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WHO Recommendations On Self-Care Interventions
WHO Recommendations On Self-Care Interventions
self-care interventions
Self-administration of injectable
contraception
S
WHO consolidated guidelines on
What is self care?
self-care interventions
WHO’s definition of self care is the ability • Worldwide, an estimated shortage of 18 million
of individuals, families and communities health workers is anticipated by 2030.
to promote health, prevent disease, • At least 400 million people worldwide lack access
maintain health, and cope with illness to the most essential health services.
• During humanitarian emergencies, including
and disability with or without the support
pandemics, routine health services are disrupted
of a health-care provider.
and existing health systems can be over-stretched.
DMPA
• The most widely-used progestogen-only Current challenges to health
injectable is depot medroxyprogesterone
acetate (DMPA). DMPA is effective for up to four
systems to provide family planning/
months. The injectable can be delivered into the contraception services
muscle (intramuscular injection), or just under
the skin (subcutaneous injection). Following • 214 million women of reproductive age
either kind of injection, the hormone is released in developing countries who want to
slowly into the bloodstream. avoid pregnancy are not using a modern
contraceptive method.
• DMPA is a very effective contraceptive. When
individuals are injected on time, fewer than 1 • Reasons for not using contraception include:
pregnancy per 100 users will occur. limited choice of methods; fear or experience
of side-effects; cultural or religious opposition;
poor quality of available services; user and
health worker bias; gender-based barriers.
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infographics/en/
WHO recommends that self-administered injectable
contraception (depot medroxyprogesterone acetate
in its subcutaneous form – DMPA SC) should be made
available as an additional approach to deliver injectable
contraception for individuals of reproductive age.
5. Dispose of the
needle safely
1. Choose a correct 2. Mix the solution. 3. Push the cap and 4. Pinch your skin into
injection site. Either Hold the device by the port together to a “tent”. Put the
the belly or front of the port (not the cap) close the gap needle into the skin,
thigh and shake for and squeeze the 6. Plan for your
30 seconds reservoir slowly next injection
2
Eligibility should be verified according to the WHO Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use
Two controlled cohort studies showed increased injection site reactions with self-administered DMPA-SC. S
Considerations for success for Enabling access to self-administered
self-administration of injectable injectable contraception
contraception
Programme managers and policymakers should
• Information and support – Individuals must be ensure that users are able to procure injectable
provided with clear information related to self- contraceptives on a regular basis without needing
administration (including appropriate and safe to repeatedly visit a health-care facility. Additionally,
arrangements for storing sharps at home). DMPA in its intramuscular and subcutaneous form,
including the delivery system for self-administration,
• Supportive health system – Self-injection is are included in WHO’s Essential Medicines List.
recommended where mechanisms to provide the
woman with appropriate information and training Countries can enable greater access if they include
exist, referral linkages to health workers are strong, self-administered DMPA-SC on their Essential
and where monitoring and follow-up can be ensured. Medicines List, work towards procurement of the
medication, and allow them to be sold or distributed
• Quality products – Relevant regulatory agencies through pharmacies.
should ensure that quality products are available in
adequate quantities and appropriate dosages. SELF-CARE INTERVENTIONS
FOR HEALTH: SEXUAL &
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
AND RIGHTS
Communications Toolkit
• Policy and regulatory frameworks – Existing 01 Introduction to this toolkit
national sexual and reproductive health policies and 02 Overview: Background to self-care
interventions and key messages
References:
WHO Consolidated Guideline on Self-Care Interventions for Task sharing to improve access to Family Planning/
Health Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights Contraception – Summary Brief
https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/hand https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259633/WHO-RHR-
le/10665/325480/9789241550550-eng.pdf?ua=1 17.20-eng.pdf?sequence=1
Family planning: A global handbook for providers (2018 Family planning/Contraception Overview – WHO website
Edition) https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/family_planning
https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/hand
le/10665/260156/9780999203705-eng.pdf?sequence=1 WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (21st List – 2019)
https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/325771/WHO-MVP-
Family planning/Contraception Key Facts – WHO website EMP-IAU-2019.06-eng.pdf?ua=1
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/family-planning-
contraception
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interventions
WHO/SRH/20.9
© World Health Organization 2020
Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence
(CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).