IOQM Special DPP

(Source: Vikas Tiwari Sir Book)

Compiled by Prashant Jain (PJ Sir)
Follow him on Telegram @prmo2020
Build-up Your Understanding 1
1. Of the three angles of a triangle, one is twice the smallest and another is three times the smallest.
Find the angles.

3. If the angles of a triangle are in the ratio 5 : 7 : 6, determine the three angles.

4. The difference between two angles of a triangles is 24°. All angles are numerically double digits.
Find the number of possible values of third angle.

5. In ABC, the angle bisectors of the exterior angles of ∠A and ∠B intersect opposite sides CB
produced and AC produced at D and E respectively, and AD = AB = BE. Then find angle A.

7. In a regular polygon an interior angle is four times bigger than corresponding external angle. Find
the number of sides of the polygon.

8. The interior angle of a n sided regular polygon is 48° more than the interior angle of a regular
hexagon. Find n.

9. The interior angles of a polygon are in Arithmetic Progression. The smallest interior angle is 120°
and common difference is 5°. Find the number of sides.

10. If in a convex polygon, the sum of all interior angles excluding one is 2210°, then find the
excluded angle and number of sides of the polygon.

11. In a convex polygon the sum of all interior angles is less than 2017°. Find the maximum number
of sides.

12. If all exterior angles of a polygon are obtuse then find the number of sides of the polygon.

13. In the adjacent diagram, Find ∠A + ∠B + ∠C + ∠D + ∠E + ∠F + ∠G.

16. In ABC, AB = AC. D is a point on BC such that AB = CD. E on AB such that DE ⊥ AB. Prove that 2
∠ADE = 3∠B.

17. Given a quadrilateral ABCD, E is a point on AD. F is a point inside ABCD such that CF, EF bisects
1
∠ACB and ∠BED respectively. Prove that ∠CFE = 90° + (∠CAD + ∠CBE).
2

18. Two regular octagons and one square completely cover the part of a plane around a point
without any overlapping shown in the figure. Find all the other possible combinations of three
regular polygons, two of which are congruent and one different.

19. Three regular polygons have one vertex in common and just fill the whole space at that vertex. If
1 1 1 1
the number of sides of the polygons are a, b, c respectively, prove that + + = . Also find all
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 2
possible (a, b, c) with a ≤ b ≤ c.

Build-up Your Understanding 2

4. In the figure point D is an interior point of equilateral triangle ABC. It is given that DA = DB. Point E
is also given so that ∠DBE = ∠DBC and BE = AB. Find ∠E.

8. In figure, AD, BE are the altitudes of ABC with orthocentre H, which lies in the interior of the
triangle. If BH = AC, Find ∠B.

9. Triangle ABC is a right triangle with ∠A = 30° and ∠C = 90°. Segment DE is perpendicular to AC at D
and AD = CB as indicated in the fi gure.

Find DE, if DE + AC = 4.

10. Each side of square ABCD has length 1 unit. Points P and Q belong to AB and DA, respectively.
Find ∠PCQ if the perimeter of APQ is 2 units. The square is shown in the fi gure.
12. Given that ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 1, BDC is isosceles with DB = DC outward of
ABC and ∠BDC = 120°. If points M and N are on AB and AC respectively such that ∠MDN = 60°, fi nd
the perimeter of AMN.

13. In the equilateral ABC, the points D and E are on AC and AB respectively, such that BD and CE
intersect at P, and the area of the quadrilateral ADPE is equal to area of BPC, find ∠BPE.

17. In an isosceles triangle ABC, AB = BC, ∠B = 20°. M, N are on AB and BC respectively such that
∠MCA = 60°, ∠NAC = 50°. Find ∠NMC in degrees. [Moscow MO, 1952]

18. Isosceles triangle ABC is shown in the fi gure. In that triangle, ∠A = ∠B = 80° and cevian AM is
drawn to side BC so that CM = AB. Find ∠AMB (see Figure 8.5).

