Meaning and Characteristics of Research

Research – the systematic study of trend or event which

involves careful collection, presentation, analysis, and
interpretation of quantitative data or facts that relates
man’s thinking with reality

Characteristics of Research
1. Empirical. Research is based on direct experience or
observation by researcher. The collection of data
relies on practical experience without giving
consideration to scientific knowledge or theory.
2. Logical. Research is based on valid procedures and
principles. Scientific study is done in an orderly
manner so that the investigator has confidence on the
results.
3. Cyclical. Research is a cyclical process because it
starts with a problem and ends with a problem.
4. Analytical. Research utilizes proven analytical
(analysis or logical reasoning) procedures in
gathering the data.
5. Critical. Research exhibits careful and precise
judgement.
 6. Methodical. Research is conducted in a methodical
manner without bias using systematic method and
procedures.
7. Replicability. The research design and procedures are
replicated or repeated to enable the researcher arrive
at valid and conclusive results. Similarities and
differences of replicated researchers can be
compared. Replicability of the study means using the
same instrument, method, and procedure but to
different subjects and venue.

Characteristics of a Research Problem

Specific – The problem should be explicitly stated.
Measurable – It is easy to measure by using research
instruments, apparatus, or equipment.
Achievable – The data are attainable using correct
statistical tools to arrive at precise results.
Realistic – Real results are attained because they are
gathered scientifically and not manipulated or
maneuvered.
Time bound – Time frame is required every activity
because the shorter completion of the activity, the better.
Criteria of a Good Research Problem
1. Interesting – attracts the attention of the researcher
and other people to conduct the research project
even without incentive.
2. Innovative – It is advisable that a research problem is
something novel, original, and unique to attract the
attention of the people and contribute to the
economic development to the community.
3. Cost Effective – A good research problem should be
economical and effective in solving the needs and
problems of the society.
4. Relevant to the needs and problems of the people.
Researchers must keep in mind that they conduct
research not for their personal aggrandizement but to
solve the needs and problems of the people. It
responds to the needs and problems of the people.
5. Relevant to government’s/administration’s thrusts.
A research must respond to the government’s/
administration’s thrusts.