FRACTIONS, DECIMALS, PERCENTS

Fractions are not just there to give you a headache. Actually, you probably already use fractions without even
knowing it. And without fractions, you wouldn't be able to tell time or cook with recipes.
Imagine you're shopping with your ₱100 birthday money. You really want a few items had your eye on for a
while, but they're all very expensive. You're waiting for the items to go on sale, and when they do, you rush down
to the store. Instead of being marked with a new price, though, the store has a large sign that reads: All items are
you've currently 75% off. This sounds like great news, but without doing some math, there's no way to know if
you have enough money. Knowing that 75% is 3⁄4 off the cost of each item is the best way to get started. Who
knew that fractions could help your wardrobe?
Let us first recall the following important concepts:
A fraction is a part of a whole in the form a. The variable a above the fraction bar is b called the numerator. It tells
how many parts of a whole are being considered. On the other hand, the variable b below the fraction bar is called
the denominator. It indicates into how many equal parts a whole is divided. The numerator and the denominator
are called the terms of a fraction.

EQUIVALENT FRACTIONS
Some fractions may look different, but are really the same.
It is usually best to show an answer using the simplest fraction ( 1/2 in this case ).That is called Simplifying, or
Reducing the Fraction.
Now, let us discuss the processes in performing FUNDAMENTAL OPERATIONS ON FRACTIONS. There are
four fundamental operations on fractions:
1. Addition of Fractions
2. Subtraction of Fractions
3. Multiplication of Fractions
4. Division of Fractions

Addition/Subtraction of Fractions:
• Step 1: Make sure the bottom numbers (the denominators) are the same
• Step 2: Add or subtract the top numbers (the numerators), put that answer over the denominator
• Step 3: Simplify the fraction (if needed)

1 1
Example 1: + =?
3 6
Solution:
1 1 2 1 2+ 1 3 1
+ = + = = =
3 6 6 6 6 6 2