Key Findings: National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019

MOH/S/IKU/173.
20(BK)-e
National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019

Non-communicable diseases, healthcare demand,
and health literacy
Key
Findings
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Ministry of Health Malaysia
© 2020 Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019 (NMRR-18-3085-44207)

Non-communicable diseases, healthcare demand, and health literacy: Key Findings
ISBN 978-983-99320-6-5
MOH/S/IKU/173.20(BK)-e
Disclaimer:
The views expressed in this infographic booklet are those of the authors alone and do not
necessarily represent the opinions of the other investigators participating in the survey, nor
the view or policy of the Ministry of Health.
Suggested citation:
Institute for Public Health 2020. National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019:
Non-communicable diseases, healthcare demand, and health literacy—Key Findings
Published and distributed by:
Institute for Public Health

No. 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52
Seksyen U13 Setia Alam
40170 Shah Alam, Selangor
Tel: +603-3362 8793 Fax: +603-3362 7501

Email: nhms.iku@moh.gov.my
Website: www.iku.gov.my/nhms
Use and dissemination of this document is encouraged. However, reproduced copies may
not be used for commercial purposes. Download the full report at http://bit.ly/NHMS2019
The authors wish to thank the Director General of Health Malaysia for permission to publish this
document.
National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019 Key Findings
01 Overview of the survey
The NHMS The survey series is

has been conducted in commissioned by the Ministry of
4-yearly cycles since the Health to provide reliable
year 2011 information on the health, and
factors related to health, of
The first year people living in Malaysia.
of each cycle focuses on non- The series aims to:

communicable diseases (NCD) and estimate the occurrence of
healthcare demand (HCD), with particular health conditions
the other years focusing on other and certain risk factors
priority areas as determined by the
Ministry of Health, Malaysia. monitor trends in the
population's health over time
describe the community's
2019 perception and demand for
marks the beginning of a health care
new cycle for NHMS, to focus on
NCD, HCD and a few other topics determine the prevalence of
as requested by the health literacy among people
living in Malaysia
stakeholders
The 2019 survey covered 3 main scopes:
*included both NCD and HCD

questionnaires; results are
presented elsewhere
Key findings from the 2019 survey are presented here in this booklet, the form of plain-language
information graphics. The above technical reports, which contain further discussion of the findings
and full documentation of the survey's methods and questionnaires, are available from the IKU website:
www.iku.gov.my/nhms.
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
02 Survey sample and process
NCD HCD
All members of All members of

the household the household
TARGET POPULATION
475 ENUMERATION BLOCKS (EB)

463
14,965 16,688
respondents respondents
STUDY SAMPLE
87.2%
87.2% 88.9%
88.9%
RESPONSE RATE
TWO STAGE STRATIFIED CROSS- SECTIONAL NMRR-18-3085-44207 DATA COLLECTION

RANDOM SAMPLING STUDY DESIGN
DESIGN Study protocol approved From 14 July to 30
Population-based study by Medical Research and September 2019
1st Stratum: All states & Ethics Committee (MREC), MOH
Federal territories
2nd Stratum: Urban & Rural
FACE TO FACE INTERVIEW TOOLS DATA ANALYSIS REFERRAL

OR SELF-ADMINISTERED
QUESTIONNAIRE Used validated Publication of findings Nearest government clinic
questionnaires into report for referred case
Individual and parental
consent obtained before
interviewing
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) —
03 Diabetes, hypertension and high cholesterol
in Malaysia
High blood sugar,
high blood
pressure and high
cholesterol are
major risk factors
Diabetes Hypertension High for cardiovascular
Cholesterol disease
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the

leading causes of death in Malaysia
(such as stroke and coronary heart diseases)
1.7 million people in Diabetes