20. In ABC, ∠C = 48°. D is any point on BC, such that ∠CAD = 18° and AC = BD. Find ∠ABD.

Build-up Your Understanding 3

1. Find the number of triangles with integral side lengths such that second largest side is 4 and only
one side being largest.

2. Let each side of the triangle is a prime number and divisor of 2001. Find the number of such
triangles.

3. Find the number of isosceles triangles with integral side lengths and having perimeter 144 and
only one side being largest.

10. Two villages A and B lie opposite side of a river whose banks are parallel lines. A bridge is to be
built over the river, perpendicular to the bank. Where the bridge should be built so that the path
from one village to other is as short as possible.

14. An ant sits on one vertex of a solid cube. Find the shortest path on the surface to reach opposite
vertex.

15. An ant sits on the outside surface of a cylindrical drinking glass. There is a honey drop at some
point on inside surface of the glass. Find the shortest possible length the ant must crawl to reach the
point of honey drop.

16. An ant sits on the circumference of a right circular cone. Without changing its sense of motion
about the axis of cone, it completes one round trip and reaches the starting point. Find the shortest
possible path. The semi vertical angle of cone is less than 30°. Also discuss the case if semi vertical
angle is more than 30°.
17. An ant sits at P, on the circumference of a right circular cone of semi-vertical angle such that 𝜃 <
1
sin−1 ( ) . Without changing its sense of motion about the axis of cone, it completes one round trip
4
and reaches on the line OP where ‘O’ is the vertex of the cone. Find the shortest possible path.

Build-up Your Understanding 4

1. Let ABC be a triangle and D, E are points on the segment BC, CA respectively, such that AE = λAC
and BD = μBC. Let AD, BE intersects at F. Find, in terms of λ and μ, the ratio AF : FD.

2. In DABC, AB = AC = 115, AD = 38, and CF = 77 where D lies on AB and F lies on AC produced. DF

[𝐶𝐸𝐹]
intersects BC at E. Compute [𝐷𝐵𝐸].

3. As shown in the figure, triangle ABC is divided into six smaller triangles by lines drawn from the
vertices through a common interior point. The areas of these triangles are as indicated. Find the area
of the triangle ABC. [AIME, 1985]

4. In ABC, E, F, G are points on AB, BC, CA respectively such that AE : EB = BF: FC = CG : GA = 1 : 3. K,

L, M are the intersection points of the lines AF and CE, BG and AF, CE and BG, respectively. Suppose
the area of ABC is 1; find the area of KLM.

6. In rectangle ABCD, G and H are trisection points of AD, and E and F are trisection points of BC. If
AB = 360 and BC = 450, compute the area of PQRS.

8. In the figure ABCD is a convex quadrilateral. AC and BD intersect at E. P, Q are the mid-points of
AC and BD respectively. Given that AE = λAC and BE = μBD.

(i) Find the ratios AR : RD and BS : SC (in terms of λ and μ).

(ii) Suppose the area of ABCD is 1. What is the area of ABSR?

9. Given non-collinear points A, B, C, segment BA is trisected by points D and E, and F is the mid-
point of segment AC. DF and BF intersect CE at G and H, respectively. If [EDG] = 18, compute [FGH].
13. In trapezoid ABCD with bases AB and CD, AB = 14 and CD = 6. Points E and F lie on AB, such that
AD || CE and BC || DF. Segments DF and CE intersect at G, and AG intersects BC at H. Compute
[𝐶𝐺𝐻]
[𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷]
.

14. Let P be an interior point of the triangle ABC and extend lines from the vertices through P to the
opposite side. Let a, b, c and d denote the lengths of segments indicated in the figure. Find the
product abc if a + b + c = 43 and d = 3. [AIME, 1988]

15. Let P be an interior point of DABC. Let BP, CP meet AC, AB in E and F respectively. If [BPF] = 4,
[BPC] = 8 and [CPE] = 1, find [AFPE].

