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    Carbohydrates can be classified as either sugars or non-sugars. Sugars include monosaccharides with one sugar molecule and oligosaccharides with 2-10 sugar molecules. Non-sugars are polysaccharides made of two or more sugar molecules and include homopolysaccharides like starch, glycogen, and cellulose or heteropolysaccharides such as heparin, pectin, and hyaluronic acid. Sugars are further classified based on the number of sugar molecules they contain such as disaccharides, trisaccharides, and tetrasaccharides. Monosaccharides include hexoses like glucose, fructose, and galactose as well as pentoses, trioses, and other

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    Carbohydrates can be classified as either sugars or non-sugars. Sugars include monosaccharides with one sugar molecule and oligosaccharides with 2-10 sugar molecules. Non-sugars are polysaccharides made of two or more sugar molecules and include homopolysaccharides like starch, glycogen, and cellulose or heteropolysaccharides such as heparin, pectin, and hyaluronic acid. Sugars are further classified based on the number of sugar molecules they contain such as disaccharides, trisaccharides, and tetrasaccharides. Monosaccharides include hexoses like glucose, fructose, and galactose as well as pentoses, trioses, and other

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    43 views1 page

    Carbo

    Uploaded by

    MonaVargas
    Carbohydrates can be classified as either sugars or non-sugars. Sugars include monosaccharides with one sugar molecule and oligosaccharides with 2-10 sugar molecules. Non-sugars are polysaccharides made of two or more sugar molecules and include homopolysaccharides like starch, glycogen, and cellulose or heteropolysaccharides such as heparin, pectin, and hyaluronic acid. Sugars are further classified based on the number of sugar molecules they contain such as disaccharides, trisaccharides, and tetrasaccharides. Monosaccharides include hexoses like glucose, fructose, and galactose as well as pentoses, trioses, and other

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    of 1

    CARBOHYDRATES

    Sugars Non-Sugars

    Polysachharides
    (2 or more sugar
    Monosaccharides Oligosaccharides molecules)
    (one sugar molecule) (2-10 sugar molecules)

    Homopolysaccharides Heteropolysaccharides

    Disaccharides Trisaccharides Tetrasaccharides


     Starch  Heparin
    (two sugar (three sugar (four sugar
    (Amylose &  Pectin
    molecules) molecules) molecules)
    Amylopectin)  Agar
     Glycogen  Mucopolysacc
    (Granules) harides
     Maltose  Raffinose  Cellulose  Hyaluronic
    (Glucose+Glucose)  Manotriose (Fibers) acid
     Sucrose  Chitin  Keratan
    (Glucose+Fructose)  Insulin sulphate
     Lactose  Stachyose  Dextran
    (Galactose+Glucose)
     Lactulose
    (Galactose+Fructose)

    Adoses and Ketoses

     Diose (2C)
    o Glycoaldehyde or
    Hydroxyacetaldehyde
     Triose (3C)
    o Glyceraldehyde (Aldotriose)
    o Dihydroxyactone (Ketotriose)
     Tetrose (4C)
    o Erythrose
     Pentose (5C)
    o Ribose & Xylose (Aldopentose)
    o Ribulose & Xylulose (Ketopentose)
     Hexose (6C)
    o Glucose
    o Fructose
    o Galactose
    o Mannose
     Heptose (7C)
     Nonose (9C)
    o Sialic acid

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