Malaysia currently live 4.1%
with three
major risk factors 2.7% 3.4%
8.1%
3.4 million people in High
Hypertension Cholesterol
Malaysia currently live 9.9%
9.3% 16.6%
with two
major risk factors
Our health is our responsibility. Here are some things we can do

to combat NCDs:
Control blood Eat a healthy diet Maintain a Exercise Stop smoking and reduce
pressure <140/90 healthy weight regularly harmful use of alcohol
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
04 Diabetes in Malaysia
1 in 5
adults in That's about
3.9 million
Malaysia
have diabetes
people aged
18 years and
above
Diabetes trend 2011 - 2019 Prevalence of diabetes by age groups
9.4 40
10 11.1
8.3
Prevalence (%)
Prevalence (%)
7.2
8.9 11.3
5 20
5.1 12.4 30.4
4.0 19.5
8.5
5.3 8.4
0 0
0.6 3.2
2011 2015 2019
e
9
ov
Years
-2
-3
-4
-5
18
30
40
50
ab
&
60
Age
Did not know that they have diabetes Did not know that they have diabetes
Have been diagnosed with diabetes Have been diagnosed with diabetes
Prevalence of diabetes across states; the highest prevalence was found in these states:
Negeri Sembilan - 33.2%

Prevalence (%)
Perlis - 32.6% < 16.22
16.22 - 18.12
Pahang - 25.7% 18.12 - 20.02
20.02 - 25.06
> 25.06
*using a cut-off of 7.0 mmol/L for fasting blood sugar level
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
05 Pressure rising: Hypertension in Malaysia
Untreated high blood

pressure can lead to
33inin1010
serious consequences
such as heart attacks,
strokes and other
cardiovascular diseases
or 6.4 million people
or 6.4 million people
in Malaysia have
A blood pressure value of inhypertension
Malaysia have
hypertension
140/90 mmHg
is considered high Hypertension
increases with age
only half Among those below

30 years of age,
hypertension occurs
3x males
are aware that they
have the disease
in
Among these,
than in females
90%
but only
are on
medication
Get your blood

pressure checked
45%
have their
regularly and keep it
blood
under control
pressure
controlled
#checkyourpressure
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
06 Keeping an eye on cholesterol Cholesterol is

a type of fat
that circulates
in your blood
Having too much
cholesterol in your blood
stream will result Raised total cholesterol
in cholesterol deposits is defined as a total
in the walls of your cholesterol level of
arteries, causing
heart disease 5.2 mmol/L or higher
4 in 10 people or 8 million adults

in Malaysia have raised
total cholesterol level
1 in 4
Females
have higher people
raised total were unaware they
MALE FEMALE cholesterol have raised total
cholesterol
32% 45%
compared
to males
80% 63%
of those with raised total of those on medication
cholesterol were on for raised total
medications for raised total cholesterol have their
cholesterol cholesterol levels
controlled
50 20.5
33.7 Most people aged 40-59 years
did not know that they have
32.3 raised total cholesterol
25
40.3 Did not know that they have
25.9
27.7 raised total cholesterol
17.6
14.5 Diagnosed
1.1 4.7 hypercholesterolaemia
0
18-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60 & above
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
07 Are we active enough?
1 in 4
adults* in
Malaysia are
physically
NOT active
* 16 years and above
Who were the least active physically?
28% 59% 39% 27%

of of those aged of of
FEMALES 75 YEARS & ABOVE STUDENTS URBAN DWELLERS
Reducing physical inactivity by climbing stairs or

Physical taking short walks can increase our levels of
physical activity.
inactivity is the
4th leading risk
factor for global
mortality*.
*World Health Organization, 2019
Recommended physical activity for adults aged 18–64 years:
At least 150 minutes of at least 75 minutes of

moderate-intensity vigorous-intensity physical an equivalent
physical activity activity throughout the week combination
or or
throughout the week
of moderate-
and vigorous-
intensity
activity
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
Tobacco use and second-hand smoke