Build-up Your Understanding 5

1. In the given figure, what is the ratio of the areas of the two shaded triangles?

2. In the given figure, what is the ratio of the shaded area to the area of one of the five congruent
triangles?

3. What is the area of the shaded region in the figure.

10. In triangle ABC, X and Y be the feet of perpendiculars from vertex A to the internal angle bisector
of ∠B and ∠C respectively. Line XY meets AB at P and AC at Q. If AB = 7 cm, BC = 8 cm and CA = 5 cm
then find PQ and XY.

11. We are given a triangle with the following property: One of its angles is quadrisected (divided
into four equal angles) by the altitude, the angle bisector, and the median from that vertex. This
property uniquely determines the triangle (up to scaling). Find the measure of the quadrisected
angle.
20. The mid-point of the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle ABC, right angled at B is M. A line is
drawn perpendicular to the hypotenuse through M, in such a way, that the portion of it lying inside
the triangle is 3 cm long and outside the triangle, up to the other side is 9 cm. Find the length of the
hypotenuse.

25. Find the angle x in adjacent figure.

Build-up Your Understanding 6

1. Two sides of a triangle are 4 and 9. The median drawn to third side has length 6. Find the length of
the third side.

2. ABC is an isosceles triangle with AC = BC. The medians AD and BE are perpendicular to each other
and intersect at G. If GD = a unit, fi nd the area of the quadrilateral CDGE.

3. A right triangle has legs a and b and the hypotenuse c. Two segments from the right angle to the
𝑐
hypotenuse are drawn, dividing it into three equal parts of length 𝑥 = . If the segments have length
3
p and q, prove that p2 + q2 = 5x2.

4. Let ABC be a triangle and let D, E, F lie on the sides BC, CA, AB respectively, such that AD, BE and
CF are concurrent at P. Given that AP = 6, BP = 9, PD = 6, PE = 3, and CF = 20, find the [ABC].

5. In ABD, DB is perpendicular to AC at B so that AB = 2 and BC = 3 as shown in the figure.

Furthermore, ∠ADC = 45°. Use this information to find the area of ADC.

6. On side AB of square ABCD right DABF with hypotenuse AB is drawn externally to the square. If AF
= 6 and BF = 8, find EF where E is the point of intersection of diagonals of the square. Also find EF
when ABF is drawn internally to the square.

7. Point P on side AB of right ABC is such that BP = PA = 2. Point Q is on the hypotenuse AC so that
PQ is perpendicular to AC. If CB = 3 find the length of BQ. Also fi nd the area of the quadrilateral
CBPQ.
Build-up Your Understanding 7
6. In square ABCD, line segments are drawn from A to the mid-point of BC, from B to the mid-point
of CD, from C to the mid-point of DA, and from D to the midpoint of AB. The four segments form a
smaller square within square ABCD. If AB = 1, what is the area of the smaller square?

7. If area of a parallelogram is 6 units square and an octagon is formed by intersections of lines

joining each vertex of the parallelogram to the mid-points of opposite sides of it, then find the area
of the octagon.

8. Consider trapezium ABCD such that AB || DC, AB = 4, DC =10, diagonals AC and BD are
perpendiculars to each other. Sides DA and CB extended meets each other at E. ∠DEC = 45°. Find the
area of the trapezium.

11. A trapezoid was formed by truncating an isosceles triangle ABC, through two points, taken as
BE ∩ ̅̅̅̅
follows: D on AB and E on AC. BE and CD are connected. ̅̅̅̅ CD = {F} The area of the original
triangle ABC is 60 cm and that of the trapezoid is 45 cm . Find the area of BFC.
2 2

Build-up Your Understanding 9

𝐵𝐷 𝐴𝐸
2. In ΔABC points D and E respectively divide the sides BC and CA in the ratios = 𝑚, = 𝑛. The
𝐷𝐶 𝐸𝐶
𝐴𝑋
segment AD and BE intersect in a point X. Find the ratio .
𝑋𝐷

Build-up Your Understanding 10

5. A triangle inscribed in a circle of radius 5 has 2 sides measuring 5 and 6 respectively. Find the
measure of the third side of the triangle.

