of the past that is not always in a good condition
but also lively: The Microrayons – the residential micro districts
case elsewhere. The problem: Soviet city development models
always treated each development as a secluded entity connected
models in the whole country that have been developing since the 1960’s at the periphery. While
from the outside they resemble western modernist large scale
to one arterial transport corridor. With the enormous increase of
cars, a system that – unlike a network – does not have much
over long periods also creates housing estates from the 1960’s to 1980’s they are often mistaken
by foreigners as problem zones of the same order as the socially
redundancy, a lack of traffic management and long postponed
few prototypical city structures. deprived counterparts in the west. That does not comply with the
social and economic condition they are in. Microrayons in Russia
upgrades of transport infrastructure all cities are suffering from
severe transport problems causing epic traffic jams.
Therefore any solution largely house the middle class and therefore are more stable and
Another problem is to be found in the way Russian society is
organized. Ever since tsarist times, the state has been organized
suffer less from vandalism, crime and social deprivation.
developed not only applies to Since 1990 Russian cities literally have been exploding in size.
in a strictly hierarchical manner with the top leader deciding on
most issues – big questions and small details. Today this model
a singular context as often is Like in the west, with increasing car ownership and cheap fuel
suburbanisation has taken place everywhere. But while in Europe
is not only common in the public administration but also in the
business community and society as a whole. Processes are rather
the case in western european and the US this model usually is associated with seas of single
family houses close to motorway entries, in Russia the result is
iterative and ad hoc and decision making is not always consistent
and based on knowledge but on authority of the leader. This leads
cities but to many cases. more varied. The Russian Datcha (a second summer home in the delays, contradictions and failures that a more horizontal system
probably could avoid. However – it does not mean that there is
countryside) as a model has been adapted to serve as the out
A single solution therefore of town single family house; usually hidden behind high fences. no corrective. Especially in urban development there are often
These suburban datchas are located in dense clusters with little quite rich debates that include a wide variety of local individuals.
cannot only improve life of a infrastructure, resembling allotment garden settlements in many In this context the role of the activist has become an important
western cities. The complete opposite can also be found: New voice, bringing together public opinion and exercising checks and
few but immediately can have types of Micro districts with highrise buildings around public balances. These individuals that have charged themselves with
a specific mission are vocal forces pushing for their agendas and
a big impact on thousands of spaces. While the model has not changed dramatically since
soviet times, the quality has improved significantly. Not only do often succeed.
people all across Russia. the buildings offer more variety and a more architectural language
that is also executed at much higher quality, but also a regime
All these aspects together lead to a quite colorful image of the
post-soviet city where many of the big challenges that especially
of public, semi-private and private spaces results in increasing
in western cities have been solved are still pending. It is this mix
quality.
that makes it challenging to work in these places while at the
Saratov city residential district Since the end of the Soviet Union the social and economic divide, same time booking results brings improvements on a scale and for
Image source: especially in the bigger cities has been growing. Today an upper numbers of people that are hard to match elsewhere.
http://vk.com/yebenya?z=photo-69563163_393150752%
2Falbum-69563163_00%2Frev class lives a luxury life in lifestyle bubbles within the city while
12 M2RU 13
Historical core Depending on The typical Russian city has a construction allowed for a high
individual city historical core, which is often speed development of new areas
history, but in represented by a regular grid for the new “mikrorayon” model –
M2R most cases end pattern, which goes back to urban form typology, combining
of XVIII, XVIIIth century planning enforced housing, schools, kindergartens, RUSSIAN URBAN CONTEXT
prologue
beginning of XX by Ekaterina the Great service and medical facilities
century [Gulyanizkiy, 1995]. inside the plot.
URBAN STRUCTURE OF RUSSIAN CITIES The grid mixes low and midrise
buildings.
of Description Urban pattern

ation
– 1970s
panel TheSoviet prefabricated
city 1950s panel– 1970s The prefabricated Soviet city
panel 1950s – 1970s TheSovietprefabricated
city 1950s panel
– 1970s The
Soviet city
prefabricated1950s – 1970s
panel The prefabricated panel
a high construction allowedcity for has
a high construction allowed for a high construction allowed for a high construction allowed for a high 1970s onward The block formation
construction allowed for a high was
ding on The typical Russian
Industrial belt First wave aof Large industrial enterprises were
w areas
ual city speed HISTORICAL
development
historical core, which of new areas
is often
industrialization, INDUSTRIAL
speed development of new areas
established together with IN-BETWEEN speed development of new areas SOVIET CITY
speed development of new areas SOVIET CITY
replaced by ofmore
speed development organic and
new areas POST SOVIET
model
, but in– for the new “mikrorayon” modelgrid– for the new “mikrorayon” model – for the new “mikrorayon” model – for the new “mikrorayon” model – for the new “mikrorayon” model50%
larger spatial entities. – of all
mbining
represented
urban form CORE by a regular
typology,
end of XIX,
combining BELT
development of the railway
urban form typology, AREAS 1950 – 1970 AFTER 1970
Soviet Union housing stock was CITY
cases end pattern, which goesbeginning
back toof XX system, encircling the combining
historical urban form typology, combining urban form typology, combining urban form typology, combining
gartens, housing, schools, kindergartens, housing, schools, kindergartens, housing, schools, kindergartens, housing, schools, kindergartens, constructed in
housing, schools, kindergartens,the “Brezhnev
I, XVIII th
century planning enforced
century urban cores.
facilities service and medical period” (1965-1982)
ning of XX The
by historical core often
Ekaterina the facilities
features aGreat service and
regular Accommodated the medical
first wavefacilities
of Before the mass housingservice and medical facilities
construction The service and panel
prefabricated medical facilities
construction service
The and medical
block formation facilities
was replaced by With the fall of the Soviet Union, the rising
y inside
grid the
pattern, plot.
which
[Gulyanizkiy, 1995]. goes back to XVIIIth inside the
industrialization. plot.
Large industrial era kicked in the need inside the plot.
for housing was inside
allowed for the plot.speed development
a high inside
more the
organic plot.
The scale and speed levels
and larger spatial entities. of of car ownership and an emerging
century planning enforced by Ekaterina the enterprises were established together enormous, resulting in barracks and of new areas for the new “mikro rayon” 50% of allconstruction
Soviet Union housing
developed at that of wealthy people who could afford
stock class
The [Gulyanizkiy,
Great grid mixes1995].
low andWithinmidrise
the grid with development of the railway system, self built housing that was informally model – urban form typology, combining was constructed in the “Brezhnev period” villas, development around cities in the
time is still operational.
low and mid-rise buildings coexist.
buildings. encircling the historical urban cores. sprawling around the newly built industrial housing, schools, kindergartens, service (1965-1982). green zones started. Growing demand
enterprises. and medical facilities inside large plots. for private house ownership resulted in
sprawling suburban settlements.
XVIII - BEGINNING XX CENTURY END XIX - BEGINNING XX CENTURY UNTIL MID XX CENTURY 1950s – 1970s 1970s ONWARD 1990s ONWARD
Urban pattern
n onward
was The block formation 1970s onward
was The block formation was 1970s onward The block formation 1970s onward
was The block formation 1970s onward
was The block formation was
ave of Large industrial enterprises were Postsoviet city 1990s onward With the fall of the Soviet Union,
nic
hasand a Inbetween
replaced Until the and
by more organic mid-XX Before
replaced the massorganic
by more housing and replaced by more organic and replaced by more organic and replacedthebyrising
more organic
levels of carand
ownership
rialization, established together with (suburban
% of
s often all areas
larger century
spatial entities. 50% of all construction
larger spatialera kicked
entities. 50%in oftheall larger spatial entities. 50% of all larger spatial entities. 50% of all and anentities.
larger spatial emerging50%class
of of
all wealthy
XIX,was development of the railway sprawl)
ock
ar grid Soviet Union housing stock was need
SovietforUnion
housing was enormous,
housing stock was Soviet Union housing stock was Soviet Union housing stock was Soviet Union housing stock was villas,
people who could afford
ning of XX system, encircling the “Brezhnev
historical development around cities in the
rezhnev constructed in the resulting in barracks
constructed in the and“Brezhnev
self built constructed in the “Brezhnev constructed in the “Brezhnev constructed
ack to green inzonesthe became
“Brezhnev common
y urban
period”cores.
(1965-1982) housings sprawling
period” (1965-1982) around the period” (1965-1982) period” (1965-1982) period” practice.
(1965-1982)
nforced Growing demand for
Great newly built industrial enterprises. private house ownership resulted
eed of The scale and speed of The scale and speed of The scale and speed of The scale and speed of The scalein and speed of
sprawling suburban
at that construction developed at that construction developed at that construction developed at that construction developed at that construction developed at that
settlements.
midrise time is still operational. time is still operational. time is still operational. time is still operational. time is still operational.
Federal Service for Land
Cadastre of Russia states that
the area of built-up land in the
country grew from 30 to 54
thousand sq. km in 1990-1999.
This means that the rate of
territorial expansion of the built
environment during that decade
tonward
Union, With the fall ofcity
Postsoviet the Soviet
1990sUnion,
onward With the fall of the Postsoviet
Soviet Union,
city 1990s onward With the fall ofcity
Postsoviet the Soviet
1990sUnion,
onward With the fallcity
Postsoviet of the1990s
Sovietonward
Union, With thealone
fall ofisthe Soviet Union,
comparable with that of
he were
es mid-XX
wnership Before
risingthe
the(suburban levelsmass housing
of car ownership the rising levels of car ownership the(suburban
rising levels of car ownership the rising levels of car ownership the rising levels
previous of car ownership
hundreds of years of
(suburban (suburban
ywealthy
with and an emerging
construction era class
kickedof wealthy
in the and an emerging class of wealthy and an emerging class of wealthy and an emerging class of wealthy and an emerging class of[Golubchikov
Russian history. wealthy O.,
d villas, sprawl)
people people who could sprawl) sprawl) sprawl) who could afford villas,
railway need for who
housingcould
wasafford villas,
enormous, afford villas, people who could afford villas, people people 2004]
who could afford villas,
es in the development around cities in the development around cities in the development around cities in the development around cities in the development around cities in the
storical
ommon resulting in barracks
green zones became and self built
common green zones became common green zones became common green zones became common green zones became common
and for housings
practice. Growing demand the
sprawling around for practice. Growing demand for practice. Growing demand for practice. Growing demand for practice. Growing demand for
resulted privatebuilt
newly house ownership
industrial resulted
enterprises. private house ownership resulted private house ownership resulted private house ownership resulted private house ownership resulted
uburban in sprawling suburban in sprawling suburban in sprawling suburban in sprawling suburban in sprawling suburban
settlements. settlements. settlements. settlements. settlements.
Land Federal Service for Land Federal Service for Land Federal Service for Land Federal Service for Land Federal Service for Land
tes that Cadastre of Russia states that Cadastre of Russia states that Cadastre of Russia states that Cadastre of Russia states that Cadastre of Russia states that
d in the the area of built-up land in the the area of built-up land in the the area of built-up land in the the area of built-up land in the the area of built-up land in the
to 54 country grew from 30 to 54 country grew from 30 to 54 country grew from 30 to 54 country grew from 30 to 54 country grew from 30 to 54
90-1999. thousand sq. km in 1990-1999. thousand sq. km in 1990-1999. thousand sq. km in 1990-1999. thousand sq. km in 1990-1999. thousand sq. km in 1990-1999.
rate of This means that the rate of This means that the rate of This means that the rate of This means that the rate of This means that the rate of
he built territorial expansion of the built territorial expansion of the built territorial expansion of the built territorial expansion of the built territorial expansion of the built
decade environment during that decade environment during that decade environment during that decade environment during that decade environment during that decade
h that of alone is comparable with that of alone is comparable with that of alone is comparable with that of alone is comparable with that of alone is comparable with that of
ears of
housing 14previous hundreds of years of previous hundreds of years of previous hundreds of years of previous hundreds of years of
M2RU previous hundreds of years of 15
hikov O., Russian history. [Golubchikov O., Russian history. [Golubchikov O., Russian history. [Golubchikov O., Russian history. [Golubchikov O., Russian history. [Golubchikov O.,
M2R
prologue RUSSIAN MARKET CONTEXT
DIFFERENCES & SIMILARITIES OF THE

RUSSIAN MARKET
The Dutch and the Russian SIMILARITIES DIFFERENCES

market for planning and
architecture services have ...in the ...in the MYTHS
a few things in common architecture market architecture market
There are some myths circulating outside Russia
but otherwise vary greatly. As in the Netherlands the Russian real estate market is The typological variety of buildings is smaller than in the about working as architect and planner here:
This does not mean that dominated by a number of developers that usually do Netherlands and a mix of high and low types barely exists. There is no such thing as self-censorship in informal talks.
Business partners from private and public sector do not hide
big projects (50.000 to 600.000 m2 GFA). Apart from a
Dutch expertise is not number of them that are active all across Russia or the
Instead either projects with very urban typologies (perimeter
blocks, highrise) or with suburban to rural types (row houses, their opinions and usually are well and broadly informed.
European part of Russia, there are also sizable development
useful, but it means that companies that operate more locally in every larger city.
single family houses, cottages) are being realized. Particularly in urban planning projects the local population
actively participates and states its opinion, often with fierce
Especially outside central areas of cities,
it needs to be adjusted to There is a high degree use of prefabricated materials. However developers realize entire micro districts, including conviction and against the political establishment. Politics
try more and more to accommodate these opinions.
the quality and specs greatly differ and so does the expertise
local conditions to serve on the construction site then assembling the elements.
provision of basic community infrastructure
There is a big and active scene of activists around urban
Often the result is less satisfying than in the Netherlands. Many developers do not have long standing
its purpose successfully. Developers tend to realize lifestyle environments
experience in the market and therefore often lack the questions. The usually involve themselves whether or not
they are asked and typically are very well informed about
experience in decision making within projects
around specific topics chosen. latest developments worldwide in their field of expertise.
The division of the implementation process into a design and
construction implementation phase that usually have separate The Russian consumer did not have time to develop an
equally refined knowledge about what the housing market
architectural practices to work on often hampers delivery quality.
could offer. Instead people are still rooted in the Soviet
Few quality securing tools from the side of the public tradition of ‘being given a house’, meaning that many still
sector when developers implement projects. feel they need to be happy to have something at all.
...in the
...in the
planning market
planning market
The cities play a strong role in urban planning, via their general
plans they define general development directions. However, a Planning is very technically driven and focusing on target
lack of professionalism and expertise on the side of the local numbers. Quality objectives are underrepresented in the
planning system. the same is true for the scene of professionals.
Nevertheless, Russia offers
planning authorities often does not lead to the results envisioned.
Creative urban designers are the exception, urban planners interesting opportunities for
Private developers engage in urban planning on with economic or geographic background are the norm.
the level of area development. Often this then is
There is little continuity in urban planning and urban
Dutch expertise and operating
part of the overall branding of an area.
plans are often used as tools in political fights. in Russia at present often is
There are strong and formalized legal procedures that also
involve the public in the form of statutory public consultations, Due to their history and a uniform planning regime Russian cities
all face more or less similar problems but nevertheless there
valued highly by clients.
especially for the bigger planning frameworks.
seems little collaboration between cities in solving them collectively
16 M2RU 17
M2R
prologue RUSSIAN MARKET CONTEXT
A DIFFICULT MARKET – BUT STILL A MARKET!
Since starting the market Despite sanctions and an economic slowdown, it is by no means
such that the domestic Russian market has collapsed entirely.
problems that require special attention:
research in the end of There are clear signs of crisis but there is also sustained demand,
especially in second and third tier cities that are only in the
– the Russian ruble is highly volatile which is a commercial
risk that, especially for long term projects needs to be dealt
2013, the market in Russia, process of catching up with Moscow and St. Petersburg when
it comes to providing better urban environments and housing.
with. Here contracts in other currencies or exchange rate
insurances can be a solution. Depending on clients, this can
particularly for foreign These markets are much less dependent on foreign investment
than the big two and investment here comes largely from the
come at a premium at the expense of ones own profit margins.
competitors has drastically local population that is buying for its own use. But also in the two
– even though there is no open disadvantage to foreign
practices, there might be a trend to favour Russian
largest cities some market segments such as housing, urban
changed. The Russian planning and landscape design still experience sustained demand.
expertise over foreign for political reasons.
– the current regime of sanctions against and of Russia

economy has slipped into a The central government - even though short on funds - also
seeks to support urban development and the construction
could make it impossible to perform (some) services
veritable crisis, the Russian market in introducing tools to get citizens on the property
for Russian private and particularly public clients
ladder. Buyers get discounted loans or loans with less liens. – obtaining visa has become an issue, especially
Ruble has lost almost half An increasing number of cities and political leaders understands
with private sector client invitations that are often
of its value and with the

rejected by Russian consular services.
that making their city attractive is of crucial importance in the inner
Russian battle for talent but also for international investment. More – in case of legal disputes one cannot assume
conflict in Eastern Ukraine and more cities use the cycles of renewal of their regional plans, Russian courts will decide independently. Therefore
general plans or local plans as well as larger events to introduce a it is advised to agree other mechanisms of conflict
and Crimea a degree of more quality driven way of urban development. With a widespread resolution, e.g. by private arbitrary courts.
lack of experience in quality based urban development plans, this
alienation between Western opens opportunities for Dutch expertise, especially in collaborating All of these issues have measures to mitigate them - either
with the big planning institutes that are inherited from Soviet times contractually or by means of involving Russian or foreign partners
Europe and Russia has more recently need to operate as commercially operating firms. with experience in dealing with these issues but independent
of whether they might be an issue or not, they have an impact
taken place. However, any With the double crisis around Russia that we are on the way collaborations and projects need to be set up.
currently experiencing came a series of risks and
crisis should be seen as a
challenge and opportunity
equally.
Source:
http://www.themoscowtimes.com/
upload/iblock/598/5555-20-BUILD-
ING-Yevgeny-Razumny-_-Vedo-
mosti.jpg
18 M2RU 19
1. RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
M2R
research methodology CITIES SELECTION PROCESS
CITIES SELECTION PROCESS
What are the most

interesting places to
pitch for work out of an
assumed group of about
30 cities? This market
analysis aims to answer
exactly that question!
Russia often is reduced to Moscow and Saint Petersburg. They

are the two administrative, economical and cultural capitals of MOSCOW
Russia and naturally are markets that can be of interest to the
Dutch planning and architecture disciplines. But these two cities ST.PETERSBURG DATA RESEARCH
house only about 1/8th of the population of Russia. Russia has
Hard data + Soft data
another 14 cities larger than Amsterdam of which 10 have more
than 1 million inhabitants - a market that is largely unknown to Population level
most westerners. These and a number of ‘special’ cities which
are interesting out of other reasons. e.g. tourism, ressources or MOSCOW
events, form the league the market research focusses on.
ST.PETERSBURG
Meanwhile in the «other Russia» there are many niches for 4 LOCAL DEMAND FACTORS
urban specialists to fill. We analysed the most active cities by the
level of their economic potential, desire of its citizens for urban
City funds level Economic potential + Desire for change + Accessibility + Urban Quality
environment transformations and accessibility to detect the TOP-
12 elaborated further. MOSCOW
ST.PETERSBURG
Number of universities
TOP - 12 «OTHER» RUSSIAN CITIES
Economic potential + Desire for change + Accessibility + Urban Quality
8 APPROPRIATE DUTCH COMPETENCES

Strategic planning + Residential design + Sustainable mobility + Project management +
Complex development + Complex re-development + Waterfront development + Inner city
22 M2RU 23
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research methodology RESEARCH METHOD
RESEARCH METHOD
Market research in Planned structure Citizen life The market analysis model
developing markets such we developed therefore
as in Russia cannot be combines the analysis of
done like market research data available with other
in a mature economy where forms of evaluation of
+
processes are formalized, information available. In
a high degree of market a subsequent step these
transparency has been two types of sources of
achieved and where the information are weighted
data available is more against each other, leading
complete and verifiable. to a balanced picture of
Getting to the bottom of where opportunities lie.
market potential requires Statistics
Parameters
Opinions
Special information
All information gathered
a different approach that Facts Personal contacts and evaluated provided
Indicators Private initiatives
helps these deficits and at Raitings the basis for identifying
the same time is capable of the most interesting places
capturing what is emerging to work for Dutch design
without it becoming a consultancy expertise. In
random exercise whithout identifying these places
any grounding. HARD DATA SOFT DATA we looked for the ‘total’
picture, meaning that
what hard data indicated
had to be supported
by soft information and
the other way round.
24 M2RU 25
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research methodology RESEARCH FOCUS
RESEARCH FOCUS
STRATEGIC WATERFRONT INNER

PLANNING DEVELOPMENT CITY
The purpose of the research What the Dutch can offer
was an intermediation In an economy in transition like the Russian one, one may well
ask what the market actually is. It has not matured as in Western
between russian demand Europe and therefore the types of products different players offer
for urban development

vary greatly and on the level of decision making in Russia it often
is not known what the market has to offer. Instead they usually
and dutch supply of refer to well known but largely outdated products rooted in the
Soviet planning and architecture tradition. Following discussions
professional townplanning with clients, government officials and professionals, the types
of commissions Dutch architecture and planning professionals
skills; and conversely excel in the eyes of Russian market parties can be identified as:
- dutch demand for the – Strategic planning: Development of framework

newest urbanplanning masterplans that set out development directions RESIDENTIAL SUSTAINABLE
DESIGN URBAN MOBILITY
ideas realization space – Waterfront development: water scape regeneration
and (re-)connection of urban areas to water bodies
and russian supply of – Inner city regeneration: Revitalising

and repairing existing city cores
immature urban territories,
– Residential design: design of mass market,
ready for transformation. especially mid market housing in larger complexes
– Sustainable urban mobility: resolution

of transport related problems
– Complex development: Creation of mix use complexes

introducing centralities in strategic locations
– Redevelopment: reprogramming and

rescue of urban brownfield
– Project management: design, delivery &

COMPLEX COMPLEX PROJECT
quality management processes DEVELOPMENT (RE) DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT
Of course, this definition does not include all expertise that can
be found within the Dutch planning and architecture sector and
it is not meant to be exhaustive, but it leads to a selection of
projects or project types where Dutch architects and urbanists
stand a fair chance of excelling and competing in the market.
In the market research these types of projects played
a particularly important role when determining which
places and markets are most interesting.
26 M2RU 27
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research methodology IDENTIFYING LOCAL DEMAND
IDENTIFYING
LOCAL DEMAND
A market only emerges Desire for change & activity ECONOMIC DESIRE FOR
when supply and demand is a provision of adequate leisure, sports and recreation facilities POTENTIAL CHANGE & ACTIVITY
and housing that reflect the diverse society Russia has become in
meet. Russian cities in the the last decade compared to the uniformity of the Soviet Union but
also the ‘drive’ a city has to change. Measuring these forces, these
last years of the Soviet aspects have been analyzed:
Union and the years after – Rank in most developed city

– Density of city communities
have suffered from a great – Average size of city communities
lack of maintenance and – Major events on the horizon

– Places with high density of urban\cultural events
replacement of existing – Interviews
infrastructure when – Higher architectural education institutions
outdated. Consequently the

theoretical demand is huge Accessibility
and - if ever possible - it is an increasing and improving accessibility to cities and within
metropolitan areas to reduce the omnipresent traffic breakdowns
will take decades to help and to allow for reduced travel times between metropolitan
regions but also opening local societies to accepting people
these deficits. The practical from elsewhere and actively working with them. Here we have
anayised:
and real demand however – Rank in best city for doing business ACCESSIBILITY URBAN
is currently focussed on 4 – Top visited cities, foreign tourism QUALITY
– Top visited cities, internal tourism
basic aspects. – Rank of airport(s) by passenger traffic
– Major events on the horizon
Economic potential – Places with high density of urban\cultural events
is an exploiting the full economic potential of Russian cities and

fostering their economic development. To identify the economic
potential of a city, the following aspects have been considered:
Urban quality
is an improvement of the Quality of Life in cities, ranging from
– Rank in population reduction of environmental pollution across human scale quarters
– Top Universities to a stronger mix of uses. Here we have focused on the perception
– City Population people have of a place and degrees of historical uniqueness:
– Agglomeration population – Rank in best city for living rating
– GDP per capita in rub – Rank in most attractive city rating
– Rank of airport(s) by passenger traffic – Rank according to citizens perception
– Role as a centre – Top visited cities, internal tourism
– Major events on the horizon – Top visited cities, foreign tourism
– Historical cities
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research methodology GOAL
GOAL
The market research

as presented in this
document therefore is a
comprehensive document
aiming at helping Dutch
STRATEGIC
urban and architectural
PLANNING
design expertise to
understand the places RESIDENTIAL
ECONOMIC
and the market but also DESIGN
POTENTIAL
to serve as a kind of initial
SUSTAINABLE
MATCH–MAKING
matchmaking, bringing
MOBILITY
together people. DESIRE FOR
PROJECT CHANGE & ACTIVITY
While it is titled market research, the purpose of this MANAGEMENT
document is reaching much further. Market research
as describing the market in an abstract and generic
way is of limited value for the one that wants to COMPLEX ACCESSIBILITY
enter a market. What is necessary is to have a good
understanding of what the place is about, what is going DEVELOPMENT
on at the moment and what are big issues and topics
on the horizon. This allows positioning oneself in the
right way and coming prepared. This not only increases COMPLEX
the chance of being considered a viable candidate to
advise on a particular problem, it also saves time and (RE-)DEVELOPMENT
investment entering a market necessarily asks for.
URBAN
Urban development in all its aspects is people business. WATERFRONT QUALITY
In the hierarchical structure of Russia and its cities, this DEVELOPMENT
is even more true than in Western Europe. Therefore
it is important to know the people that can help
and – if convinced – can become public supporters INNER
of both, the Dutch party and what it stands for. The
market research gives names that could be the first CITY
point of contact when developing a local network.
30 M2RU 31
2A. IDENTIFYING
THE CITIES
HARD DATA
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identifying cities HARD DATA
HARD DATA
Hard data is information that has been gathered, assembled and
evaluated in a consistent way. Typically hard data uses statistical
information gathered by authorities, structured interviews and
questionnaires with a high number of respondents. The data
we used has either been pre-evaluated by those issuing the
summary or we have evaluated the data ourselves. The sets
of data utilized were selected in such a way that they allow for
conclusions in relation to local demand for design consultancy
services and what has been identified as ‘Dutch’ expertise.
Next to data that gives an overview of market sizes (population
numbers, growth expectations, development level…) the list
of data sets used also contains the results of polls (business
climate, quality of the urban environment, local happiness…).
Among the hard data available for Russian cities there is

firstly, a number of factors, wich define current ecomonical
state of cities and their position in the country as the whole.
Secondly, there was a number of attempts to rate Russian cities.

Each rating has different focus and different set of parameters
taken into account. Athough these ratings evaluated different
factors, different number of cities, had different focus, some cities
scored very high in all of the ratings. That was our starting point.
Following factors were selected:
– city population
– agglomeration population
– GDP per capita
– real estate prices
– airport passenger traffic
– internal tourism
Following ratings were considered:
– Integral rating of 100 largest cities

(best cities to live in) in Russia
– Rating of 164 cities (quality of urban environment) in Russia
– 20 most developed cities
– Best 30 cities for doing business in Russia
– Opinion poll on whether people are happy with their cities
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INDICATORS STRUCTURE Each indicator was composed

of several data parameters
given in a following table.
ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
Ratings Rank in population [1] Rank in best city for Rank in most attractive Rank in most Rank in best city for Rank according to Top visited cities, Top visited cities, Top
living [2] city rating [3] developed city [4] doing business [5] citizens perception [6] foreign tourism [11] internal tourism [6] Universities [8]
Statistics City population Agglomeration GDP per capita in Prices for real estate, Rank of airport(s) by Density of Average strength of
population [2] rub. [3] 1000rub/sq.m [4] passanger traffic [5] city communities city communities
Additional facts Role as a centre Major events on Higher architectural Historical cities [13] Cities mentioned by Cities mentioned by Places with high urban/
the horizon education institutions [9] Anton Finogenov Svyatoslav Murunov cultural events density
DESIRE FOR CHANGE

ACCESSIBILITY
Statistics City population Agglomeration GDP per capita in Prices for real estate, Rank of airport(s) by Density of
population [2] rub. [3] 1000rub/sq.m [4] passanger traffic [5] city communities Average strength of
city communities
URBAN QUALITY
36 M2RU 37
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INDICATORS REFERENCES
[1] Russian cities by population [7] Russia’s 58 busiest airports by passenger traffic in 2013
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Russia_by_population http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_busiest_airports_in_Russia
[2] Integral rating of hundred largest cities (best cities to live in) in [8] Top 15 Russian Universities
Russia (Top - 100) in 2012 by Urbanica http://raexpert.ru/rankingtable/?table_folder=/university/2013/main
http://urbanica.spb.ru/?p=3461&lang=en
[9] Higher architectural education institutions

[3] Rating of 164 cities (quality of urban environment) in Russia 2012 http://www.institute-catalogue.ru/rus/specialty/27.html
- by Russian Union of Engineers and others

http://www.российский-союз-инженеров.рф/рейтинг-российских-городов/ [10] Top visited cities, internal tourism
http://www.interfax.ru/print.asp?sec=1481&id=316367
[4] 20 most developed cities – Russian Reporter

http://rusrep.ru/article/2012/05/29/goroda [11] Top visited cities, foreign tourism
http://www.tourprom.ru/news/print/23704/
[5] Best 30 cities for doing business in Russia – Forbes

http://www.forbes.ru/rating/30-luchshih-gorodov-dlya-biznesa-2013/2013?full=1&table=1 [12] Special tourist economic zones
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Туристско-рекреационная_зона
[6] Opinion poll on whether people are happy with their cities –
Rosgosstrah [13] List of 41 historical city in Russia
http://www.rgs.ru/media/CSR/Life_quality_by_cities.pdf https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Список_исторических_городов_России
38 M2RU 39
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ECONOMIC POTENTIAL DATABASE
RANK IN POPULATION AGGLOMERATION GDP PER CAPITA, REAL ESTATE PRICES RANK OF AIRPORTS MAJOR EVENTS ON HORIZON ROLE AS A TOP
(p.) POPULATION (mln p.) (Rub) (1000 rub/ sq.m) by passenger traffic CENTRE UNIVERSITIES
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DESIRE FOR CHANGE DATABASE
RANK IN POPULATION MAJOR EVENTS ON HORIZON RANK IN MOST DEVELOPED RANK OF AIRPORTS MENTIONED BY MENTIONED BY RANK OF COMMUNI- RANK OF COMMU-
(p.) CITY by passenger traffic A. FINOGENOV S.MURUNOV TIES DENSITY NITIES NUMBER
42 M2RU 43
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ACCESSIBILITY DATABASE
RANK IN BEST CITY FOR TOP VISITED CITIES, TOP VISITED CITIES, RANK OF AIRPORTS MAJOR EVENTS ON HORIZON
DOING BUSINESS foreign tourism internal tourism by passenger traffic
44 M2RU 45
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URBAN QUALITY DATABASE
RANK IN BEST CITY RANK IN MOST ATTRACTIVE RANK IN ATTRACTIVE CITIES TOP VISITED CITIES, TOP VISITED CITIES, HISTORICAL SPECIAL TOUR-
FOR LIVING CITY (by citizens perception) foreign tourism internal tourism CITIES ISTIC ZONES
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RESULTS FOR INDICATORS TOTAL RESULT
ECONOMIC POTENTIAL DESIRE FOR CHANGE AСCESSIBILITY URBAN QUALITY #

CITIES MENTIONED
TOP-11 TOP-16 TOP-11 TOP-8 OF TIMES
YEKATERINBURG 4
NOVOSIBIRSK 4
KAZAN 4
SOCHI 3
KRASNODAR 3
ROSTOV-ON-DON 3
NIZHNY NOVGOROD 3
KALININGRAD 2
VLADIVOSTOK 2
IRKUTSK 2
UFA 1
SAMARA 1
KRASNOYARSK 1
OMSK 1
YAROSLAVL 1
CHELYABINSK 1
VORONEZH 1
KHABAROVSK 1
TOMSK 1
IZHEVSK 1
48 M2RU 49
2B. IDENTIFYING
THE CITIES
SOFT DATA
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identifying cities SOFT DATA
SOFT DATA
Soft data is information that has been gathered in a less structured
way. It neither is representative nor completely objective. In
difference to hard data however, it allows covering a much wider
field and, in dialogue, gather a more complete set of information
that is embedded in the context it has been communicated.
Typically soft data is gathered through interviews with a number
of prepared questions. The choice of people questioned has
a big impact on the answers one gets and a balanced and
therefore tangible overall result only emerges through a series
of interviews of individuals that understand the subject but come
from different backgrounds. For the purpose of this market
research we have chosen to focus on professionals that are
involved in urban development in the widest sense. Ranging
from the traditional urban planner across community activators
to politically engaged persons have been interrogated. The
interviews presented in this document show a representative
selection of answers and comments the team has received in
more than a dozen interviews conducted (both for the raiting – with
russian urban experts and for cities profiles – with city experts).
We were interested to understand which cities have the

biggest potential for actively developing in the future, but
also which cities are already today capable of formulating
their demand, have started that discussion.
Mapping opportunities
– places, where big events are happening
– special zones (touristic, economic etc.)
– places with big governmental investment programs
– places with big planning activity
– places with high intellectual capacity
Mapping special conditions

– places with special climate conditions
– historical places
Mapping activity
– places with high density of urban\cultural events
– places, mentioned by experts as “active“
Photo from interview with Eduard Kubensky –

