10.

2 C A L C U L U S W I T H PA R A M E T R I C C U RV E S

1–2 Find dy兾dx. 20–23 Set up, but do not evaluate, an integral that represents the
length of the curve.
1. x 苷 st ⫺ t, y苷t ⫺t 3
2. x 苷 t ln t, y 苷 sin t
2

20. x 苷 t 3, y 苷 t 4, 0艋t艋1

3–6 Find an equation of the tangent to the curve at the point 21. x 苷 t ,
2
y 苷 1 ⫹ 4t, 0艋t艋2
corresponding to the given value of the parameter.
22. x 苷 t sin t, y 苷 t cos t, 0 艋 t 艋 ␲兾2
3. x 苷 t 2 ⫹ t, y 苷 t 2 ⫺ t ; t苷0 ⫺t
23. x 苷 e , y 苷 te , 2t
⫺1 艋 t 艋 1
4. x 苷 t sin t, y 苷 t cos t ; t苷␲
5. x 苷 t 2 ⫹ t, y 苷 st ; t苷4
24–29 Find the length of the curve.
6. x 苷 2 sin ␪, y 苷 3 cos ␪ ; ␪ 苷 ␲兾4 24. x 苷 t 3, y 苷 t 2, 0艋t艋4

25. x 苷 3t ⫺ t 3, y 苷 3t 2, 0艋t艋2
7–10 Find an equation of the tangent to the curve at the given
point by two methods: (a) without eliminating the parameter 26. x 苷 2 ⫺ 3 sin ␪, 2
y 苷 cos 2␪, 0 艋 ␪ 艋 ␲兾2
and (b) by first eliminating the parameter.
27. x 苷 1 ⫹ 2 sin ␲ t, y 苷 3 ⫺ 2 cos ␲ t, 0 艋 t 艋 1
7. x 苷 2t ⫹ 3, y 苷 t 2 ⫹ 2t ; 共5, 3兲
28. x 苷 5t ⫹ 1,
2
y 苷 4 ⫺ 3t 2, 0艋t艋2
8. x 苷 5 cos t, y 苷 5 sin t ; 共3, 4兲
29. x 苷 e t cos t, y 苷 e t sin t, 0艋t艋␲
9. x 苷 1 ⫺ t, y 苷 1 ⫺ t 2 ; 共1, 1兲
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

10. x 苷 t 3, y 苷 t 2 ; 共1, 1兲
CAS 30. Graph the curve

11–18 Find dy兾dx and d 2 y兾dx 2. x 苷 t cos t ⫹ sin t y 苷 t sin t ⫺ cos t ⫺␲ 艋 t 艋 ␲

11. x 苷 t 2 ⫹ t, y 苷 t2 ⫹ 1 Then use a CAS or a table of integrals to find the exact length
of the curve.
12. x 苷 t ⫹ 2 cos t, y 苷 sin 2t
31. Use Simpson’s Rule with n 苷 10 to estimate the length of the
13. x 苷 t ⫺ 1,
4
y 苷 t ⫺ t2
curve x 苷 ln t, y 苷 e⫺t, 1 艋 t 艋 2.
14. x 苷 t ⫹ t ⫹ 1,
3 2
y苷1⫺t 2
32. Set up, but do not evaluate, an integral that represents the area
15. x 苷 sin ␲ t, y 苷 cos ␲ t of the surface obtained by rotating the curve x 苷 t 3, y 苷 t 4,
0 艋 t 艋 1 about the x-axis.
16. x 苷 1 ⫹ tan t, y 苷 cos 2t
⫺t
17. x 苷 e , y 苷 te 2t 33–35 Find the area of the surface obtained by rotating the given
curve about the x-axis.
18. x 苷 1 ⫹ t , 2
y 苷 t ln t
33. x 苷 t 2 ⫹ 2兾t, y 苷 8 st, 1艋t艋9

; 19. Estimate the area of the region enclosed by each loop of 34. x 苷 e t cos t, y 苷 e t sin t, 0 艋 t 艋 ␲兾2
the curve
35. x 苷 2 cos ␪ ⫺ cos 2␪, y 苷 2 sin ␪ ⫺ sin 2␪
x 苷 sin t ⫺ 2 cos t y 苷 1 ⫹ sin t cos t
 10.2 ANSWERS

  √  1 √
3t2 − 1
2 t 20. 0
t2 9 + 16t2 dt
1. √
1−2 t 2√
21. 2 0 t2 + 4 dt
2 sin t cos t  π/2 √
2.
1 + ln t 22. 0
1 + t2 dt
3. y = −x 1 
23. −1
e−2t + e4t (1 + 2t)2 dt
1
4. y = π x−π  
1 24. 8
373/2 − 1
5. y = 36 x + 13
9
27

√ 25. 14
6. y = − 32 x + 3 2
√
26. 13
7. y = 2x − 7
27. 2π
8. y = − 34 x + 25
4 √
28. 4 34
9. y = 1
√
29. 2 (eπ − 1)
10. y = 23 x + 13
30.
1 2
11. 1 − ,
2t + 1 (2t + 1)3

2 cos 2t 4 (cos t − sin 2t + sin t sin 2t)

12. ,
1 − 2 sin t (1 − 2 sin t)3

−3 −3 + 4t
13. 14 t − 12 t−2 , 7 16t
√  √ 
2 6 π π 2 + 4 + 4 ln π + π2 + 4 − 4 ln 2
14. − ,
3t + 2 t (3t + 2)3
31. 0.7314
15. − tan πt, − sec πt
3 1 √
32. 2πt6 9 + 16t2 dt
3 4 2
 2
 0
16. −4 sin t cos t, 4 cos t 3 sin t − cos t
33. 47,104
15
π
3t 4t
17. − (2t + 1) e , (6t + 5) e √
π
34. 2 52π (2e − 1)
1 + ln t ln t
18. ,− 3 35. 128π
2t 4t 5
√
19. 2 5 5