11. Chords AB and CD of a circle intersect at a point E inside the circle. Let M be an interior point of
the segment EB. The tangent line at E to the circle through D, E and M intersects the lines BC and AC
𝐴𝑀 𝐸𝐺
at F and G, respectively. If = 𝑡, 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 in terms of t.
𝐴𝐵 𝐸𝐹

Build-up Your Understanding 11

3. Let ω1 and ω2 be concentric circles, with ω1 in the interior of ω1. From a point A on ω1 one
draws the tangent AB to ω2 (B∈ω2). Let C be the second point of intersection of AB and ω1, and let
D be the mid-point of AB. A line passing through A intersects ω2 at E and F in such a way that the
perpendicular bisectors of DE and CF intersect at a point M on AB. Find, with proof, the ratio
AM/MC. [USA MO, 1998]

7. Let G be centroid of an ΔABC and circumcircle of ΔAGC touches the side AB at A. Given BC = 6, AC
= 8 find AB.

Build-up Your Understanding 12

9. ABC is a triangle. Circles with radii as shown are drawn inside the triangle each touching two sides
and the incircle. Find the radius of the incircle of the ΔABC.

12. Three circles O1(r1), O2(r2) and O3(r3) touch each other externally. The line l is tangent to O1(r2)
and parallel to the exterior common tangent m to O2(r2) and O3(r3) which does not intersect O1(r1).
Find the distance between the lines l and m.

Build-up Your Understanding 14

3. ABCD is a trapezium such that AB and CD are parallel and CB is perpendicular to them. If ∠ADB =
60°, BC = 4 and CD = 3, then find the length of side AB.

Build-up Your Understanding 15

5. A ring, 10 cm, in diameter, is suspended from a point 12 cm, above its centre by 6 equal strings
attached to its circumference at equal intervals. Find the cosine of the angle between consecutive
strings.

8. Determine all triples (a, b, c) of positive integers which are the lengths of the sides of a triangle
inscribed in a circle of diameter 6.25 units.

Build-up Your Understanding 16

6. The measures of the sides of a triangle are integers and the area of the triangle is also an integer.
One side is 21 and perimeter 48. Find the shortest side as well as the area of the triangle.

Build-up Your Understanding 18

3. Obtain a relation between the shortest diagonal, longest diagonal and a side of a regular nonagon.

Problem 16 Let, ABC be an acute angled triangle and CD be the altitude through C. If AB = 8 units
and CD = 6 units, find the distance between the mid-points of AD and BC.

Problem 20 A rhombus has half the area of the square with the same side length. Find the ratio of
the longer diagonal to that of the shorter one.
Problem 21 Two vertical poles 20 m and 80 m high stand apart on a horizontal plane. The height of
the point of intersection of the lines joining the top of each pole to the foot of the other is in metres.
Find a.

ABF and CDF are similar

Problem 22 A ball of diameter 13 cm is floating so that the top of the ball is 4 cm above the smooth
surface of the pond. What is the circumference in centimetres of the circle formed by the contact of
the water surface with the ball.

Problem 25 In a D ABC, the incircle touches the sides BC, CA and AB at D, E and F respectively. If the
radius of the incircle is 4 units and, if BD, CE and AF are consecutive integers, find the lengths of the
sides of the triangle.

Problem 28 A circle of radius r touches a straight line at a point M. Two points A and B are chosen on
this line on opposite sides of M, such that MA = MB = a. Find the radius of the circle passing through
A and B and touching the given circles, respectively.

Check Your Understanding

7. The larger base of an isosceles trapezoid equals a diagonal and the smaller base equals the
altitude of the trapezoid. Find the ratio of the smaller base to the larger base of this trapezoid.