«Tatlin» magazine editor-in-chief.
Yekaterinburg, 2015
52 M2RU 53
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INTERVIEW EXTRACTS
CITIES MENTIONED WITH
Sochi, Tomsk, Irkutsk, Vladivostok,
Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Kazan, Ufa,
+
ANTON FINOGENOV
Krasnodar
«Urbanica», Director
St.Petersburg
Omsk, Surgut, Khanty-Mansiysk, Tyumen,
Khabarovsk
-
1. Which of the Russian cities is currently taking 2. Which forums\events related to urban develop- Yekaterinburg. But all these events are mostly about in- happen on this subject. Maybe they’ll try to think about
the lead in formulating urban agenda (apart from ment that happened around Russia were memora- novation development. They pay attention to the urban the question in the logic of urban planning & strategy,
Moscow and St.Petersburg)? ble? environment as it is one of the key factors to keep inno- and not only of utilitarian economic efficiency.
This is a hard question if we speak exactly about ur- If talking about any event, Vladivostok with the APEC vators within our country. 4. Which cities are working towards formulating
ban agenda …. It’s one thing to attempt urban projects SUMMIT 2012, Kazan with The Universiade 2013 and It is worth noting, especially in the last three years, that their urban development policy? Working on stra-
implementation, and the other thing is a real startup of Yekaterinburg with SCO SUMMIT 2009 Made them- the topic is now drawing much more attention, but this is tegic plans?
a systematic action program. There was an example of selves visible. not to say that some radically new activities appeared. Our strategic plan is the reincarnation of an active pro-
Perm, but the trend is downward, as I understand… But the most serious level it still Moscow UrbanForum. cess of strategic planning documents preparation in the
On the subject of urban planning the events have a local
There are urban centre s and regions that pay attention character. There was an interesting urban development Yes, there is a good level of international experts, may- mid-2000s...Perm attempt for masterplan was really
to urban planning. Among them Moscow and St.Peters- project implemented in Irkutsk, named “130 QUARTER”, ors of large cities and Moscow government were dense- something new, and it’s still something new.
burg are the most obvious, as the problem of agglomer- but it is rather an event in the new for Russian mar- ly involved… but the format is still for showing off...There
ation is especially acute there. ket sphere of peripheral cities development. As about was also a FarEast Forum held for several years. I do not see any new
urban planning…the space is a vacuum. All the events
If we talk about Russian cities, organized are quite local in my opinion.
3. What kind of projects cities are looking into now? in all these strategic plans,
What is hot on the drawing boards?
some processes of urban I participated in winter school organized by the National even with any kind of spatial
Evidently there will be some actions in the cities of
transformation begin in cities of
Guild of Urban Planners, it was something like a series
World Cup - 2018. There is some activity now in Irkutsk, reference.
of conferences. Usually they were held in Omsk, as I
Tomsk and Vladivostok (associated with the extension
FIFA World Cup. understand it, this year the school will be in Yekaterin-
of the embankment line). The topic is usually emerges The first strategic plan in our country was made in St.
burg. Anyway it’s a sort of “local hobnob”. There is also
.. because they already have some tasks for sites con- in the regions where the new governor is appointed. Petersburg with the participation of the Leontiev Centre
a “Baikal University” in Irkutsk, but it is also a local event.
struction (not only of a sport infrastructure, but also for way back in 1996. There is nothing fundamentally new
transport infrastructure). These are 8 cities - ... but I
From global - I was at the Sochi Economic Forum, which Perhaps an urgent topic added in the last 18 years.
was held in September, 2013. But, there’s was just one
can’t emphasize any of them yet as long as the process
section curated by Minregion and somehow linked to the would be a question how to deal 5. Which cities envisage big planning & architec-
is in the initial stage. tural projects in the nearest future? Hold competi-
urban development. There are some events all over the with Sochi Olympic legacy. tions?
Some processes were in Tomsk, led by Kazmin and country curated by Minregion, but the most regular ones
Gradirovsky, including Tomsk agglomeration and urban are held in Moscow.There are some exhibitions on ur- Most likely it will end by a number of facilities transported The largest development project in Tatarstan is Kazan
transformation of the city of Tomsk. But it hadn’t materi- ban development themes such as Innoprom, again held in other cities, plus a gambling status zone designation SmartCity, they have really begun to build it! Many pro-
alized into action. in Tomsk, “SmartCiy” in Kazan… there was a forum in for the Olympic Park ... but I hope something positive will jects are being implemented in the Moscow suburbs,
54 M2RU 55
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involving not only housing, but also business property... The potential of Vladivostok can be explained by several 80% of our cities unfortunately give an impression of where some events are regularly occur.
One of the largest development projects in Russia is a reasons. First, it’s a seaside city. And these are seaside replicable standard Soviet Grad. There is something in Moving on, it is clear about Kazan and Ufa - they are
new business area in Grozniy. cities which mostly become the centre s of growth. Sec- Vladivostok, which clearly distinguishes it. the capitals of national republics, so they have the mo-
In all the cities the stadiums are erected near the wa- ond, the city is closer to the capitals of the Asia-Pacific There’s a potential in Irkutsk, firstly because of the Baikal tive. These republics are always payed with attention by
terfronts, so it will inevitably cause some reconstruction region; and finally it’s more southward so the climate in brand. In our country there are 3 or 4 known brands, and the federal centre . At the same time there is a factor
and the creation of new public spaces. But the form and Vladivostok is more interesting, milder than in similar city there are only two territorial ones, generally speaking. of multiculturalism, which creates the right atmosphere.
kind of implementation for that is still an open question. of Khabarovsk. It was now invested with a lot of money, They are Kamchatka and Baikal. Ask a foreigner, where Kazan and Ufa are not “somewhat” Bashkir-Tatar towns,
Perhaps the first city to propel the question to the dis- so that two giant bridges [Golden Bridge and Russian to go except Moscow, St. Petersburg and the Golden but absolutely multicultural cities, notably, they are mul-
cussion level is Kaliningrad. The other cities still haven’t Bridge - MLAb +], a Campus [FarEast Federal University Ring, he would point - Kamchatka, Baikal, maybe Vol- ticultural by centuries. And there’s also a powerful ed-
done this, but it’s a matter of time. Yeah, there can be campus on Russkiy Island - MLAb +], some public spac- ga - that’s all. All the other has a local character. So, ucational sector there, while not only for the titular na-
listed Nizhny Novgorod - the confluence of the Oka and es were constructed. In my opinion we should continue that is the first point. Second, the flow of foreign tourists tion. Actually Kazan is already the capital: there were so
Volga … It may really give an impulse to the creation of to strengthen this point, aim to create a metropolitan city to Irkutsk is consistently high enough (in spite of all the many investments, so many events held including the
new centre s. For instance, in Kaliningrad there was a in the Far East, which would be able somehow to attract infrastructure complexities, a long expensive flights, un- anniversary, Universiade, and now the World Cup, so,
serious discussion about how to create a stadium as an residents of the Far East. Obviously it hardly competes developed hotel infrastructure, etc.). Plus there’s still a in fact it is already the capital city. Ufa as well, but to a
object integrated in the existing housing rather than a with Korean, Japanese, Chinese cities, but the difference not completely killed historical wooden housing in centre lesser extent.
traditional “object in the park”. could be not by 5 times smaller. Vladivostok really has here. Something could be done with this background.
a potential, as it has always been such “trade-and-cre-
What is about Omsk, it has a very little lobbying power;
ative” city. All the industry was rather quickly imploded
There is some potential there. The problem is with the
there is a very weak governor there ... unfortunately, the Novosibirsk - yes, of course. Because in fact it is a cap-
quality of the projects in our country directly depends
there way back in 1990-s.
ital of such a large (in russian scales) by population, but
central Russia, as there are
on it. spatially compact sub-region. Total population of the re- Moscow and St. Petersburg, which
It is clear that there are some relatively wealthy cities gion is 6.7 million people, and Novosibirsk is an obvious are bloating
of Ufa and Kazan. There are some northern cities such capital for it with an education sector, developed sector
as Tyumen, Khanty-Mansiysk, Surgut - there is always of research. The Academic town of Novosibirsk is one of … One can say «bloating» about Krasnodar, but it’s not a
some construction activity there. Something is going to the top three in the country. Yes, I believe in Novosibirsk. very good example as it’s more like a «bloating village»,
happen Krasnoyarsk, because of the next Universiade. If we move further. Omsk not very believable. Tyumen In terms of urban planning Krasnodar is an example how
- is also too artificial... too extreme northern conditions. we shouldn’t do. It grows very.. very rapidly. Probably it
6. Which city do you personally find most interest- is much more a capital of the Southern region (and Cau-
That is, if all the investments, which were made in Sur-
ing as a planner? casus as well) than Rostov-on-Don. There’s something
gut, Khanty-Mansiysk, Tyumen, were concentrated in
I look at this question from the complex positions: firstly one city, it would be possible to build something artificial, going to happen there.
Vladivostok view at the night
certain positions related to strategic spatial expediency. like Dubai. And since the investments and efforts are Now I really believe in Sochi, just because such a vol-
In the past it was very much tied to the military complex, decentralized, they are lacking. As for me, a vivid image ume of investments was put in infrastructure, such a
there was a navy base there with lots of military units. So
Anyway we have to create some they had to rebuild their city, and herewith it was quite
has Khanty-Mansiysk, as a town created from scratch ... great PR scale was done and because it has such a
unique combination of mild climatic condition and moun-
points of growth in sub-regions, rich. It was 2006 when I firstly came to Vladivostok, and In the Urals, and in all this tain cluster. There is a perspective for Sochi to become a
so that we would have neither one, it seemed to me so...dynamic, buy-sell, trade, port, you
vast region I believe most in capital of the South. In the European part of the country
know, even at that times. In my belief this is the base for I can’t even notice anything else.
nor two, but a plenty of capitals. creation a special creativity and “metropolitaness”. Plus, Yekaterinburg.
In this case Vladivostok the relief with its hills is outstanding. Buildings, even
As the capital, they has already begun building a City
those miserable soviet “nine-floors” were built according
looks very promising to the relief, so that it has created… such a San-Fran- with skyscrapers. And besides not because of some pro-
Vladivostok has more potential now even if compared cisco spirit during the night, you know....the lights on the ject, but on the basis of commercial logic. The city hosts
with Khabarovsk, which until Vladivostok investment hills; all that rises to a height of 100 meters - it forms a international events, there is the third largest modern
for APEC Summit 2012 was even more well-designed. special image for the city. I think it’s important, because international airport there. It’s a quite an interesting city,
56 M2RU 57
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INTERVIEW EXTRACTS
Ufa, Voronezh, Samara, Murmansk,
Ulyanovsk, Izhevsk, Yaroslavl, Tomsk,
+
Krasnoyarsk, Omsk, Yekaterinburg, Kazan,
SVYATOSLAV MURUNOV Kaliningrad
Centre of applied urbanistics in MSSES,
Director
Moscow
1. Which of the Russian cities is currently taking 2. Which forums\events related to urban develop- «smart environment», and saw developers, architects, and Izhevsk, there is a current request for education.
the lead in formulating urban agenda (apart from ment that happened around Russia were memora- planners and local lunatics talking about the city, notably They think: “let’s educate, hold forums, festivals and
Moscow and St.Petersburg)? ble? on a qualitative level, without any fights. conferences, arrange projects, let’s try something to do
Ufa and Perm. Despite of a fact that they gave up the something elsewise for the city…” Often they start with
I have visited many activities this year, more than 10 3. What kind of projects cities are looking into now?
idea of Masterplan, there are some groups and subjects public spaces: parks, squares, embankments; there is a
specialized actually: it is clear that from the point of What is hot on the drawing boards?
maturing, who try to restart some local activity. Samara, large request for public art - how to change something
topics raised and the number of invited experts Mos- It’s determined by the audience. We are making the
even after the chief architect, a sensible man, dismissal; quickly in urban environment with the help of artists. De-
cow Urban Forum is beyond competition. There are two research of urban communities across the country, in
Voronezh! velopers now also have a different request. In large cit-
architectural festivals in Voronezh - first, “Zodchestvo every city we are building inventories, add them to the ies developers demand history before the project - func-
Chernozemya” and the second, informal, is “Archidrom”. common map, and conduct a survey. tionality, how should the courtyard look like, what is a
All the processes are now social scenario of a project ... plus a specific request for
boiling in Voronezh! Problem of communities the establishment of community centre s in the existing
is very simple: they don’t know residential complexes.
In Voronezh they also have different entities that act in
parallel (they don’t know each other, but we know all of
how to grow, how to 4. Which cities are working towards formulating
them); Murmansk, Ulyanovsk (there is a vigorous activi- commucate with the authorities, their urban development policy? Working on stra-
tegic plans?
ty now in Ulyanovsk, organized by senior architects, who how to build relationship
say: “there’s nobody here - it’s necessary to cultivate A very illustrative project was in Makhachkala, namely
something - we are losing our young people”); Izhevsk with the business. Kaspiysk - Makhachkala agglomeration. The president
- well, Izhevsk is generally a very correct story, as the wished, found money for the early stages, but then all
association of the city has integrated into the city man- The problem of authorities is the opposite - many au- it failed, because the request was not of a good quality.
agement as a consulting body. This was just the very thorities are afraid to raise bottom-up activities because, Urban planning policies should be based on the specific
«Zodchestvo Chernozemya» Forum in Voronezh, 2015
base for Izhevsk Urban School formation. Yaroslavl, in their opinion, any initiative that comes not from above city subjects, on the clear objectives of these subjects.
Nizhny Novgorod - there were several either urban or only, but from below - it is a very dangerous path.
where the Head of the Department of Architecture is
architectural events there; in NN they have activists,
now ready to withdraw an urban activity on a governor
inner experts, but in Business as well as in the Admin-
For example, there won’t be an UrbanForum in Kazan , In our country there are no fully
level for administrative sources attraction. And there are because the local president administration is sure that
also guys here, who boost a creative cluster Textil [more
istration there is an absolute lack of interested people!
as soon as they start to analyze city problems... a grab fledged cities, because city
There was Izhevsk forum about the city. There is a good
information on http://textil.in/ - MLA+]. Omsk is moving,
association in Yekaterinburg namely a very active devel-
bag of problems would emerge. subjects are absent.
Krasnoyarsk is moving, Tomsk is moving a lot. All Mos- If the administration is adequate, such as in Ulyanovsk
opers community. I was on their local gatherings, called
cow suburbs have been moving now a lot.
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For example, the citizens are absolutely not articulated - there. A city is as interesting as many subjects are de-
and it won’t happen yet as long as we don’t create THE termined there. If there were, for instance, association of
CITY. Until we create urban network models Communi- manufacturers, association of small businesses, some
ty/ Business/ Рower. It is difficult even to talk about ur- urban communities network, communities of city activ-
ban policy. Urban planning policies at this stage can be ists of different ages (to represent different generations),
such tactical ones: to try to detect their subjects through an adequate authorities with different stakeholders (rep-
urban environment changes and some projects in the resentatives of federal, municipal authorities, regional
city. To create a long strategy, all the actors should be authorities), inner community of experts in the city - and
detected. That’s what we are working on. all of them stopped grabbing the biggest piece of the pie,
A qualitative inquiry for urban planning is only in Ufa. but began to negotiate - such a city begins to change im-
here is a source of energy there, as well as in Kazan, mediately. At least it begins changing in terms of internal
which is their national identity. Kazan and Ufa have such communication, the culture of dialogue appeares and
an effect, which is not typical for other Russian cities. the city starts a valid request on education and urban
There is a special national identity, which wants to be environment. This attracts normal experts, and there-
retained and understood. The physical space - city and fore the problems of a city begin to be recognized and
architecture - could be the platform for that. worked on.
7. Which city do you personally find most interest-
ing as a planner?
I like multi-layered cities, where a historical centre sur-
vived somehow. The more such centre s a city has, the
better it is, because one can experience more of dif-
ferent meanings, functions, scenarios. I like cities of a
several stages of industry, preserved (by architecture
and planning) and integrated in an urban fabric; cities
with complex landscapes; finally the cities, which with
all this represent a kind of a one-piece construction: St.
Petersburg, Kaliningrad, Yaroslavl Centre , Arkhangelsk
«Religions Dialogue» Youth Forum in Ufa and historical part of Samara.
5. Which cities envisage big planning & architec-
tural projects in the nearest future? Hold competi-
tions?
Yaroslavl, Murmansk, Ulyanovsk, Voronezh, Izhevsk,
Tomsk, Krasnoyarsk and Kaliningrad under the ques-
tion. In Krasnoyarsk, there is a large book fair planned in
Krasnoyarsk (we enter the cities through such projects).
At this fair the topic of urban communities and urban de-
velopment will be raised.
Art-platform «TEXTIL» in Yaroslavl
6. Which factors can you name that influence the

city development?
Cities shoot ahead, if there is a qualitative dialog starts
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INTERVIEW EXTRACTS
Kazan, Yekaterinburg, Ufa, Voronezh, Tomsk,
Irkutsk, Novosibirsk, Vladivostok, Kaliningrad
+
YANA GOLUBEVA
«MLA+ Saint Petersburg», Director
St.Petersburg
1. Which of the Russian cities is currently taking which was focused on the inner city lakes system. The area and more look on the connected structures. To me the cities which have the biggest problems actual-
the lead in formulating urban agenda (apart from fact that inner city regeneration was put into such focus ly think about establishing some big planning and archi-
Moscow and St.Petersburg)? is exemplary and telling about the city ambition. I believe And what is really hot on the draw- tectural things: to hold some big competitions. From my
Today we see several cities arising in intellectual urban all cities in Russia should look at their inner city opportu-
ing boards right now and every city personal experience and from the people I met in recent
realm, and for me these are Kazan, Yekaterinburg and nities for redevelopment and stop the sprawling process. years I see that Tomsk and Irkutsk will be looking at the
at some point Ufa. I think this is linked to the political
is busy with is public space rede- city centre s, for Kaliningrad and Samara this will also be
leadership, as soon as politicians understand that they velopment. the hot topic. Tomsk is going to look at the embankment
need to promote their city, that they need to fight for their systems. A lot of cities look at the embankment systems,
Many-many projects happened around parks, around for example, Kazan is now working on several river em-
citizens, that they want to have good cities for living, they
squares, around streets, streets become more pedestri- bankments.
start talking about all the urban related issues.
an, cycle networks are being introduced, and I think this
Of course, all the cities are doing projects which are
is a very big niche, so there is a market for that.
2. Which forums\events related to urban develop- linked with the World Cup, and that is Nizhny Novgorod,
ment that happened around Russia were memora- 4. Which cities are working towards formulating Rostov on Don and others. Around those World Cup sta-
ble? Presentation of MLA+ project for Lakes Kaban cometition in Kazan, 2015
their urban development policy? Working on stra- diums big neighborhoods will be developing and I think it
3. What kind of projects cities are looking into now? tegic plans? is quite an ongoing project.
I think it is understood now that we need to discuss ur-
ban issues and each city is doing this differently. The All of the cities are still in a process of questioning what 6. Which city do you personally find most inter-
groups of people were formed that are now becoming Nowadays every architectural and planning activity in needs to be done, they have not decided the direction… esting (as a planner)?
professionals in organizing these events. For example, each city is done according to the usual legislation and Moscow as the strongest intellectual player starts to for- For me the most interesting city is the city I have not
those people who organized Moscow urban forum, now to the usual procedure that was inherited from the Soviet mulate agenda for everybody else, they are busy now been to. In Russian context it is Vladivostok, last years
started spreading their influence on other cities. At the Union. At the same time what is interesting is that people with an experiment of creating new type of residential we were involved in planning issues around Vladivostok
same time the cities themselves organize the forums start understanding that is not enough, that prescribed neighborhoods based on block structure, they are also on several occasions, but until not did not have a chance
because they don`t want to do business as usual but procedures do not deliver the required quality, they don`t trying different street sections, and I think these will set to go there. I see something is happening there, I want
also want to start discussing critical issues. Recently I tackle all the aspects that need to be tackled. the trends for the other cities. Locally Ufa is trying now to go there next. Another city on my plan is Novosibirsk,
have been at such forum in Voronezh, a lot things are The cities started to have the demand for Visions, they hard to establish some specific rules. Interesting thing I am also very curious about this city, how it grew from
happening in Ufa, the forum in Tolyatti is happening reg- want to understand what the cities should be focusing is that each city in Russia can now establish their own three different industrial satellites into one big city that
ularly, new competition is now being prepared in Sama- on, which directions they should be going, at the same planning rules and regulations and they are starting now is a centre of the region with a population of 5 mil-
ra, more and more cities want to look at the development time they start looking at other systems they have in the thinking into that. lion people. And from those I have been to, I think the
process from societal angle: what is public benefit? cities, for example green networks, waterways… so they 5. Which cities envisage big planning & architectur- favorite is Kaliningrad, it has history, interesting traces of
In 2015, Kazan held a very interesting competition, want to get away from the traditional developments per al projects in the nearest future? different historical layers, and at the same time it has the
sea nearby which is a big quality.
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INTERVIEW EXTRACTS
Yekaterinburg, Izhevsk, Voronezh,
Vladivostok
+
ILYA ZALIVUKHIN
«Yauzaproject», Director
Moscow
Perm
-
1. Which of the Russian cities is currently taking not opt for the construction of square meters; we opt for gion cities I do not see being done elsewhere, because In general, the older and the worst condition the city is –
the lead in formulating urban agenda (apart from the creation of cities». This ring around Moscow has this stage of work does not exist in the official planning the more interesting it is for transformation.
Moscow and St.Petersburg)? potential to become vital alternative to the Moscow city documentation.
Only those, where I appear :) We all know the story of itself and I am personally working on it right now, being 4. Which cities are working towards formulating
the Perm ... no one speaks about it anymore... This is part of multiple coordination bodies. We are trying to cre- their urban development policy? Working on stra-
very characteristic, because silence - it is also a sign of ate a structure in which the normal specialists could find tegic plans?
paying attention to the thing. their place.
None. I do not know such cities.
Masterplan was too imposed from the top, it had no in- 2. Which forums\events related to urban develop- I believe that the authorities do not have such task. They
ternal roots, was too perfect. ment that happened around Russia were memora- completely not understand the value of complex urban
Now the activity is visible in Yekaterinburg. It feels ble? projects.
like a different world there – beyond the Urals. With The authorities should understand that if they want to do
I remember Izhevsk. Everyone went there. I was not
Akademichesky Project they tried by all means, but it anything with the city, even shrink it, they should have
there, so I do not know the results.
did not work out. Here we see how by landing on our the coherent plan.
soil the perfect costume cracked. Following this project, When I come to a place, I try to come up with a draft
At the Ministry of Regional Development we call those
I realized that urban planning is not the images and the strategy for the city.
perspective projects Spatial strategies.
design, but it’s a system of rules, guidelines that should
meet economy and include implementation procedures. Today we as the company are working on the creating
Recently in Yekaterinburg, I had to talk for 3 hours to All the cities that we have of the future work; we are opening up the new market.
Which does not exist yet.
explain simple rules of the compact city. Everywhere it’s need a serious study, All are tired of building square meters, but no one knows
a proved phenomenon, but in Russia you still need to
prove the obvious. to establish a system, a how to go to the next level. And the next level is the
I hope Yekaterinburg will focus on developing its city framework for further work. development of an integrated project. And if that works
out – then every city requires so much work!
centre. Here the municipality should act as developer
and take the city as the project.
Outside of Yekaterinburg I have not seen much, but it is 5. Which cities envisage big planning & architectur-
3. What kind of projects cities are looking into now?
worth mentioning the Moscow region. al projects in the nearest future?
The region is now being promoted as the place for living, From professional perspective, I very much like Yekater-
Spatial strategies that we do for some of the Moscow re-
the governor Vorobyev emphasises it by saying: «we do inburg and Vladivostok.
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INTERVIEW EXTRACTS
Belgorod, Perm, Voronezh, Irkutsk, Kazan,
Krasnodar
+
ELENA BATUNOVA
«South Urban Centre», Urban planner
Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy
-
1. Which of the Russian cities is currently taking south, organized by the Southern Russian architectural For example Novoshahtinsk. The city was in a very de- grams related to any of the events, like the World Cup
the lead in formulating urban agenda (apart from society - these events play an important role in our pro- pressed state, but they were able to use all possible or with some infrastructure projects. For example, many
Moscow and St.Petersburg)? fessional association. resources and city is actively reviving. They have very cities are now developing in relation to infrastructure pro-
Perm in the professional field is leading and has a great interesting urban policies, for example, an interactive jects in the field of maritime transport, railway transport,
3. What kind of projects cities are looking into now? master plan for the city. City Nevinnomysk in the Stav- as well as economic projects related to the development
impact on all. However, judging by the results - Belgorod,
What is hot on the drawing boards? ropol region also has its own active approach towards of new industries.
because here the population is growing and residents
state that it is a comfortable city. Voronezh and Irkutsk. the formation of the urban fabric. Such positive devel-
Kazan - a very ambitious city with a lot of projects.
The biggest demand is still opments are taking place more often, which makes me 6. Which city do you personally find most interest-
for mass housing projects. feel positive. ing (as a planner)?
I like many cities, but my favourite is Nizhny Novgorod, i
2. Which forums\events related to urban develop- This is very sad, because most of these projects in dif- If you compare Rostov-on- love it for the “Russian” beauty. I love Elista, because it
ment that happened around Russia were memora- ferent cities do not differ from each other, they are dic-
ble? tated purely by developers’ interests - but they make
Don and Krasnodar, of course, is very distinctive Buddhist city, the most western Bud-
dhist city. I love my city - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, al-
For me, the most interesting event is the Winter Irkutsk up the bulk of all design market. Another hot topic is Krasnodar has more potential. though it is in a very sad state, but it has great structure.
University, because it is a platform, where it was pos- social facilities. These are the two main directions.The
What is happening in Rostov on Don, I would call
sible to unite all the structures - the city authorities, re- remaining objects are related to the ambitions of the cit-
great stagnation, because the city has no clear policy
gional authorities, international experts, business and ies and government programs.
- everything that is happening is associated with some
others. This event was now held for the 16th time, if I
4. Which cities are working towards formulating events. Now we are preparing for the World Cup: we
am not mistaken - this is a very long period of time, so
their urban development policy? Working on stra- frantically build some infrastructure facilities, at the
we can see the implemented results. Solutions, which
tegic plans? same time there is no coherent view on city develop-
they found in the course of this action, they are trying to
ment from the administration. Even superficially, if you
include in urban policy. This is a very positive example In addition to the major cities - Belgorod, Voronezh, Ka-
visit the Krasnodar and Rostov you can see a notice-
of long-term fruitful cooperation, which was organized by zan, there are many cities that are not visible.
able difference, it is about the improvement of the city,
the Union of Architects.
its appearance and residents being satisfied with their
In many other cities, workshops and multiple urban Smaller cities with population government.
movements started to happen more and more often - it of about 100 000 people are
is very interesting, for example in Rostov we have Ur- 5. Which cities envisage big planning & architectur-
Chess square in Elista
banFest. becoming active and sometimes al projects in the nearest future?

I would also like to note the events that take place in the realize interesting projects If we talk about Russia, it is, first of all government pro-
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INTERVIEW EXTRACTS
Perm, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk,
Yekaterinburg, Ufa
+
ALEXANDER LOZHKIN
Professor of architecture, Mayor Council
Novosibirsk
Nizhniy Novgorod, Tomsk
-
1. Which of the Russian cities is currently taking As the experience of Novosibirsk shows - a candidate The uniqueness of Tomsk lies in the fact that it is a huge
the lead in formulating urban agenda (apart from program for pre-election period. The same theme is in wooden city, which had to be saved as phenomenon.
Moscow and St.Petersburg)? demand in Perm for the city manager program. What they do now, they have defined several zones that
Still, Perm - because it is the only city in Russia which This is corresponding to formulating the key goals and are to be preserved, but the phenomenon of the wooden
formulated the urban planning policy and, in spite of all directions of city development. town - quickly disappears.
the problems we see that the struggle of ideologies in Prospects for the city are rather vague, but the city has
the field of urban policy is happening there. In other Rus- 4. Which cities are working towards formulating very powerful educational cluster, which could contribute
sian cities, urban policy de jure does not exist, and de their urban development policy? Working on stra- to its development.
facto, it is carried out in the interests of the construction tegic plans?
industry. This question very much lies in the field of politics. There-
I did not see anywhere anything even slightly near the fore, it is a question of the authorities’ competence. The
strategy that would not be the fictitiously-demonstrative question whether the authorities are interested in the
product. real development of the city.
Novosibirsk, in this case is an example of a «liberal»
policy. There is a good purpose - to attract investment 5. Which cities envisage big planning & architectur-
to the city, attracting investment by providing maximum al projects in the nearest future?
freedom for developers. All the existing town planning Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk
documents are aimed at the realization of this interest. Nizhny Novgorod is quite problematic at the moment -
Wooden architecture in Tomsk
too close to Moscow
2. Which forums\events related to urban develop-
Something’s going on in Ufa.
ment that happened around Russia were memora-
ble? In the Siberian context, one can note important cities
Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk. Irkutsk leaves a positive im-
In my opinion, the most interesting debate in urban plan-
pression, though, as it seemed to me, whole urban en-
ning is happening in Perm, because level of competence
vironment is fully formed only along one street – Karl
of opponents there is rather high.
Marx.
3. What kind of projects cities are looking into now? Tomsk is not doing well. Although it is very unique city,
What is hot on the drawing boards? but its loosing this uniqueness very fast.
Decaying wooden architecture in Tomsk
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To collect a common citizen & experts opinion as well

ONLINE QUESTIONARIE EXTRACTS as to find out some special information about cities’ life
we arrange an online questionnarie.
Link: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1gPqptiugAPx9d824TGUesu6Gf9mEQlcDdUiLBGLtRpo/viewform
Questions for the form Extracts from form answers
1. What makes the « Obviously, it is mentality. The

city is like a merchant house after
« Dirty streets and abscenece of
roads. Memorable war heroics. »
city different from other a visit of Bolsheviks. » Volgograd
large cities in Russia? Rostov-on-Don
2. What are the current « There are no plots of new

development now, city and region
« None. City is in stagnation »
“hot topics” in the city? administratin do not work with Volgograd

developers...City centre is full with
shabby architectural monuments,
but where are the money to restore
it? They could burn as quick as a
match...» Irkutsk
3. Which problems « There’s no vector for future city

development »
«...After 10 pm the citylife is frozen
everywhere exept night clubs and
does the city have? Vladovostok dive bars »
Nizhniy Novgorod
4. Which projects « City is preparing for Universiade

2019 (new sport complexes are
« Nothing inspiring. Roads, a
couple of crossroads and the
are on the horizon? being built; the work of public aquapark. »
transport is being improved etc » Novosibirsk
Kazan
5. Which activities/ « Festival «o’Gorod»; festival

«Ancient Gorkiy» by Artyom
« Should I mention all or just useful
ones? :) »
events related to urban Filatov; events in Arsenal space; Krasnoyarsk
topic can you name? exibitions in Tolk space; workshops

in «Masterskaya» space »
Nizhniy Novgorod
6. Which people would «Alexandr Lozhkin (how without him!:) «Yana Golubeva :) »
Voronezh
Yulia Prokopova (cycling)
you recommend as Mikhail Nikulin (trams)
local urban experts? Oleg Alaev (landscaping, benches)» «Myself »
Novosibirsk Irkutsk
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2C. IDENTIFYING
THE CITIES
EVALUATION
M2R
identifying cities EVALUATION
RATING DATA
Rank in population
Rank in best city for living rating
Rank in most attractive city rating

ECONOMIC Rostov-on-Don
Nizhny Novgorod
Kazan
Rank in most developed city POTENTIAL Samara

Ufa
Yekaterinburg
Chelyabinsk
Ratings
Krasnoyarsk
Omsk Khabarovsk
Rank in best city for doing business Novosibirsk
Rank according to citizens perception
Top visited cities, foreign tourism
Top visited cities, internal tourism

Kaliningrad
Top Universities
Yaroslavl
DESIRE FOR Rostov-on-Don Kazan

Izhevsk
Krasnodar Samara
City Population CHANGE Sochi Ufa

Yekaterinburg
Chelyabinsk
Omsk
Tomsk
Krasnoyarsk
Agglomeration population Novosibirsk
GDP per capita in rub Vladivostok

Statistics
Prices for real estate, t.rub\sq.m
Rank of airport(s) by passenger traffic

Kaliningrad
Density of city communities
Average size of city communities

Nizhny Novgorod
Voronezh
ACCESSIBILITY
Rostov-on-Don Kazan
Krasnodar
Yekaterinburg
Sochi
Novosibirsk Irkutsk
Role as a centre Vladivostok
Major events on the horizon
Places with high density of

Additional facts
urban\cultural events
Historical cities Yaroslavl
Active places by Anton Finogenov URBAN Krasnodar

Nizhny Novgorod
Kazan
Yekaterinburg
Active places by Svyatoslav Murunov
QUALITY
Sochi
Higher architectural education institutions

Novosibirsk Irkutsk
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identifying cities EVALUATION
We analysed which cities occur in most of the ratings

OVERALL RATING and then select TOP-12. In case of dispute the priority
was given to the cities recommended by experts.
Economic Desire for change Accessibility Urban Experts

potential & activity quality recommendations
Yekaterinburg
Novosibirsk
Kaliningrad Kazan
Sochi
Krasnodar
Rostov-on-Don
Nizhny Novgorod
Kaliningrad
Yaroslavl Vladivostok
Irkutsk
Ufa
Voronezh Nizhny Novgorod Samara
Krasnoyarsk
Rostov-on-Don Kazan
Omsk
Krasnodar Yaroslavl
Ufa Yekaterinburg Chelyabinsk
Voronezh
Samara
Sochi Khabarovsk
Chelyabinsk
Krasnoyarsk
Omsk Khabarovsk
Irkutsk
Novosibirsk
Vladivostok
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3. CITY PROFILES
M2R
CITY PROFILE PROFILES CONTENTS
COLLECTED INFORMATION The information about the 12 cities presented

in following profiles was collected from
different resources to сonsider either facts
& statistics or perception & opinions.
INTERVIEWS ONLINE INTERVIEWS PROFESSIONAL NEWS & CITY VISITING &

WITH EXPERTS QUESTIONNAIRE WITH CITIZENS DOCUMENTATION INFOPORTALS STUDY IMPRESSION
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CITY PROFILE PROFILES CONTENTS
GENERATED INFORMATION Each of 12 profiles encloses the following set

of information (11 pages), giving the fullest
overview of a particular citylife and planning
context.
COVER GENERAL CURRENT HOT CITY

INFORMATION RESUME INFORMATION PROJECTS TOPICS INITIATIVES
As Russia is a strongly centric country, DNA page describes the overall situation of This page provides basic and statistic On this page, the most noticeable The most debated and challenging Here one can find some hot urban initiatives
here we indicate the distance to Moscow a city and the information worth mention. information about each city (population, developing projects are mapped on cities problems in a particular city. Each topic is (state, commercial, non-commercial) which
and Saint Petersburg, as well as city The DNA image was selected carefully to transport means, status, age, etc.) as well maps.This page provides context of linked to a suitable Dutch competence by are underway. These initiatives could
unofficial names, which characterize it as illustrate the realistic and highly distinctive as about their agglomeration situation for current city developers market & gives the corresponding pictogram. become the entrance doors to particular
a «capital of something». urban panorama of a city. quick understanding of the context. character of typical and unique projects. city planning market.
CITY CITY CITY USEFUL DUTCH KEY PEOPLE GENIUS

STRUCTURE STRUCTURE TRAITS COMPETENCES WHO DO CARE LOCI
Structure of a city defines most of its Structure of a city often defines most of its Each real city produces some social and This page observes vacant urban planning On this page, one can find contacts of active «Genius loci» could be defined as a specific
specific characteristics and helps to problems. According to the scheme on p. culture capital, so that we can define its & design niches in a particular city people interested in city development as spirit of a particular place. This information
understand the context for all the following 14-15, we explain the character of different special traits. We define six famous traits according to the skills Dutch can offer (see well as some useful links to actual news notifies individual city character to place
information. structural parts of each city. for each city, which helps to understand its p. 24-25) & events portals and noticeable city reader in cultural, historical and emotional
potentials and specialization. developers. city context and inspire for diverse ideas.
82 M2RU 83
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CITY PROFILE
rg
bu
ers
Pet
t
in
Sa
to
km
9 63
o w
o sc
M
to
km
12
84 KALININGRAD
WEST CITY
KONIGSBERG
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CITY PROFILE KALININGRAD
RESUME
Kaliningrad, also known as Königsberg, is the capital
of the Russian exclave on the Baltic Sea.
Historically the place developed as part of the former East Prussia.