08 exposure among Malaysians
What are people smoking in Malaysia?
Cigarette E-Cigarette
21% 5%
1 in 2
people reported being
exposed to second-hand
smoke
at eateries without air-conditioning.
Where else do people get exposed to second-hand smoke?
31 % 27 % 9%
Home Work Eateries WITH air conditioning
Everyone
Non-smokers has a
right to
clean air
Speak out!
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
09 Of fruits, veggies, and plain water
95%
of Malaysian adults do not eat the recommended daily amount
of both fruits and vegetables.
Percentage of those who were not eating enough fruits and

vegetables varied slightly by state:
Prevalence (%)
< 93.56
93.56 - 95.02
95.02 - 96.5
96.5 - 97.76
> 97.76
However, we are doing slightly better in terms of hydration,

where:
3 in 4 people drink enough plain

water every day
Eating enough fruits Adequate plain

and vegetables is water intake helps
important in weight your kidneys work
management and di more efficiently
sease prevention and helps to
prevent kidney
stones
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
10 Malaysians and sugary drinks:

a not-so-sweet picture
Sugary drinks intake among Malaysian adults
self-prepared drinks carbonated and non- premixed drinks

carbonated drinks
53.2% 4.2% 6.7%

daily daily daily
Sugar added self-prepared drink: coffee, tea, chocolate or malted beverages added with sugar or/and
sweetened condensed milk or sweetened creamer (based on Operational Definition by Nutrition Division,
Ministry of Health Malaysia)
Premixed drinks: Instant drink products containing sugar (e.g. premix coffee, tea, chocolate, soy, cereal)
On average, how much sugar do Malaysian adults

consume from sugary drinks?
self-prepared drinks
3 teaspoons of sugar
DAILY
Take home
carbonated and non- message
carbonated drinks
DAILY
It is best to drink
plain water or
unsweetened
drinks such as
premixed drinks coffee or tea
without added
DAILY
sugar
* Sugar intake among those drank sugary drinks everyday
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
11 Ladies, have you been screened?
Mammogram Screening
3 in 4 women aged 40 and

above have never had a
mammogram
7%
11%
Kelantan & Pahang are two states

with the lowest uptake of the
mammogram screening test
Breast Self-Examination (BSE)
1 in 2 women aged 18 and above

did not practice Breast
Self-Examination (BSE)
Cervical Cancer Screening
60%
of women aged 20
and above did not
undergo pap smear
test in the past 3 years
Only 25% are aware of self-sampling HPV test
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
12 alcohol Malaysia
Harmful use of in
11.8%
Malaysians
drink alcohol
3 million deaths
from harmful use
of alcohol globally
every year
According to WHO,
deaths caused by
alcohol in Malaysia...
1 in 2
binge drink
1 in 10 17.6% Road traffic 10.9%

injuries
16.8% Liver 16.2%

cirrhosis
practice HED
2.2% Cancer 0.6%
*Binge drinking: consuming 6 or more standard alcoholic drinks

at one sitting
*Heavy Episodic Drinking (HED):consuming 6 or more standard
alcoholic drinks at one sitting weekly
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
13 Drug use continues despite strict drug laws
300,000 100,000
adults in Malaysia adults in Malaysia
used drugs at least once currently use drugs
in their lifetime
DRUG USE (BOTH LIFETIME

AND CURRENT) WERE
RURAL LOW INCOME MALE
HIGHEST IN THESE GROUPS: DWELLERS
Marijuana Kratom
TYPES OF DRUGS Ganja Ketum
(EVER) USED: Cannabis

Hemp
Miragyna
146,000 people
128,000 people
Amphetamine Opiate Inhalant
Speed Morphine Paint

Smack Glue
LSD Marker
Ecstasy Heroine
101,000 people 45,000 people 33,000 people
THE MAJORITY OF DRUG USERS...
started with started drug use

marijuana between ages
18-24 years
* Estimated figures based on national prevalence
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
14 Depression
KEY facts
among
Malaysian National prevalence of depression:
adults
2.3%
that's about
half a million
people
By states:
Highest prevalence found in:

WP Putrajaya (5.4%)
Negeri Sembilan (5.0%)
Perlis (4.3%)
Sabah (4.0%)
Melaka (3.8%)
By sociodemographic groups: By household income:
2.0% 2.6% B40 M40 T20
Male Female
2.7% 1.7% 0.5%
Consult your doctor
3.6% 1.9% if you have any of these symptoms:
depressed mood
loss of interest & enjoyment
Rural Urban
reduced concentration
reduced self-esteem
ideas of self-harm/suicide
3.2% 1.8% Divorcee

2.0% disturbed sleep and appetite
Single Married Widower
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
15 The hidden epidemic
424,000 were found to

have mental
health problems
children in Malaysia.
-NHMS 2019-
Which children have more problems?
Rural
population
1 8.8%
2 Girls
8.4%
3 10-15 years
9.5%
B40 household
4 income
9.2%
What contributes to the mental health problem?
Prevalence of mental health

problems by DOMAINS
42.9% Peers problem

15.9% Conduct problem
8.3% Emotional problem
2.3% Hyperactive problem
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
16 Leaving no one behind — Persons with

functional difficulties
1 in 4
adults in Malaysia
experienced functional
difficulties
Types of difficulties Who is at risk?
Difficulty in Difficulty in Urban Rural

Seeing Hearing 25.0%
14.9%
34.4%
7.6%
Male Female
Difficulty in Difficulty in
Remembering Walking 22.9% 31.6%
7.0% 10.4%
91.0
65.5 18-29
Prevalence (%)
30-39
50.8
50 40-49
41.2
50-59
27.9
60-69
Difficulty in Difficulty in 14.2 16.4 70-79
Self-care Communicating
≥ 80
2.1% 2.0% 0
Age Group (years)
4.7%
of children aged 2 to 17 years
in Malaysia experienced
functional difficulties
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
17 Let's talk about ED

Erectile dysfunction (ED) or
When Malaysian adult males were impotence is the inability of a
male to produce or maintain an
asked about their erection in bed: erection during sexual activity.
3 in 10
admitted that they
had great difficulty
getting hard enough
This response
was more
common in
one age
36.9% 25.2% 64.1%
18 - 29 years 30 - 59 years 60+ years
group than
others:
If you are one of them, you may be suffering from erectile dysfunction (ED)
WHAT SHOULD I DO?

The causes of erectile dysfunction vary by age, and so does its management
YOUNGER VS OLDER
May be due to over-expectation than it Could be a disease by itself or a symptom

being an actual problem of other diseases

If you practise a healthy lifestyle and are Consult your doctor quickly!
found healthy by a doctor, seek Early detection and proper treatment of
counselling or proper sexual health ED and the diseases causing it are
information for reassurance important for your general health.
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
18 BPH: A man's dilemma
WHAT IS BPH? Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is an

enlarged prostate gland.
16%
of men aged 40
16%
among married
24%
among older
17%
among rural
years and above men people men
suffer from BPH
23%
The percentage of
symptomatic
BPH increases from 10%
among 40-year-olds to
INCREASE 33% among 75-year-olds.
Lower percentage of 57% of those with

symptomatic enlarged symptomatic BPH
prostate compared reported being
to Global estimates unsatisfied with their
which was 26%. urination
The two most common forms of treatment for BPH are

What should I do? medicines and surgeries.
Consult your doctor for a prostate checkup if you
experience any problems with urination.
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
Overweight/obesity & abdominal obesity:

19 A tag team of health risk
1 in 2 1 in 2
adults in Malaysia adults in Malaysia
were overweight had abdominal
or obese obesity
OVERWEIGHT = Body mass index (BMI) ABDOMINAL = Waist circumference (WC)

more than 25 kg/m2 ≥90cm for men
OBESITY
OBESE = Body mass index (BMI) ≥80cm for women
more than 30 kg/m2
This was found to be This was found to be

highest among: highest among:
Females Females
54.7% 64.8%
Indian ethnicity Indian ethnicity
63.9% 68.3%
55-59 years old 60-64 years old

age group age group
60.9% 71.5%
Major diseases associated with overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity
Diabetes High Blood Heart