13. The diameter AB of a circle is divided into four equal parts at P, Q, R in that order. CD is a chord
of the circle through P, such that, 2PD = 3AP. Find the ratio of the area of quadrilateral ACBD to that
of triangle CAP.
 Answer Key
Build-up Your Understanding 1
1. 30°, 60°, 90°

3. 50°, 70°, 60°

4. 45

5. 12°

7. 10

8. 30

9. 9

10. 15 and excluded angle 130°

11. 13

12. 3

13. 540°

18. 12, 12, 3; 5, 5, 10

19. (a, b, c) (3, 7, 42), (3, 8, 24), (3, 9, 18), (3, 10, 15), (3, 12, 12), (4, 5, 20), (4, 6, 12), (4, 8, 8), (5, 4,
20), (5, 5, 10), (6, 4, 12), (6, 6, 6)

Build-up Your Understanding 2

4. 30°.

8. 45°

9. 1

10. 45°

12. 2

13. 60°

17. 45°

18. 30°

Build-up Your Understanding 3

1. 6
2. 7

3. 35

14. Open the cube as shown in the following figure.

This is a flat diagram of a cube net, such that you could cut it out and fold it to make the cube. In the
figure there are two acceptable routes, we can easily see that there are in total six such routes.
Through each root we will travel 5 units assuming side of the cube 1 unit.

15. Open the surface so that glass become flat as shown in the figure.

16. Cut the cone through a generatrix passing through the vertex and make it flat as shown:
 𝑎𝑟𝑐 2𝜋𝑙 sin 𝜃
𝛼= = = 2𝜋 sin 𝜃
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑙
𝛼
⇒ 𝐴𝐴′ = 2𝐴𝑀 = 2𝑙 sin = 2𝑙 sin(𝜋 sin 𝜃)
2
Shortest path is AA’ = 2l sin( sin ) ≤ 2l , for  < 30°.

Shortest path is AOA’ = 2l > 2l sin( sin ), for  ≥ 30°.

17. Cut the cone through a generatrix passing through the vertex and make it flat as shown:
Let AL be perpendicular to OA′ at L.
1
Then AL=l sin 𝛼 = 𝑙 sin(2𝜋 sin 𝜃) < 𝑙, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝜃 < sin−1 ( )
4

Build-up Your Understanding 4

𝜆
1.
𝜇(1−𝜆)

19
2.
96

3. 315
4
4.
13

6. 4500
 𝐴𝑅 2𝜇−1 𝐵𝑆 2𝜆−1
8. (𝑖 ) = ; =
𝑅𝐷 2𝜆−1 𝐶𝑆 2𝜇−1

9
9.
5
27
13.
160

14. 441
7
15.
5

Build-up Your Understanding 5

9
1.
4
3
2.
2

11. 45°–45°–90° triangle and quadrisected angle is right.

Build-up Your Understanding 6

1. 5√2

3. 𝑎2 √5

4. 108

5. 15

6. 7√2, 6√2
4√13 126
7. ;
5 25

Build-up Your Understanding 7

1
6.
5

7. 1 unit square
140
8. unit square
3

11. 20 unit square

Build-up Your Understanding 9

𝐴𝑋 𝑛(𝑚+1)
2. =
𝑋𝐷 𝑚
Build-up Your Understanding 10
5. 4 + 3√3
𝐸𝐺 𝑡
11. =
𝐸𝐹 1−𝑡

Build-up Your Understanding 11

5
3.
3

7. 5√2

Build-up Your Understanding 12

9. 11 units
2
2𝑟2 𝑟3 (√𝑟1 +𝑟2 +𝑟3 +√𝑟1 )
12. (𝑟2 +𝑟3 )2

Build-up Your Understanding 14

25√3
3.
4+3√3

Build-up Your Understanding 15

313
5.
338

8. (5, 5, 6), (5, 6, 5), (6, 5, 5)

Build-up Your Understanding 16

6. Shortest side is 10 units and area is 84 sq. units.

Build-up Your Understanding 18

3. Let ‘a’ be the measure of a side, b the shortest diagonal and d the longest diagonal of a regular
nonagon, then a + b = d.

Check Your Understanding

 3
7.
5
28
13.
3