After 1945 it was taken over by USSR. The city was largely
destroyed during World War II. The city centre was almost entirely
lost, thus leaving mental and physical hole in the urban heart.
The city was rebuilt mostly in 1970s, when the culture

of high modernism was at its rise. The new city fabric
does not follow the initial urban pattern, the logic of large
scale mikrorayons that were constructed did not fit into
the prewar block city. The city feels empty, torn apart,
unstructured with objects floating in the greenery.
The major issue is how to deal with urban fabric repairs, how
to connect the old mental image and the existing reality, how to
fix the city. At the same time the city has an interesting culture,
uniting people from all over USSR under the new identity,
inhabiting European culture and reinterpreting it for themselves.
The city today is about sea and sea tourism - a
Window to Europe for Russian tourists.
It is about Prussian history and new Russian history - an odd

mixture of the two manifested in space.And it is about the
greenery, lots of green networks connecting the city are being
enjoyed by the citizens and are perceived as a true valued quality.
Kaliningrad panorama on Cathedral and

Soviet housing.
Image source: http://www.skyscrapers.com
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GENERAL INFO
STATUS AGGLOMERATION
Administrative 690 000 people
centre
The agglomeration of Kaliningrad is a non-million one. There are 5
SIZE functional zones that could be distinguished in the agglomeration:
225 km2 transport & industrial, coastal resort zone, coastal defense-
industrial sector, frontier to Poland and agricultural territories.
POPULATION
453 461 RYBACHIY
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT
PRIMORYE PIONERSKIY
Khrabrovo ZELENOGRADSK
Airport
YANTARNIY KHRABROVO
Kaliningrad Severny SVETLOGORSK
Kaliningrad Yuzhniy
GURYEVSK
SVETLYI
Sea commercial port
Sea fishing port BALTYISK
PRIBREZHNOE
CLIMATE
Temperate
LADUSHKIN
18o C
BAGRATIONOVSK
-2o C
MAMONOVO
FOUNDED IN
1255
Industrial zone Coastal resorts RYBACHIY Coastal defense-industrial
Resort town zones
Fishing BALTIYSK
SVETLYI PRIMORYE, SVETLOGORSK,
West seaport of Russia
Metal structures, petrochemicals ZELENOGRADSK
city boundary of 1815 YANTARNIY ZATO DONSKOYE
PRIBREZHNOE YANTARNIY Resort town Main base of Russian Navy
Ceramic brick Resort town
city boundary of 1940 Amber factory Aviation
Sea port
GURYEVSK Russian president Frontier trade zone
city boundary of 2015 Building materials
summer residence
Agriproducts processing
LADUSHKIN, MAMONOVO,
BAGRATIONOVSK
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CITY STRUCTURE
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CITY STRUCTURE « From the point of urban structure Kaliningrad

is a flip-flopper. The central core is rebuilded
HISTORICAL PART with soviet architecture, while the surrounding
Central core was fully destroyed by English residential areas saved its original german
carpet bombing during the WW II. Thats
why after passing into possession of style. »
USSR it was reconstructed with the soviet
architecture
Darya, cultural and urban studies specialist
INDUSTRIAL BELT
The main industrial zones are concentrated

around the city seaport and an adjoining
railway station «Kaliningrad yuzhniy».
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
Surrounding the central core residential

areas are a low-rising social housing
constructed by Germans in the end of XIX
and the beginning of XX centuries.
**
WATERFRONT
The access to the sea is blocked by seaport

zone, so the waterfront is concentrated
along the River Pregel and Verkhiy and
Nizhniy Lakes.
* SPECIAL CITES
Kant Island Peter the Great Embankment
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CITY TRAITS « The very Western city of our vast country! It

has german roots. One can quickly feel the
existence of european style here »
Anonymus respondent
PRUSSIAN IMMANUEL KANT KONINGSBERG HOUSE OF SEA PORT, SEAMEN & AMBER
ARCHITECTURE HOME FOOD SOVIETS ARMY FAME
Inspite of the fact the city was destroyed Immanuel Kant, that could be recognized Konigsberg was famous by its traditional Unfinished building of House of Soviets During the Soviet period Kaliningrad was The city is famous for its amber production
by English carpet bombing, there are many as a philosopher of Russian Empire sweet recipe for «Konigsberg Marzipans» stands in the heart of the city on the place most associated with the new for USSR (from the Konigsberg times). There is
objects of gothic red-brick architecture (Prussian kingdom was a part of the and meat dish recipe for «Konigsberg of the former City castle. It has become Baltic fleet. Foreign goods, port and also the Amber Museum in the city.
representing the period of Konigsberg. Empire), lived and work in Konigsberg. Klopses». either local symbol or local pain for citizens seamen became new symbols of the city. http://www.ambermuseum.ru/en/
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CURRENT PROJECTS
UNIQUE
1 World Cup-2018 The program of preparation to WORLD
CUP-2018: creation of a big (220 ha)
preparation program
ambitious and out-of-scale recreational
zone for mega event in the centre of the
Architecture: Jean Michel Wilmotte city with a football stadium as a main core.
Project/ realisation: 2006/ 2018
https://gov39.ru/maypr/chm2018.php
After mayor of Kaliningrad request there

UNIQUE
2 Parkoviy stream
regeneration was established a competition for the
Parkoviy stream improvement. The winner
project is going to be realized. There is
Architecture: T.M. a growing interest for the central part of
Project/ realisation: 2015/- the city improvement in Kaliningrad, yet
http://archi.ru/projects/russia/9098
initiatives are still dotty.
UNIQUE
3 Historical centre The first attempt of Kaliningrad
administration to raise the question of
of Kaliningrad
development concept complex city-centre redevelopment. There
was an international competition held by
Architecture: Studio 44 «Heart of the city» (see p.101), the winner
Project/ realisation: 2014/- - Studio 44, Saint Petersburg.
http://studio44.ru/rus_ver/proekty/projects/
project61/
Low-rise residential complex in sub-urban

TYPICAL
4 Residential complex
area of Kaliningrad. The positive trend - it is
«New Golubevo»
a low-rise human-scale affordable housing,
the negative one - is city sprawl as a result
Developer: Baralt M of such a tendency.
Project/ Realisation: 2013/2016
голубево.рф
UNIQUE
5 Car cluster Auto production is developing successfully
now in Kaliningrad. Project consider the
«Avtotor»
construction of a new satellite-city for over
50 000 inhabitants on the plot of 1,000
Developer: Autotor Holding ha. The city will be an auto cluster with
Project/ Realisation: 2013/ 2018/ ... all necessary living infrastructure (mono-
http://cluster.avtotor.ru/
city?).
TYPICAL
6 Residential complex Typical new economy-class apartments in
the centre of Kaliningrad.
«VolksGarden»
Developer: SU Zapadnye Regioni 5km

Project/ Realisation: 2013/ 2017
http://vgard.ru/
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HOT TOPICS
« The Kaliningrad region What to do with
the House of Soviets?
What is the
city identity today?
is a complete enclave...
The House was built on the place of former Konigsberg All the traits of the city are the symbols of its past.
specific location and history Fortress as the symbol of New Soviet Government Kaliningrad hasn’t generated a new image and brand,
in the city. It was planned to transfer all the public connected with its present or future. Indefined direction
(the territory was annexed authorities structures in the House, but they all denied for development slows an update of uban environment
on that suggestion. Yet-to-be-completed house had and activity.
by the Soviet Union after never been used.
World War II) bring a

decisive influence to bear
the development of modern
Kaliningrad. »
Sergey
designer, citizen of Kaliningrad
What is the
Intricate Disappearing old architectural image A messy
Urban Structure urban structures of Kaliningrad? look
Although central core was restored with the soviet wide The architectural appearance of Kaliningrad had The reason of Kaliningrad chaotic urban facade is
The areas adjacent to the city centre have an interesting
prospects & buildings, its chaotic character remained. changed radically with the change of City Power. Thats much due to unruly system of external advertising
radial urban structure with green squares of different
Intricacy of the urban structure together with a great why the styles struggle and rebuild each other instead and entrances groups of the small businesses.
configuration on the streets intersections. But there are
amount of dead-end streets caused large transport of complementation and enrichment. This leads to Advertisments have no common system and
no contemporary projects, supporting and developing
problems. eclectics and aggressive attempts to restore history. disharmonize and often destroy the architectural
this idea. Moreover the existing structures are losing
appearence of the city.
their initial look.
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HOT TOPICS CITY INITIATIVES

Urban environment Urban « We’ve chosen a parallel
of poor quality enclaves
development of Kaliningrad
All the respondents of the research identified a lack of
comfortable infrastructure and maintennance namely
The specific «detached» location of Kaliningrad makes
it totally blocked: from Russia by international borders as an international expo-
playgrounds, swimming places, places for leisure
activities as well as pedestrian & velo- infrastructure.
& from Poland and Lithuania by Russian borders. This
caused transport connection problems with «the other
centre , communication
The are many unused spaces with a potential for activity
development (f.e Kant Island)
Russia». On the other hand any political relationship
changes always influence the city development.
platform, transport hub
and industrial centre .
On the one hand we will
support exibition, touristic
and cultural infrastructure.
On the other - we give the
priority to hi-tech and eco
productions. »
Alexander Yaroshuk
Major of Kaliningrad
Poorly developed Unknown fate of the Urban planning project New Socio-economic Strategy
urban culture «i-city» «Heart of the City» until 2035
There is no native population living on the territory of There is a project for innovative technopark «I-city» The non-profit Urban Planning Bureau “Heart of The project was adopted in 2013. The main directions
Kaliningrad for more than 5 generations.That causes arrangement near Kaliningrad in the village of the City” was founded by the Kaliningrad Region of the strategy are: stimulation of agglomeration
a problem for intensive development of strong city Ushakovo. By the plans of the Government the Government on 24 April 2013 to implement a long-term connections (transport reconstruction, seaport
communities, who care about the city. People mentally technopark would include all the necessary project of the regeneration of the historic centre. The activation, coast resorts etc.), economic projects
do not feel this place (as well as Konigsberg heritage) innovative, residential and social infrastructure aim of the organization is to summarize all the project attraction, urban environment reconstruction,
as their native one. for living whithin. Due to economical and political ideas (through a number of international competitions), redevelopment of abandoned land, mixed land-use. A
problems of the country the project has been to raise the discussion and finally generate decisions. special point is the redevelopment of the waterfront of
stagnated for already 2 years. http://www.tuwangste.ru/en/ the city (water sports, transport, leisure...).
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USEFUL DUTCH COMPETENCES
STRATEGIC RESIDENTIAL COMPLEX COMPLEX

PLANNING DESIGN DEVELOPMENT (RE) DEVELOPMENT
— There are some steps forward for a

full-fledged masterplan development
— Most of the housing in the city is an
average class. There is a lack of
— Development of satellite cities within
Kaliningrad agglomeration
— Redevelopment of the House of the
Soviets
represented by the project «Heart of diversity of typologies. In addition there
the City». is a good urban structure set by the — Development of production clusters — Reconstruction of the Prussian
At the same time the lack of a complex german 1900-s social housing which and other economy reviving architecture
strategy is one of the main problems should be continued) complexes. According to the city’s
strategy in privilege are:
—
which cause the most others
Necessary problems to be solved: Housing in the agglomeration of - logistics complexes
- Related to enclave situation of the city Kalinigrad (on the coast as well) - expo-centres
- Lack of the city image - industrial complexes
SUSTAINABLE PROJECT WATERFRONT INNER

URBAN MOBILITY MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT CITY
— Creation of the unique transport

system/policy (in case of intricate
— Intensification of the activity & events
on the existing public spaces
— Creation of an absent seafront — Participation in the competitions of
bureau «Heart of the City»
urban structure in the centre)
— — Regeneration of city water ponds in the — Creation of an architectural image for
— Arrangement of bicycle infrastructure
Arrangement of programs for cultural
exchange, assimilation of urban culture centre the city centre
—
traditions and citizen identity
— Urban grid optimization
Transport connection within the
agglomeration/ sea resorts — Revival of the «I-city» technopark
— External advertising policy
— Optimisation of the transport
— Salvation of the enclave position
connection with Russia (through international cooperation and — Preservation and development of the
historically formed cultural levels of the
other)
city.
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KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

CITY HALL ABOUT the CITY
Official city hall web-site
http://www.klgd.ru/
Main news portal

http://kgd.ru/
Local community fund «KALININGRAD»

http://www.fond-kaliningrad.ru/about/
VLADIMIR VYACHESLAV ALEXANDER
KUZIN GHENNEE YARASHUK
the Head of Economical development The chief architect The head of city district
department of «City of Kaliningrad» of Kaliningrad «City of Kaliningrad»
administration
CITIZENS MAIN DEVELOPERS

Construction company «Baltiya»
http://www.baltia39.com/
Construction company «BARALT»

http://www.kaliningrad-land.ru/
Construction company «STROIRESOURCE39»

DMITRIY KRISTINA DASHA http://www.sr39.ru/about/
SELIN BURNASHOVA KARAMELCHENKOVA
coordinator of creative space curator of portal «V gorode Kanta» the activist of cycling
and art-platform «Vorota» about the city cultural activities movement «Critical Mass»
http://artvorota.ru/ http://art.gorodkanta.ru/ https://vk.com/crit_mass
PROFESSIONAL COMMUNITY INTERNATIONAL EVENTS
Open international architectural competition

«POST-CASTLE» (as a part of the «Heart of the city»)
http://tuwangste.ru/en/contests/contest_2/announcement
FIFA-2018 WORLD CUP

http://kgd2018.ru/en/
KHRISTOPHOR ALEXANDER MAXIM

MUKOLYANZ POPADIN MIKHAILOV
The chief architect of Director of Competence Building Centre

studio «Grad-So», tutor of Design non-commercial Director
Chair in MGUTU University, urban planning bureau Curator at KrausLab (Informal
architectural expert reporter «Heart of the City» educational programmes)
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GENIUS LOCI
Imagine, your young and active soul has been placed in an ancient
body? Seems esoterical?
That’s what happened with former Konigsberg-curent Kaliningrad

after the WW II, when the city was taken over by USSR. All the
native population was evacuated, and the city was settled by the
soviet young and dynamic «workers and farmers». Despite it is
an intelligent, beautiful, well-organized, cultural city, which varied
in a good sense from the other ones in the country, its’ locals are
feeling nostalgia for both abscent youth and going back past. So
on the one hand the population is rushing to stay on the wave of
fashion, parties and modernity, on the other hand – it seeks for
its roots, feeling a noble rank and rich cultural background. The
analogue for such a feeling could be a child from a Royal Family.
Kaliningrad is seeking for its identity, being torn between modernity

and absololute mimicry of a history, which looks like an old woman
wearing r&b clothes.
And may be the latter could be an inspiration for discovering an

identity. But if an old woman with rich cultural background wants to
stay modern, maybe she could look like Carmen dell’Oferice rather
than Baddie Winkle?
Baddie Winkle as a symbol of Kaliningrad character

Image source: https://www.instagram.com/p/wCv7OcrFWU/?taken-by=
baddiewinkle
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CITY PROFILE
20
54
km
to
Sa
in
tP
13
et
42
er
km
sb
ur
to
KRASNODAR
M
os
co
w
THE CAPITAL OF CUBAN CASSACKS

THE SOUTH CAPITAL
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CITY PROFILE KRASNODAR
RESUME
Krasnodar is situated on the River Kuban, approximately 80 km
(50 miles) north-east of the Black Sea, on the periphery of the
Caucasus. It was founded as Yekaterinodar (meant «Catherine’s
Gift», recognizing Empress Catherine the Great’s grant of land to
the Black Sea Cossacks) in 1794 to protect Southern borders of
Russia. After the Russian Revolution of 1917 the city received it’s
current name Krasnodar, which means «Beautiful Gift».
There are over 140 nationalities living here together peacefully.
Over 85% of the population are Russians, there are also:
Armenians, Georgians, Ukrainians, Greeks, Tatars, and other
peoples from the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Eastern Europe.
Today Krasnodar is dynamic economic centre of Southern
Russia; it stands permanently at TOP-5 in most Russian ranks
of best cities for doing business (Forbes, Urbanica, Kommersant
etc.). There is no heavy industry in the city; the main industry is
agriculture and food production (42.8%), among the others are
energy sector, fuel industry, machine construction, forestry and
chemical industries.
Krasnodar is a highly developed commercial area. It has the
largest turnover in the Southern Federal District of Russia (290
billion RUB in 2010). Krasnodar is the first in Russia in the
number of malls (per capita). Tourism comprises a large part
of Krasnodar’s economy. There are more than 80 hotels in
Krasnodar. Hilton Garden Inn, opened in 2013, is the first world-
class hotel in the city.
Krasnodar is an important Southern transport hub. Four directions
of railways, two federal highways cross the city; there is an airport
and river cargo port here.
Although it is a rapidly growing (the second after Moscow) million-
city, Krasnodar creates an image of a typical southern intimate
low-rise town due to prevailing cottage housing even in the city
centre. The booming chaotic development may erase this image.
Combining advantages of a developed megacity with greenery,
sun and southern lifestyle, Krasnodar becomes especially
attractive for life and business.
Microrayon Pashkovo: «dachas» within the cityborders

Image source:
http://varlamov.ru/994703.html
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GENERAL INFO
Administrative 1.34 mln people
centre The agglomeration of Krasnodar has a rural character as there is a
SIZE high density of villages and no towns in the radius of 60 km.
Krasnodar is the centre of Krasnodarsky kray region. The main at-
339, 31 km2 tractors of Krasnodarsky kray are resort towns of Anapa, Gelendjik,
Tuapse and Sochi.
POPULATION
829 677
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT
Pashovsky
Airport PRIMORSKO-AHTARSK
Krasnodar - 1
Krasnodar - 2
Krasnodar Sort.
Cargo
river harbour
ANAPA
CLIMATE NOVOROSSIYSK
Moderate continental
24o C GELENDJIK
1o C
TUAPSE
FOUNDED IN
1794
SOCHI
city boundary of 1888

Mountain resort Sparkling winery
city boundary of 1941 «Krasnaya polyana» «Abrau-durso»
Beach resorts Russian sea port

city boundary of 2015 of Novorossiisk
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CITY STRUCTURE
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CITY STRUCTURE
HISTORICAL PART
Regular street grid 150x150 m with

a low-rise housing.
INDUSTRIAL BELT
The most problematic zone is one

blocking the entrances to the river
Kuban.
RESIDENTIAL PART
An important difference from other

cities - is the prevalence of private /
*
cottage housing
*
WATERFRONT
The condition of embankments

is contrasting: highly urbanised
stands close to purely wild areas.
* SPECIAL SITES
Teatralnaya square «Aurora» cinema-theatre

5 KM
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CITY TRAITS « The main difference of Krasnodar from many

other Russian city is of course favorable
natural and climatic conditions! »
Tatyana, citizen
KUBAN OLD-TOWN FRIENDLY SOUTHERN FOOTBALL RUSTY BOATS

COSSACKS CORTYARDS CLIMATE LIFESTYLE OBSESSIVE CEMETERY
The city is a home to Black sea Cossacks - The city has inherited the so-called «chess All the country adores Krasnodar mild cli- Krasnodar is much associated with the Due to a suitable climatic conditions foot- One of the most famous unofficial Kras-
a special socio-cultural group of members board» urban grid with the low-rise hous- mate. Thanks to a mild sunny weather the southern lifestyle which is not typical for ball is a popular sport here. Everybody nodar sights is the cemetary of old soviet
of democratic, semi-military communities, ing with cozy internal courtyards, providing city is half a year deep in greenery and Russia. It means special perception of plays football everywhere here in Krasno- rusty boats. Despite its specific the place
which played an important role in the his- special homelike «atmosphere of the old flowers, and produces most of Russia’s space, chaotic character of city develop- dar! There is a famous Football Academy doesn’t look like a dust hole, but more as
torical and cultural development of Russia. times». agriculture. ment, bright fashion & demonstrativeness. located here: http://afkrd.ru/ a postapocalyptic scene.
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CURRENT PROJECTS
UNIQUE
1 Shopping & Leisure The project of this Shopping mall is in-
teresting for its urban planning solution.
Centre
Placed in the city Centre it blends into ur-
«Gallery Krasnodar 2»
ban structure; moreover it forms a public
Architecture: ABD architects space around legendary Shukhov tower.
Project/ realisation: 2012/ 2013 Though the mall is still massive and closed
http://www.abdcom.ru/architecture/centers/54/
to surrounding streets, it’s a good attempt
of complex urban project.
Many point objects (offices, hotels, apart-

TYPICAL
2 Hotel complex
«Mariott Courtyard ments) are now built in Krasnodar Centre.
Often high-rise, hardly related to the sur-
Krasnodar» roundings, with the lack of identity they
Developer: Europeya destroy the intimate image of Krasnodar
Project/ realisation: 2006/ 2016 old-town and have little effect on urban de-
http://europeya.ru/marriott/
velopment.
UNIQUE
3 Winery & The project within the city borders. Krasno-
darskiy region is famous for wine produc-
cultural complex
in Gai-Kodzor tion so building a winery complex is a good
investment here. The project presented is
Architecture: Kleinewelt architecten sponsored by Roman Abramovich winery
Project/ realisation: 2013/ ? in Gai Kodzor. There are plans to build a
http://kleinewelt.ru/#/projects/60/
wine-tourism cluster here.
There is a glut of residential construction

TYPICAL 4 Residential complex
of different classes in Krasnodar. Typical
«Bolshoy»
business-class housing is residential com-
plex «Bolshoy»: large 25-storey building in
Developer: Meriton Company the city Centre.The complex is built on a
Project/ Realisation: 2012/ 2015 two-storey stylobate with service & leisure
http://meriton.ru/houses
functions.
UNIQUE
5 Residential complex Typical economic-class residential com-
plex is a low-cost «microrayon-like» hous-
«Slavyanka»
ing with lack of architecture, infrastructure
and services.
Developer: KubanGradInvestStroy
Project/ Realisation: 2015/ 2019
http://kubangis.ru/
UNIQUE
6 Residential complex This complex is unique in Krasnodar for its
attitude to housing project. The complex
«Evropeya»
consists of neighborhoods, each entirely
made in the style of a European country.
Developer: Europe-realt Each neighborhood has its own little
Project/ Realisation: 2013/ 2018 community centre with special feature and
http://www.europeya.ru
style. The centre of «Europeya» is its own
business area.
5 KM
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HOT TOPICS
« In 00-s Krasnodar was Chaotic
development
Absence of
places for swimming
developing very rapidly, but
that was «unsystematic» However the city urban structure has a regular character, The ecology of waters and beaches remain unsatisfac-
the development tends to be chaotic and dotty without tory. There is an official ban on swimming in the river
and chaotic development. one common direction. High-rise buildings are placed and ponds within the city boundary. Popular citizen
near or instead of low-rise fine housing. place for swimming is the beach of Adygeya (on the
30-storey residential build- other side of river Kuban), but it is also extremely lit-
ings grows in the midst of tered.
the private sector, a huge

apartment complexes do not
ensure the proper transport
infrastructure. »
Roman Fisenko,
urban studies expert
Transport Parking Absence of Old

collapse places city image housing stock
The most urgent problem is a total traffic collapse on Booming motorization as well as the obsolete urban sys- The city has many special features, but there is still no The problem of delapidated and emergency housing
all the city-roads. The reason is that the existing road tem of historical centre (fine urban grid, narrow streets) common style, look and brand for Krasnodar. The struc- stock is evident in the famous central historical grid of
network is underdeveloped for the booming million ag- result in a parking chaos in Krasnodar. ture of the city is tend to loose its clearness - its hard to Krasnodar. Nowadays it became a real ghetto, popular-
glomeration and economic centre of Russian Federa- find even a centre of social activity here. The main street ly called «Shankhaichiki».
tion South. - Krasnaya - is 5 km long, and is not comfortable enough
for leisure & activities.
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Abandoned Poor « Generally we have three
aquapark waterfront
promising directions to offer
The activity of entertainment aquacomplex «Aqualand» Serious question is the «brownfield» along the Kuban for investors. They are: the
was suspended from summer, 2009 due to lack of fund-
ing. Now the park stands untidy and derelict, and is
River. The city has practically no normal access to the
water (except in a few new private areas), no water-
reconstruction of the central
used as a place for extreme sports illegally. The cadas-
tral value of the land on April 1, 2014 - 312 million 700
front, beaches and parks along the river. Now the most
access to water is blocked by abandoned industrial ar-
part of the city, production
thousand rubles. eas: abandoned or just partly working. distribution in the Eastern
Industrial Zone and tourism
and recreation sector
development »
Vladimir Evlanov
Major of Krasnodar
Proficit of Poor transport Transport project Project «Capital-city

commercial estate connection with the sea «Krasnodar transit» look for Krasnodar»
The total area of offices in Krasnodar is more than 1 The Black sea two hours away ride. But the system of One of the most important infrastructure projects under The city goverment program «Capital look for Krasnod-
million sq.m. There are over 30 major business centers public transport connection to the coast is chaotic. negotiations is a project of railway track removal. Nowa- ar» intend to create a complex urban masterplan. This
(over 10 thousand sq.m) and more than 200 small build- days the railroad divides the city in half and thereby caus- is large-scale and long-term project, which involves a
ings (up to 3 thousand sq.m) working in the city. There es transportation problems. complete historic centre reconstruction, development
with the office buildings comissioned in the last 2 years, of new territories, the creation of new recreation areas
are filled only on 60%. and «attractors».
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— The city has started a program «Cap-

ital look for Krasnodar», supposed to
— The market of economic class housing
is full-fledged.
— The Krasnodar agglomeration is vil-
lage-like and needs complex projects to
— Redevelopment of the old housing
stock in the centre
become a part of masterplan strategy. But there is an opportunity for hous- be hold there.
Probably, this means relative readiness ing typologies diversifying here
— Projects within «Capital look for Kras- — Redevelopment of the former produc-
of the authorities for strategic planning. due to both climatic conditions and tions (typography, etc.) in the centre
nodar» program
Necessary problems to be solved:
formed types of dwellings which are:
- Individual villas/ cottages — Redevelopment of the soviet
architecture heritage
- Transport problems - Low-rise housing
- Inner city redevelopment
- Optimization of the infrastructure after
- Terraces
- Penthouses ...etc. — There are plans of central railway re-
moval.In case this project happens, a
booming residential construction
demand for railway brownfields rede-
- Transit removal
velopment will occur

— Complete transport strategy creation (to

solve existing traffic problems)
— Regeneration of the abandoned aqua-
park
— City embankments arrangement &
brownfields on the river redevelopment
— How to save a unique low-rise city cen-
tre in a megacity?
— Parking strategy in the city centre — Arrangement of communication plat- — Arrangement of places for swimming — The development within an existing
«chessboard» grid
form between activists («City Deci-
sions», «VeloKrasnodar» etc.) and — River water ecology improvement — City image & architectural principles of
— Arrangement of bicycle infrastructure authorities for making any urban trans- development creation
formations happen
— Clear transport connection with the sea
resorts
— Night transport system
— Efficient fast transport connection of air-

port and the city centre
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KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

Official city’s web-site
http://krd.ru/
Blog about the city

http://www.kublog.ru/
News portal
http://www.yugopolis.ru/
VLADIMIR
EVLANOV
Mayor of Krasnodar

Group of companies «EUROPE»
http://http://www.europe-realt.ru/
GVA SAWYER
http://www.gvasawyer.ru
Construction company «ALMAKS»

MIROSLAV DMITRY ILYA http://almaks-kr.ru/
VALKOVICH GURBICH FEYGENOV
urban activist, сo-founder of public cycling activist, «AFISHA №1 Krasnodar»

movement «City Decisions» founder of «VeloKrasnodar» founder
https://vk.com/urban_krd https://www.facebook.com/groups/velokrd/
Annual international architectural and building exhibition «YUBUILD»

http://www.yugbuild.com/
GRIGORY
KORNEV
founder of public movement «City

Decisions», famous blogger
http://dr_corner.livejournal.com/
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GENIUS LOCI
Krasnodar is a double-dyed southern city, where one mature
urban planner would feel like in an aunt-hill! Since is was found-
ed by emperor decree as a military settlement, the city has a
regular structure. But due to temperamental, hot and free people
of Cossaks (and other), the city was settled in «naturally». The
southern hedonism prevailed here on any urban system, so one
can easily feel chaos, blooming life, and bright colours in each
сell of a strict urban grid. It can be hardly named a cultural or
intellectual centre of Russia, but at the same time it is a place
of «la dolce vita». If it is any hurry in the city - it is a pleasant
«slow» hurry. Expressive feelings and projects, garish colours
and fashion, open minded and a bit village-like (which means
close-to roots, traditional, and simple-minded in behaviour and
use of space) citizens - these are the key impressions of Kras-
nodar, which could be experienced like «Russian Mexico».
A man sitting on a construction site as a symbol of Krasnodar

free southern character
Image source:
http://vk.com/photo-33025155_311433704
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CITY PROFILE
15
00
km
to
Sa
in
tP
et
er
s
bu
rg
53
0k
m
to
M
VORONEZH
os
co
w
BLACK EARTH REGION CAPITAL

HOMELAND OF RUSSIAN NAVY
HOMELAND OF MILITARY AIRBORNE
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CITY PROFILE VORONEZH
RESUME
City of Voronezh is located in the central part of European Russia
on the border of Srednerusskaya Upland and Oka-Don plain. In
1571 Boyar Mikhail Vorotynsky organized the guard service of the
Russian state on the river Voronezh. In April 1590 the castle was
set on fire by the Cherkasses, but soon was built up again.
Since then, the city constantly rediscovers itself for new activities.
At the end of the XVII century by order of Peter the Great
Voronezh the first Admiralty was created. It was Voronezh, where
the first ships of Russian Navy were built. So till the end of time
Voronezh is considered the cradle of the Russian fleet. And
although the shipyards were soon transferred to Tavrov, Voronezh
actually turned into a business capital of the coun¬try, the city
has become famous all over the country and even abroad, has
acquired state, military, commercial and economic importance.
Located in the fertile soils of Black Earth Voro¬nezh became the
center of trade in agricultural products.
During World War II, Voronezh resisted German troops for 212
days and nights. The city is the second after Leningrad for civilian
casualties. During their retreat German invaders destroyed factory
buildings, public buildings were blown up, burned about 92% of the
housing stock of the city. After liberation from the Nazis Voronezh
was a ruin and was actively restored in Soviet times. In 2008 the
city was awarded the honorary title of «City of Military Glory».
After the war, at the Voronezh aircraft factory was constructed the
world’s first serial supersonic passenger aircraft Tu-144. In 1972
Voronezh Reservoir was created. In 1989 Voronezh bell casting
company was revived. In the 1990-s the construction of churches
on destroyed sites began. In 1990, the Ministry of Culture put
Voronezh in the list of historical cities of Russia.
In 2012, the Voronezh got the status million-city and took the
8th place in the rating for the quality of the urban environ¬ment,
prepared by the Ministry of Regional Development.
The structure of the gross municipal product in the first place is
the food industry (34%), chemical industry (16%), manufacture of
electrical equipment (12.5%). Government of the Voronezh region
with the support of the Investment Fund of Russia is implementing
a project of industrial park «Maslovskiy» on the territory of
Maslovka district to accommodate more than 100 new businesses,
including transformer plant by Siemens.
Voronezh is actively developing as a platform for cultural events,
e.g. the annual International Festival «Jazz Province», Russian
Festival of Japanese Animation, Open Festival of Poetry «Poeteh»
and the International Festival of Platonov.
Panorama view to the Voronezh reservoir

Image source: kumiros.livejournal.com
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centre The settlements around the city began to form immediately in the
SIZE construction of Voronezh as a fortress. By the end of the XIX cen-
tury Voronezh with surrounding territories formed Voronezh county
601 km2 total area - 5283 sq. km, much later became also the agglomeration
territory.
In 2009-2010, the city annexed a large part of the nearby commu-
nities of agglomeration, to obey the city; and increasing their num-
POPULATION bers.
1 023 957
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT
RAMON’
Voronezh Int. VERKHNAYA KHAVА
Airport
SEMILUKI
Voronezh I
Voronezh II Kurskiy NOVAYA PANINO
KHOKHOLSKY USMAN’
Local cargo port
Passenger -
under negotiations KASHIRSKOE
NIZHNEDEVITSK
NOVOVORONEZH
CLIMATE
Moderate Сontinental
21o C
-7o C
OSTROGOZHSK
FOUNDED IN
1586 NOVAYA USMAN’ RAMON’ NOVOVORONEZH SEMILUKI
PANINO Historical tourism Novovoronezh nu- 2 Refractory Plants;
VERKHNAYA KHAVA clear power station Household chemicals
NIZHNEDEVITSK Art pottery factory “RosEnergoAtom” plant; Construction
KHOKHOLSKY materials production;
city boundary of 1939 Food production & Production of con- Control of main gas
KASHIRSKOE
Research Institute of struction materials of pipelines; etc.
OSTROGOZHSK Agriculture wide spectre;
city boundary of 1970 LISKINSKY Radio manufacture Social business
“RusKarton” (recy-
Agriculture
city boundary of 2015 cling plant)
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CITY STRUCTURE
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Voronezh has a «patchwork» urban

CITY STRUCTURE fibre rather than a streaky one.