Pressure Disease
What can you do to reduce your risk?
Eat a healthy diet Be physically active Don't drink alcohol Stop smoking Manage stress well
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
20 Anaemia in Malaysia
1 in 5
What is anaemia? Malaysians
Anaemia is a condition when someone were anaemic
has not enough healthy red blood cells
that carries oxygen in the body
Why is it dangerous?
21.3% Estimated
4.6 million
of the
It can cause serious problems to the heart.
population people
Among women of reproductive age group (15 - 49 years old):
3 in 10 were anaemic
Level of Severity:
Why is it a threat towards
women's health?
It increases pregnancy risks
such as miscarriage &
premature delivery.
It can affect the baby Mildly Severely
39.8%
of women Moderately
who had causing low birth weight anaemic anaemic anaemic
16% 13% 1%
anaemia and stunting.
were of Indian
ethnicity
Anaemia by state
Anaemia among the

general population
was highest in
27.2%
Prevalence (%)
Kelantan
< 18.48
Anaemia among 18.48 - 20.08
women aged 15-49
was highest in Pulau 14.4% 20.08 - 21.88
Pinang 21.88 - 24.32
> 24.32
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
21 Paying for healthcare in Malaysia
Reported healthcare spending Reported financial sources used by

from total household household for paying for health services:
monthly expenditure:
5.1%
81%
used current income
4.6%
3.6% 36%
used savings
11%
borrowed from family and
2011 2015 2019 friends, other than household
members
How many individuals Reasons for not having

are insured? Personal Health Insurance:
36% Not
needed
Only 22% Cannot

afford 43%
of the population are covered
by Personal Health Insurance.
Healthcare Demand (HCD) - IHSR

22 Are we in good health?

Generally,
1 in 5
of the population^
rated their health as
"not good"
^ aged 13 years old and over
In the last two weeks*,
20%
of people
in Malaysia
reported to
have been sick
* prior to interview
Among those who were sick,
57.5% 22.8%
sought care or advice self-medicated˜
˜ took medicine without advice
from healthcare from healthcare parctitioners
practitioners
11.3% advice from other

11.3% resources
16.4% sought advice from sought advice from
family/friends media
(e.g. Internet, TV, radio, print
newspaper etc.)

23 Chronic bodily pain
9 in 100
of the population^
WHAT IS CHRONIC
BODILY PAIN?
Pain in any parts of

experienced the body, which is
chronic bodily pain felt every day or
âged 13 years old and over most days for
3 months or more
Who were affected?
29.3%
29.3
1.6%
Pain prevalence increases
with increasing age 21.0 20.9
Percentage (%)
19.2
20
15.8 15.6
11.0
8.9
6.3
4.7 5.1
3.4
1.6 1.9
0
Teenagers Elderly
4
9
-1
-1
-2
-2
-3
-3
-4
-4
-5
-5
-6
-6
-7
-7
aged 13 - 14 years aged 75 years and over

13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
Age group (years)
To what extent were their daily

activities affected?
3.5 % extremely disturbed
12.8 % severely disturbed
16.8 % moderately disturbed
48.2 % mildly disturbed
18.2 % not disturbed at all

Community pharmacies do more than just

24 selling medicines
However, only
There are about
3,000
community pharmacies
in Malaysia
1 in 10
of adults^ in Malaysia
had visited a community pharmacy
Source: Pharmaceutical Services Division,
Ministry of Health Malaysia (2016).
in the last 2 weeks* for health purposes
âged 18 years old and over
*prior to interview
AT A COMMUNITY PHARMACY, YOU CAN GET:
Advice on your Advice and treatment for

minor illnesses
medication
Assistance in self-monitoring of
your blood glucose and blood
pressure levels
Other services such as smoking cessation,

weight management and others

25 Outpatient healthcare utilisation
1 in 12
people in Malaysia
used outpatient healthcare
services in the
last 2 weeks^.
^ prior to interview
Who were they?
8.8% 7.8% 9.1% 7.1%

