MATH 1101: Finite Mathematics A3-1

Assignment 3
This assignment is based on the material in Units 3 and 4. It is marked out of a total of 88
and is worth 10% of your final grade.
Read the “General Instructions” before completing this assignment.
Be sure to identify the quantity you are calculating in each problem, either by the use of
an appropriate symbolism or by a written statement.

1. A survey of a group of 167 students was conducted to gather information about student
usage of three online chat rooms, which we will label chat rooms A, B, and C. The
following information was obtained:
95 students joined chat room A
60 students joined chat room B
80 students joined chat room C
47 students joined chat rooms A and B
18 students joined chat rooms B and C
15 students joined all three chat rooms
5 students did not join any chat room
a) Draw a Venn diagram to represent the information in this problem. Include on your
diagram the number of students in each region. (8 marks)
b) How many students joined both chat rooms A and C? (1 marks)
c) What is the probability that a student joined exactly two of the chat rooms?
(2 marks)
d) What percentage of the students did not join chat rooms B or C? (2 marks)

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A3-2 Assignment 3

2. Consider a standard 52-card deck.

a) How many different 4-card hands could be dealt from it? (2 marks)
b) How many 4-card hands contain no queens? (2 marks)
c) How many 4-card hands contain one ace and one king of different colours?
(3 marks)
d) What percentage of 4-card hands contain three cards of the same kind? (4 marks)
e) Two cards are dealt from a well-shuffled 52-card deck. Determine the probabilities of
the events described below as a fraction in lowest terms.
i) The first card is a jack and the second card is a face card (king, queen, or jack).
(3 marks)
ii) The first card is not a jack, if the second card is not a face card.
(4 marks)
3. Sixty-five students in Math 1101 were asked to state how many hours per week they
spent doing homework. Their responses are summarized in the table below. Here t
represents the time spent on homework in hours.

Time Spent on Homework Number of Students

0  t 1 9

1 t  2 13

2t 3 22

3t  4 12

4t 5 6

t 5 3

For the questions asked below, express all probability values exactly as a fraction in
lowest terms.
a) Using proper set notation, describe an appropriate sample space for this
experiment. (3 marks)
b) Determine the probability distribution for this data. (6 marks)
c) Determine the probability that a Math 1101 student spends more than
1 hour, but no more than 4 hours per week on homework. (3 marks)
d) Determine the probability that a Math 1101 student spends more than 4 hours
per week on homework. (3 marks)
MATH 1101: Finite Mathematics A3-3

4. A small computer business is purchasing 10 laptops from a wholesaler. Currently, there

160 laptops in the wholesaler’s warehouse, 8 of which are defective.
a) Find the probability that there are two defective laptops amongst those being
purchased by the computer business. Express your answer correctly rounded to two
decimal places. (4 marks)
b) Find the probability that there is at least one defective laptop amongst those being
purchased by the computer business. Express your answer correctly rounded to two
decimal places. (4 marks)
c) If we know that in the future the number of defective laptops in the wholesaler’s
warehouse will remain at 8 for every 160 laptops, should the computer business
continue buying from this wholesaler or look elsewhere for its product. Explain.
(2 marks)

5. A box contains two defective Christmas tree lights that have been inadvertently mixed
with eight non-defective lights. The lights are selected one at a time without
replacement and tested until both defected lights are found. With the aid of a
probability tree diagram, determine the exact probability that both defective lights will
be found after three selections. (6 marks)

6. In a home computer system, the probability that the hard drive on the computer will fail
within a year is 0.003, the probability that the monitor will fail within a year is 0.01 and
the probability that the modem will fail within a year is 0.001. Assuming these events
are independent, determine the probability, correct to five decimal places, that
a) Exactly one of these components will fail within a year. (5 marks)
b) At least one of these components will fail within a year. (5 marks)

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A3-4 Assignment 3

7. Four machines X, Y, Z, and W are used by a manufacturing plant to produce plastic

materials. Machines X, Y, Z, and W handle 18%, 35%, 15%, and 32% of the production,
respectively. Y and W are new machines and handle a larger portion of the production.
The older the machine the more likely it is to produce a defective item. The new
machines will produce a defective item 1.5% of the time, while the older machines
produce a defective item 5% of the time.
a) Draw a probability tree diagram that shows the production of defective and non-
defective items. (5 marks)
b) Determine the probability that an item selected at random is good and made by a
new machine. (3 marks)
c) Determine the probability that an item selected at random is defective.
(4 marks)
d) What percentage of defective items were made by machine W? (4 marks)