Violetta, urban analytic
HISTORICAL PART
During the WWII the city center was

mostly destroyed. So that during
the early Soviet times it was regen-
erated both with new and copied
architecture. Thus some heritage
managed to be kept.
INDUSTRIAL BELT
The biggest industries are locat-

ed in the East bank of Reservoir,
where the “new city” was created
after the WWII
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
*
The private sector here is common-
ly adjacent to the high-rise apart-
ment buildings, creating a crazy
patchwork urban mix.
*
WATERFRONT
The city has a position between two

river basins: Voronezh reservoir of
Voronezh river. The coast of the
latter stands wild, while coasts of
reservoir are urbanized.
* SPECIAL SITES
Park «Dinamo» «Admiralteyskaya» Square &

Assumption Admiralty temple
5 KM
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«Voronezh seems to me such a rawhide city»

CITY TRAITS
Maxim, traveller
CRADLE OF AVIATION BELL CASTING ANIME MOTHERLAND OF «SEKTOR GAZA»

RUSSIAN FLEET CENTRE FACTORY CAPITAL AIRBORNE FORCES BAND
The first shipyards for Russian Fleet were It is Voronezh aircraft enterprise which pro- In pre-revolutionary times Voronezh was Voronezh hosts an annual Russian Fes- In August 2, 1930 the first Soviet mili- This hard-rock band was formed in Voro-
constructed here under the decree of Peter duce famous planes of brands «Il», «An» famous for its bell-casting factory of Samo- tival of Japanese Animation since 2000 tary-airborne landing was dropped 2 km nezh, named after the unofficial name for
the Great in 1694. Thus, the beginning of and «Tu». Here in 1968 was created the hvalov brothers. At WW I the factory was year, so that has rightfully earned the infor- from Voronezh. So August 2 is celebrated the city district. It is perceived as a Bad egg
Russian Navy goes from Voronezh, which first supersonic passenger airliner Tu-144. closed. In 1989 bell-casting craft was re- mal rank of Anime capital as Russian Airborne Forces birthday. of music, but still is popular. Its song was
is known as a «Cradle of Russian Fleet». sumed by the opening of Anisimov factory used in Guy Richi’s film «Rock’n’rolla».
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CURRENT PROJECTS
TYPICAL
1 Hotel Mariott is a typical dotty development in
the city Centre. Multifunctional complex
«Mariott» with hotel, shopping and administrative
functions.
Architecture: “5s Grupp”
Project/ realisation: 2012/2015
http://news.marriott.com/2012/08
UNIQUE
22 Reconstruction of Voronezh still has a very underdeveloped
waterfront. An important public space was
Petrovskaya
created around the site of the first city
embankment wharf. Further development is being dis-
Architecture: “Voronezhproekt” cussed now with a numerous projects pro-
Project/ realisation: 2015/2018 posed around the site. For example, the
http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2193434
proposal of Voronezhproject for residential,
sport and recreational area.
UNIQUE
34 Multifunctional An example of redevelopment in Voro-
nezh, where there are many former indus-
complex trial buildings in the centre. Previously, the
«Voronezh-city» area of «Voronezh City» belonged to the
Architecture: group of companies “Megion” group of industrial com¬panies «Energy»,
Project/ realisation: 2011/2016 which produces rock¬et engines.
http://www.camcomp.com
UNIQUE
4 Ecological park The city of Voronezh is located within rich
forest area, some of the forests create
«Nagornaya Dubrava»
green corridors within the city, others link
city to the bigger natural reserve areas.
Architecture: MLA+ MLA+ was involved in the project for one
Project/ realisation: 2012/ – of the gateway parks to the ecological re-
http://www.dprvrn.ru/index.php/novostimnogofunkt
sionalnogo-parka/ serve.
UNIQUE 5
Industrial park One of 5 industrial parks in Voronezh and
Voronezh region, founded after Regional
«Maslovskiy» Government decision. Financing is provid-
ed from budget of Voronezh region and the
Architecture: JSC “Winky” Investment Fund of Russian Federation.
Project/ realisation: 2009/2015 The speciality of «Maslovskiy» park – is
http://vinkorp.ru/investoram-i-rezidentam
engineering and metalworking.
A huge multi-storey complex within the

TYPICAL
6 Resedental complex
city¬borders projected in modernistic tradi-
«Botanicheskiy» tions on a prestigious plot near botanical
garden. The city still lacks for a high-quality
Architecture: construction company «Vybor» housing.
Project/ realisation: 2015/under construction
http://vyborstroi.ru/
5 KM
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HOT TOPICS
« Now Voronezh has Absence of human-friendly
public spaces
Galloping growth
of the city
lost the direction for its
movement. And I consider Many respondents mentioned the lack of public spaces The active growth of the city faces problems of in-
and full-fledged long pedestrian paths: «In Voronezh frastructure intensity of social functions (recreation,
that the main task facing there is no normal parks. Even the “Aliye Parusa” - is a schools, etc.). In addition, even with the status of mil-
parody. 10 minutes measured step and the park end- lion-city, Voronezh mentality remains provincial - the
all of us in the future — is ed». The absence of any citizen-friendly environment activity and interest in the social life of citizens is low,
a search of a space for is a painful problem for a city with historical potential. urban communities are not formed. There’s a need for
different interest clubs and more educational projects.
development, allocation
of its main values and
elaboration of approaches
to them. And the most
painful one – the realisation
of pedestrian zones. »
Konstantin Kuznetzov, architect
Heritage How to raise touristic Trams elimination & Dirty

demolishing attractiveness? «Case of Tram Avenger» reservoir
During the WW II, the historical heritage of the city was With an outstanding history and cultural heritage, Vo- The tram service was closed completely in Voronezh on In certain seasons many Voronezh visitors note that
heavily destroyed, some monuments were reconstruct- ronezh is not too popular even in terms of domestic the 15 of April, 2009. Such a decision provoked a strong «the city stinks.» The main reason is the high degree
ed, others were completely lost. Some - are still in dis- tourism. A determined policy is needed for tourism and disapproval of the citizens. Widely known was a «case of of contamination of the Voronezh Reservoir, came up
repair. The city is careless to maintain the heritage; the the appropriate infrastructure development. In addition tram Avenger» - anonymous reports about false bombs in close to environmental disaster. The main causes of
strategy for image of city development has not been Voronezh is a city of military glory that determines the retaliation for the total elimination. By 2010, all tramways contamination are insufficiently treated wastewater util-
developed, some sites continue to be demolished for somewhat restrained character and prevents dynamic were removed, cars - utilized, the territory of the tram de- ities and industrial companies.
new development. development of existing memorial public spaces. pot was put under redevelopment.
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Undemanded
public transport
Old and weak airport
in aviation capital
« Now we build an
architectural ideology for
The level of public transport demand is low, the auto- The airport of the city of legendary TU-144 plane is the city. Development
mobilization tendency prevails. There are practically old-fashioned and remains undemanded. Сomparing
only buses remained as a municipal public transport; with other million-cities the passenger traffic of Voro- of suburban areas with
and mini buses private cabbies. The situation has nezh airport is three times lower; an amount of flights
not yet become a stalemate, but with the rapid urban is low, the flights are expensive (domestic and interna- social housing construction
sprawl can become one very quickly. tional as well).
today is not the most
important task. A priority
is complex development
of territories with shabby
emergency stock. We
need to start construction
from these places »
Alexander Gusev
Mayor of Voronezh
Civil Withering Voronezh Strategy

interaction industry 2018 2020
Many of the city’s initiatives have not yet been imple- «Despite the implemented local development pro- There is an open (which is uncommon for «russian Strategy 2020 was approved in 2009. At the forefront
mented, because of no sufficient involvement of the cit- grams and investment projects, production today is still goverment style») program held personally by the city was put coordinating, regulating and limiting functions.
izens in this process and a common language with the old-fashioned. Yes, we now have an alternative new mayor Alexander Gusev aimed to monitor and engage City will develop in the North, South and East-West
City Hall is not found. This is the first task - to find com- Maslovskaya industrial zone, but overall labor produc- city projects and programs of demanded problems. The directions: land reserve - about 6000 ha. Emphasis is
mon ground with the government and engage in pro- tivity in industry lags behind the modern level» - notes project addresses issues of security, development of made on the development of areas with shabby hous-
cess of urban development. A possible solution could City Hall. One solution declared is the creation of new tourism, road infrastructure, water supply, youth pro- ing and the private sector. Voronezh-2020 won’t be a
be the creation of Internet projects of civil interaction. industries, primarily in the sphere of small business. grams, the construction of new areas, waterfront, etc. city of skyscrapers - it’ll retain «European town» look.
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— As the society is ready for a dialog and

the existing strategic plan expires with-
— Loft housing development in the city
delapidated downtown
— Complex development of production — There is a lack of empty land in the city
which is a good incentive to redevelop-
—
in 5 years, there are chances to create ment of:
a modern effective masterplan and the
Housing development in the city North,
South and East-West directions
— Development of the city North, South - brownfields
strategy for the city. Now Voronezh and East-West directions - shabby housing
is choosing a vector of compact city,
which requires «european approach»,
— Housing in the agglomeration
where the Dutch could play the role.

- City image
- Ecology
- Public transport
- Direction for development
- Touristic infrastructure

— Alternative to the trams? — Intensification of the activity & events

on the existing public spaces!!
— Development of city connection and
interaction with Don
— City image & architectural principles of
development сreation
— Intensification of public transport — Arrangement of culture sharing pro- — Voronezh Reservoir cleaning and
popularity grams (for development of «megacity ecology systems arrangement
mentality») — Pedestrian public zones and touristic
— Eco-activities to reduce littering
— Development of Reservoir waterfronts routes in the city centre
— Transport connection within the ag-

glomeration — Activization of tourism

— Airport activization and development
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KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

Strategic Voronezh 2018

http://voronezh2018.ru/

http://www.voronezh-city.ru/
On-line newspaper about citylife

ANTON http://downtown.ru/voronezh/
VLADIMIR
ASTANIN SHEVELEV
Web community «VORONEZH ROOM» (city life and projects info-support)
Vice Mayor of Voronezh Municipal council http://voronezh-room.ru/
Map of Voronezh graffity

http://pshpsh.ru/
Voronezh Developer Company
http://www.vrndk.ru/
Construction company «VYBOR»

Companies group «EUROSTROY»

ILYA KONSTANTIN ANDREW ILYA
TITOV KUZNETZOV FURSOV BEYLIN http://www.eurostroygroup.com/
«VeloVoronezh» bicycle organization of architectural the head of public organization city activist, blogger,
community activist forum «Zodchestvo VRN» of “City and transport” pr-specialist
X International Forum «VORONEZH REGION - YOUR PARTNER»

www.uefexpo.ru
Architectural Forum «ZODCHESTVO VRN»

zodchestvo-vrn.com
SHILIN ALEXEY ENIN PYOTR

ALEXANDER SANIEV ALEXANDER KAPUSTIN
Chairman of the Voronezh Author of the Voronezh Dean of architectural faculty in Consultant of Architecture in
branch of the Union of Archi- Ecopath concept, Voronezh State University of VSUofAandC, open lecturer,
tects of Russia Ecology activist Architecture and Construction blogger, specialist of urbanistics
and culture
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GENIUS LOCI
Cradle of Russian fleet, the capital of fertile Black Earth,
of aviation and Airborne, of anime... Voronezh – is the
breadbasket of Russia, feeding it with daily bread, church
tolls, ships and aircraft. It has enough for all, as a mother-
feeding breast could be enough for each child.
Its mission - to nurture and raise children, to love everyone
as they are – either a glorious warrior of Airborne or Wild
Child with a guitar and badges of «Sektor Gaza». With the
wisdom of an experienced woman Voronezh tolerate any
puberty age of Russia. With the courage and sacrifice of
a real Russian woman Voronezh will go to great lengths
to defend the children as did during the WWII.
It is comfortable and peaceful in mother embrace, so despite
the fact that Voronezh is a megacity, it is perceived as a
small town (e.g. like Plyos on Volga (judging by the photos,
sent by the city residents for illustration of their sense of
the city)). Voronezh is a mother’s house, where you can
go back to the roots, be thankful to your mother...
Breastfeeding mother as a symbol

of Voronezh generous character
Image source: photo collection
«Breastfeeding Goddesses» by Ivette Ivens
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CITY PROFILE
17
96
km
to
Sa
in
tP
10
et
77
er
km
sb
ur
to
ROSTOV-ON-DON
M
os
co
w
SOUTH CAPITAL
GATES OF THE CAUCASUS
PORT OF FIVE SEAS
RUSSIAN CHICAGO
«ROST-ANGELES»
CAPITAL OF DON
HARVESTER CAPITAL
ROSTOV-PAPA
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CITY PROFILE ROSTOV-ON-DON
RESUME
Conceived as a Russian Chicago and built up as Los An-
geles, Rostov-on-Don today – is the largest city in the
South of the Russian Federation, the administrative cen-
tre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District.
It was founded by the decree of Empress Elizabeth I from 15
December 1749 as the Temernitsaya custom (named after the
river Temernik). Located about 40 kilometers away from the Azov
Sea, Rostov thus has an access to five seas: the Sea of Azov, the
Caspian, the Black, Baltic and White. The favorable geographical
position at the crossroads of roads and water ways contributed
to the economic development of Rostov. The largest commercial
port of southern Russia was formed here, and keeps this status
to this day. The multicultural environment is developed here as in
any self-respecting port city.
In 1887 the city was included in the Don Cossacks area,
which contributed also to the development of the city.
The economy of Rostov was based on trade, it was called
the merchant city, but there were already more than 100
companies here at the beginning of the XX century.
During the time of USSR formation Rostov-on-Don began an
active construction, it was merged with the neighboring Na-
khichevan-on-Don. Historic plan was masterfully reworked
by Soviet planners. Rostov is still the most compact million
city in Russia. The giant Soviet agricultural machinery factory
«Rostselmash» was laid, the country’s largest Drama The-
atre of Gorky - the pearl of constructivism - was opened.
During World War II the city had suffered a lot of damage
- about 12,000 houses were destroyed at the fighting. Ros-
tov-on-Don was among 10 most war-torn cities of Russia.
In 2008 it was awarded the title of City of Military Glory.
Today it is one of the largest economically developed southern
cities of Russia. Almost 50% of trade in the region is in Rostov.
Hallmark of the city are such enterprises as JSC «Rostselmash»,
«Rostvertol», «Baltika-Don», «Don tobacco», «Taurus», «Glo-
ria Jeans», «Aston», «Gorizont», «Almaz», «Pribor», etc.
The city is a major administrative, cultural, scientific, educa-
tional and a major transportation hub in southern Russia that’s
why unofficially Rostov is called «Gate of the Caucasus».
In 2012, Rostov-on-Don took the 5th place in the rat-
ing of the quality of the urban environment. In 2018 it will
be one of the cities that will host FIFA World Cup.
Urban view through wilderness: panorama

on Rostov centre from the left bank of Don river.
Image source: http://rostestrostov.ru
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GENERAL INFO
Administrative 2,2 mln people
centre The fourth in size when compared sectional monocentric agglom-
SIZE erations in Russia, is the most prominent inter-regional center of
social and economic development and attractor for the southern
354 km2 Russia. City and agglomeration have a positive population growth.
POPULATION
OiL
1 114 806 NOVOSHAHTINSK
OiL
SHAHTY
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT
Rostov-on-Don
international airport
NOVOCHERKASSK
Main Train Station. CHALTYR

AKSAY
The international seaport

Sea cargo port ROSTOV-ON-DON STAROCHERKASSKAYA
TAGANROG
CLIMATE
AZOV BATAYSK
+28,3 °C
−2,9 °C
FOUNDED IN
AZOV BATAYSK NOVOSHAHTINSK TAGANROG
1749 Sorting centre rail freight A port on the Sea of
Industrial city Plant oil
logistics centre ,
OiL
Azov, an important
The largest enterprise industrial centre in
transportation of cargo AKSAY on tailoring “Gloria
city boundary of 1902 by water Southern Russia.
Industrial satellite city of Ros- Jeans” The centre of steel,
tov-on-Don, more than 1 000
mechanical engineering
city boundary of 1924 SHAHTY companies. STAROCHERKASSKAYA
Education and Research The capital of the Don
Centre for the prepa- NOVOCHERKASSK Cossacks CHALTYR
city boundary of 1942 ration of specialists for Museum-reserve of
Is one of the largest industrial Working village with the
work in the factories centre s of the Rostov region 180 ha. food industry
160 M2RU 161

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CITY STRUCTURE
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CITY STRUCTURE
HISTORICAL PART
Comprises the historical cores

of two cities: Rostov-on-Don and
Nakhichevan-on-Don. During the
WWII was largerly destroyed and
rebuilt in Soviet times.
INDUSTRIAL BELT
Most of production is now actively

transferred away from the center-
and concentrated on the left bank of
the Don. On the city mainland the
most transport zones are located.
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
Interesting phenomenon is such as

Lengorodok, Zmeyovka, Nakhalov-
ka, Berberovka etc. Having a Soviet
modernist plan, they are built up
with low-rise buildings.
*
WATERFRONT *
Waterfront of Rostov is diverse - riv-
ers, the port, proximity of the sea
and ponds. But there’s only one
maintained embankment. In very
poor condition is Temernik river.
* SPECIAL SITES
Rostov Academic Drama Thea- Paramonov Warehouses Ruins

tre in honour of Gorkiy
5 KM
164 M2RU 165
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« Rostov is the trade city, people here are ac-

CITY TRAITS customed to capitalize upon everything and do
bargains. Here it does not matter who you are,
it is important what you can offer. Rostov peo-
ple are hot and temperamental. »
Dmitriy, history teacher, local studies expert
TRADE & PORT AZOV ROSTOV-PAPA DON «ROSTSELMASH» ROSTOV

CITY SEA SENDS HELLO COSSACKS COMBINERS RAP
Rostov has access to 5 seas. As in every Azov sea is famous as one of the most Rostov got the unofficial name of «Papa» In 1749 Don Cossacks have acquired the «RostSelMash» is a large plant for agricul- Rostov rap can be identified as a style -
port city life is full of trades, dynamics and shallow seas of the world. Rostov is locat- after thieves chanson song by Arkadiy right for establishment of the customs in tural combiners and machines production, hard-romantic rogue rap with deep love for
exotic - Russian Armenians, Greeks, Cos- ed 60-70 km away from good beaches of Severniy. For a long time, together with Temernik river mouth. Since then, their his- which was established in Rostov for the native land. There are many all-Russian
sacks, Ukrainians and Jews fill the city with Azov sea. «Odessa-mother» was considered as ban- tory is inextricably linked with Rostov. development of virgin soils. famous groups come out of Rostov as
their national colors. dit city, so it still retains such a folklore. «Kasta», «Basta», «Rem Digga» etc.
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CURRENT PROJECTS
UNIQUE
1 Business Centre Class A Rostov is a large administrative & business
«Five Seas» city in the South, so there is a stable con-
struction of high-quality offices in the city
Centre. One of the latest is «5 seas» pro-
Architecture: SPEECH ject by famous architects Tchoban & Kus-
Project/ realisation: 2005/2012 netsov. Despite their architectural quality
http://archi.ru/projects/russia
such objects are constructed dotty without
any integrated vision.
«IMAX» cinema A case of renovation and unification of sev-

UNIQUE
2 eral buildings in one recreational complex.
The building stands on the pillars, so that
the first floor is used entirely for parking.
Despite the progressive architecture and
Architecture: Ltd. Novaya R.A.S.A.
Project/ realisation: 2014/2016 function, the building is still aggressive to
http://www.novate.ru/blogs/080113/22234/ the surrounding environment.
UNIQUE
3 Stadium, FIFA World Cup The stadium is built in case of World Cup-
2018 2018 preparation. It is assumed that the
stadium will be a anchor point for devel-
opment of the left bank of the Don (now
Architecture: Company “Populous” – undeveloped).
http://avivas.ru
UNIQUE
4 Airport The project for airport was planned by
city administration even before World Cup
preparation as a solution for transport and
infrastructure problems. The project by
Architecture: Twelve Architects & Masterplan- English architects will be located in Aksay
ners district in the east of the city.
http://realty.rbc.ru
TYPICAL
5 Residential complex Housing developmnet has a good quality
«Pearl of the Don» in Rostov on Don, though all the devel-
opments are more dotty and chaotic in a
scale of a whole city.
Architecture: ”Snegiri”
http://www.snegiri.com/projects/objects
TYPICAL
6 Embankment There are works on roads and public
spaces reconstruction held now all over
reconstruction
the Rostov city: building of the duplicate
bridge Voroshilovsky, reconstruction of city
market or the Don embankment. The re-
Project/ realisation: 2015 construction involves tile replacement with
http://dontr.ru/vesti/obshchestvo/v-rostove-startov- granite and basic landscaping.
al-vtoroj-e-tap-rekonstruktsii-naberezhnoj/
5 KM
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HOT TOPICS
« Subway is not the only Subway project:
To be or not to be?
Lack of public spaces
coherence
solution to the city transport
problem. We will consider The works on subway creation started in 2008, currently Such city places as Gorkiy park, Cathedral square and
announced a competition for the design of the first line. It the embankment are the most active minihubs in Ros-
all the variants. These was decided to construct «West - East North» line first to tov centre . They are the basic attractors, but in practice
relieve traffic jams. Planned date of the 1st construction they are characterised as closed isolated withdrawed
are either construction of stage commissioning is 2020. However, the debates on systems. There is a need for pedestrian and infrastuc-
the North Tunnel, or paid such a panacea to solve the transport problem are still
ongoing in the City Hall.
ture connections to update the comfort of Rostov urban
environment.
parking. We shall attentively
consider suggestions of
foreign investors, who
talked about creation of
Rostov light metro »
Sergey Gorban’, Mayor of Rostov
Urban activity Dilapidated Heritage Unique city panorama

keeps calm city HCS disrespect is beeing lost
Despite of a good background and means for rapid Roads, pits in roads, rainwater system, maintenance Most of the historical Rostov was destroyed during the Rostov is probably the only city to the centre of which
development, it seems that citizen & administration ac- - is an urgent topic of Rostov.In winter it covers with Second World War, the city preserved layout and sepa- guests enter directly from the steppe. And the view - it is
tivity keeps calm, which is mentioned by the most of snow, in summer it floods. Even the effective work of rate sights, however, policy on heritage boggles the mind. the first thing people see. But to the left of Voroshilovs-
respondents. Maybe a city selection for FIFA was made current City Manager cannot provide a stable life in Part of it is demolished, some is hastily reconstructed kiy bridge appeared several multi-storey houses, which
in order to stir up the activity here? and even prepara- the city, as during the years under the previous mayor with cheap materials or is repaired cosmetically without destroy a complete picture. An urban expert of Rostov
tion for a championship passes slowly and imposingly. housing and communal services sector grew old. This strengthening of dilapidated structures. Plus - the lack of Juriy Trukhachev offers an idea to conterbalance of
leads to permanent disasters. policy in relation to outdoor advertising. panorama composition for the problem solution.
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Ecology of Temernik &
other water basins
LevBerDon
development
« We have interesting
projects ... but there
At present the ecological condition of Rostov’s «five The most of the city is located on the high bank of Don hasn’t been any local
seas» is poor; in the most danger stands the historical- River, but the left one (so-called «LevBerDon») is now
ly important Temernik river. There are also more than actively developed. Here the new industrial zone (on urban initiatives yet for
10 banned (because of water quality) beaches, where which most of city productions are now transferred)
citizens bathe nevertheless. and recreational zone (divided from industrial one by development of urban
Vostochnoye highway) are located. The zone is very
important as it forms a view of the сity entrance. environment. «Urban Fest
Rostov» was the first. After
1.5 year elections for a new
mayor will happen. We want
to show the city problems so
that the new administration
could not ignore us. »
Diana Karnaukhova, urban activist
Kumzhenskiy district – Related transport «Big Rostov» Preparation for

is that a joke? problems development FIFA WORLD CUP 2018
As envisaged by general plan, in the west of Rostov a Despite the fact that the city is mostly located on one There are few empty lands within the city borders for new All the respondents mentioned the preparation for the
new Kumzhenskiy district should be built. But it seems bank of the river, there are constant traffic jams - mostly construction. But the city has the ambition to grow. the FIFA WorldCup as a main city program, under which
to remain a ghost, drawn on paper. The construction on the roads connecting new residential districts with Project proposing such a vector is «Big Rostov». Ministry several bridges over the Don, highway bypass around
site is a complex of ponds,so the investor would have to the downtown (especially - Prospect Stachek). The au- of Regional Development of Russia has prepared a pro- the city, the stadium and recreational complex on the
produce enormous costs for bank protection, which will thorities prefer to solve problem by hard methods (sub- gram for 8 key megacities, Rostov as well. «Big Rostov» left bank of the Don and Airport Yuzhniy are being
increase housing prices. Plus there is the Kumzhen- way construction) there are other ways (which are part- comprises Rostov-on-Don and 10-12 km zone of towns built, together with the reconstruction of downtown. But
skaya grove - Rostov lungs - located on the site. ly already strarted as industrial transfer) for solution. Bataysk, Aksay, Azov & Chaltyr. works are made in a hurry without a proper strategy.
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— It stated that the project of amend-

ments for general plan of Rostov will
— Development of elite housing on water — Development of housing on water in
Kumzhenskiy area
— Revealing of the city centre heritage
from unregulated external advertising
(!!!) in Kumzhenskiy area
be made till the mid-2015. The City and uncompetent reconstruction
Hall is open for new proposals and
is looking for alternative decisions in — Housing in the agglomeration of «Big — Development on the left bank of the
— Redevelopment of former brownfields
Rostov» Don river where the production was transferred
many city questions.

— Development of high-rise accents for
—
out to the left side of the Don river
Redevelopment of shabby slum terri-
city panorama shaping
- Restoration of dilapidated housing tories with the preservation of original
and communal services — Development within «Big Rostov» urban grid.
- Choosing of the city development agglomeration
vector
- City image

— Transport connection with the agglom-

eration
— Arrangement of events on urban and
related themes & citizens activization
— Ecology of Temernik and other water
basins
— Shaping of the city panorama
— Transport connection with the new — Arrangement of activities & touristic — Development of river embankments — City image
residential districts programs in the city centre (Don;Temernik; Mertviy Donec)
— — — Adequate policy for heritage preserva-

Arrangement of bicycle infrastructure
and pedestrian connections in the city
Cleaning of the heritage from informa-
tional noise
— Development of city public places for tion & reconstruction
swimming
centre
— Alternative to subway or the strategy of

— Preserving access of the Paramonov
Warehouses
effective subway launch
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KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

ttp://rostov-gorod.ru/eng/
City-news portal
ttp://161.ru/
Official blog about city-life

http://blogrostova.ru/
VLADIMIR SERGEY
GEYER GORBAN’
The Chief Architect of Mayor of

Rostov-on-Don Rostov-on-Don

JCS «AZOVO-DONSKAYA DEVELOPERSKAYA KOMPANIYA»
http://a-ddc.ru/company.php
JCS «NEDVIZHIMOST»
http://rostov-na-donu.cataloxy.ru/firms/www.t-p-s.ru.htm
VASILIY MIKHAIL DIANA JURIY

GRINENKO VEKLENKO KARNAUKHOVA KORUSHEV JCS «DONSTROY»
http://donstroy.biz/
famous industrial city-places organizator of «Urban Factory organizator of «Urban Factory organizator of eco-events
researcher, blogger, roofer Rostov» festival and project Rostov» festival and project in the city
https://vk.com/urbanrostov https://www.facebook.com/urbanfactory. https://www.facebook.com/urbanfactory.
rostov rostov
2018 FIFA World Cup Russia

http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/destination/cities/city=35247/index.html
ARTHUR ALEXANDER JURIY VLADIMIR

TOKAREV VODYANIK TRUKHACHOV KOZLOV
The chief architect of director of the head of Trukhachov main expert of

«Olimpstroy» construction Ecological resoures Urban Planning Centre «EXPERT-YUG» magazine
http://urgc.info/en/
company Sceintific Centre
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GENIUS LOCI
«...city, warmed by the faith
of the Grey Dogs »
Kasta – «Rostov-papa»
Rostov-on-Don is a special Russian city, almost unknown, but

overgrown with a variety of informal titles and legends. At the
same time it remains in shadows; however, not claiming for the
title of the third / fourth / fifth capital.
Without any steady appearance, the city has a complicated and
contradictory internal image. Southern city of mild climate and
harsh character. Standing on the river, the city is a seaport. «It
doesn’t matter who you are, it is important what you can offer,» –
say the citizens; as well as Rostov says itself – like a deep-rooted
mafioso – offering access to five seas, cargo, trade, machinery,
money, big money and great deals.
The city was badly destroyed during the WWII, so the repartition of
the world began in Rostov with the end of the war. In appearance
it led to city image change from pre-Revolution merchant to Soviet
modernistic one; internally – to redistribution of authorities, where
all the vibrant life happens in which not everybody will be dedi-
cated to, but which is legendary all over Russia. During the day
the city sleeps, as it should be ready for the evening gathering.
Criminal romance, no more! Rostov - is Odessa, where not the
Jews, but more rigid, patriarchal and direct by nature Cossacks
came. Most citizens say that the city is chthonian, sleepy, slow
as a sprawl of crabs in the shallow backwater of the river. As an
ancient proverb warned not to trust the quiet slough, one shouldn’t
draw hasty conclusions about Rostov. Try to solve the mystery
and ambiguity of this sternly romantic southern city, as numerous
poets, filmmakers, and musicians in particular often attempt to do.
And maybe it can stir up to the dynamics of San Francisco, but
this town is just like for the slow pace with the sleepy, antique arro-
gance and “Tikhiy Don”. The city is beloved with faithful Cossack’s,
southerly passionate, thievish love (in case it is not a legend, and
such a kind of love really exists).
Don Carleone as a symbol of Rostov-on-Don genius loci. Although

the city lacks losk - it has the similar character
Image source: http://rak-sha.ru/
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CITY PROFILE
23
38
km
to
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sb
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to
SOCHI
M
os
co
w
RESORT CAPITAL
SUMMER CAPITAL
PEARL OF THE BLACK SEA
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI
RESUME
Sochi - a pearl of the Caucasus and the largest resort of the
Russian Federation, which stretches for 145 kilometers along
the Black Sea coast. This is one of the sunniest places in
Russia, where the holiday season lasts 200 days a year.
After the end of the Russian-Turkish war in the territory of the
northern Black Sea coast, it was ceded to Russia, where a system
of coastal fortifications was constructed to protect the border.
That’s when the history of the city of Sochi had started. At the
end of XIX - early XX century, Sochi had started to develop as a
resort. It was planned by the best architects of the Soviet Union:
Ginsburg, Zholtovsky, Vesnin brothers, Samoilov. The city was
created as an amphitheater divided into two - upper and lower
parts with Kurortniy prospect. The city was facing the sea by a half
ring so that sea and mountains could be seen from any point.
Special pride of Sochi is its parks - «Dendrariy», «Riviera», sub-
tropical flora park in Khostа, «Sluchainost» in Adler. It is also worth
noting that Sochi is one of the few resorts in the world, located in
protected conservation areas. Geographical and climatic location
of the city is indispensable for the Russian science. Russia’s only
subtropical actively used as a base for scientific research in the
field of botanics, medicine, health resorts and seaside building.
Today the basis of Sochi economy is tourism and leisure (mainly
on the Russian domestic market). Along the coast of the Big
Sochi are numerous hotels, pensions, health centers, rest homes,
hospitals and health resorts. Food industry and manufacturing are
the main and the only industry in the city. In the suburbs of Sochi
agriculture is widespread, especially horticulture, cultivation of tea,
citrus, heat-loving crops such as pineapple guava, loquat, kiwi;
decorative subtropical flor, cork oak. The city is actively built-
up with offices and shopping malls. In 2012, Forbes magazine
recognized Sochi as the best city for doing business in Russia.
The city hosts a variety of important events: film festival
«Kinotavr»; Theatre Festival «Sochi Velvet Season»; fash-
ion festivals, organ and jazz; «KVN Summer Cup», Billiard
World Championship; International cycling race, regattas
and rallies; Mountain Bike championship of Russia.
An important landmark in the history and point of growth for Sochi
became a right to host the XXI Winter Olympic Games in 2014.
Panorama on the Black sea and Sochi seaport

Image source: «Eto Sochi, detka» vkontakte web-community
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI
CITY STRUCTURE
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI
GENERAL INFO
the largest resort city in 1,9 mln people
Russia Polycentric, largely hidden (most agglomeration is settlements).
SIZE The story of the Sochi monocentric agglomeration opened with the
accession of Hostinsky administrative district to the city of Sochi.
176,77 km2
POPULATION
399 673
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT
Sochi
International Airport
GOLOVINKA
seven railway stations:

LAZAREVSKIY
Sochi, Adler, Lazarevskoe,
KRASNAYA POLYANA
Khosta, Olympic Park, LOO
Krasnaya Polyana, Loo.
DAGOMYS
The international passenger

seaport
Sea cargo port
CLIMATE
HOSTA
Humid subtropics
+23,6 °C
ADLER
+6,0 °C
FOUNDED IN
HOSTA LOO KRASNAYA POLYANA DAGOMYS
1838 Municipal formation re- Resort districts of the Centre of skiing and Resort
sort city town of Sochi, sanatori- snowboarding Pension and health
um “Magadan” complex “Olympic Dag-
Mountaineering omys”
city boundary of 1913 ADLER LAZAREVSKIY GOLOVINKA