OF THE RURAL OF THE URBAN OF THE FEMALE OF THE MALE
POPULATION POPULATION POPULATION POPULATION
8.1% ofB40thepopulation 7.6% of the

M40 population 9.1%
of the
T20 population
40% of those who used

outpatient services were THE ELDERLY (60 years old and over)
Where did they go*? 29.9% 47.5% 62.4%
PUBLIC
facilities
PRIVATE
64.6% facilities 71.2% 53.4% 37.5%
36.3%
B40 group M40 group T20 group
*some people went to both public and private facilities, and went more than once
Why did they attend?
3.1% received other types of care

26.3% came for medical check-up
37.1% came for follow-up
74.1% came due to related health problem*
*related health problems in the last 2 weeks prior to interview

26 Hospital admissions
1 in 20
people in Malaysia
was admitted to
hospital in the past
12 months^.
Who got admitted? Who were more likely to get admitted?
4.1% 6.2%
Women of Elderly
reproductive age people
(20-49 years old) (60+ years old)
37.2% 16.6%
OF THE MALE OF THE FEMALE
POPULATION POPULATION
of the reported of the reported
admissions admissions
Where were the people 75.3

admitted to*?
*some people were admitted to 25.5 Public hospitals

both public and private
hospitals, and were admitted Private hospitals
more than once
B40 group M40 group T20 group

15.4% 33.2% 67.1%
85.6% 67.1% 33.0%
those who were admitted were from
4.7% of the B40

population 5.8% of the M40
population 7.0% of the T20
population

27 Dental visits in Malaysia
Regular dental visits are
IMPORTANT
to maintain optimal oral health
Only a quarter
However,
50%
last visited their dentist
MORE THAN 2 YEARS AGO
of people in Malaysia visited a
15%
dentist in the last 12 months^. in their lifetime had
NEVER visited a dentist!
4 in 5 people The top 20% richest

utilised private dentists
the most (42.1%)
The poor and
the rich utilised the public
sector equally
utilised public dental services
Services received
during dental
visit
1.5% Other services
33.8% Oral health treatment
63.3% Oral health check-up

28 Domiciliary care
1 in 50
reported receiving care at their home*
people in Malaysia
in the last 12 months^

*healthcare received including consultation, check-up and/or treatment
^prior to interview
What kind of care was received*?
Antenatal or
postnatal care
Care related to 40.7% Health check
medication 33.2%
16.8%
Rehabilitation
Medical 7.4%
Child healthcare treatment^
43.8% 10.4%
^ such as wound care,
tube feeding,
prevention of pressure
ulcer and others
*more than one care can be provided during a domiciliary care visit.
Who provided the care?
The limited involvement of

Government private sectors and NGOs presents
88.2% an excellent opportunity for
participation of private sectors
and NGOs in providing healthcare
at home.
Care
Private, 2.6% provider*
NGO, 0.5% *remaining are unspecified

29 Informal care in Malaysia
5.7%
of the population^ provided
informal care*
in the last 12 months prior to interview
âged 18 years and over
*covers provision of personal care, healthcare or other assistance to others who are unable to
care for themselves, excluding care provided by professionals or through organised voluntary
services
Provision of informal caregivers
Who were they? How many years? How many hours?
Average years of Average hours of

care provided care provided
4.3% 7.0% 5.3 24.4

of the MALE of the FEMALE
years hours per week
population population
Who received the care~?
85.0% of care
provided to 16.7% of care
provided to
household member(s) non-household member(s)
~some informal caregivers provided care to both household and non-household member(s)
Effect on the caregivers

Informal caregivers reported that they KEY MESSAGE
were affected by the caring role.
16.0%
The health and
well-being of caregivers
said their should not be
overlooked.
health (physical
and/or mental) Monitoring their health
is equally important as
were affected their care recipients'
health.

