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Astronomy 104, Fall 2017: Test 3
Astronomy 104, Fall 2017: Test 3
Astronomy 104, Fall 2017: Test 3
Test 3
CORRECT SOLUTIONS
___________________________________________
Make sure your scantron has your name and code on it.
What
proof
do
we
have
that
a
closeby
SN
exploded
just
before
the
C
formaWon
of
the
Solar
System?
A:
That
Earth
contains
uranium.
B:
That
Earth
contains
chemical
elements
heavier
than
iron.
C:
The
existence
of
trapped
Xe-‐129
in
some
meteorites.
D:
That
the
solar
system
contains
metals
at
all.
E:
That
the
Sun
is
not
pure
hydrogen.
ProducWon,
out
of
nucleus
X,
of
nuclei
other
than
X
cannot
produce
A
energy.
What
is
X?
A:
Fe.
B:
He.
C:
H.
D:
U.
E:
C.
E What
triggered
the
collapse
of
the
gas
cloud
that
gave
birth
to
the
Sun?
A:
A
collision
with
another
star.
B:
The
capture
of
the
Earth.
C:
A
sudden
strengthening
of
the
magneEc
field
of
the
Galaxy.
D:
It
was
a
spontaneous
collapse.
E:
A
nearby
supernova
explosion.
D What
is
the
observaWonal
basis
of
the
classificaWon
of
supernovae?
A:
The
apparent
magnitude
at
maximum
brightness.
B:
The
temperature
of
the
expansion
as
measured
by
the
color
of
the
supernova.
C:
The
relaEve
strength
of
H-‐alpha,
H-‐beta,
and
H-‐gamma
lines
in
the
spectrum.
D:
The
presence
or
absence
of
H,
He,
Si
lines
in
the
spectrum.
E:
The
rate
of
expansion
as
measured
by
the
Doppler
shi`.
B How
much
does
an
Earth-‐sized
diamond
weigh,
and
what
is
it
called?
A:
Weights
0.5
solar
masses
and
is
called
a
dwarf
galaxy.
B:
Weighs
one
solar
mass
and
is
called
a
white
dwarf.
C:
Weighs
one
hundred
solar
masses
and
is
called
a
Type-‐II
supernova.
D:
Weighs
one
solar
mass
and
is
called
a
neutron
star.
E:
Weighs
as
much
as
Earth
and
is
called
a
special
terrestrial
planet.
A The
final
stage
of
the
evoluWon
of
the
Sun
is
a
…
A:
white
dwarf.
B:
main
sequence
star.
C:
planetary
nebula.
D:
supernova.
E:
red
giant.
7
C How
come
we
can
see
black
holes,
when
they
are
black?
A:
But
we
don't:
they
exist
only
in
theory
but
have
not
been
observed.
B:
It
obscures
the
light
of
stars
that
are
behind
it.
C:
When
ma]er
falls
into
the
black
hole,
it
radiates
just
before
falling
in.
D:
Because
they
are
not
in
fact
black
but
radiate
X-‐rays
due
to
a
quantum
process.
E:
They
have
a
strong
magneEc
field.
How
long
would
(chemical)
burning
be
able
to
maintain
the
energy
of
the
A
Sun?
A:
A
few
hundred
years.
B:
1
year.
C:
6000
years.
D:
10
billion
hears.
E:
A
million
years.
How
do
we
determine
the
distance
of
stars
that
are
too
far
for
the
parallax
D
method
to
work?
A:
Measuring
the
amount
of
interstellar
dust
in
front
of
the
star
using
spectroscopy.
B:
Measuring
how
much
the
star
shi`s
in
the
sky
due
to
the
moEon
of
Earth
around
the
Sun.
C:
Measuring
the
star's
redshi`
and
applying
Hubble's
law.
D:
Using
the
HRD
to
tell
the
absolute
magnitude,
then
comparing
it
to
the
apparent
magnitude.
E:
Using
radar,
by
measuring
the
Eme
radio
waves
are
reflected
from
the
star.
Which
of
the
following
best
describes
the
substance
of
a
planetary
C
nebula?
A:
A
mixture
of
dense
gas
and
dust.
B:
CollecEon
of
dust
parEcles.
C:
Almost
complete
vacuum.
D:
Liquid
droplets
suspended
in
hydrogen
gas.
E:
Gas
like
air.
How
bright
is
an
average
supernova?
For
comparison,
a
large
galaxy's
A
absolute
brightness
is
about
-‐21
mg.
A:
M=-‐18
mg.
B:
M=5
mg
C:
M=-‐12
mg
D:
M=0
mg
E:
M=-‐31
mg
D A
HII
zone
…
A:
is
usually
blue.
B:
contains
molecular
hydrogen.
C:
is
usually
white/gray.
D:
is
usually
red.
E:
contains
atomic
hydrogen.
9
C:
It
has
no
energy
source
now,
but
it
is
sEll
hot
and
cooling
off
slowly.
D:
The
energy
of
radioacEve
decays.
E:
Hydrogen
to
helium
fusion.
Strong
ultraviolet
radiaWon
comes
only
from
stars
of
spectral
type
…,
and
E
why?
A:
K
&
M,
because
these
are
hot
enough.
B:
All
spectral
types,
because
UV
producEon
does
not
depend
on
temperature.
C:
All
spectral
types,
because
they
are
all
hot.
D:
None,
because
stars
do
not
radiate
in
UV.
E:
O
&
B,
because
these
are
hot
enough.
Where
has
the
oxygen
that
now
consWtutes
part
of
Earth's
atmosphere
B
been
manufactured?
A:
Underground
in
side
Earth.
B:
In
red
giants.
C:
In
exploding
supernovae.
D:
In
interstellar
space.
E:
On
the
surface
of
Earth,
when
algae
turned
carbon
into
oxygen.
D How
large
is
a
black
hole
with
the
same
mass
as
the
Sun?
A:
A
thousand
miles.
B:
A
hundred
thousand
light
years.
C:
A
light
year.
D:
One
mile.
E:
A
hundred
astronomical
units.
C The
chemical
composiWon
of
a
0.5
solar
mass
white
dwarf
would
be
…
A:
Hydrogen
and
helium.
B:
Mostly
iron.
C:
Carbon
and
oxygen.
D:
Pure
hydrogen.
E:
Metals
heavier
than
iron.