One of the largest resort Resort districts
City resort and recreation centre s
city boundary of 1985 of the Black Sea
Seaport “Sochi Imereti”
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI
Sochi is a city where historical core,

CITY STRUCTURE soviet and postsoviet development
merge together forming a unique cha-
HISTORICAL PART
otic and at the same time integrated
The historical core (of 1838 to 1909) image.
is small and was formed by summer
villas drawned in greenery.Later the
city was developed as a Soviet re-
sort with wide streets and individual
soviet architecture.
INDUSTRIAL BELT
Sochi is absolutely not an industrial

city with only food and agriculture
production. So the presence of in-
dustrial zones is minimal exept the
browfields formed by railways.
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
Residential areas are half soviet

half individual cottages, but even
the soviet block have a kind of
«southern» manner here.
WATERFRONT
Sea waterfront of Sochi is its «lac-

tating mother» and is used as a
*
port, promenade and, of course,
as a beach. But the city stands on
*
river Soch as well, the waterfront of
which is equipped but empty.
* SPECIAL SITES
Sochi arboretum («Dendrariy») Sochi seaport

and cableway
5 KM
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI
« An amazing phenomenon of Sochi is that

CITY TRAITS different city areas are located in different cli-
matic zones. While in the coastal areas one
can still sunbathe and swim in the sea, in the
northern city part one can already ski and play
snowballs » Roman, economist
RESORT MACESTA CITY FROM CINEMA OLYMPICS VILLAS «KVN» CULTURE

CITY & «KINOTAVR» CITY & FESTIVALS
«Each Soviet citizen at least once rested in Matsestinsky resort - the largest medical The city is a legendary venue for shooting The city held XXI Winter Olympics in 2014. Sochi was also a place for priveleged «KVN» - is a popular Russian games close
Sochi» said the famous quote. Sochi was spa complex of Russia on medicinal sulfur- domestic (Soviet and Russian) films. The For that purpose a large sport complexes resort, where famous figures preferred to the spirit of comic Stand-Ups. Sochi is
visioned and developed as a Soviet resort ous springs with unique methods of treat- most prestigious cinema festival «Kino- were built in Adler and Krasnaya Polyana to built «dachas» (or villas). Among the famous for its comedy teams and as a
Heaven - Garden city - with the best hotels, ment using Matsesta baths. tavr» is held here in Sochi. regions. most known are J. Stalin, manufacturer place for Summer Cup of «KVN».
architecture, plants and landscape design. N.Mamontov and songstress V.Barsova.
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI
SOCHI — A SOVIET IMAGE FOR «GARDENS OF EDEN»
Sochi resort at the Soviet period

Image source: http://bump.ru/page/adaptive/id361776/blog/3041218
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI
CURRENT PROJECTS
UNIQUE
1 Recreational theme park Built to the Sochi Olympic games, «Soch-
«Sochi park» park» is the only theme park on the Black
sea in Russia. The park is situated in Adler
near Olympic park and have all necessary
Developer: «Sochi park» infrastructure on its terriory, so that it hardly
Project/ realisation: 2012/2014 interacts with the surrounding environment.
http://sochipark.ru
TYPICAL Apartment complex The coastline of the city is being actively

2 «Actor Galaxy» developed now with multistorey hotels and
apartments of premium-class (e.g. «Hyatt»
or else). 26-storey multifunctional complex
Architecture: SPEECH «Actor Galaxy» was built on of the territory
Project/ realisation: 2012/2013 of the former soviet sanatorium «Actor».
TYPICAL
3 Residential complex Low-rise apartaments of business class.
«Romanovsky»
Architecture: Ltd. “Sochi Housing and Con-

struction Company”
http://www.vestum.ru
TYPICAL
4 Apartaments Apartament complex «Santorini club» set a
«Santorini Club» rare for new projects of Sochi example of a
blurred into the city landscape architecture.
Architecture: “Creative Workshop Lozinski

and partners”
http://arch-sochi.ru
TYPICAL
5 Residential complex Typical economy-class residential project.
«123»
Architecture: ZAO “Universal”

http://www.sochi123a.ru/zhiloj-kompleks
TYPICAL
6 Residential complex Surprisingly, in the small town of Sochi,
there is a tendency for the construction of
«5 islands»
high-rise apartments of any class. In com-
bination with a relief such a development
Architecture: changes the city look quickly.
“Siberian Construction Company”
http://www.sochiksk.com/teatralniy-37.html
5 KM
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI
HOT TOPICS
« The most burning issue
facing the city is a
re-utilization of the so-called
«Olympic legacy». This
question consists of plurality
ones... It was important to
hold the maximum quality of
the event. And now please
tell us, dear gentlemen
urbanists, what to do next »
Roman Fisenko, urban studies expert
Olympic legacy condition after the Games 2014

Image source: http://varlamov.ru/1269721.html
Olympic legacy condition after the Games 2014 Olympic legacy condition after the Games 2014
http://varlamov.ru/1269721.html Image source: http://varlamov.ru/1269721.html
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI

Railway and highway
along the coast
Rapid blocking
of housing
« It’s no secret that investment
forums began to be held here, and
There is a railway road running along a big part of a Sochi was visioned as a pure resort city combining therefore a variety of world-class
coast, influencing attractiveness of these zones as a advantages of mountain spirituality of Switzerland
resort ones. The same situation with an automobile and bliss of French Riviera. The best soviet architects discussions, including those on
highway connecting Sochi centre with Krasnodar runs worked for creation of the city image. It had two levels
through almost all the Lazarev district close to the called amphitheaters, which creates a complicated sky- urban issues. There are plenty of
housing, which reduces the capacity of the road and
creates environmental problems for many residents.
line. Postsoviet development destroys the initial image
and raised the need to rethink the image of the city. architectural competitions. After
the Olympic Games the theme
of its transformation has been
intensified »
Svetlana, «MK» correspondent
Development of Lack of personnel for Life with

non-touristic sectors international class resort the lack of strategy
What can the city be about exept the summer resort Looking at the perspective of international class tour-
season? After the intensive stimulation of infrastructure ism & service development, it is necessary to think City lived without the General Plan almost 20 years , which naturally fore, it is assumed that the work will be carried out fragmentary, as
the city now has a great opportunity to develop other about nurturing of personnel with appropriate level of had a negative impact on its infrastructure. And in 2009, the the approval of exact planning projects, primarily the central part of
sectors of its economy. skills and culture. Or import of such a staff from other new General Plan was created. However, due to intensive events Centralniy, Adler and Lazarev areas.
cities. Both of these decisions cause a number of stra- within the city it is already obsolete. There is no planned budget in The coming up city news and hot topics fully reflect selected «strat-
tegical tasks to be solved. the city for working on the changes in General Plan 2009. There- egy»: issues are addressed not strategically but upon receipt.
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI

— The situation with Sochi is now mon-

itored by federal Government, but is
— Housing in the agglomeration of — Development of non-touristic clusters — Removal and redevelopment of need-
less land (parking plots, lawns, ...) after
«Bolshoy Sochi» along the coast
still not solved. The time has come for Olympics
choosing the strategy of «post-Olym-
— Elite housing development & housing — Development of satellite cities within
— Redevelopment of decaying soviet
pic» Sochi development. the «Bolshoy Sochi» architectural heritage
typologies differentiation
– Villas (Dachas)
Necessary problems to be solved: – Penthouses
- Integration of Olympic legacy into the – Long-stay apartaments
city infrastructure and economy
- Development of resort of International
level
- City image urban policy
- Development of non-touristic sectors
of economy

— Transport connection along the coastal

agglomeration
— Arrangement of training for internation-
al class service personnel
— Development of Sochi river embank-
ments
— Reinventing of the city development im-
age, skyline and architectural idea
— Arrangement of bicycle infrastructure — Filling of empty olympic objects with — Modernization and verification of sea
functions: coast zones
– «Gorky Gorod» (ski-resort)
— Railways on the coast? – Olympic park — Railway-along-the-coast problem
– Stadium «Fisht» solution
— Affordable means of transport (How to
sustain an expensive means of Olympic
– Hotel Complex «Barkhatnye Sezony»
– Adler-Arena
transport) – Media-centre , etc.
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI
KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

http://sochiadm.ru/en/
Online magazine of local architecture and realty

http://arch-sochi.ru/
City-news portal
http://www.sochi-express.ru/
ANATOLIY
PAKHOMOV
Official blog about city-life
http://blogsochi.ru/
Mayor of
Sochi

NAO «CENTRE -OMEGA»
http://www.centre -omega.ru/
MIKHAIL ARTYOM MADINA

KRAVCHENKO GURDZHYAN SUYUNOVA
administrator of bicycle club art-director for events director of 3D modelling workshops

«Double Wheel» of Sochi in bar «Juan Ivanich» «PROTOBIONICS | SOCHI»
https://vk.com/doublewheel https://vk.com/protobionics
Computational design workshop «SPOTCAMP SOCHI 2014»

http://2014.spotcamp.org/
Workshop on Computer Design and 3D-prototyping PROTOBIONICS | SOCHI

https://vk.com/protobionics
-
OLEG A. OLEG F. XIII International Building Forum «SOCHI-BUILD»
KHARCHENKO KOZINSKIY http://www.sochi-expo.ru/?part=show&id=326
The chief architect of «Olimp- Honoured architect

stroy» construction company of Russia
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CITY PROFILE SOCHI
GENIUS LOCI
Sochi – is a testing ground for the construction of Dreams. It is
a city of Big projects. If we assume that each city has its own
destiny, then Sochi’s fate is similar to the fate of great genius’ wife.
Forgetting herself (no matter how clever and beautiful she is), she
lives to support someone Genius, not for the sake of his great
ideas, but for him. To encourage him, being a muse and a rear.
This is the power – this is the weakness. Sochi is not so much
for people…. No! It is for «ideal people» from the «ideal world».
Sochi dresses up in images of Soviet or Russian vision of
Paradise, each time becoming a muse for the whole country.
This resort heals not the body, but the soul of Russian people
by the embodied great ideas. Because our souls much more
often suffer not from a lack of sea and sand, but from a lack of
great meaning and vision for future. Therefore, from this point
of view, it suits Sochi to wear dresses of excessive scale.
Naturally, any great idea has a downside, like any dress has
one. Here it is visible by naked eye. On the background of sea,
sun and palm trees great ideas look dramatically and with an
anguish, so that one could wonder why they bother to build
an utopian paradise, if nature has created it here naturally?
But this question should be addressed not to the
wife, but to the genius. Such is the fate.
Lenin monument in subtropical palms as a symbol

of Sochi character
Image source: «Eto Sochi, detka» vkontakte web-community
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CITY PROFILE
rg
bu
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NIZHNIY NOVGOROD
«GORKIY»
CAPITAL OF VOLGA REGION
POCKET OF RUSSIA
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CITY PROFILE NIZHNIY NOVGOROD
RESUME
The story of the city of Nizhniy Novgorod started in
1221. The city was growing and developing on the west
side of the Volga river, at it’s picturesque confluence
with the Oka river on a high coast of Dyatlov Hills.
With the largest Nizhny Novgorod Fair inauguration in 1822
the city started to become a center of nationwide merchantry,
and by the early 20th century had become the main city of
national and international trade. Since the Soviet period the
Fair was closed, and the city’s economy began to develop in
the direction of industry. The city of Gorky (named at that time
in honour of famous writer Maxim Gorky, born in the city) be-
came one of the largest All-Soviet Union industrial centers, with
the leading role of automotive and shipbuilding enterprises.
Because of strategically important defense enterprises lo-
cated here, the city was closed to foreigners from 1959 to
1991. Up to now, the leading industry of Nizhny Novgorod is
mainly oriented towards transportation (auto industry, ship-
building, diesel engines, aircraft manufacture, and machine
tools) with the largest «Gorky Automobile Plant» (or «GAZ»),
famous for its iconic car models of «VOLGA», «OKA» and
«GAZIELLE». Nizhny Novgorod is one the centre of the IT
Industry in Russia. It ranks among the leading Russian cities
in terms of the quantity of software R&D providers. «Intel» has
a big software R&D center and major datacenter in the city.
The city is one of the largest historical and cultural centers of
Russia as well. There are more than 600 unique historic, ar-
chitectural and cultural monuments. With the events such as
Marevo Opera, 2013 National Centre of Contemporary Arts
of NN has shown itself to be a driver of artistic innovation and
creative modernity in the region. What’s unique to Nizhniy
Novgorod is creative citizen activity, represented by DIY culture
(led by pay-per-minute cafes and “third places”, that play host
to film screenings, poetry slams, lectures and other), street art
actions (in bed of historical heritage preservation); there are
also many architectural festivals and competitions led by local
universities, activists and city’s patrons (such as M.Ignatushko).
Panorama view on Oka river

Image source: «Tipichniy Nizhniy Novgorod» vkontakte web-community
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GENERAL INFO
Administrative 2 088 088 people
centre The agglomeration of Nizhniy Novgorod is one of the biggest Rus-
SIZE sian agglomerations. It has an industrial character and is represent-
ed by automobile, glass, chemical, petrochemical, pulp and paper
411 km2 branches as well as shipbulding, defense-industrial sector and
information technologies and telecommunications production.
There is a remote possibility for attachment of the adjacent territory
of Bor for new office&residential district «Gorod bydyshego» [City
POPULATION of the Future] building.
1 250 615
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT
Strigino GORODETZ
Airport
ZAVOLZHIE
NN Moskovskiy BALAKHNA
NN Sortirovochniy
BOR
Passenger
river harbour DZERZHINSK
KSTOVO
CLIMATE BOGORODSK OiL
19o C PAVLOVO
o
-9 C
FOUNDED IN
1221
BOR DZERZHINSK BOGORODSK ZAVOLZHIE
Glass industry (for car Chemical industry, Historical tourism, Motor production
windows & glassware) plastic & rubber materials
production Leather and garment
city boundary of 1883 manufacture
KSTOVO BALAKHNA PAVLOVO GORODETZ
Pulp & paper production, Shipbuilding,
city boundary of 1929 OiL Fuel industry Mini-bus production
Bus production Artistic crafts,
city boundary of 2015 Historical tourism
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CITY STRUCTURE
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CITY STRUCTURE
HISTORICAL PART
Central core was formed around an

ancient Kremlin and was re-planned
with radial regular grid and accord-
ing to the relief. The historic centre
also includes Nizhegorodskaya fair.
INDUSTRIAL BELT
As Nizhniy Novgorod was rich trade

city in Russian Empire and a large
industrial centre during USSR,
there are both large soviet panel
plants and red-brick manufactures
situated here.
* *
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
In Soviet times Nizhniy Novgorod

grew as an ideal social city. There
were several big plants around
which regular modernistic residen-
tial microrayons were formed.
WATERFRONT
The city lies only on one high-coast

side of Volga River, so that the wa-
terfront is contrasting.The coast
relief of Volga and Oka Rivers is
outstandingly high-graded.
* SPECIAL SITES
5km
Chkalovskaya stair & Kremlin Walking Bridge over Uspenskiy

coomb
5 KM
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« Nizhniy Novgorod is an optimal town as it

CITY TRAITS keeps balance between metropolitan bustle
and provincial tranquility »
Maria, architect
DYATLOVY SHUKHOV TOWERS MAXIM GORKIY NIZHEGORODSKAYA «VOLGA» STREETART

GORY PLACE HOME FAIR CAR ACTIONS
The city was founded on Dyatlovy Gory Russian engineer Vladimir Shukhov made Nizhniy Novgorod is a motherland of fa- Nizhegorodskaya Fair, located on left side The most prestigious, comfortable and There is a rise of different artistic activity
(literally - «Woodpecker’s Mountains») - a many of his famous towers in Nizhniy Nov- mous soviet writer Maxim Gorkiy. From of the Oka river, was a great urban complex well-designed car named «Volga» ador- in the city. But an outstanding phenome-
high coast of the Volga river, which creates gorod region, including the first one for the 1932 to 1990 the city was named «Gorky» for trade&expo in Russian Empire. Due to able by all the USSR, was presented by non are street art actions in defense of the
a picturesque city landscape and skyline. Expo,1896. Most of them are destoyed. in honour of the writer. the Fair NN is called «Pocket of Russia» «GAZ» motors factory in Nizhniy Novgorod decaying architectural heritage of Nizhniy.
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CURRENT PROJECTS
UNIQUE
1 Complex waterfront Creation of a continuous recreational pe-
destrian space in historical part of Nizhny
reconstruction
Novgorod. It is assumed to divide transport
and pedestrian flows using underground
Architecture: NizhegorodgrazhdanNIIproekt space, to run light rail and cable cars, cre-
Project/ realisation: 2013/2020 ate underground parking. The project is
http://progorodnn.ru/news/view/82056
remarkable for the urban development in
the city.
There is a lively construction in the centre

TYPICAL
2 The building of the
Nizhny Novgorod of Nizhniy Novgorod. Regional court build-
ing - is an example of dotty, but good qual-
regional court ity development.
Architecture: Architectural bureau “A.LEN”
Project/ realisation: 2013
As stated by the authors, the project in-

UNIQUE
3 Smart city
cludes best solutions for the urban space
«Novinki»
(smart technologies and planning, eco
transport…), but at the same time it forms a
Architecture: Company KVARTSTROY NN huge(1 mln sq meters of housing) satellite
Project/ realisation: 2014/2015 city 2.5 km away from Nizhny Novgorod.
http://kvartstroy.ru/nn/novinki
For the construction of a new stadium a

UNIQUE
4 Football stadium
symbolic place of Oka and Volga conflu-
«Nizhny Novgorod»
ence (“Strelka”) was chosen. This place
was of a former port, so it could be rec-
Architecture: “Stroytransgaz”
ognized as a successful redevelopment
Project/ realisation: 2014/2018 project. The stadium complex is assumed
http://xn--2018-94d9anja5l.xn--p1ai/ to become the new symbol of the city.
Reconstruction of 4 springboards is part of

UNIQUE
5 Complex of jumps
a master plan for Grebnoy channel devel-
opment. The most of the sporting facilities
of the complex was built in the 50s and
Architecture: Assael Architecture, Careyjones since then has not been reconstructed.
Architects LTD and Wilkinson Eyre Architects The renovation will bring the complex to
http://www.domostroynn.ru/?id=63387 FIS standarts and provide the basis for
major international competitions.
This residential project is remarkable for its

UNIQUE
6 Dwelling house on the
urban planning solution. The project com-
street «Chernigova» bines open and closed public, private and
semi-private spaces, so that it cooperates
with the surrounding city environment. A
Architecture: “TMA Nikishin VV”
Project/ realisation: 2014/2015 positive example for Nizhniy Novgorod
http://www.domostroynn.ru/?id=71551 residential development.
5 KM
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HOT TOPICS
« Majority of urban Parking in the
centre
Traffic
collapse
studies specialists agree
on the fact that there is Due to narrow streets, old-fashioned planning system and Althought there were some actions done to fix the sit-
uation, traffic jams is still a serious problem in Nizhniy
no concept of Nizhny no current urban strategy there is a great problem of park-
ing in the historical centre. Novgorod. There is no bypass highway for the city, so
all the cargo traffic passes through the city. Special traf-
Novgorod development. fic problems occure on bridges, connecting the down-
Today we don’t know how town and residential districts of NN and adjacent town
Bor.
many shopping malls,
kindergartens and schools
the city needs. We still
haven’t produced such
calculations »
Sergey Voronov, ex-vice president of
Nizhegorodskaya oblast
Heritage Dotty chaotic Backlog demand on cultural events Ecology &

decay & demolition development & places sustainability
Perhaps a visit card of the city is a view of decayng Another usual sight of Nizhniy Novgorod is a sight of a Nizhniy Novgorod is a strong cultural and activity centre. Nizhny Novgorod, as a large industrial centre , has a
historical (especially wooden art-nouveau) houses. modern high-rise building constructed near an old, de- There are 35 universities in the city (7th place in Russia). high level of air pollution related to emissions from mo-
The historical fund has been demolished rather than caying low-rise historical house. The current development As was mentioned by our respondents, the supply of cul- tor transport (83%) and industrial facilities. The city is
restored and re-developed. There are some actions in tends to continue the chaotic unsystematic «construction tural events, art-platforms and creative spaces is insuffi- surrounded by industrial centre s with large volumes of
support of saving heritage (such as streetart). boom» of 1990-s – 2000s. cient for such an active demand. emissions. The Volga and Oka rivers within the city-bor-
ders are characterised as high-polluted. The problem of
garbage utilizing is also an urgent one.
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Unefficient intermodality
of transport means
Soviet «ideal microrayons»
heritage
«There should be a
development strategy for
NN is one of a few cities which try to develop different Current residential areas of Nizhniy Novgorod are typi- Nizhniy Novgorod on the
means of public transport, including watertransport. But cal Soviet microrayons, which are still called «SotzGo-
attempts are non-systemic: the level of intermodality is rod I», «SotzGorod II», etc. These districts of Avtoza- period till 2030»
quite low, transport system remains unefficient and un- vodskiy district are another sight of Nizhniy Novgorod,
comfortable. The reason firstly is a unconsidered inter- which remains both underevaluated and badly main- Vladimir Privalov,
modality and timetable non-compliance. tained now. ex-Deputy Chief of Сity Administration
Frozen construction on Nizhnev- How to create Where is «Yuzhniy & Severniy

olzhskaya Embankment a stable dialog? the strategy-2030? obkhod»
The plot was rented for shopping centre construction, The city strategy still doesn’t take local interests & cit- The city municipality of Nizhniy Novgorod recruited an The government plan the construction of the bypass
but after the change of the government the construc¬- izen opinion into account. On the other side there is a «Urban Economics Institute» for the project of «NN de- ringroad around the city to relax the current traffic. The
tion was banned for future development pf the territory great social and citizen activity in the city around actual velopment till 2030» designing, but the compa¬ny didn’t construction process is divided on 2 parts: Northern and
for a public use and water transport development. The problems. There is an official site for collective petitions complete the work on time, thus it can’t be financed now. Southern ones. The Northern part is now under way,
litigation still continues. The blue fence of the plot has from citizens to the city hall, but interests are still don’t The government is now seeking for an¬other contractor and is planned to be completed till the end of 2015.
become a city legend and a symbol of NN, there are reconciled. to complete the work.
even plans to establish a «memorial for blue fence».
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— The newest update of the strategic

plan of Nizhniy Novgorod is frozen by
— Housing in the agglomeration of Nizh- — Development of sustainable industries — Redevelopment of the decaying wood-
en Art Nouveau architectural heritage
niy Novgorod
the fault of an executive side, that’s
why the creation of the plan is going to
— Elite housing development & housin ty- — Development of satellite cities within — Redevelopment of the soviet
be delivered to the other bureau. So the agglomeration architectural heritage
pologies differentiation
— —
right now there is a chance for some
qualitative changes! Recreation and cultural platforms within Redevelopment of several former man-
the existing (soviet) districts ufactures in the centre (e.g. flour mill)
- Architectural heritage fast decaying
— Redevelopment of industry with sus-
tainable technologies
- Ecology
- Preservation of the city compactness
- Traffic problems

— Integration of water transport and cable

way into the transport system
— Creation of a city communication
platform
— Ecology of the rivers — Architectural heritage preservation
— Transport policy (traffic prblems — Any cultural events arrangement are — Development of Grebnoy Channel — Principles of development reation
solution) demanded
— — Parking policy
— Recultivation-of-the-environmen pro- — Development of water transport
grams for the existing residential dis-
— Parking policy in the centre tricts (like DIY or something).
— Development of a strategy for a left
— Nizhnevolzhskaya embankment con-
struction revival
side of Volga development!!

glomeration
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KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

http://www.admgor.nnov.ru/en/
Portal about city development

http://www.domostroynn.ru/plan_razvitiya_Nijnego_Novgoroda.html
City general plan

OLEG http://www.admgor.nnov.ru/gorod/gradostroitelstvo/generalniy-plan-goroda-nizh-
SOROKIN nego-novgoroda/
Mayor of Non-official citizen complaint book

Nizhniy Novgorog http://imhonn.ru/

Developer company «KVARTSTROY NN»
http://kvartstroy.ru/nn
Construction holding «ZHILSTROY»

http://www.zhilstroy.nnov.ru/
Construction company «Avtoban»

NIKITA LEONID NATALIA http://www.dinastiya.nn.ru/
NOMERZ YAKUNIN MIRONCHENKO
famous for his «Living walls» project activist of the cycling movement of director of architectural city-trans-
street art artist Nizhniy Novgorod formation movement «O’Gorod»
http://www.nomerz.com/ http://www.ogrd.org/
Festival of new culture «ART-OVRAG»

http://street-art-ovrag.ru/
Architectural festival «O’GOROD»

http://www.ogrd.org/
EVGENY MARINA
STRELKOV IGNATUSHKO
Local studies expert of Volga Architectural critic, city events

River, eko-artist, art-curator, and competitions initiator
museum planner
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GENIUS LOCI
Have you ever heard about Russian character «Ostap Bender»
by soviet writers Ilf and Petrov? The closest analogue to such
a character is Jeff Piters aka «Gentle Grafter» by O.Henry.
Extremely active, full of ideas (how to steal and sale) and humor
these chevaliers of fortune are constantly arranging some
«grandioso projects» striking, encouraging and finally tricking
all the spectators. Despite the first impression, they are not the
hunters for a result. Their main goal is an enjoying life on a noble
scale (why not?), delight of a process, and playing with its absurd.
They are able to turn any problem into a farce, any opportunity -
into a carousel.
Why we are telling about that? Maybe since Nizhniy Novgorod
was a center of merchants (certified cheats!) or located close to
Moscow or something else, but the city seems to have the same
character. With a high level of initiatives, theatrical humor (in
projects and details as well) and bubbling activity the city is able
to turn a problem of architecture decay into beautiful street-art
campaigns, a project of a new district - into «Manhattan-on-Volga»
(of course it won’t be realized reviving Ostap Bender’s heyday:), a
new terrace embankment they called «Switzerland» and engage
the memorial to a hated blue construction fence (around a frozen
construction site).
We recommend you to look at all the processes with humor,
project in style, think in scale and keep eyes open in Nizhniy
Novgorod!
Archil Gomiashvili in the role of Ostap Bender –

the character symbol of Nizhniy Novgorod
Image source: http://ruwest.ru/upload/iblock/
ca6/ca687f3400358660a30b053c08f37a6b.jpg
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CITY PROFILE
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KAZAN
THIRD CAPITAL OF RUSSIA (С)
SPORT CAPITAL
CAPITAL OF TATARSTAN
TATAR: «QUAZAN»
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CITY PROFILE KAZAN
RESUME
Officially, the city started 1000 years ago as a fortress of the
Volga Bulgaria. At the time, Kazan was a part of the Golden
Horde and the Kazan Khanate. In 1552, the city was taken
by Ivan Grozniy, and from then on begins the story of the city
in the Russian Empire. With the capture of the city, most of
it was destroyed, and converted to Christianity Tatars were
relocated to the marshy shores of Lake Kaban. Kazan became
a city of two cultures and two religions, living side-by-side.
In 1804 the University of Kazan - the third in Russia - has secured
the status of the city of a large scientific centre, which it retains to
this day. Now Kazan trained more than 140 thousand students.
Kazan is a large transport and logistics centre, thereby
providing major international events. In 2015, the city
hosted the Championship of water sports, in 2013
the city hosted the World University Games.
Industrial base of the city constitute the engineering, chemical
and petrochemical industry, light and food industries.
Among the largest enterprises of Kazan stand scale
chemical complex Kazanorgsintez, the oldest in Russia,
Kazan gunpowder factory, and is unique in the cluster of
three Russian aviation industries – aircraft manufacturing
plants Capo KHP helicopter industry and engine KMPO.
In recent years innovative industries are developing here, including
Russia’s largest IT park and a satellite IT-town «Innopolis».
View on main city sites from Bulak channel

Image source: http://photo-kazan.livejournal.com
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CITY PROFILE KAZAN
GENERAL INFO
the capital of the 1,6 mln people
Republic of Tatarstan It is the largest urban agglomeration in the Republic of Tatarstan,
SIZE located in the northwest of the region, mainly on the left bank of the
Volga River. Agglomeration has a monocentric character, includes
515,8 km2 the cities of Kazan and Zelenodolsk and 6 municipal districts.
POPULATION
1 205 651
BOLSHAYA ATNYA
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT
International airport
“Kazan” ZVENIGOVO
VYSOKAYA GORA
Кailway stations VOLZHSK
Kazan-1
Kazan-2 PESTRETSY
ZELENODOLSK
River port INNOPOLIS KAZAN
River station
VERHNIY USLON
CLIMATE
Moderate Continental
+20 °C LAISHEVO
−10 °C
FOUNDED IN
ZELENODOLSK VERHNIY USLON VYSOKAYA GORA BOLSHAYA ATNYA
1005 Engineering centre Publisher of the
INNOPOLIS KAZAN LAISHEVO
Main companies: JSC “Airport regional newspaper Agriculture
Tolmachevo”, OJSC “Airline “Vysokogorskie vesti”
Siberia”. Science City
city boundary of 1730 VOLZHSK ZVENIGOVO PESTRETSY

Engineering centre Shipyard Agriculture
Mari Pulp and Paper
city boundary of 1946 Mill (“Marbumkombi- Many well-appointed
Pottery
nat”) - one of the largest beaches along the coast
city boundary of 2015 enterprises in Russia. of the Volga River
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CITY PROFILE KAZAN
CITY STRUCTURE
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CITY PROFILE KAZAN
CITY STRUCTURE
HISTORICAL PART
The historic centre is formed around

the fortress - the Kazan Kremlin,
on the banks of the river Kazanka.
Historical and modern centre s con-
centrated in the pedestrian streets
of Petersburg and Bauman.
INDUSTRIAL BELT
Kazan Master Plan up to 2020 is

provided to make industrial compa-
nies from several areas of the city.
So, the priority should be the recon-
*
struction of the historic centre .
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
As everywhere. More areas are

in the north and Sotsgorod Azino,
*
post-Soviet period in the east. Also,
a lot of villages included in the city.
WATERFRONT
The territory of the city is charac-

terized by a very high proportion
of water surfaces. Volga, Kazanka
(including old bed), a chain of lakes
Kaban Lake Bulak.
* SPECIAL SITES
White Mosque and Gorodische Island Grad Sviyazhsk

5 KM
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CITY PROFILE KAZAN
« Kazan - Capital of Culture! This is East and

CITY TRAITS West! It is Europe and Asia! »
Lily, philologist
A CITY OF TWO 1000 YEAR TATAR NURIEYEV & SUMMER «RUSSIAN CAPITAL
CULTURES OLD CITY CUISINE CHALIAPIN FESTS UNIVERSIADE 2013 OF JAZZ»
Historical coexistence of Islam and Chris- This was the 1st major event in the modern There are plenty of national restaurants Tatar Academic State Opera and Ballet Summer Universiade - World Stu- Kazan calls itself a «jazz capital» of the
tianity. Finding the Tatar republic within the history of Kazan. For such an event a plen- with Tatar atmosphere located in Kazan. Theatre. Musa Jalil is one of the largest dent-youth sporting event took place in country. It was Kazan, where in the late
Russian state allows each nation to have ty of iconic objects were built as Subway, Here the best recipes of all Tatar cuisine theaters in Russia and holds on its stage Kazan on 17 July 2013. Kazan Universia- 1940s great musicians - e.g. Oleg Lund-
equal rights. Kazan is one of the most tol- Kul-Sharif Mosque, Millennium Bridge, Tat- as Echpochmak, Elesh, Chak-chak and two international festival: ballet and opera. de has been recognized as the best in the strom - came from. Since then, the jazz
erant cities in Russia. neft Arena, a branch of the State Hermit- Gubadia are accurately kept. history of the competitions. history of the city was never interrupted.
age Museum, and Kazan millennium.
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CITY PROFILE KAZAN
CURRENT PROJECTS
UNIQUE
1 SMART City Kazan This infrastructure project of the Republic
of Tatarstan for a new investment platform
Architecture: AJM Planning & Urban Design creation for international and Russian busi-
Group, Straits Consulting Engineers, Amanah ness, scientific, educational and residential
Capital Group Limited in cooperation with the
State Unitary Enterprise “Tatinvestgrazhdan- green development. Project is one of the
proekt.” first examples of planning in accordance
http://kazansmartcity.com with the concept of “smart city” in Russia.
Innopolis – is a new satellite city near Ka-

UNIQUE
2 Innopolis Kazan
zan with the economy based on high-tech
industries. Innopolis has already earned
the title of innovation hub and attracts tal-
Architecture: RSP Architects Planners & Engi- ented young specialists from all over Rus-
neers (Singapore) sia.
http://www.innopolis.ru
Significant precedent of the city attention to

UNIQUE
3 Kaban lake system
urban environment development. An open
embankments
competition for the development of the
open competition
Kaban lake system embankments opened
Architecture: MAP Turenscape on June 18 2015. The Winner team Turen-
Competition/ realisation: 2012/ - scape is going to recieve a contract for the
http://www.kazanlakes.com/
design project of the future embankment.
“Navigator campus” includes both the

UNIQUE
4 Multifunctional
area of office space and laboratories with
robotehnopark special equipment and aims to develop
«Navigator Campus» projects in fields such as custom robotics,
3D-printing, “smart” devices, systems of
Architecture: IVAR “smart home” wearable electronics. It is
Project/ realisation: 2014/2015 significant, that the campus is located in
http://archi.ru/projects/russia soviet microrayon, becoming the attractor
point for the environment.
TYPICAL
5 Kazan Arena The stadium was built in preparation for
Universiade–2013 as one of required sport
objects, now the «Arena» is going to be re-
stored for World Cup-2018. An example of
Architecture: Company “Populous” effective use of the infrastructure heritage.
TYPICAL
6 Residential area Despite the presence of breakthrough in-
novative projects all over the city, there are
«Salavat Kupere»
still an offer of low-class housing in micro-
rayons.
Architecture: SUE “Tatinvestgrazhdanproekt”
http://salavat-kupere.ru
5 KM
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CITY PROFILE KAZAN
HOT TOPICS
«The trouble is that the most Megaevents
city
Historical
heritage
beautiful lands are either
developed as brownfields Modern urban policy is based much on mega-events and For many years the urban community calls attention to
therefore investments attraction. Highly successful ex- the city center and its architectural heritage. With 1000
or have already been perience in international competitions Kazan takes the years of the city there have been many scandals and
leading place. conflicts rising from the demolition of historic buildings,
privatized so that access to but at the moment there is a positive trend of heritage
them is limited. We need to respectance. So in 2014 the restoration of the area of

the old Tatar settlement started.
clean it up. There are big
opportunities here in Kazan,
but the problem is that all is
crystallized and all is
sliced-and-diced »
Rustam Minnikhanov,
President of Tatarstan
Low intermodality
Non-functional Interaction of Poor quality of
of public transport
public spaces society & government residential projects
The city subway opened one branch and 10 stations