30 Health literacy among Malaysian adults
1 in 3 adults have
LOW
health literacy
WHAT is WHY
Health Literacy? Health Literacy is Important?
To understand To understand
An ability to find, to health risk health
understand, and factors & information &
to use health practice healthy medical
lifestyle instruction easily
information and
services needed for
everyday To analyse To organise
risks & benefit health care
health decision
of treatment appointments
making accordingly
wisely
"HOW to Improve "You

My Health Literacy?" SHOULD... "
ALWAYS ASK
QUESTIONS from health KNOW your MEDICAL
care provider on your: HISTORY such as:
BRING SOMEONE with you
health condition health condition
to clinic/hospital to help
disease prevention & (current & before)
you:
management surgeries/medical
take notes &
over counter & procedures (if any)
remember important
prescription medications
information (date &
medicines, vitamins, appointments, medical
supplements, herbal especially if you go to a
instruction)
medicines new clinic/hospital
www.iku.gov.my/nhms
Scan this QR code to
download a PDF copy of
this booklet
Institute for Public Health (IKU)

Institute for Health Systems Research (IHSR)
Institute for Health Behavioural Research (IHBR)
1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52
Seksyen U13, Setia Alam
40170 Shah Alam, Selangor
www.iku.gov.my/nhms

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MOH/S/IKU/173.

National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019

Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019 (NMRR-18-3085-44207)

Published and distributed by:

Institute for Public Health

Tel: +603-3362 8793 Fax: +603-3362 7501

01 Overview of the survey

The NHMS The survey series is

of each cycle focuses on non- The series aims to:

The 2019 survey covered 3 main scopes:

*included both NCD and HCD

02 Survey sample and process

All members of All members of

475 ENUMERATION BLOCKS (EB)

TWO STAGE STRATIFIED CROSS- SECTIONAL NMRR-18-3085-44207 DATA COLLECTION

FACE TO FACE INTERVIEW TOOLS DATA ANALYSIS REFERRAL

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the

1.7 million people in Diabetes

Our health is our responsibility. Here are some things we can do

Diabetes trend 2011 - 2019 Prevalence of diabetes by age groups

2011 2015 2019

Negeri Sembilan - 33.2%

Perlis - 32.6% < 16.22

*using a cut-off of 7.0 mmol/L for fasting blood sugar level

05 Pressure rising: Hypertension in Malaysia

Untreated high blood

only half Among those below

Get your blood

06 Keeping an eye on cholesterol Cholesterol is

4 in 10 people or 8 million adults

07 Are we active enough?

Who were the least active physically?

28% 59% 39% 27%

Reducing physical inactivity by climbing stairs or

Recommended physical activity for adults aged 18–64 years:

At least 150 minutes of at least 75 minutes of

Tobacco use and second-hand smoke

Where else do people get exposed to second-hand smoke?

Home Work Eateries WITH air conditioning

09 Of fruits, veggies, and plain water

Percentage of those who were not eating enough fruits and

However, we are doing slightly better in terms of hydration,

3 in 4 people drink enough plain

Eating enough fruits Adequate plain

10 Malaysians and sugary drinks:

Sugary drinks intake among Malaysian adults

self-prepared drinks carbonated and non- premixed drinks

53.2% 4.2% 6.7%

On average, how much sugar do Malaysian adults

* Sugar intake among those drank sugary drinks everyday

11 Ladies, have you been screened?

3 in 4 women aged 40 and

Kelantan & Pahang are two states

Breast Self-Examination (BSE)

1 in 2 women aged 18 and above

Cervical Cancer Screening

Only 25% are aware of self-sampling HPV test

1 in 10 17.6% Road traffic 10.9%

16.8% Liver 16.2%

*Binge drinking: consuming 6 or more standard alcoholic drinks

13 Drug use continues despite strict drug laws

DRUG USE (BOTH LIFETIME