DRUG MECHANISM OF INDICATION CI ADVERSE NURSING

ACTION EFFECT RESPONSIBILITY

Name: Ketorolac Inhibits Short term Hypersensitivity GI: GI bleeding, Monitor BP upon
prostaglandin management of abnormal taste, administration.
Class: Nonsteroidal Anti- synthesis, pain (not to Cross-sensitivity diarrhea, dry mouth,
Inflammatory Drugs producing exceed 5 days with other NSAIDs dyspepsia, GI pain, Assess pain (note type,
(NSAIDS) peripherally total for all routes may exist “Pre- or nausea location, and intensity)
  mediated combined) perioperative use” prior to and 1-2 hr
Route: IV analgesia. following administration
Use Cautiously:
Dosage: 30mg Also has Caution patient to avoid
antipyretic and History of GI concurrent use of alcohol,
Frequency: every 6 hours anti- bleeding aspirin, NSAIDs
inflammatory
properties Renal Impairment
(dosage reduction
Therapeutic may be required)
effect:
Decreased pain
Name: Metoclopramide Stimulates motility Prevention of Allergy to CNS: Restlessness, Monitor BP carefully
of upper GI tract nausea and metoclopramide drowsiness, fatigue, during IV administration.
Class: Antiemetic without stimulating vomiting lassitude, insomnia,
GI stimulant gastric, billiary, or associated with GI hemorrhage extrapyramidal Monitor for extrapyramidal
pancreatic emetogenic reactions,dizziness, reactions, and consult
Route: IV secretions; appears cancer Mechanical anxiety physician if they occur.
to sensitize tissues to chemotherapy obstruction or
Dosage: 1 amp action of perforation CV: Transient Give direct IV doses
acetylcholine; Prophylaxis of hypertension slowly over 1-2 minutes.
Frequency: every 8 hours relaxes pyloric postoperative Pheochromocyto
for PRN sphincter, which, nausea and ma (may cause GI: Nausea, For IV infusion, give over
when combined with vomiting when hypertensive diarrhea at least 15 minutes.
effects on motility, nasogastric crisis);
accelerates gastric suction is
 emptying and undesirable Epilepsy
intestinal transit;
little effect on Stimulation of
gallbladder or colon gastric emptying
motility; increases and intestinal
lower esophageal transit of barium
sphincter pressure; when delayed
has sedative emptying
properties; induces interferes with
release of prolactin.radiologic
examination of
the stomach or
small intestine
Name: Metronidazole Bactericidal: Acute infection Contraindicated CNS:Headache, Instruct to take drug with
inhibits DNA with susceptible with dizziness, ataxia, food or milk to decrease GI
Classification: synthesis in anaerobic bacteria hypersensitivity vertigo, insomnia, upset.
Antibacterial, specific to seizures,
Antibiotic (obligate) Acute intestinal metronidazole; peripheral Inform the patient that
anaerobes, amebiasis pregnancy (do not neurophaty, their urine may be
Route: IV causing cell use for fatigue darker in color than usual;
death; Amebic liver trichomoniasis in this is expected.
Dosage: 500mg antiprotozoaltrichom abscess first trimester) GI: Unpleasant
onacidal metallic taste,
Frequency: every 8 hours , amebicidal: Trichomoniasis anorexia, nausea,
Biochemical (acute and vomiting, diarrhea,
mechanism of partners GI upset, cramps
action is not of patients
known. undergoing GU: Dysuria,
colorectal surgery incontinence,
darkening of
the urine
Name: Omeprazole Suppresses Treatment of Hypersensitivity to Diarrhea, nausea Report signs of
gastric acid gastric and omeprazole or its and vomiting, acid hypomagnesaemia such as
Class: Proton Pump secretion by duodenal ulcers components regurgitation, fatigue, tetany,
Inhibitor specific abdominal pain, convulsions, and
inhibition of the weakness, skin ventricular arrhythmia
Route: IV hydrogen- rashes
potassium ATP
Dosage: 40mg as enzyme
system at the
Frequency: Once a day secretory
surface of the
gastric parietal
cells; blocks the
final step of acid
production
Name: Paracetamol Unknown. Relief of mild Hypersenitivity to Hemolyticanemia, If there is pain, assess
Thought to pain the drug neutropenia, patient’s pain: type,
Class: Analgesic produce leukopenia, location, intensity, and
analgesia by pancytopenia, liver duration.
Route: IV blocking damage, jaundice,
generation of hypoglycemia, rash Teach clients warning
Dosage: 600mg pain impulses, signs that need immediate
probably by attention of the physician.
Frequency: every 4 hours inhibiting
prostaglandin Evaluate therapeutic
synthesis in the effects.
CNS

Name: Ampicillin  Interferes with Ampicillin/sulbac Do not use Seizure, diarrhea, Assess patient of previous
Sulbactam cell wall tam combination solution in infants, enterocolitis, sensitivity reaction to
replication of shows synergy to children less than 4 pseudomembranous penicillins or
Class: Ampicillin susceptible cover strains of years of age, colitis, vomiting, cephalosporins
(antibiotics) organisms bacteria resistant pregnancy, liver or agranulocytosis,
Sulbactam (beta- to ampicillin, thus kidney failure and hemolytic anemia, Assess patient for signs and
providing broader in those treated eosinophilia, and symptoms of infection
lactamase inhibitors.) coverage. with disulfiram or immune
metronidazole thrombocytopenia. Assess for allergic reaction
Route: IV

Dosage: 1.5 gram