In the city there are several parks, squares, internal The strength of local communities is strongly developing There is no common vector for future development of
for the Kazan millenium. Different modes of transport
territories with the function of open public spaces. How- here, so the program “Parks” is performed completely periphery, and therefore a low-quality urban environ-
are not integrated with each other, there is no common
ever,they have a poor set of events scenarios. with the involvement of local residents and public hear- ment is created here. Kazan is the leader in residential
transport policy and programs on the use of travel. A lot
ings. construction (in the Volga region), but the market has
of money for the Universiade has been invested in the
not formed a demand for architecture quality yet.
purchase of new trains trams, but at the expense of the
old rail system, they do not work effectively.
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CITY PROFILE KAZAN

Renovation of
industrial areas
Lack of
entertainment
The program
«Parks»
«Now Geneplan Institute
of Moscow is developing
As the post-Soviet and post-industrial city, Kazan in- As a rapidly developing city, Kazan has an insufficient In 2015, special attention was paid to the city urban open a Master Plan for Kazan.
herited a gray zone, as well as a huge number of empty set of entertainment and events. space. The program «Parks» was introduced, according
city areas. For the new General Plan preparation prof- to which more than 40 parks should be reconstructed. Estimated term of master
itability of transport brownfields redevelopment was However, it’s stressed that it is only 25% of all the green
calculated. areas of the city. plan is determined for 20
years with the prospect
of 30-40 years»
More information on the RBC:,
http://rt.rbc.ru/tatarstan
Touristic General plan «Big Kazan»

programs Waterfronts of Kazan project
President of the Republic of Tatarstan: «Kazan hospi- There are several large waterbasins in Kazan: at first In the near future, the city expects large-scale infrastruc- By this term is called the expansion of the territory of
tality infrastructure is gradually approaching the famous rivers Volga and Kazanka, Kaban chain of lakes, the ture and planning changes in the centre of the city in Kazan, which will consist of three elements. First of all,
tourist centers in Russia and abroad. Tatarstan is be- stream Bulak. In 2015, a competition was announced connection with the recently submitted draft plan “Centre the project «Smart City Kazan» - the biggest business
coming a more attractive place to visit. Our task - is to for the development of the concept of Kaban lake ” (Kazgrazhdanproekt) and emerging in the next 3 years centre of Kazan. The second element is «Innopolis»
make the stay of our guests interesting and comforta- embankments. It is a new phenomenon for the entire the general plan of the city. - another satellite city of Kazan, which is now actively
ble. It is important to inspire them to come back again». country. By 2016, the program will be prepared to make developing IT-technologies. The final element will be
water protection zones. Kazan itself.
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CITY PROFILE KAZAN

— The city is operating for the new

general plan, which is considered to be
— New housing is the trend. New dis-
tricts and districts appear largely in the
— Increase the level of cooperation with
the neighboring towns of the republic
— The priority for reconstruction of the
historic centre (the master plan defines
projected in 3 years. periphery of the city where detached the boundaries as follows: Volga River,
houses, residential complexes and en- — Developed road network the river Kazanka, Vishnevsky Str, Es-
Necessary problems to be solved: tire neighborhoods are built peranto Str).
- Transport accessibility to the city
- Inner transport — Innovative housing within the «Big Ka-
zan» project
— Implementation of projects aimed at
— Reconstruction of lands after unprofit-
- Life level of citizens landscaping and beautification of the able enterprises and storage facilities
- City image city removal
- Landscaping of embankments
- Relocation of industry

— Creation of transport system for a com-

licated urban grid
— Any kind of touristic programs — Concept for the development of em-
bankments of lakes Kaban
— Creation of an architectural image for
the city centre
— Creation of сomfortable and high-speed — Intensifying of the events activity

— Beautification of the entire coastline of — Preservation and development of the
rublic transport Kazan historically formed cultural levels of the
— Transport connection within the ag- — Improving the quality of the housing
stock
— City waters ecology and scavenging
city
glomeration
— Arrangement of the bicycle infrastruc- — The development of innovation clusters

«smart economy»
— The concept for “Zhivaya Reka”
ture
— Improvement of wetlands (swamps,
wetlands)
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CITY PROFILE KAZAN
KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

Official city administration web-site
http://www.kzn.ru/
Official architecture and urban planning department web-site

http://www.uag.kzn.ru/
Site of Kazan satellite

OLESYA http://kazansmartcity.com/ru/
NATALIA TATIANA
FISHMAN PROKOFIEVA BALTUSOVA
Business electronic newspaper of the Republic of Tatarstan «BUSINESS Online»
Assistant to the President of RT The main architect Assistant to the President of RT (in www.business-gazeta.ru/
(in charge of public space development of the city of Kazan charge of the preservation of historical
and improvements in urban environment) and cultural heritage of Tatarstan).

Investment and construction company «KamaStroyInvest»
http://kamastroyinvest.ru/
«AK BARS Development”

http://akbars-development.ru/
MARIA ERIC ISKANDER Construction company «Unistroy»

LEONTIEVA TEREGULOV YASAVEEV http://unistroyrf.ru/
Initiative group Architect, co-founder of the Associa- Lead author of columns in news-
“city parks” tion of Young Architects papers “Evening Kazan” and
https://vk.com/parkigoroda.kazan “Free Tribune”
http://www.evening-kazan.ru/categories/osoboe-
mnenie.html
http://triboona.ru/user/55
International non-profit movement

http://worldskillskazan2019.org/
2015 World Aquatics Championships

http://kazan2015.com/
Universiade 2013
ALEXANDER GULSINE NIKOLAI http://kazan2013.ru/
DEMBICH TOKAREVA NOVIKOV
An expert in urban planning, K., Associ- Expert in architecture and urban plan- Architect, director of “personal creative
Kazan Urban Forum 2015
ate Professor and Head. Department of ning, K., Professor of Urban Planning workshop of the Union of Architects of the http://kpfu.ru/develop/programma-kazan-urban-forum-ijunya-2014-g-78876.html
Urban Planning in KGASU. KGASU, Workshop Tokraevyh “TMT”. Republic of Tatarstan”, the Head. Depart-
ment of Architectural Design KGASU.
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CITY PROFILE KAZAN
GENIUS LOCI
Kazan is a woman. Madonna. Bright, expressive, energetic,
powerful, always in step with the time, she knows her
strengths, highlights advantages and achieves her goal
despite everything. She is catchy, but consistent in actions.
This woman does not recognize age: any age for her
is a mark in chronology of success & an occasion to
update the image. She has a determined character, so
all “the evertebrates”, please, get out of her way!
It is important for her to shine at the zenith of fame and be
surrounded by young, alive and kicking society (and also
Kazan adores sport just as Madam Louise Ciccone).
It’s a wonder how such a spirit could arise from the capital
of conservative culture, professing patriarchal values.
Madonna as a symbol of Kazan character.

Photo from Madonna fotosession for «Rebel heart» album.
Image source:
http://muzznews.org/2015/01/madonna-prokommentirovala-vyhod-novyh-trekov/
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M2R
CITY PROFILE
burg
e ters
intP
to Sa
m
6k
204
scow
to Mo
m
7k
133
UFA
MUSLIM CAPITAL OF RUSSIA
CAPITAL OF BASHKIRIA
BASHKIR: «ОФО»
CITY OF THREE SCREWS
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M2R
CITY PROFILE UFA
RESUME
Ufa was initially founded as the capital city of Bashkir people
and still keeps this rank. The complicated position on peninsula
between two rivers of Ufa and Belaya explained by its initial
function of a fortress to resist numerous raids. The Belaya
River Waterway (1870) and the Samara-Zlatoust Railroad
(1890) connected the city to the European part of the Russian
Empire and stimulated development of the city’s light industry.
As a result, in 1913 the population of Ufa grew to 100,000.
In 20-30s of XX century the rapid development of the
city began, so that the gross industrial output increased
by 16 times. Ufa industrial complex, enterprises of light
and food industries, Ufa Engine Plant and CHP came
into operation. After opening of an oil field in 1937 the
Ufa Oil Refinery was erected to the North of the city.
During World War II, following eastward Soviet retreat in
1941, a number of industrial (aviation, locomotive repairing,
cable and textile) enterprises of the western parts of the
Soviet Union were evacuated to Ufa. The city also became
the wartime seat of the Soviet Ukrainian government.
Today the economy of Ufa is developing successfully. In 2014, it
increased the volume of shipped industrial products, as well as
investments. The main industries of Ufa now are refinery, fuel and
energy complex and engineering. In the list of 200 largest private
companies in Russia, compiled by Forbes magazine, the company
«Bashneft» rounded out the top 10 largest enterprises. In the
ranking of 2013, compiled by the Institute of Spatial Planning
«Urbanica» Ufa became the 7th city by the volume of industrial
production. In the list of top 30 business cities of Russia, compiled
by the magazine Forbes, Ufa was the 2nd after Kaliningrad.
Ufa is the leader among million-cities as the greenest city
(202 m² of green space per inhabitant), the most spacious
(698 m² per inhabitant of the urban area), the lowest density
of the street environment (1 sq km - 1.3 km of streets). The
city does not have any completely pedestrian street.
As the capital of Bashkiria Ufa is the seat of the central
authorities and the mufti of the Central Spiritual Board of
Muslims of Russia and the Spiritual Administration of Muslims
of Bashkortostan. First Mosque was built in 1830, today there
are 18 mosques in the city, plus 3 – under construction.
During 9-10 July 2015, Ufa hosted summits of the BRICS
group and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.
View from the point of Salavat Ulaev monument –

panorama of city embankment relief and river Belaya
Image source: http://drugoigorod.ru/ufatrip/
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M2R
CITY PROFILE UFA
GENERAL INFO
the capital of the Republic 1,45 mln people
of Bashkortostan The largest urban agglomeration in the Republic of Bashkortostan,
SIZE located in the central part of the region. The core is million city of Ufa.
The basis of the economy of fuel and energy and machine-building
707,93 km2
complex. Ufa is one of the most modern and the largest Russian oil
refineries and petrochemical complexes.
POPULATION
1 105 667
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT BLAGOVESHCHENSK

KUSHNARENKOVO
Ufa
UFIMSKIY RAYON
Trans-Siberian IGLINO
Railway
Navigation
on the riverBelaya
CLIMATE CHISHMY
KARMASKALY
+ 20 °C
−13 °C OiL
FOUNDED IN
1574
UFIMSKIY RAYON KUSHNARENKOVO BLAGOVESHCHENSK KARMASKALY
CHISHMY Butter Factory Mainly steel factories OiL Oilfield
IGLINO
Agriculture Refining industry
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M2R
CITY PROFILE UFA
CITY STRUCTURE
HISTORICAL PART
Central core is located far to the

south of geographic centre of the
city. Historical plan assumed a rec-
tangular grid, crossed by a steep
ditch on the southeast (now Salavat
Yulaev prospect)
INDUSTRIAL BELT
The main industry (oil refining in-

dustry) is located in one cluster in
the North of the city. *
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
The residential districts are located

to the North from the city centre in
a «conga-tail». Also there are large
shabby districts located here on
central lands.
WATERFRONT
*
The city has a beautiful stepped
river banks, but there is only one
embankment, which is now just un-
der construction. The other parts of
banks are full of with shabby hous-
ing.
* SPECIAL SITES
Salavat Ulaev Monument Ufa Mosque «Lala Tulpan»

Ensemble
5 KM
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CITY PROFILE UFA
CITY STRUCTURE
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CITY PROFILE UFA
CITY TRAITS Very long, in the mountains and with a lot of

greenery. People on the bus speak a language,
that I don't understand - in Bashkir or Tatar
Maria, urban planner
Incredibly beautiful landscape
Gulnaz, architect
BASHKORTOSTAN ZEMFIRA HOCKEY CLUB OIL DUAL CONFESSIONS BASHKIR

REPUBLIC RAMADANOVA «SALAVAT ULAEV» CITY MILK & HONEY
Ufa is a capital of Bashkortostan Repub- One of the most important contemporary The city is famous for its hockey club «Sa- The city is a big centre for mining and es- A feature of the Republic of Bashkortostan «Bashkir Honey» is a traditional sort of wild
lic - a country in the Southern Urals and in person on Russian music scene - Zemfira lavat Yulaev» - one of the strongest clubs pecially oil. The city is a large oil refinery. is a multinational population, which deter- honey and a registered trade mark. There
the Urals, named for the indigenous peo- Ramadanova - was born in Ufa. in Europe and CHL. The club gives strong mined its polyconfessionalily. Two prevail- are many national dishes which are made
ple - Bashkirs (or Bashkorts) with its own players for the Russian national hockey ing religions are Sunnite Islam and Ortho- with the use of the honey, especially known
culture, religion and extraordinary nature. team. dox Christianity. is «Bashkir honeyed kymyz».
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M2R
CITY PROFILE UFA
CURRENT PROJECTS
TYPICAL
1 Hilton Garden Dotted closed to the environment develop-
ment in the city center.
Inn Ufa hotel
Architecture: ”Kesco”
http://kesco.ru/index.php?id=19
UNIQUE
2 Multifunctional residential An example of a project, which influence
complex positively on surrounding environment.
The residential complex is situated in the
«Four Seasons» city near a parkzone, which will be restored
and landscaped at the expense of «Four
Architecture: ”Zhilstroyinvest”
Project/ realisation: 2015/2018 Seasons» developer.
http://gk-4seasons.ru/
A typical example of multi-storey housing

TYPICAL
massives on the outskirts of the city.
«Serebryaniy rychey»
Architecture: construction company “CRONA”

http://www.silverrill.ru
A good example of residential complex

TYPICAL
within the urban environment.
«Tikhaja rosha»
Architecture: “Zhilstroyinvest”
http://gk-tr.ru/
TYPICAL 5 Neighborhood The satellite city of townhouses produces

a new comfortable residential environment
«Sputnik»
and the spread of suburban area.
Architecture: LLC “PromGrazhdanProekt” LLC

“BashProekt”
http://www.sputnikufa.ru
TYPICAL
6 Residential complex Sometimes there are quite pleasant exam-
«Milovsky Park» ples of residential areas with the correct
infrastructure, architecture and mid-rise
buildings. Unfortunately, they all are built
Architecture: Ltd. “KilStroyInvest” on the outskirts of the city provoking urban
Project/ realisation: 2014/2018 sprawl.
http://milpark.ru
5 KM
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CITY PROFILE UFA
HOT TOPICS
« Over the past 20 years, City canalisation and
rainwaters systems
Public transport
is dying
the city was ruined simply
by dotty development & A distinctive feature of Ufa urban environment is first of The first sign of problems with public transport in the
all mud (in autumn) and water (in the spring) on the side- city is the presence of private taxis in it. In Ufa this
without creation of transport walks... and everywhere. The lack of established system type of transport is common and gains popularity. The
of storm water runoff in the city was the first problem transport system doesn’t completely cover the entire
scheme. But we still act in mentioned by most respondents of the research. city, transit shelters and vehicles are in poor condition.
fragments, on some local There were projects for dedicated lane, metrobus &
high-speed railway, but they still remain on paper.
areas, deciding perhaps
non-critical issues. But in
the main we are not moving.
City doesn’t operate as a
unified, coherent system »
Rustam Khamitov, Head of Bashkortostan
Karst City on Transport connection Where to

areas peninsula of the conga tail develop?
Ufa is a specific city. There are practically no other Ufa is located on a peninsula between two rivers Ufa Ufa is an extensive city, streched for 80 km (if with sub- The in-between-two rivers location of Ufa slows its con-
megacity, standing on highly karst (soluble) rocks. and Belaya, so the city is a linear, extended by 60 km urbs). The city developed linearly, residential massives struction development down This fact could become
What threatens the city? If gypsum rock dissolved, a structure. Development of Ufa formed pointwise and do not surround, but stand in conga tail to the city centre either trouble or rescue for the city. The latter would be
cavity appears and then the rock fails. Such cases hap- with strong submission to natural conditions (rather . It is evident that traffic flows are growing, especially on in case the strategy of the city will head for redevelop-
pen about once or twice a year. The risk of such failures than urban logic and functionality). That creates some the North-South axis. Routes to the west and east from ment of industrial, shabby and in-between areas, which
in Ufa is quite high. Today dozens of homes are in such chaos for its plan, especially in districts beyond the two the city’s axis are operating badly. are abundant.
a dangerous condition. rivers.
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CITY PROFILE UFA

Cultural heritage
ruins
Chaotic private
businesses
«Our general plan was
approved in 2006. However,
In recent years, 140 from 300 monuments of architec- There is a demand for a shops-in-a first-floor services we understand that it’s
tural heritage were actually irretrievably ruined in Ufa. in city’s residential districts. If such a need appears in
Today very few admirable monuments remain and they the city, it should be done centrally. Now the implemen- necessary to correct it,
are in a very poor condition. There’s a map, made by tation is not centralized so that it results in plenty of
city activists which reveals the condition of Ufa heritage separate stairs, blocking entirely the sidewalks. as it is cut off from life.
(Blue indicates an object destroyed, red - demolished,
yellow - requiring restoration, green - restored.) Development Strategy for
Ufa will create a vision of
the city...And on this basis
we will have the general
plan with real deadlines and
economic calculations »
Ildar Ibragimov, Chief Architect of Ufa
Architectural image Grey Development strategy «URBAN–BAYRAM»

of the city wooden heritage of Ufa 2030 Forum
Lack of taste leads to the fact that we build wrong things In July 2015 a strange decision was made in Ufa - all The strategy planned to increase the efficiency of built- Urban-planning forum UrbanBayram is held the third
and in wrong place - says the head of the city Rustam the wooden (historic and dilapidated) architecture of the up areas, the reconstruction and renovation of indus- year round in Ufa. The main objective of the event - to
Khamitov. Ufa is a rich city (capital of the republic), city was painted with gray paint. trial areas, as well as an expansion of the city due to collect all the stakeholders: government officials, devel-
which is able to host expensive qualitative iconic ar- construction on the territories behind the rivers Ufa and opers, professional community, urban planning experts
chitecture In preparation for BRICS summit some at- Belaya. A site was also created for invitation of every- and citizens together to discuss a common vision of
tempts were made, but unfortunately without a sense of one who wants to take part in developing of a strategy. the city and produce an adequate strategy for the city.
taste. On the photo - Dynamo Stadium. http://ufa2030.ru/o-strategii/ http://urbanbairam.ru/
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CITY PROFILE UFA

— The main city problem is a lack of

any strategy for a development, while
— New housing within the redevelopment
projects
— Development of adjacent territiories
within the «Big Ufa» agglomeration
— Redevelopment of the shabby lands
(even in centre!!), which could become
its complicated situation requires to a rescue for the city development
produce one. — Development of an iconic arcitecture,
—
suitable both for culture, history, status
of Ufa and architectural taste Redevelopment (restoration/preserva-
tion) of wooden heritage
- The vector for development
- Compact city: redevelopment or
— Recreation and cultural platforms within
the existing (soviet) districts
integrated development?
- Transport connection
- City Engineering Networks repair
- Heritage preservation

— Transport connection within the compli-

cated city territories
— Intensification and participation in
programs related with citylife and urban
— Development of an embankment line
(as there is a beautiful lanscape for it,
— City image & architectural principles of
development creation
— Enhancement of municipal public

projecting (making an existing activities
converted to life)
but only one empty embankment now)
— Wooden heritage rescue!!!
transport: vehicles, routes, stops, ...
— Arrangement of touristic programs — The arrangement of citizen-friendly ur-
— Development of bicycle infrastructure
(Ufa has already started, but the ar-
ban environment
ranged network seems to be incorrect) — Intensification of the activity & events — Fight against “Potemkin village”
— Night transport system on the existing public spaces!! for more information see I.Varlamov post: http://varlamov.ru/
1393217.html?utm_source=ljpost&utm_medium=teaser&utm_
—
campaign=teaser
Recultivation-of-the-environmen pro-
grams for the periphery residential dis-
tricts (like DIY or something)
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CITY PROFILE UFA
KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

https://www.ufacity.info/
Strategic ufa 2030

http://ufa2030.ru/
City news portal

http://www.bashinform.ru/
ILDAR IREK RUSTAM
IBRAGIMOV YALALOV HAMITOV
Chief architect Head of City Head of the Republic of

of Ufa Administration of Ufa Bashkortostan

Construction company «ZHILSTROYINVEST»
Construction company «BASHANTEK»

http://bashantek.ru/
Group of companies «TRETII TREST»

KRISTINA MASHA RAILLE http://www.tretiitrest.ru/
ABRAMICHEVA VIKTOROVA GABDULLIN
activist of «Archdefence Ufa» urban activist urban activist,

movement (architectural of «UrbanBairam» team organizator of VeloUfa
heritage preservation) bicycle movement
«URBANBAIRAM» Forum
http://urbanbairam.ru/
RAFIL JULIA OLGA

ABDRAKHMANOV RASULYOVA SARAPULOVA
Head of the Laboratory of Accosiated professor of archi- «UrbanBairam»

Hydrogeology and Geoecology tectural faculty in forum
of the Institute of Geology, Ufa Ufa State Petroleum
Scientific Centre , RAS Technological University
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CITY PROFILE UFA
GENIUS LOCI
If we submit Ufa as a member of a family, then it is
definitely the favorite youngest sister. The head of the
family is the spirit of the Earth, conservative and rigid.
Baby Ufa is brought up under his command.
This is evident in most of its plan (which adapts to the harsh
conditions of karst territories between two closely located
rivers) and the events going on here (for several times in its
history Ufa bent under the conquerors - or ratherdeals with
the question peacefully, not defending for independence,
as opposed to, for example, “her older sister” - Kazan).
Ufa - city, meek, docile, but living in their imaginary, slightly
fairy-tale world. This - a little princess, whose wisdom is
shining beauty, love and ability to obey. For obsequence little
Ufa is generously praised with gifts by her father, such as
beautiful landscape, and oil, and honey (is quite important not
to spoil the baby!). At the same time it can suffer from unjust
violence (for details, look for the posts by Ilya Varlamov, he
said he was a witness of such: http://varlamov.ru/1396072.html).
The elder Kazan often intercedes for its youngest sister (such
precedents happened more than once in history), which so
she loves so selflessly because connected by one blood.
Yet the wisdom of Ufa - is humility and friendship - no matter
with nature, cities or conquerors. Wisdom of being forever
young girl, keeping her innocence and charm, not chasing after
independence, recognition, “burning hut or galloping horse”.
Little princess symbolizing the charater of Ufa city

Image source: http://vrnkupon.ru/product/skidka-50-na-
detskuju-odezhdu-malenkaja-princessa-ot-internet-magazina-mama-56rf-/
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CITY PROFILE
g
ur
sb
t er
Pe
t
in
Sa
to
km
54
20
w
co
os
M
to
km
93
17
YEKATERINBURG
CAPITAL OF URAL
THIRD CAPITAL
CAPITAL OF CONSTRUCTIVISM
CAPITAL OF RUSSIAN STREET ART
YO-BURG
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M2R
CITY PROFILE YEKATERINBURG
RESUME
The city has started in 1723 as the fortified metal works. The
iron manufacturing played the key role in the history of the city,
with Yekaterinburg plant being the head plant in the Ural region.
During the II World War the city became the location of many
industrial enterprises relocated from border terrirories. The city
is home to the country famous machine factory Uralmash.
Initially founded as an industrial city, Yekaterinburg has a strong
grid structure, which makes it clear and readable. The intial
regular masterplan was developed in 1845. Today Yekaterinburg
is the most «compact» megacity in Russia. The size of its built-up
area - 20 km from north to south and 15 km from west to east.
Yekaterinburg is located at the border of Europe and Asia
at the Ural mountains, attractive for it’s touristic trackings
routes, ski-resorts and picturesque nature reserves.
Today the city has a strong position and is developing as a
centre of a strong region. It is the fourth-largest Russian centre
of science after Moscow, St. Petersburg and Novosibirsk.
The presidium and a considerable number of Ural Branch
institutes of the Russian Sciences Academy are located
here. The city is one of the country’s largest transport and
logistics hubs (the international airport, Trans-Siberian railway
and 6 federal highways pass through the city), and remains
an important industrial centre (opto-mechanical industry,
instrument-making, and heavy machinery, metallurgy, printing
industry, light and food industry, military industrial complex).
It attracts young population, is famous for its artists, musicians and
theatre. The city is special for developing the skyline and currently
is home for the tallest skyscraper in Russia outside of Moscow.
Image source:«Tipichniy Yekateringburg» vkontakte web-community
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GENERAL INFO
Administrative 2 060 000 people
centre Specialized in mining & metal industry the agglomeration of
SIZE Yekaterinburg is the most important socio-economic center of
Ural macroregion, but not the only one. It’s main competitors are
491 km2 Chelyabinsk, Perm and Ufa agglomerations.
On its territory nine rays settlement can be distinguished forming
along fourteen major transport routes, and several concentric
zones of settlement (near, medium, far) that vary the intensity of
POPULATION relations between the cities, density of settlements and population
NEVYANSK
density.
1 350 360
KIROVGRAD REZH
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT
NOVOURALSK
Koltsovo
Airport
ASBEST
VERKHNAYA
Yekaterinburg Pass. PYSHMA
Yekaterinburg Sort.
BEREZOVSKIY
PERVOURALSK
none
ARAMIL
REVDA
DEGTYARSK
CLIMATE
Moderately continental SISERT
17o C POLEVSKOY
-13o C
KAMENSK-URALSKIY
FOUNDED IN
1723
Metallic and non-metallic Metal-processing and oth- POLEVSKOY REZH
minerals mining er industrial complexes Metallurgy Nickel
VERKHNAYA PYSHMA ARAMIL KAMMENSK-URALSKIY NEVYANSK

Polymeric materials, aircraft-repair Metallurgy Machine building industry, cement
city boundary of 1932 BEREZOVSKIY
SISERT REVDA NOVOURALSK
ASBEST
Machine building industry Metallurgy Nuclear industry
city boundary of 1947 DEGTYARSK Science City & Technopark
PERVOURALSK
Building materials, pipes, chrome
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CITY STRUCTURE
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HISTORICAL PART
Though Yekaterinburg has a his-

torical architecture, it hardly can be
associated with it. Never-the-less,
historical core formed a convenient
regular structure with non-typical
wide streets.
INDUSTRIAL BELT
Yekaterinburg is a big industri-

al centre shaped by several vast
city-forming industries with adja-
cent workers settlements. *
*
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
Residential areas were formed to-

gether with industry construction.
These are agressive masses of
modernistic housing. The city grows
in the same directions.
WATERFRONT
Although the city stands on the riv-

er Iset’, the waterfront of Yekater-
inburg is a structure of lakes. It is
interesting, that practically each of
city districts has a natural lake.
* SPECIAL SITES
5km
«Plotinka», City Pond and Yeka- All Saints Cathedral

terinburg Circus «Khram-Memorial na Krovi»
5 KM
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« Brutality. Asperity. Constructivism heritage.»

CITY TRAITS
Anonym, architect - urbanist
LAKES AROUND PLACE OF NIKOLAY II URAL MOUNTAINS THE CAPITAL OF SVERDLOVSK YEKATERINBURG
THE CITY FAMILY MURDER & ANCIENT STONES STREET ART ROCK-CLUB HIP-HOP
There are 4 big nature lakes within the city The royal family was shot in the Ipatyev The city is famous with its location in the Street art has become an essential lan- Yekaterinburg (former «Sverdlovsk») was Now Yekaterinburg is becoming famous for
borders: Shartash, Maliy Shartash, Shuva- house in Yekaterinburg at the night from 16 Ural Mountains. Even within the city one guage of communication with urban space one of the hottest points of rock culture in its hip-hop: californian glitch hop is super-
kish and Zdokhnya, as well as there are to 17 of July, 1918. «Cathedral-on-Blood» can find rock formations (on the foto - here, especially due to the works of artists USSR, bands from the local «rock club» imposed here on an original so-called «ural
a plenty of natural lakes in the city region. was built at the place of the house in 1991 «Kamennye palatki» located in ZhBI mi- Timophey Radya & Pasha 183. had become famous all around the country. style» with its specific sence of humor.
crorayon).
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Yekaterinburg — IS A CAPITAL OF RUSSIAN CONSTRUCTIVISM
Art-photos of constructivism heritage by macrotkani project

Image source: http://macrotkani.com
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CURRENT PROJECTS
TYPICAL
1 Residential district A large residential district on the city out-
«Solnechniy» skirts with the single road connection to the
Centre. A project has a good planned in-
frastructure, but provokes a plenty of com-
Architecture: “ForumGroup” mute-related problems for the city in future.
http://sunny-ekb.ru/about/
TYPICAL
2 The second phase of Another example of complex development
the residential district is a residential district Akademicheskiy on
the outskirt of Yekaterinburg. The area was
«Academicheskiy» designed by Soviet modernist urban plan-
Architecture: “KORTROS” ning principles, which provoke in future all
Project/ realisation: 2015/2030 the spectre of related problems.
http://www.akademicheskiy.org/
UNIQUE
3 Adventure Park A theme recreational indoor park will be lo-
«Dreamworks» cated near «Yekaterinburg EXPO» centre
outside the city. The project is expected to
become a new attractor for Expo complex
Architecture: Group of Companies “Regions” and to the city in a whole as it is the first
Project/ realisation: 2018/2019 theme park for the Ural region.
http://upn.ru/news/0/2015/1/15871.htm
UNIQUE
4 Business district The project is a breakthrough for the urban
development of Yekaterinburg as it sup-
«Yekaterinburg City»
pose to create an integrated environment
despite separate business district. The pro-
Architecture: UMMC-Holding ject developed a unified system of public
Project/ realisation: 2014/2022 spaces and attractors in the city Centre.
http://66.ru/realty/news/163437/
UNIQUE
5 Renovation of the The positive trend towards comprehen-
instrument-making sive redevelopment in the city. As a result
of competition the complex of former Ural
factory instrument-making factory will be recon-
Architecture: Т+Т Architects structed for a bank and hotel designed by
Project/ realisation: 2014/2015 T + T Architects. The project is softly inte-
http://archi.ru/projects/russia/8741
grated into the urban environment.
TYPICAL
6 Residential complex Dotty development in the city (you can see
«Kandinsky house” on the picture how it interacts with the sur-
rounding housing). Never the less it is an
example of high-quality residential com-
plex in the city Centre built in accordance
Architecture: Т+Т Architects to city image and green technologies.
http://kh.brusnika.ru/
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HOT TOPICS
« We are called the third Poor ecology:
air & water
The capital
of crime
capital, but why? Moscow
has Kremlin, St. Petersburg Yekaterinburg is one of the cities with the highest level Yekaterinburg has a reputation of a crime capital. Dur-
of air pollution. The reason is city location in a low wind ing a long period the crime rate in the city was at highest
the Hermitage, and what speeds zone which causes the air stagnation. The main positions in overall country ratings. Now the situation is
polluter is vehicles, saturating the air exhaust gases, an- better, but the mentality and fear of citizens about their
we have?». it was said by other one is industrial emissions. The same situation with safety remains.
the man who is building waterfront. Lakes are swamped, river Iset’ is dumped with
industrial waste and even sewage.
Economic-class skyscrapers
in Yekaterinburg...
Who will invest good,
iconic arcitecture in our
backwoods? None. »

Andrey Korotich,
Doctor of Architecture of Yekaterinburg
Decaying soviet
Unuseful Low intermodality Absence of infrastructure
open spaces of public transport city image in residential districts
«There could be another good public space, but there’s Yekaterinburg has a subway, but it is not integrated in Although the city has an outstanding constructivist herit- The most of the residential districts (working settle-
nothing to do there. No trees planted, no small shops, public transport system (inconvinient due to long inter- age, it is hidden in the chaos of new buildings. Dotty de- ments) were constructed during the Soviet period with
no benches, nothing to do. How it could be so?» - say vals of trains, only 1 line). The price for pubic transport velopment is not so much an advantage as a trouble of a strict functional zoning and all the complex of post-so-
our respondents about new city’s open space. There is higher than for commercial, which leads to decline of the city. Almost every building looks torn out of the com- viet microrayon problems as lack of comfortable human
are many new public spaces made in recent years in its development. There is also a city electric train line, mon picture, and it seems that there has never been any environment. At the same time the districts have inter-
Ekaterinburg, but they all still made in modernistic way but «few people know about its existence and route». general plan ever. esting natural cases for identity creation (lakes, soviet
- without any cultural events planning. arcitecture & infrastructure, ancient stones).
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No sharing-skills
programs
Decaying soviet
architecture
« Moscow - is Europe.
we’re Eurasia. Our region
The prevailing percent of workers in industry now are Incurable sore point Yekaterinburg - the heritage of is tied much to China,
old-timers. The youth doesn’t want to work in industry constructivism. The objects now are fire hazard and
as well as the level of training for working with hi-tech- emergency stock. One of the solutions is the full con- India, Kazakhstan. ... In
nologies is rather low. Therefore the problem is how to structions substitution with concrete, but this is not of
renovate the production with the lack of qualified skills economic benefit yet. «We have no other architecture my opinion, the absence
and working resources? to be proud of», - said the deputy chief editor of «Ex-
pert-Urals» Sergey Ermak and offers a plan of action. of a financial centre in
this vast region, which
includes Siberia, Far
East, Central Asia & India,
seriously weakens the
economy of these areas »
Andrey Korotich,
Doctor of Architecture of Yekaterinburg
Industrial settlements Water Strategic plan «Big

integration disregard 2020 Yekaterinburg»
There is a big industrial renovation in the city due to the The city has a very «industrial» relation to water - the The main goal of the project was a social capital devel- The project «Big Yekaterinburg» supposes the creation
Strategy. Therefore a great amount of land plots will be river Iset’ is used as a waste disposal and a source for opment and urban communities creation. The declaration of a united agglomeration area of Yekaterinburg with
ready for redevelopment and integration into the urban production. The lakes are also polluted and are not in- of the city strategy and general plan was to creatte a city the satellite cities (it is Verkhnaya Pyshma, Berezovsky
environment. In addition the existing industrial-plus-res- adequate for smimming and fishing. There is a lack of for people. This fact marks problem of people and city Sredneuralsk, Aramil) for a united economic space
idential districts are living like isolate ghettoes and need designed city embankments. detachment. The plan expires in 5 years which means a through the integration of municipalities, development
to be culturally integrated in the city. good potential for strategic planning changes. of transport infrastructure, construction and land devel-
opment.
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— As the society is ready for a dialog and

the existing strategic plan expires with-
— Elite housing development near the city
lakes
— Regeneration of the vast former indus-
trial territories
— Redevelopment of the soviet
architecture heritage
in 5 years, there are chances to create
a modern effective masterplan and the — Housing in the agglomeration «Big — Development of satellite cities within — Redevelopment of the former
strategy for the city Yekaterinburg» the «Big Yekaterinburg» agglomeration «URALMASH» campuses in the centre
Necessary problems to be solved: — Recreation and cultural platforms within

