Find an equation of the tangent to the curve at the given point

by two methods: (a) without eliminating the parameter and (b)

by first eliminating the parameter.
1. x 苷 2t ⫹ 3, y 苷 t 2 ⫹ 2t ; 共5, 3兲
2. x 苷 5 cos t, y 苷 5 sin t ; 共3, 4兲
 2 dy dx
1. (a) x = 2t + 3, y = t + 2t; (5, 3). = 2t + 2, = 2,
dt dt
dy dy/dt dy
and = = t + 1. At (5, 3), t = 1 and = 2,
dx dx/dt dx
so the tangent is y − 3 = 2 (x − 5) or y = 2x − 7.
 2  
x−3 x−3
(b) y = t2 + 2t = +2
2 2
(x − 3)2
= +x−3
4
dy x−3 dy
so = + 1. When x = 5, = 2, so an
dx 2 dx
equation of the tangent is y = 2x − 7, as before.
dy
2. (a) x = 5 cos t, y = 5 sin t; (3, 4). = 5 cos t,
dt
dx dy dy/dt
= −5 sin t, = = − cot t. At (3, 4),
dt dx dx/dt
y dy 3
t = tan−1 = tan−1 43 , so = − , and an equation
x dx 4
of the tangent is y − 4 = − 34 (x − 3) or y = − 34 x + 25
4
.
dy dy x
(b) x2 + y 2 = 25, so 2x + 2y = 0, or = − . At
dx dx y
dy 3
(3, 4), = − , and as in part (a), an equation of the
dx 4
tangent is y = − 34 x + 25
4
.