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Equilibrator: Modeling Chemical Equilibria With Excel: Douglas A. Vander Griend
Equilibrator: Modeling Chemical Equilibria With Excel: Douglas A. Vander Griend
pubs.acs.org/jchemeduc
volume. Unlike EQS4WIN, Equilibrator is designed to let the user find the point of equilibrium using a slider to shift the extent
of reaction. The program simultaneously calculates the reaction quotient, the Gibbs free energy, G, and ΔG; and immediately
updates pertinent graphs for feedback. With so many simultaneous ways to evaluate the position of the reaction with regard to
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equilibrium, Equilibrator is a superior pedagogical tool for helping students truly understand the basic principles of chemical
equilibria.
KEYWORDS: First-Year Undergraduate/General, Computer-Based Learning, Hands-On Learning/Manipulatives, Equilibrium,
Thermodynamics
Figure 1. Numerical interface for the Excel-based program, Equilibrator, which is designed to allow students to study the equilibrium position of an
arbitrary chemical reaction.
’ ASSOCIATED CONTENT
bS Supporting Information
Excel sheets containing an introduction, N2O4, NH3, NO,
Fe(SCN) reactions, and notes. This material is available via the
Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.
’ AUTHOR INFORMATION
Corresponding Author
*E-mail: dvg@calvin.edu.
’ ADDITIONAL NOTE
a
Equilibrator requires the user to allow the macros that govern
the slider and drop-down menus. To permanently enable the
macros in this program, go to “Excel Options” under the “Office
Button” in the upper left-hand corner. Change the trust center
settings to enable digitally signed macros.
b
Worksheets are protected, meaning end-users can only change
the input cells. This can be turned off under Excel’s Review tab
with a password (dvg). The status of individual cells can be
altered under the “format cells” dialogue.
c
Do not use “smoothing” curves for graph as it often confuses the
automatically generated axis limits.
’ REFERENCES
(1) EQS4WIN: Chemical Equilibrium Software 4 Windows, Math-
Trek Systems.
(2) Mathtrek, Systems. www.mathtrek.com (November 18, 2009).
(3) Chase, M. W. Jr.; Davies, C. A.; Downey, J. R., Joint Army Navy
Air Force (JANAF) Thermochemical Tables. 3rd ed.; J. Phys. Chem. Ref.
Data 1985, 14 (Suppl 1), 1-1856.