— Redevelopment of industry with sus-
- City image tainable technologies
- Ecology

— Integration of inefficient existing sub-

way line into the transport system
— Intensification of the activity & events
on the existing public spaces!!
— Development of river Iset’ waterfront — City image & architectural principles of
development creation
Heritage recommended to be pre-
— Intensification of public transport — Arrangement of sharing-skills — Arrangement of a recreation zones served:
programs between young & old-timers around city lakes Shartash, Maliy Shar- – Regular citygrid
on industrial production tash, Suvakish, Zdokhnya and others
—
– Constructivism architecture
— Socio-cultural integration programs
for «criminal mentality» reabilitation in
(«Chekists’ town», «Uralmash» town,
etc.)
glomeration
problematic residential districts
— Recultivation-of-the-environment pro-
— Night transport system grams for the existing residential dis-
tricts (like DIY or something).
— Yekaterinburg-City towers construction

revival (there are several freezed constructions)
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KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

Official city’s administration web-site
http://www.ekburg.ru/
Official architecture & planning department website

http://eguar.ru/
City news portal

TIMUR EVGENIY http://ura.ru/
ABDULLAEV ROISMAN
Mayor of
Expert-ural magazine (analytics)
The chief architect of http://www.expert-ural.com/
Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg

Business group «RENOVA STROY GROUP»
http://www.renovasg.com/
Construction company «ATOMSTROIKOMPLEKS»

http://www.atomstroy.net/
Construction company «LSR-URAL»

EVGENY VLADIMIR POLINA http://lsrural.ru/
FATEEV ZLOKAZOV ZINOVIEVA
curator and the main ideologist architect, urban activist and blogger, director of architectural group
of «Stenograffia» festival founder of the project «Living «Podelniki»
http://save-the-tower.ru/en/
Streets»
http://www.livestreets.ru/

FIFA-2018 WORLD CUP
http://ura.ru/story/27
Street art and graffity festival «Stenograffia» & urban forum

http://stenograffia.ru/
«DAYS OF ARCHITECTURE» in Yekaterinburg

ELENA EDUARD SERGEY http://archidays.ru/?page_id=3138
TRUBINA KUBENSKIY ERMAK
Professor of Ural Federal Uni- the chief editor of architectural editor of «Expert Ural»
versity, author of russian urban magazine «Tatlin», magazine
www.expert-ural.com/
studies book «City in theory» architectural expert
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GENIUS LOCI
What could help one to survive in one Ural cold industrial to the
bones city? Ekaterinburg tries to turn any disadvantages into
advantages with a radical sence of humor, the degree of which
goes up to the level of 911 like an emergency method to stay alive.
There is a great energy source hiding in the people of Ural capital,
which warms up the city life and saves its independence.They
make irony on themselves and their history, lifestyle, problems
and «ghetto culture». The quality of such a humor could be of
any level - what is important is a brightness degree of the image,
created by joke, art, fashion or project. That is why here one
can find as hip-hop by either dark experimental humor of «Ptitzu
Em» or by showing off ghetto rapper «Syava»; social street-art
by «Timofey Radya» or public monument for Russian analogue
of TV-serial «Married with children». That is why the city Mayor
here goes cycling together with the citizens and keeps fit.
Ekaterinburg hates lack of charisma.
Festival of light in Yekaterinburg. Men in bright costumes symbol-

izing the character of the city.
Image source: Vladimir Ponomaryov / weburg.net
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CITY PROFILE
rg
bu
rs
te
Pe
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in
Sa
to
km
40
38
w
co
os
NOVOSIBIRSK
M
to
km
CAPITAL OF SIBERIA
47
SIBERIAN CHICAGO
33
CITY-ON-OB’
EX-NOVONIKOLAEVSK
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CITY PROFILE NOVOSIBIRSK
RESUME
Novosibirsk - the third most populous city of Russia. It is
listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the fastest growing
metropolis. Founded in 1893 as a small village for railway
bridge builders to 1962 Novosibirsk became a million-city.
The city’s fate is inseparably connected with the Trans-Siberian
Railway - the main artery of the city, through which it gets
its development. To the year of 1912 has already became
Russia’s largest multimodal hub. In 1941-1942, it became
the centre of Novosibirsk evacuation (according to various
estimates, the city received 140 to 200 thousand refugees).
Great Petersburg museums Hermitage & the Russian
Museum exhibits were also taken out in Novosibirsk during
the WWII. More than 50 substantial factories were crated up
and relocated from western Russia to Novosibirsk in order to
reduce the risk of their destruction through war, and at this
time the city became a major supply base for the Red army.
In addition, Novosibirsk suffered a tragic fate to become a
city of repressions, where the first Transit prison number
1 of NKVD started functioning. This prison will become
perhaps the most terrible symbol of Stalin’s repressions.
In 1957 the multi-facility scientific research complex of
Akademgorodok was constructed about 30 kilometers (19
mi) south of the city centre . The Siberian Division of the
Academy of Sciences has its headquarters in Akademgorodok,
and the town hosts more than 35 research institutes and
universities, among them Novosibirsk State University, one of
the top Russian schools in Natural Sciences and Mathematics.
Although it possesses a fully autonomous infrastructure,
Akademgorodok is administered by Novosibirsk.
Novosibirsk is the largest in the Siberian region logistics hub.
Through it pass the Trans-Siberian line, and the roads to
the Altai and Kuzbass, Central Asia, eastern and western
regions of Russia. The city based regional warehouses
and representative offices of large trading companies.
Today Novosibirsk - industry, business, research, transport and
cultural centre of federal significance. The two main areas of
city production are high-tech and manufacturing industries. The
most developed production branches here are nuclear &aircraft
industry, mechanical engineering, power engineering. The number
of large enterprises is 235. The office market in Novosibirsk is
one of the four most developed regional markets. In November,
2014 the target program to support innovation and investment
activity started in Novosibirsk, designed for 2015-2017 years.
One of the cultural attractions of Novosibirsk are theaters,
among which Opera House is considered to be the symbol
of Novosibirsk (the informal name of “Siberian Colosseum”).
The city annually hosts a large number of festivals.
Thunder in the city centre

Image source: http://gelio.livejournal.com
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GENERAL INFO
Administrative 1,9 mln people
centre Novosibirsk agglomeration (Big Novosibirsk) - the largest urban
SIZE agglomeration in Siberia. But can not be called a developed. Within
a 100-kilometer zone of influence by Novosibirsk are 12 towns.
505,62 km2 “The main thing that determines the role of agglomeration center of
Novosibirsk tends to concentrate in their town or in the immediate
vicinity of it. Distinguished external and internal (core) zone formed
Novosibirsk agglomeration. In recent decades, in the Novosibirsk
POPULATION agglomeration does not add any new urban settlement.
1 567 087
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT MOSHKOVO

KOLYVAN
TOGUCHIN
Тolmachevo
KOCHENEVO
Trans-Siberian OB
Railway KOLTSOVO
River passenger port KRASNOOBSK

River cargo port
BERDSK
ISKITIM
CLIMATE
Continental
+19 °C
ORDYNSKOE
−16 °C
FOUNDED IN
OB KOLTSOVO KOLYVAN KOCHENEVO
1893 Engineering centre Science City Tourism on Kolyvan’s
Working urban village
Main companies: JSC “Airport Research and Production lakes
Tolmachevo”, OJSC “Airline
Complex “Vector”
Siberia”.
BERDSK ISKITIM ORDYNSKOE TOGUCHIN

Electrical company Centre building materials indus- Novosibirsk Reservoir
Many sports schools
city boundary of 1972 MOSHKOVO KRASNOOBSK

Enterprise defense value Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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CITY STRUCTURE
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CITY STRUCTURE
HISTORICAL PART
The housing of historical centre

has been almost lost, but planning
structure survived. The original plan
is 2 rectangular grids located at an
angle to each other and separated
by the river Kamenka.
INDUSTRIAL BELT
Industry is closely connected here

with the multimodal railway hub,
which in its turn passes through the
entire city.
**
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
Contemporary residential areas are

formed by large housing masses.
WATERFRONT
City is spotted by ponds, whether

natural river Ob, Inka, Kamenka,
Yarensk backwater or man-made
pits and quarries. At the same time
there is only one promenade.
* SPECIAL SITES
Novosibirsk State Academic Globus Theatre

Opera and Ballet Theatre
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« The city is relatively young and rapidly grow-

CITY TRAITS ing. This is both good and bad. There are many
opportunities, many «white spots» in different
areas at the same time there is no history,
gradual development of society, urban culture
Evgenia Makarova, urban activist
NOVOSIBIRSK SIBERIA HUB FOR «MONSTRATIONS» YANKA DYAGILEVA ART GROUP

AKADEMGORODOK & BEARS REPRESSED ACTIONS & POST PUNK “BLUE NOSES”
Novosibirsk Akademgorodok is the largest, Novosibirsk is the main city of Siberia. In Novosibirsk NKVD inquisitorial & transit Novosibirsk is known for its «Monstra- Heart-rending post-punk songs of Yanka «Blue Noses» is the project of Siberian art-
the most important and famous Scientific Foreigners ask whether it's true that all Si- prison №1 was located. In Soviet times tions» – a special form of civic activity ex- thundered the entire «Perestroika's Rus- ists V.Mizin and A.Shaburov, who decided
Town in Russia. berian cities stand in impenetrable forests, convicts wait for distribution to camps in pression by locals (against the decisions sia» like short but bright flash. Songstress to create a populist version of «contem-
where bears walk in the streets ? Of course Siberia and Far East at this «Novosibirsk of city government). Russian artist Artyom died at the age of 24, but the wave of dark porary art», based on authentic forms. Th
Bastille». Now it is prepared for demolition Loskutov is one of the organizers of these post-punk still exists here represented by group is widely known both in Russia and
annual processions. such bands as «Srub», «Ploho», «Stars»... abroad
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CURRENT PROJECTS
TYPICAL
1 LCD «LEO» City administration policy supporting any
construction in the city led to the prosper-
ous economy, but also to absolutely chaot-
ic panorama, where there are point objects
Developer: Stroymaster of varying quality. The better examples are
Project/ realisation: 2014/2016 glass residential high-rises as LCD «Leo».
http://www.nsmaster.ru/
TYPICAL
2 LCD «Lazurit» But in the central panorama of Novosibirsk
a plenty of high-rise economic class apart-
ments is raised as well.
Architecture: JCS Kameya

http://камея-нск.рф/
UNIQUE
3 Concert-hall There is a shortage of cultural centers in
Novosibirsk. The planned concert hall
is supposed to host large banquet and
concert events. The project has a unique
Architecture: group of companies “Abnikum” function for the city, however, it is a point
Project/ realisation: 2015/2016 development.
http://sib.fm/news/2015/07/01/novyj-koncertnyj-kholl-
postrojat-v-novosibirske-v-2016-godu
The project is located in the city centre on

UNIQUE
4 Sport & wellness
the bank of the Ob river. Adjacent beach
center with a aquapark
area will be refined with a landscaped
«Kvarsis–Akvamir»
promenade and a city beach. An example
Developer: «Kvarsis» of complex approach to urban develop-
Project/ realisation: 2012/2015 ment.
http://www.kvarsys.ru/aqua/
TYPICAL 5 Cottagecomplex A piece of suburban area witk lack of in-

frastructure within the city. There is a large
«Krasnaya gorka»
economic-class housing construction
from multistorey (LCD «Su-155», «Sibirs-
Architecture: Sibakademstroy Property kiy Gigant»...) to cottage complexes (like
Project/ realisation: 2013/2015 «Krasnaya gorka»).
http://www.krasnayagorka.info
UNIQUE
6 Academpark Technopark Complex, built in Novosibirsk
Akademgorodok. The main objective of
«Information
the project - to ensure the development
Technologies Centre »
of high-tech industries in the region. It is
Architecture: Space-Construction a powerful anchor in the development of
Project/ realisation: 2007/2012 Novosibirsk.
http://www.pokrovsky.biz/objects/rostov-city/
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HOT TOPICS
«There is now a dozen of Absence of
image
What and how
to preserve?
very active movements,
which hold rallies, pickets, Lack of strategy results to spotty development and com- There’s little more than 200 scattered objects of cultural
plete erasure of any city image. Public spaces are done heritage remained here. Against a million-city scale this
etc. And as a result an by segments of private development and don’t have any amount loses itself. Being modernist city, Novosibirsk
general structure. There is probably no more egregious comprises Constructivism. But unlike Ekaterinburg, the
urban development has example of “faceless city” than Novosibirsk. Perhaps this local one is more delicate - it is rightly called “discreet”.
become the main theme on is the case for “Bilbao effect” solutions. Lack of appreciators led to ignorance & littering with
external advertising.
the latter mayor elections,
because the main complaint
to the previous Mayor was
exactly an investor-oriented
dotty development»
Alexander Lozhkin,
Adviser to the Mayor of Novosibirsk
Big distance between Lack of Periphery Transportation

citizens and city hall city strategy ghettos system overloaded
Dialogue between the government and citizens is con- In 2014, the head of Novosibirsk was replaced, but In order to stimulate the city construction market author- In the morning the time of transportation from city edge
ducted on distance and by shouts. Citizens have ac- there is no distinct policy for the city development ap- ities constantly allocate lands in the periphery for cheap (10 km from the centre ) to centre is about 1.5 hours.
cumulated a great activist energy. There’s an official peared yet. Urban Strategy continues to make money faceless mass housing development. In such areas Management of passenger transportation simulates
website for complaints and suggestions expression on the spot housing under the command of investors; transportation and social issues are accumulating. Some improvement, but doesn’t deal with engagement of a
(novocitizen.ru).Today, any hasty decision of the au- designed and followed in order adequate building regu- of them are cut off from the mainland of the city (district unified ticket and dedicated lanes. Mass consciousness
thorities turns into citizen Monstration. However such lations are missing. Business dictates the rules, author- Pashkovo in the north). already requires that, but there is also a strong belief ,
attitudes still can’t be called productive. ities obey, people militantly resist. the subway could be a panacea.
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Parking Migrants « What’s about current
wars influx projects ... The road
Chaotic unregulated and not supervised by the city During the last 10 years many migrant workers from
construction, a couple of
authorities high-rise point development creates an
overabundance of private vehicles. This leads to the
Central Asia appeared in Novosibirsk, as it is no longer
possible to ignore them. It threatens the emergence of
interchanges and a water
so-called “parking wars” in residential courtyards. ethnic neighborhoods and dilapidated urban areas (as park. The development In
such a class of people has few means of maintaining
and repairing of their houses). the city is going at a lower
scale - where there are
new small companies and
trends. There is quiet on the
level of largeprojects. And
that is good » »
Dmitriy Lebedev,
“Foot traffic” group activist
Greetings from Greetings from «Public program Eastern bypass

soviet era «perestroika» for any mayor» - 2014 of Novosibirsk
Painful but important became a question on restruc- Yet again being a soviet controlled city during the 1990- Some Novosibirsk activists during a series of meetings It is a large-scale project for the construction of a 80
turing of Soviet-style city in a more comfortable way. s most of the spaces lost their function and degraded. produced so-called “public programs”, which included km-length road. Considering the current completion of
Being Soviet-to-the roots Novosibirsk inherited all the The most discussed objects are Karla Marksa Square their proposals for reforming the different areas of city life. the 3rd bridge over the Ob River, in combination with
spectre of related problems as citizen-friendly environ- (populated with spontaneous trade) and SKA swim- Thus, propos¬als for urban policy prepared by the activ- the first stage of the Eastern bypass it will become a
ment, pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure, public and ming pool (delapidated), Lenina Square near famous ists of the move¬ment “Maimed Novosibirsk” (O.Valger South-Eastern bypass. In the future, the Eastern by-
green spaces. The latter is especially urgent in case of Opera Theatre (absence of activity). & M.Ryazantsev); for the transport sector - an initiative pass will connect 3 federal highways: Gusinobrodskoye,
severe local climate. group “Foot traffic” (Dm. Lebedev), on education - the Berd and “Chuiski tract” ones and Northern bypass.
movement “Russian children - affordable preschool edu-
cation” (S. Gunkin) and “Parents’ Committee of the Novo-
sibirsk Region” (V. Kirillov).
The program was targeted for any Mayor, that would be
elected and was signed by the current mayor Anatoly
Lokot (at that time a candidate).
Today the activists are having the series of discussions
with Mayor concerning citizens’ problem. But according to
their own perception there are no visible changes being
made yet.
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— That is the case, when a citizen com-

munity appears and has its agenda,
— Construction of the full-fledged complex
residential districts on allocated lands
— Development of iconic architecture for — Redevelopment of degradated mod-
ernistic public spaces (Karla Marksa
creation of a city image !!!!!!!!!
—
and the new goverment comes so that Square, Lenina Square near Opera
it seeks for city development direction. There is a demand for elite housing
— Complex development on allocated Theatre etc)
That could be a chance to unite the lands — Redevelopment of the remaining
—
energies together for a masterplan heritage leftovers
creation Recreation and cultural platforms within
— Redevelopment of periphery ghettoes
- “Humanizing” of the current develop- — After Eastern bypass construction many
lands aroud the city will become availa-
(formation of public spaces,infrastruc-
ture)
ment situation (Downtown & peripheral
ble and advantageous for development
districts)
- Regulations for new development
- City image seeking
- Transport collapse

— Relaxation of the transport jams on the

entrances of periphery districts
— Arrangement of a communication
platform between citizens and city-hall — Development of the waterfront of
– Rivers
— Strategy for creation of the “city face”
(city image & architectural principles of
for a strategy development – Ponds, pits and quarries development)
— Development of the intermodality of — Programs for relaxation of the migrants – Backwaters
public transport (unified ticket) problem – Islands
— Arrangement of dedicated lanes

— Intensification of the activity & events — Redevelopment of the existing empty
on the existing public spaces embankments
— Recultivation-of-the-environment pro-
— Arrangement of high-speed rail system grams for the existing residential dis-
tricts (like DIY or something).
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KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

www.novo-sibirsk.ru/
City’s urban NEWS PORTAL

http://tayga.info/
Citizen ideas for Novosibirsk improvements

http://novocitizen.ru/
ALEXANDER ANATOLY
LOZHKIN LOKOT’
Official «Akademgorodok» web-site
http://academcity.org/
Adviser to the Mayor of Mayor of
Novosibirsk Novosibirsk

Industrial & construction group «SIBERIA»
http://www.csib.ru/
Construction group «SKY»

http://www.gk-sky.com/
ALEXEY ANDREY EVGENIA DMITRIY Construction company «SIBIRACADEMSTROY»

KUNITSYN DUKAREV MAKAROVA LEBEDEV http://www.sastroy.com/
coordinator of coordinator of activist «Laboratory of Urbanistics» coordinator of activist group

bicycle movement movement and online project coordinator of «Foot traffic», urban activist
Construction company «NOVOSIBIRSKIY KVARTAL»
http://www.nsk-kvartal.ru/
«Privet Velosiped» «Novocitizen.ru» City centre of project arts
Series of architectural competitions and annual festival «ZOLOTAYA KAPITEL»

http://www.zkapitel.ru/
Chackathon for city apps «MAKE NSK»

https://nsk.te-st.ru/
ALEXEY TATIANA MIKHAIL IGOR

MAZUR IVANENKO NIKULIN POPOVSKY Business forum «FUTURE OF THE CITY»
http://новосибирск.будущеегорода.рф
journalist, public figure, director of Siberian Centre for Associate Professor of “Elec- architect,
analyst of portal tayga.info architecture promotion, or- trical systems” NSTU, urban environment specialist
ganizer of «Zolotaya Kapitel» autor of the concept of high-
festival speed rail of Novosibirsk
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GENIUS LOCI
City «somewhere» – «over the hills and far away» – «between
dense forests» – of Siberia. Novosibirsk is easy accessible by
railway transport, but mentally – it is far away, standing at the
crossroads between two worlds - the civilization and «something
unknown”. City of railway hub, is it a refuge in case of danger (not
for nothing the most valuable things were removed here in times
of war) or a passage on the way into the wild obscurity (not for
nothing the most dangerous ones were removed here after the
war)? Because there, in the woods, no one would reach you .
A Prophetic stone lays In Novosibirsk, with the inscription
on it: «If one goes to the right - he will lose his horse,
but will find self-salvation; if one goes to the left – he
will lose himself, but the horse will be saved; if one goes
straight – he will loose both himself and the horse»*.
Reaching a roadfork, the most knights remain by the side,
building a safe city-rear, with the view on lonely wood of the
«Devil’s hillfort» (the so-called name of the place before the
foundation of Novosibirsk here), beyond which it is strongly
discouraged to swim. Some brave ones – combine together
in Gorodok to comprehend obscurity by scientific methods.
However, from time to time lonely sounds of bells can
be heard from here. This is another brave knight quietly
glanced behind the Stone and saw something what to
talk about is no longer possible in the same way.
* – Quote from Russian folklore fairy-tale
Reproduction of Victor Vasnetsov «Knight at the Cross-

roads»: knight stands on the edge of unknown lands. The
picture is a symbol of Novosibirsk position on the edge of
different Russia, on the crossroads near deep Siberia
Image source: http://www.anywalls.com/download/40669/1366x768/
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CITY PROFILE
g
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56
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IRKUTSK
os
M
to
km
MIDDLE EARTH
CAPITAL OF EAST SIBERIA
99
CAPITAL OF PRIANGARYE
51
CAPITAL OF PRIBAIKALYE
CITY-ON-ANGARA
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CITY PROFILE IRKUTSK
RESUME
Irkutsk is the largest city in eastern Siberia. It’s located
in the valley of the Angara River, 68 km from the unique
natural complex, a World Heritage site lake Baikal.
Because of the proximity to the seismic active Baikal
Rift there are regular small earthquakes in the city.
Irkutsk is a historical Siberian town founded as a fort in 1661.
The place was favorable for trade-commercial and forwarding
paths development, so soon after the city foundation it had
become an important reference point in trade with China,
Yakutia and Alaska. Irkutsk has played a major role in the study
and development of Eastern Siberia, the Far East and North
America. Later it became a city of Goldminers and convicts,
whose labor was used extensively in the production of precious
metals and diamonds. The city was a place of political exile
as well, which influenced rapid development of its culture.
The fire in 1879 heavily damaged the city, but never-the-less
it managed to keep its original layout. The historic center is
declared in provisional list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Now Irkutsk is a major administrative, cultural, scientific and
industrial center of Eastern Siberia. The headquarters of
the East-Siberian railway, «Irkutskenergo», «VostSibUgol»
are concentrated here. «Irkutskenergo» - Russia’s largest
energy company- combines 3 Angara cascade hydropower
plants, one of which is located directly in the city. The leading
industrial enterprises are aircraft and relay plants.
Irkutsk Academic science is represented by 9 research
institutes of the Irkutsk Scientific Center of the Russian
Academy of Sciences and 3 units of the East Siberian Scientific
Center of the SB RAMS, forming a single Akademgorodok.
Irkutsk Scientific Center of SB RAS is the second largest
in Siberia, it employs more than a thousand researchers.
Research Center «Irgiredmet» provides support in production
and re-processing of metal ores and diamonds.
Panorama of Angara river:

the contrast of urban and villla housing in the city centre
Image source: «Tipichniy Irkutsk» vkontakte web-community
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GENERAL INFO
CHEREMHOVO 1,1 mln people
Administrative
centre Big Irkutsk - monocentric (but with a significant share of other cit-
SIZE ies in addition to the core city of Irkutsk) conurbation in the south
SVIRSK
of the Irkutsk region along the Trans-Siberian Railway. It happens
in the Soviet period as a result of the formation of close ties be-
2
306,4 km
tween Irkutsk and satellite cities: Shelekhov, Angarsk, Sibirskoye
and Cheremhovo.
POPULATION
MIKHAILOVKA
620 099
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT
Irkutsk USOLE-
International Airport SIBIRSKOE
Trans-Siberian
Railway
Irkutsk-Passenger
Irkutsk-Sorting ANGARSK OiL
River Station:
“Raketa”
“Central” MEGET
CLIMATE PIVOVARIHA
SMOLENSCHINA
EARTHQUAKES! Extremely continental
(safe level of 3-7 class)
+18 °C
−18 °C
SHELEHOV
MARKOVA
FOUNDED IN
1661
USOLE-SIBIRSKOE CHEREMHOVO MEGET MIKHAILOVKA
Resort «Usolye» Major centre s of coal Metallurgical industry Urban-type settlement
treat diseases of mining
the musculoskeletal The only granary of
Heavy machinery MARKOVA
city boundary of 1915 system, digestive and the reserve fund of
Irkutsk region and SMOLENSCHINA
peripheral nervous
system due to sodium
SHELEHOV one of the largest in PIVOVARIHA
chloride water (brine) Non-ferrous metallurgy, ma- Siberia
Agriculture
chine-building plants
Chemical industry SVIRSK
city boundary of 2015 Metallurgical industry
Mining of minerals
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CITY STRUCTURE
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CITY STRUCTURE
HISTORICAL PART
Irkutsk - one of the few cities in Si-

beria, which managed to maintain
its initial plan. Its historic centre
was formed on the site of a wooden
fortress, the last ruins of which were
dismantled in 1790.
INDUSTRIAL BELT
The influence of industry on the

city’s urban structure is minimal as
it is located mostly outside the city
centre .
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
Residential districts are middle-rise

and rather compact comparing with
the ones in megacities.
* *
WATERFRONT
The city stands on confluence of

three rivers: Angara, Irkut and Ush-
akovka, but there is only one em-
bankment. Also there is a railway
running along left side of Angara.
* SPECIAL SITES
«Moscow Gates» Irkutsk Datsan

5 KM
336 M2RU 337
M2R
« It is a «Boiler» with boiling soup of exiled Decembrists and free people

CITY TRAITS who in the early years remained here to develop Siberia. The soup is
floured with lime of demolished during the Soviet times cathedrals, with
mass executions and burials remained in the city centre ; with sweet notes
of culture (directors, writers and artists and etc.). And of course all that
was cooked on the Baikal water»
Dmitriy, construction developer
LAKE MULTIRELIGIOUS EXILED & IRKUTSK WOODEN BABR
BAIKAL CITY THE DECEMBRISTS HYDROPOWER PLANT ARCHITECTURE
The city is situated just 68 km away from It feels that the city has no dominant reli- History of Irkutsk from its beginning has Irkutsk region became famous for its larg- The historical centre of the city has re- Babr - is an old Russian name for panther,
the famous Russian lake Baikal - the deep- gion as besides Russian Orthodox Church been closely connected with exiles. Here est in Russia Angarskiy Hydropower Cas- tained wooden art-nouveau architecture tiger, jaguar, borrowed through the Turkic
est lake in the world and the largest natural there are large Catholic, Protestant, Mus- both ciminals and intellegency were exiled. cade Complex. One of its 4 HPPs located of 18-19th century. There is also a Wooden language of Farsi. It is used as a heraldic
reservoir of fresh water. lim, Jewish and Buddhist parishes present- Among famous political exiled intellegency in Irkutsk. The most famous one is Bratsk Architecture Museum located near Irkutsk. figure for Irkutsk coat of arms since 1642
ed here in Irkutsk. were the Decembrists. HPP. and has become its folk symbol.
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CURRENT PROJECTS
UNIQUE
1 130th quarter 130 quarter Irkutsk - a specially created
area of historic buildings, including the
monuments of architecture and history of
the city. It was conceived as a recreation
area for residents and guests of Irkutsk
Architecture: JSC “Irkutskgrazhdanproekt” and is a great breakthrough in urban devel-
Project/ realisation: 2011/2014 opment of the city Centre.
http://www.i-irk.com/gallery/
UNIQUE
2 Residential complex «Theatre District» is an accurate low-rise
(3-5 floors) apartment complex, inscribed
«Teatralny kvartal» in the surrounding environment in accord-
ance with the image of the city. A positive
example of thoughtful development in the
Architecture: Architecture and construction historic part of the city.
company “ACC”
http://teatr-kvartal.ru/
UNIQUE
3 Satellite town Conveniently located between Irkutsk
and Angarsk, Malaya Elanka has a great
«Melanka» potential to become an extension to both
cities and attract people with an offer that
connot be found anywhere else in the re-
Architecture: MLA+ gion. Unlike the typical Russian microdis-
Project/ realisation: 2012/2018 trict model, Malaya Elanka will become a
http://www.mlaplus.com/tag/ru#5281/malaya-elan-
low rise mixed use quarter, ideal for fam-
ka-irkutsk-ru
ilies and those seeking alternatives to the
omnipresent apartment slabs.
The typical example of economic-class
TYPICAL
housing made by the soviet microdistrict
«Glazkovskaya rosha» scheme.
Developer: «Maksstroy»
http://maxstroy.ru/
UNIQUE
5 Business quarter Project of «Irkutsk City» is an complex of
several accurate office buildings integrated
«Irkutsk City» into city centre environment. It involves a
program of the urban environment renova-
tion program, accompanying the construc-
Architecture: GC “Active” tion of offices.
http://www.irkutskcity.ru
UNIQUE
6 Recreation facility No less attention is paid for the landscap-
ing project of the park in the business dis-
in the business area trict. It seems, in Irkutsk they come to grips
«Irkutsk City» with the work on urban environment. Keep
it up!
Architecture: LLC “Laboratory of the land-
scape and culture of the urban environment”
http://www.vasiliev-archi.com/2012/02/blog-
post_29.html
5 KM
340 M2RU 341
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HOT TOPICS
« Dotty development - is Railway roads
prevailing
Creation of
work places
not just an inconvenience,
but is a number of Railway road is a leitmotive of Irkutsk. It runs through the The average salary in Irkutsk is 18 thousand RUB (app.
historical centre of the city, dividing it in two parts. More- 260 EUR), that is hardly comparable with the level of
sensitive issues, as lack over, it runs along the most left bank of Angara, blocking Siberian prices for food and transport connection. The
view and access to water. city seeks for new activities to run for development.
of clinics, parks, etc... All
that falls on the shoulders
of city authorities, while
developers just get their
profit. We are going to
develop comprehensive
construction in the city. »
Dmitriy Berdnikov,
Mayor of Irkutsk
Complex trasport system

Public transport Killing of pure nature What to do with the
trouble
decay ecology pulp-and-paper plant?
The transport system does not have an even distribu-

There is a gradual extinction of urban transport sys- In 2010 Irkutsk took 15th place in rank of pollutants emis- Baikal pulp-and-paper plant was a large factory found-
tion around the city (not all routes are beneficial to pri-
tem. From means of municipal transport remained sions from stationary sources in Russia (65 thousand ed at 1966 for military production purposes. More than
vate drivers for distribution), which creates a problem of
only tram, but the vehicles are in poor condition. Sec- tons of carbon per year). 196 companies released 69 2 thousand people worked there so it was a cityshaping
congestion in the centre and not integrated regions on
ond-hand Chinese minibuses are being used for private pollutants into the atmosphere. 94% of all emissions from (of Baikalsk town) enterprise.The plant became famous
the periphery. Unefficient system of transport stimulate
public transportation, routes have no even approximate stationary sources make the products of combustion. In as a dangerous lake Baikal pollutant. In 2013 the plant
automobilization among the citizens.
schedule. addition 119 illegal dumps were found. All that near the closed, which caused all accompanying problems and
unique natural zone of great resort potential!!! opportunities.
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To develop
tourism!
Fast destroying of
wooden heritage
« Elections for the governor
of Irkutsk region are
Irkutsk is the nearest big city to the famous tourist at- Irkutsk is a city where some gems of wooden architec- appointed for September
tractor lake Baikal, which is a good opportunity and way ture still survived, which could become an attractor for
for development. But it still plays mostly a transit func- ciy visiters! But the problem is that this kind of heritage 13, 2015 due to pre-
tion on the way from Moscow to the lake. is too fragile and requires a special attention to be pro-
The question is how to create a stable interesting and tected (as it could burn at a moment). In the last years sheduled retirement of
full-fledged tourism for Irkutsk. many of buildings were destroyed (there is even a phe-
nomenon of «burning streets»). Sergei Eroschenko »
IRK.RU,
news portal of Irkutsk
Chaotic Lack of General plan New airport terminal

development public spaces amendments 2025 and related rotary
In the latest years there is a tendency for private land The majority of respondents indicate almost complete Irkutsk doesn’t yet work on a new general plan but in 2015 There are plans for new airport terminal construction
plot purchasing and high-rise construction develop- absence of public spaces and parks for recreation in the amedment to the existing general plan were made (the existing airport terminal has limitations related to
ment. There is absolutely no strategy for a new con- Irkutsk. It is worth mentioning the untapped potential [quote] «to stimulate city growth and enlarging of the city the development of dense housing and fogs around
struction, so the panorama of the city is changing rap- of coastal areas along the three main rivers in the city, boundaries». The new urban policy is focused on high- the Angara River), which cause also a construction of a
idly without any common idea. which remain semi-abandoned. !! There are also inter- rise development. All this stands in a high contrast to the new road sections for Baikalskiy tract.
esting islands in the river of Angara. city essential image and could become a serious problem
in the future.
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— This niсhe is vacant here as work is

going around the existing general plan.
— Compact social housing adequate to
the existing scale
— Development of new businesses — Redevelopment of wooden architecture
streets
In addition, the elections for a new gov-
ernor are expected, that could become — Development of public spaces — Redevelopment of the former Baikal
a powerful opportunity for introduction pulp-and-paper plant (in Baikalsk)
—
of fundamentally new approaches to
Touristic complexes development
strategic planning.
— The soviet part of the city has its specif-
ic architectural image by housing along
the relief. The question is how to under-
- Maintainance of city compactness!!
line this beauty?
- Wooden heritage development
- Development of a new cityshaping
businesses
- Ecological problems solution
- Public transport strategy
- Tourism development

— Creation of an overall public transport

strategy
— In the compact non-million city like — Waterfront development on Angara, — Wooden heritage preservation and re-
Irkutsk all types of bottom-up actions Irkut and Ushkovka banks development
— Public transport vehicles quality
could cause urban environment
changes — Waterfront development on Angara — City image development
improvement islands
— — Creation of a significant platform for
Available transport connection with
«the other Russia» existing boiling citizen activity — What to do with the adjacent to river
railways?
glomeration and lake Baikal
— Any kind of touristic programs
— Night transport system — Solutions for relationships between pri-

vate and municipal transport owners to
create an overall transport strategy
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KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

http://www.admirk.ru/
Encyclopedia of city life and local studies «Irkipedia»

http://irkipedia.ru/
City news portal

DMITRIY http://irkutskmedia.ru/
INNA
KONDRATYEVA BERDNIKOV
City visiting page
The Сhief Architect of Mayor of http://visit-irkutsk.com/
Irkutsk Irkutsk

Financial & building company «NOVIY GOROG»
http://www.new-gorod.ru/
JCS «KONTINENTAL-SIBIR»
http://oxycom.biz/ru/kontinental_sibir/3997492
Companies group «ACTIVE»

SERGEY YULIA MIKHAIL http://www.irkutskcity.ru/qa/about.html
MAYARENKOV YAKOVLEVA SHURYGIN
agency of strategic initiatives support the head of creator of the project Construction company «GRAND STROY»
and strart-up promotion citizen life portal «Province», «Persons Irkutsk», uniting http://www.grandstroy38.ru/
http://ивестклимат.рф/en/ support of citizen communities activists in the city
http://the-province.ru/ #persons_irkutsk
https://vk.com/irkprovince
INTERNATIONAL BAIKAL WINTER UNIVERSITY OF URBAN PLANNING DESIGN

http://winteruni.com/?lang=en
Student architectural art-festival «ARCHBUKHTA»

https://vk.com/arhbuhta
Baikal international economic forum

ALEXANDER MARK ANDREI
http://en.baikalforum.ru/
MIKHAILOV MEEROVICH BOLSHAKOV
Doctor of Engineering, Director of Doctor of History, Professor of Archi- Professor of Architecture and Urban Interregional Youth camp «BAIKAL 2020»
«Transport laboratory» in Irkutsk State tecture Dep. in Irkutsk State Technical Planning Dep. in Irkutsk State Technical http://www.irksportmol.ru/2020/
Technical University University, member of RAACS University,
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GENIUS LOCI
From different points of view Irkutsk stands on the place of power
– hydroelectric power of powerplant, spiritual power of Baikal,
power of mind as it was a place for great Russian exiled literators
and scientists, ethnic power inherited from ancient peoples.
Externally it is small, standing whether in the middle, or
at the edge of the earth, lost in the shadow of the famous
nearby lake. However, chaos stirs inside Irkutsk. It contains
clearly a higher energy capacity than 662.4 MW claimed by
hydroelectric. Powerful, but hidden. Like the monad Yin-Yang
combining contrasting energies. This is not a gushing fountain
of energy, it is a shaman power of meditation, that is inside.
Coming to this city you have to cope with its energy,so you need
firstly to cope with yourself and find an inner balance… to tame the
power by will, just as witches do. Seems like a spiritual practice
in its purest form. Perhaps that is because long ago the exiles
were sent here for their energy restraint, or perhaps vice versa.
Irkutsk unlikely prefers to bask in glory. It is a
city of inner power, which knows its opportunities
and that’s why doesn’t look for approval.
Buryat shaman as a symbol of Irkutsk character

Image source: http://www.red-ship.com/catalog/925/3958/
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CITY PROFILE
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VLADIVOSTOK
M
to
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WINDOW TO ASIA
41
91
PORT-CITY
«VLADIVOSTOK-2000»
MOTHERLAND OF JAPANESE CARS
OUR SAN-FRANCISCO
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CITY PROFILE VLADIVOSTOK
RESUME
On June 20 in 1860 an outpost called Vladivostok was founded
at the Golden Horn Bay not far from Russia’s borders with China
and North Korea. The city is the home port of the Russian Pacific
Fleet and the largest Russian port on the Pacific Ocean. As the
main naval base of the Soviet Pacific Fleet, Vladivostok was
officially closed to foreigners during the years of USSR. The city
was developing as a military castle, and growing around the Bay,
strengthening and modernizing its defensing shelters up till the 80s
of XX century. Vladivostok has not lost its military significance and
is holding the headquarters of Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy.
Vladivostok is the main air hub on the Russian Far East; and
the link between Trans-Siberian Railway and the Pacific sea
routes, making it a major freight and passenger port. Cargo
turnover the port of Vladivostok (including the total turnover of
all stevedoring companies) in 2009 amounted to 15.6 million
tonnes. The main exports are fish and seafood, wood, ships,
ferrous and nonferrous metals. Vladivostok is an important transit
point for goods imported from Japan, South Korea, China, the
USA and South-East Asia. In 2009, Company «Sollers» started
producing “Ssang Yong” SUVs and “Mazda” personal cars.
In 2012, the city hosted the 24th APEC summit, which caused
an onrush of the city look. With the summit on Russky Island,
the government and private businesses inaugurated resorts,
dinner and entertainment facilities. Two giant cable-stayed
bridges were built in preparation for the summit, namely the
Zolotoy Rog bridge over the Zolotoy Rog Bay in the centre
of the city, and the Russky Island Bridge connecting the
mainland to Russky Island. On the Russkiy Island the new
campus of Far Eastern Federal University was constructed.
Public art is actively supported and paid for by the city
administration (the famous art-group is “Concrete Jungle”); despite
the influx of cheap Chinese garb there’s a small but steadily
growing number of local fashion designers (most notable Sveta
Gruzdova); there are galleries for historical and contemporary
arts. The city is full of energy, dynamics and sunshine :)
View on city hills from Zolotoy rog bay

Image source: «Tipichniy Vladivostok» vkontakte web-community
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GENERAL INFO
centre Vladivostok agglomeration (also called «Bolshoy Vladivostok» - big
SIZE Vladivostok) is in the process of formation. The agreement on its
establishment was signed just in 2014. It is assumed that the ag-
600 km2 glomeration will have a polycentric character with such cores as
Vladivostok, Ussuriysk, Artyom and Nakhodka.
MIKHAILOVKA
POPULATION
603 244
USSURIYSK
EXTERNAL TRANSPORT
Vladivostok
international airport NADEZHDINSK ARTYOM
SHKOTOVO
Vladovostok Pass. PARTISANSK

BOLSHOY
Trade sea port KAMEN
Sea cargo port
NAKHODKA
CLIMATE ZARUBINO
Monsoon
18o C KHASAN
−12o C
FOUNDED IN
NAKHODKA USSURIYSK ZARUBINO NADEZHDINSK
1860 Agglomeration core: transport Agglomeration core: transport & Russian sea port Planned industrial park
& industrial hub with devel- logistic hub, large food production, «Zarubino» in Troyitsa
oped business & socio-cultural Ussuriysk locomotive repair factory. bay
functions
MIKHAILOVKA KHASAN PARTISANSK
ARTYOM Сhemical utilization of
city boundary of 1888 Planned agro - industrial Planned petro-chemical
Agglomeration core: transport & enterprise natural gas «Gazprom» complex
logistic hub, Vladivostok airport,
city boundary of 1941 construction matireals & food
SHKOTOVO BOLSHOY KAMEN
production.
Planned seaport zone & Planned shipbuilding and
city boundary of 2015 Large gambling zone «Primorye»
fish cluster maintaining cluster
will be located near Artyom.
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CITY STRUCTURE
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CITY STRUCTURE
HISTORICAL PART
HIstorical part of Vladivostok is the

only part with the regular street grid
of the city ignoring its relief.
INDUSTRIAL BELT
The most industry of Vladivostok is

concentrated around the sea bay
(shipping, fishing, port) and in the
hollows (light industry) forming few
bending lines.
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
Contrary to the Soviet standarts of

strait regular plans, the genius loci
prevailed here, so that the housing
was built according to the natural
relief.
WATERFRONT
Though the city is surrounded by

sea, it has just 4 accesses to wa-
ter. The other coast is blocked by
brownfields and port infrastructure.
There is also a railway running
along the coast.
* SPECIAL SITES *
Korabelnaya embankment «Tokarevskiy» lighthouse ** 5 KM

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«European-mentality-and-culture city in the

CITY TRAITS centre of Asia-Pacific Region »
Elena, transport-planner
HILLS MUMIY TIGERS BAYS & PUBLIC ART JAPANESE

(«SOPKI») TROLL OCEAN CARS
The city was built on the hills (in Russian Vladivostok pop-rock band «Mumiy Troll» If «on a Siberian street one could meet The city located in the bay of the Pacific After young and active monumental artist A significant share of goods flow in Vlad-
called «Sopki»), most of the soviet districts appeared in 1990-s, becoming cultic in a bear», in Vladivostok it is supposed to Ocean and is impregnated whith the salty Pavel Shugurov came to the city admin- ivostok takes import of new and used cars
- along the relief. That creates special vei- Russia and abroad. After their famous meet a tiger :) Never-the-less Far East is atmosphere which ctreates a unique im- istration, public art and art-groups have from Japan. The city is known for the car
ws, especially during the night. song «Vladivostok-2000» this name has really a home of Ussuri tigers, and the tiger pressins and quality of life exotic for the become supported by authorities for urban market, «Green Corner», specializing in
become narrative for the city. is depicted on the emblem of the city most Russian cities. environment transformation. the sale of second-hand Japanese cars.
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CURRENT PROJECTS
UNIQUE
1 Research complex The complex will be located on yet unde-
veloped Russkiy Island. After the construc-
«Seaside Aquarium»
tion of the bridge to the island its territory
became accessible for new complex devel-
Architecture: “Primorgrazhdanproekt” opment. Now only several objects (Univer-
Project/ realisation: 2009/2012 sity, Aquarium, the old village) are located
http://archi.ru/projects
here. What is significant – all these projects
are located separately from each other.
Accurate reconstruction project for a build-

UNIQUE
2 Centre for Culture and
Business «Union» ing of historical city refrigerator. The project
involves also the work with the surrounding
environment and creation of public spaces.
Architecture: ABD architects In case of realization such a project could
Project/ realisation: 2013/2015 become a serious point for the urban plan-
ning in the city.
Due to the city location in the waters of the

TYPICAL
3 Resort Hotel on Burny
ocean, the common type of development
Cape «Hyatt»
here is a construction of hotels.
Architecture: “Our House - Primorye”

http://en.primdevelop.ru/projects/02/
As there are a plenty of lands in Vlad-

TYPICAL
4 Residential district
ivostok, it tends to being developed by
«Patrokl» complex projects. One of it is a residential
district with infrastructure, projected by fa-
mous architect Vladimir Plotkin.
Architecture: Rezerv
http://www.patrokl-vl.ru/
Proposal for the abandoned Soviet Min-

UNIQUE
5 Park
gorodok park occasionally appears on the
«Mingorodok» 5km
initiative of citizens. The project is regularly
put forward to a public hearings, but did not
come to realization. However, a interest to
Architecture: architectural firm “Arhibat”
Project/ realisation: 2014/2016 the problems of urban environment grows
http://www.vlc.ru/life_city together with events happening to the park.
UNIQUE
6 Gaming zone Primorskiy kray – is one of several permit-
ted gambling zones of Russian Federation.
«Primorye»
It is expected that such a status will stim-
ulate the economic situation in the region.
The project of an recreational area includes
Architecture: “Our House - Primorye”.
Project/ realisation: 2016/2022 16 hotels of different class, casino, a yacht
http://primdevelop.ru/projects/03/ club and other facilities.
Development projects
All construction sites

5 KM
364 M2RU 365
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HOT TOPICS
« The city was founded Chaotic and squatter
development
Touristic
infrastructure
initially as a castle, thats
why there is only one (or Seems that the city has no reglamentation for a new As the mayor of Vladivostok confessed: «Our city, in-
housing development. This produces two problems. The deed, extraordinarily beautiful, well located geographi-
two, actually) way into the first one is a chaotic new housing in the centre which cally. Ice-free seaport connect us with the world, there
erases the city image and beautiful skylines. The second is a rail, air and road links ... But we still haven’t created
city. There is a problem for is a squatter development (boat garages, cottages) which adequate conditions for international tourism develop-
rational planning due to tend to occupy even landscape protection areas. ment...The infrastructure is poor»
specific relief, which causes

some special infrastructure
limits. It’s hard to develop
compactly on such a relief»
Timur Bogdanenko,
Construction developer
Far, far Automobile abuse & Low quality City roads system
away pedestrian detraction of public transport vehicles (relief and geometry)
Cars are everywhere in Vladivostok, pushing out both

As the centre s of economic, social and cultural activity The system of public transport is low-speed and inconvin- The geometry of the road grid is a specific due to spe-
public transport and pedestrians. It is prestigeous to
remains Moscow and St.Petersburg, the city of Vlad- ient. But the main problem is the low quality of vehicles cifical relief and housing system. It requires unique
drive a car rather than ride a bike or walk by foot. This
ivostik remains too outlying. This produces mobility and transport service.One of the reasons is a popularity solutions for permeable transport system development.
causes problems with traffic, city image, pedestrian &
problem and isolation of citizens (average cost of one- of cars in the city (Vladivostok buys car from Japan for a High-graded relief also causes emergency situation
cycling infrastructure, parking places and other. Vladiv-
way economic class air-ticket is 170 EUR, railway - 250 relatively low price) so there is a low demand for public during the winter (ice-slik). The quality of roadway is
ostok seems to be a city for cars!
EUR), as well as a high prices for goods, etc. transportation. There is a special decay of tram and trol- poor, the roads are regularly broken. This causes an
leybus. additional problem for the traffic and safety.
366 M2RU 367

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Public services
and scavenging
Whose is
«Ptichye moloko»?
Special economic zone
«Nadezhdinkiy TOR»
« Our city is extraordinarily
beautiful & well located.
Bad management for public services and city mantain- Candies «Ptichye Moloko» recipe was created as a TOR is defined as part of Russian federation territory, Ice-free seaport connects
ance as well as the low urban culture of the citizens soviet analog of the polish «Ptasie mleczko» ones on where the special legal regime for business and other ac-
themselves lead to trashed city waters and beaches, Vladivostok cofectionary factory «Pomorskiy Konditer» tivities is set in order to create favorable conditions for in- us with the world, there is
streets and courtyards. But in Vladivostok all secrets and were famous all around the USSR. Today Moscow vestments attraction, rapid socio-economic development
come to light - uncleared litter propagates by strong lo- union «Rot Front» picked out the patent for «Ptichye ensuring and the creation of favorable life conditions. The a rail, air and road links ...
cal winds all around the city! Moloko» and leave the factory without its iconic sweet.
So what to create next?
area of the «Nadezhdinskiy TOR» will be 807 hectares.
The volume of attracted investments in the first phase will But we still haven’t created
amount to 6.73 billion rubles with the budget financing of
3.6 billion rubles. adequate conditions for
international tourism.
And its needless to say
about roads quality!...»
Evgeniy Teslenko,
deputy of Vladivostok city council
What to do on How to develop «Big «Free port

«Russkiy» island? city’s water facade? Vladivostok» Vladivostok»
In Soviet time the territory of the island was closed as Project of Primorsky Kray Administration for the city of
Though it can be seen from each Bald Mountain, the Vladivostok will get a status of free port with an attrac-
there were several military bases located here. Now the Vladivostok with nearby satellite cities (Artyom district, lat-
sea in almost excluded from the citizens veiw. There tive easy customs regime. Such a proposal voiced by
access is open, in 2012 a bridge to the Island was er - Ussuriysk and Nakhodka) unification into a single city
are only 4 designed accesses, and there is an endless Vladimir Putin during his Message to Federal Assem-
constructed. The government creates an investigation municipality. The basic contours of the «Big Vladivostok»
line of brownfield, railways and port infrastructure along bly of 4 December 2014. Free port will be created for
plan for Russkiy Island development,Far East Federal could emerge by 2025-2030 if there is a proper funding
the seacoast. The question is how to turn back the wa- 70 years with a possible extension of the period. It will
University was built. But the other vast area is still free and a clear program of action.
terfront to Vladivostok? border Vladivostok, Artyom District, Nadezhda, Shk-
for development.
otovsky, Guerrilla, Border and Khasan municipal areas.
368 M2RU 369

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— From the one side, there are many

federal programs for Vladivostok devel-
— Housing on the Russkiy Island — Development on the vast territory of
Russkiy Island
— Redevelopment of sea adjacent
brownfields
opment; from the other side - there are
many projects made by citizens and — Diversifying of housing typologies — Development of satellite cities within — Redevelopment of the former
activists. So there is an attention to the - Villas the «Big Vladivostok» agglomeration military campuses and fortresses on
- Terrace housing the Russkiy islands
—
city from the both sides. There is an
Touristic complexes development
opportunity to unite these efforts on the
wave of existing activity and interest to
- Boat houses
— The soviet part of the city has its specif-
ic architectural image by housing along
the city.
— Recreation and cultural platforms within
the relief. The question is how to under-
line this beauty?
- Transport accessibility to the city
- Touristic infrastructure
- Inner transport
- Life level of citizens
- Ecology & maintaining
- City image

— Available transport connection with

«the other Russia»
— Simple scaveging and maintaining of
the city arrangement
— City waters ecology and scavenging — Although the historical core of the city
is small, it is now developing chaotically
— Public transport vehicles quality
— Second wind for a cult confectiory — Enlarging the sea waterfront line
whithout any clear image. So there is a
potential for architectural principles of
improvement factory «Pomorskiy Konditer» (arrange- development creation.
— Creation of transport system for a com-
licated urban grid
ment of workshops, thinktanks, etc. for
creating new ideas) — Places for water & beach resorts
development
— Parking policy & booming motorization — Automobiles assimilation programs
(How to change existing «Car-mental-
relaxation
—
ity»? or to adapt for a citizen-friendly
Night transport system environment?)

— Programs for effective transport, cul-
tural and event linking with «the other
glomeration Russia»
— Arrangement of the bicycle infrastruc- — Any kind of touristic programs
ture
370 M2RU 371

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KEY PEOPLE WHO CARE

http://www.vlc.ru/
City news portal

http://deita.ru/
City internet magazine «VLADIVOSTOK 3000»

IGOR http://vladivostok3000.ru/
PAVEL
SHUGUROV PUSHKARYOV
The chief Artist & art-curator of Mayor of

Vladivostok, director of studio «33+1» Vladivostok
www.33plus1.ru/

Construction & installation company «KANYON»
http://kanion.ru/
Construction companies group «RAZVITYE»

http://www.ifk.su/
State construction projects company «NASH DOM - PRIMORYE»

EKATERINA ALEXANDER ELENA http://en.primdevelop.ru/
BELYAEVA MIROSHNICHENKO BELOVA
director of art-portal «NEST», activist of the public cycling movement news portal Vladivostok3000,
city experimental group «GR2» «Vladivostok Velosipedization» open city lectorium «Luch-5»
http://neeest.ru/ https://vk.com/i_bike_vl http://vladivostok3000.ru/
http://luch5.ru/

Vladivostok Urban Forum,
http://www.vlc.ru/life_city/forum/english/
Annual International Construction Expo «CITY»

http://en.dalexpo.vl.ru/city-2015
International architecture & design exhibition «ARCH’Pacific»

VALENTIN V. http://www.dvfu.ru/web/is/-/v-dvfu-sostoitsa-vystavka-arhitektury-i-dizajna-arch-pacific
ANIKEEV
International school for «CONTEMPORARY ART IN CITY ACRITECTURE»
Professor of architectural faculty in http://afrus.ru/vladivostok/ru/2014/09/377
FarEast Federal University, doctor of Architecture
372 M2RU 373

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GENIUS LOCI
Vladivostok is a multiple hills and waves. The very genius
loci of the city- landscape itself - encourage locals for a non-
stop move. They know from a childhood that their efforts
would be rewarded (for example, climbing on a hill would be
rewarded with an outstanding panoramic veiw), so they have
no borders and evanesce in environment, filling their space
with continuous life and activity (even in the times of crisis).
The Vladivostoks are mild, light and easy-going wanderers,
and - what is special- seem a bit foreign, crafty, wile and wild
to the other Russia. Their art and culture is of an elusive exotic
and percieved by european Russia as «from the hills and
far away». Just like in the most adorable Russian fairytales,
where the Tzar orders the hero to bring «Don’t know what».
Vladivostok is Russian dream about
something we even don’t know.
A man sitting on Primorye administration building as the symbol of

Vladivostok courageous and unpredictable character
Image source: http://alexhitrov.livejournal.com
374 M2RU 375

IV. EPILOGUE
M2R
Epilogue RANK OF DUTCH COMPETENCES
For each city we rank dutch competences

RANKS OF COMPETENCES IN CITIES by their relevance on a city urban agenda.
So, if you want to go to ...
KALININGRAD KRASNODAR VORONEZH ROSTOV-ON-DON SOCHI NIZHNIY NOVGOROD

1 Inner city 1 Sustainable transport 1 Complex re-development 1 Residential design 1 Strategic planning 1 Strategic planning
2 Project management 2 Inner city 2 Strategic planning 2 Complex development 2 Project management 2 Inner city
3 Sustainable transport 3 Waterfront development 3 Waterfront development 3 Strategic planning 3 Complex development 3 Project management
4 Strategic planning 4 Strategic planning 4 Project management 4 Sustainable transport 4 Sustainable transport 4 Sustainable transport
5 Complex development 5 Complex re-development 5 Sustainable transport 5 Inner city 5 Waterfront development 5 Complex re-development
6 Complex re-development 6 Complex development 6 Inner city 6 Waterfront development 6 Inner city 6 Waterfront development
7 Residential design 7 Project management 7 Residential design 7 Project management 7 Residential design 7 Complex development
8 Waterfront development 8 Residential design 8 Complex development 8 Complex re-development 8 Complex re-development 8 Residential design
KAZAN UFA YEKATERINBURG NOVOSIBIRSK IRKUTSK VLADIVOSTOK
1 Waterfront development 1 Project management 1 Project management 1 Project management 1 Strategic planning 1 Complex development
2 Complex re-development 2 Strategic planning 2 Complex re-development 2 Strategic planning 2 Inner city 2 Sustainable transport
3 Inner city 3 Inner city 3 Strategic planning 3 Complex development 3 Sustainable transport 3 Strategic planning
4 Project management 4 Sustainable transport 4 Sustainable transport 4 Sustainable transport 4 Project management 4 Project management
5 Complex development 5 Complex re-development 5 Waterfront development 5 Inner city 5 Waterfront development 5 Waterfront development
6 Sustainable transport 6 Residential design 6 Complex development 6 Complex re-development 6 Complex development 6 Complex re-development
7 Strategic planning 7 Complex development 7 Residential design 7 Residential design 7 Complex re-development 7 Inner city
8 Residential design 8 Waterfront development 8 Inner city 8 Waterfront development 8 Residential design 8 Residential design
378 M2RU 379

M2R
Epilogue RANK OF DUTCH COMPETENCES
MAPPING COMPETENCES IN CITIES To illustrate we mapped TOP–3

actual competences for each city
KALININGRAD
VORONEZH NIZHNY NOVGOROD
ROSTOV-ON-DON
KAZAN
KRASNODAR
UFA YEKATERINBURG
SOCHI
NOVOSIBIRSK
IRKUTSK
VLADIVOSTOK
380 M2RU 381

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Epilogue WHERE TO GO?
WHAT IS YOUR
CHOICE?
Russian cities are sometimes totally different by their
character, each with their history, problems and heritage.
The character dictates its fate and potential for development,
so it is important to understand and analyse it.
So, which one would you prefer?
382 M2RU 383

M2R
Epilogue ADVICES FOR PLANNERS
THERE IS MORE…
This market research identified 12 cities that we see having
potential to become markets for Dutch design expertise.
Necessarily that leaves out the other 1098 Russian cities
and towns that all keep developing and where the demand
also is significant. That means there are many more
places and therefore reasons of entering the Russian
market as an architecture or urban design practice.
Physical map of Russian Federation

with the main cities and towns
Image source: http://free.bridal-shower-themes.com/img/p/h/physical-
map-of-russia-and-surrounding-countries_2.jpg
384 M2RU 385

M2R
Epilogue ADVICES FOR PLANNERS
GETTING IN
Getting into the Russian TYPES OF TYPES OF Obviously this can only
market and the chance SERVICES FIRMS be rough guidance and
of succeeding in securing ultimately success it
commissions heavily is depending on many
depends on the type of other factors as well but it
Infrastructure
Depending on the type of firm, the way of approaching clients
In Russia infrastructure is almost exclusively developed and should differ. Firms should use their strategic advantages.
services one offers and the funded by government bodies on the different administrative
levels of the Russian Federation. Potential clients typically can be
shows that getting into the
type of office or company. found by participating in official business missions of the Dutch
government and by working with Russian think tanks that advise Small studio market – unlike in other
The size and focus of the the public sector. Conferences focusing on a particular topic can A Small specialist active studio can act very personally and countries - can be done
also be a good way of getting in touch since they usually are approachable. Collaborating with others will allow it to contribute
company should define the visited by high profile people from the field. A more local approach its specific expertise while also building networks. Its structure relatively efficiently and with
are the many urban forums that take place in any larger city in and the fact that the person on the table usually is also the person
strategy it should choose Russia in fall and early winter. Here usually the whole local scene in charge of producing the content is something Russian clients reasonable levels of upfront
of politicians, business people and designers are mingling with
since levels of investment well-known experts from all over Russia and abroad.
value since it gives them the feeling they deal with a real expert.
investment.
to enter the market, target Medium sized firm
clients and the possibilities Urban design (and bottom up
engagement) Medium sized firms that already have some reputation and
to talk to executives in Urban Design knows a large variety of clients funding it, ranging
eventually been published in a Russian magazine, on a website
or have been appearing on a conferences can use this. Typically
companies and the public from the public sector across commercial developers to large
planning institutions and NGOs. This rather diffuse field therefore
being invited for a conference and having a good story leads to
invitations for other conferences in other places in Russia as well.
sectors heavily depend on also knows many format where potential clients can be found.
Generally speaking governmental clients and some commercial
The same is true for publications and websites. In addition to that,
they can also directly approach some of the medium sized players
these two factors. clients can best be found in the urban forums described above.
The latter also are easy to find at international real estate fairs
in the market or present themselves to cities comparable to those
introduced in this report.
such as MIPIM or Expo Real. The more bottom up type of clients
can better be found in giving public lectures as universities, writing
in blogs or teaching summer courses. Large and global firms
Large and global players with a name can approach public and
private sector clients directly. Chances are high that they will get
Architecture
to talk to senior executives to make their case. They usually can
Architecture probably is the least diffuse of all fields. Here one also participate relatively easily in tenders and competitions. But
can either try to get a publication in one of the many Russian while these companies usually have a corporate structure and are
magazines, give public lectures in one of the architecture centre s not focused on one person, it is important in Russia that the firm is
and museums, attend urban forums or go to real estate fairs such associated with a face - a person media, politics and businesses
as MIPIM. can focus on.
386 M2RU 387

M2R
Epilogue BONUS LIST
ONE MORE THING...

To western eyes Russia is a country full of strangeness and
surprising moments. Interesting people with almost unbelievable
stories, epic landscapes, socialist utopias in dire straits, traditions
and brands. The latter often come with a story behind them that
seemingly seamlessly integrates socialism and capitalism, Tsarist
Russia, the Soviet Union and what came after. In that way they are
the embodiment of what Russia is today – a very contemporary
collage of ideologies and cultures.
Source:
by Elena Marus © http://wowrussia.com/
(by Elena Marus © ungitt@gmail.com)
388 M2RU 389

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
OUR RESEARCH TEAM WE THANK

CHIEF EDITING FOR PICTURES:
MARKUS APPENZELLER
Ilya Varlamov blog (http://varlamov.ru/); «Tipichniy Krasnodar» web-community (http://vk.com/typical_krd); «Ti-
YANA GOLUBEVA pichniy Kaliningrad» web-community (http://vk.com/typikal); «Tipichniy Nizhniy Novgorod» web-community (http://
vk.com/typical_nn); «Tipichniy Yekaterinburg» web-community (http://vk.com/te_ekb); «Tipichniy Vladivostok»
web-community (http://vk.com/tipical_vl); «Macrotkani» photoproject (http://macrotkani.com/)
EDITING
VIOLETTA GUNINA
FOR ON-LINE QUESTIONNARIE ANSWERS:

RAITING ANALYTICS
Timur Bogdanenko; Helena; Igor Titov; Sergei Grigoryev; Gulnaz Nizamutdinova (twicely!); Maxim; Alice Druzhini-
BRECHTJE SPREEUWERS na; Dmitry; Taya Khalikova; Nikolai Novikov; Alina «Kalina» Karimova; Julia; Al; Anton; Sergei; Anna; Daria Blizni-
MARTIN PROBST yk; Timothy; Paul Stolyarov; Tanya; Roman Fisenko (twicely!); Nastya Butorina; Julia Rodikova; Julia; Maria; Irina
MIKHAIL STEPURA Galkina; Luybov; Koryakina Paulina; Alexander Kalinin; Alexander Kuznetsov; Masha; Arthur Gareev; Roman;
Michael;Katya; Tatyana; Asya; Nastya; Anastasia; Max; Catherine; Anna; Lily; Andrew Dyukarev; Maydurov Anton;
VIKTOR KOROTYCH
Eugene Makarova; Maxim; Daria; Dmitry; Alexandra; Denis Dubover; Alexei; Tatyana and a number of respond-
ents, who prefer to stay anonym.
GRAPHICS
ANASTASIYA KHITRINA
FOR INTERVIEWS:
OLGA BEGOVATOVA
Yana Gloubeva; Anton Finogenov; Svyatoslav Murunov; Alexandr Lozhkin; Elena Batynova; Ilya Zalivukhin; Edu-
ard Kubensky; Vita Vyatchina; Daria Bliznyuk; Pavel Shugurov; Maxim Polyakov
THIS RESEARCH WAS MADE POSSIBLE WITH GENEROUS SUPPORT OF:
Rotterdam Office London Office St.Petersburg Office Shanghai Office

Vijverhofstraat 47 19-21 Nile Street Московский пр. 220-366 亚a区西苏州路71号4楼
3032 SB Rotterdam London N1 7LL 196066 Санкт-Петербург 邮编：200041
The Netherlands United Kingdom Россия
T +31(0)10 443 90 70 T +44(0)207 336 73 53 T +7 921 770 26 71 T +86(0)21 6381 8852

F +31(0)10 443 90 61 F +44(0)207 336 76 55 F +86(0)21 6210 6752
390 M2RU 391

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MA

0 PROLOGUE: RUSSIAN CONTEXT 8

II CHAPTER: IDENTIFYING CITIES 32

III CHAPTER: CITY PROFILES 74

The research team of MLA+

in a relatively small number (re-)connection of urban areas to water bodies

to Moscow and St. Petersburg,

number of smaller cities have

During Soviet times the urban population grew ten

As a consequence, today we are dealing with cities that often do

During the Soviet Union and following socialist ideology,

Russian urbanites in 1959

THE RUSSIAN CITY TODAY

of Description Urban pattern

DIFFERENCES & SIMILARITIES OF THE

The Dutch and the Russian SIMILARITIES DIFFERENCES

A DIFFICULT MARKET – BUT STILL A MARKET!

– the current regime of sanctions against and of Russia

of its value and with the

CITIES SELECTION PROCESS

What are the most

Russia often is reduced to Moscow and Saint Petersburg. They

8 APPROPRIATE DUTCH COMPETENCES

STRATEGIC WATERFRONT INNER

for urban development

- dutch demand for the – Strategic planning: Development of framework

and russian supply of – Inner city regeneration: Revitalising

– Sustainable urban mobility: resolution

– Complex development: Creation of mix use complexes

– Redevelopment: reprogramming and

– Project management: design, delivery &

Union and the years after – Rank in most developed city

lack of maintenance and – Major events on the horizon

infrastructure when – Higher architectural education institutions

outdated. Consequently the

Economic potential – Places with high density of urban\cultural events

is an exploiting the full economic potential of Russian cities and

The market research

Among the hard data available for Russian cities there is

Secondly, there was a number of attempts to rate Russian cities.

Following factors were selected:

Following ratings were considered:

– Integral rating of 100 largest cities

– Rating of 164 cities (quality of urban environment) in Russia

– 20 most developed cities

– Best 30 cities for doing business in Russia

– Opinion poll on whether people are happy with their cities

INDICATORS STRUCTURE Each indicator was composed

DESIRE FOR CHANGE

[9] Higher architectural education institutions

- by Russian Union of Engineers and others

[4] 20 most developed cities – Russian Reporter

[5] Best 30 cities for doing business in Russia – Forbes

ECONOMIC POTENTIAL DATABASE

DESIRE FOR CHANGE DATABASE

URBAN QUALITY DATABASE

RESULTS FOR INDICATORS TOTAL RESULT

ECONOMIC POTENTIAL DESIRE FOR CHANGE AСCESSIBILITY URBAN QUALITY #