Anatomy and Physiolology Laboratory Manual

Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

All rights reserved. No part of this Manual maybe reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or any
means , including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
permission of the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
 Anatomy and Physiolology Laboratory Manual
Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

MODULE 14
The LYMPHATIC SYSTEM and IMMUNITY

Activity 14
The Lymphatic System and Immunity

Mallari, Keith Charlotte

Name:______________ ________ M. Nov. 30,2020
Date:_______________
BSN 1-C
Section: ____________________ Group 7 Score: ______________

LABEL THE POINTED STRUCTURES BELOW

INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN

ENTRANCE OF RIGHT
LYMPHATIC DUCT INTO VEIN CERVICAL NODES

ENTRANCE OF THORACIC
DUCT INTO VEIN
AXILLARY NODES
THORACIC DUCT

CISTERNA CHYLI

LYMPHATIC COLLECTING VESSELS INGUINAL NODES

1
_____________________________________________________________________________________
All rights reserved. No part of this Manual maybe reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or any
means , including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
permission of the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Anatomy and Physiolology Laboratory Manual
Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

PHARYNGEAL TONSIL
(ADENOID)

PALATINE TONSIL

LINGUAL TONSIL

ADENOID

PALATINE TONSIL

LINGUAL TONSIL

2
_____________________________________________________________________________________
All rights reserved. No part of this Manual maybe reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or any
means , including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
permission of the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Anatomy and Physiolology Laboratory Manual
Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

GERMINAL
CENTER IN
AFFERENT FOLLICLE
LYMPHATIC
VESSELS CAPSULE
SUBCAPSULAR SINUS

TRABECULA

AFFERENT
LYMPHATIC EFFERENT
VESSELS LYMPHATIC
VESSELS
HILUS
CORTEX
MEDULLARY SINUS
FOLLICLE
MEDULLARY CORD

The lymphatic system is a network of tissues and organs that help rid the body of toxins, waste
and other unwanted materials. The primary function of the lymphatic system is to
transport lymph, a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells, throughout the body.
Lymph is a clear-to-white fluid made of: White blood cells, especially lymphocytes, the cells that
attack bacteria in the blood. Fluid from the intestines called chyle, which contains proteins and
fats.

Lymph is formed from fluid that seeps through the thin walls of capillaries into the body's tissues.
This fluid contains oxygen, proteins, and other nutrients that nourish the tissues. Some of this
fluid reenters the capillaries and some of it enters the lymphatic vessels (becoming lymph).

3
_____________________________________________________________________________________
All rights reserved. No part of this Manual maybe reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or any
means , including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
permission of the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Anatomy and Physiolology Laboratory Manual
Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

1. Draw a cross-section of a LYMPH and label its parts. Apply necessary color/s on your
drawing

4
_____________________________________________________________________________________
All rights reserved. No part of this Manual maybe reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or any
means , including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
permission of the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Anatomy and Physiolology Laboratory Manual
Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

Review Questions
1. Lymph capillaries
a. are open-ended, like drinking straws.
b. have continuous tight junctions, like the capillaries of the brain.
c. contain endothelial cells separated by flaplike
valves that can open wide.
d. have particular barriers that stop cancer cells from
entering.
2. Which parts of the lymph node showed increased
activity when antibody production is high?
a. Germinal centers
b. Outer follicle
c. Medullary cords
d. Medullary sinuses
3. Which of the following connect to the lymph node at the hilum?
a. Afferent lymphatic vessels
b. Efferent lymphatic vessels
c. Trabeculae
d. Anchoring filaments
4. Lymph drains directly into the blood at
a. the right subclavian vein
b. the left subclavian vein
c. the subclavian arteries
d. a and b
e. none of the above
5. The Lymphatic system
a. maintains extracellular fluid balance
b. collects excess fluid from the interstial spaces
c. defends the body against foreign cells and molecules
d. and c
e. a, b, and c
6. Lymph vessels that conduct lymph into a lymph nodes are termed
a. efferent lymphatic vessels
b. efferent arterioles
c. afferent arterioles
d. afferent lymphatic vessels
e. none of the above
7. Lymph nodes
a. provide a site for lymphocyte reproduction
b. anchor lymphatic vessels
c. provide a site for phagocytosis of foreign cells or debris
5
_____________________________________________________________________________________
All rights reserved. No part of this Manual maybe reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or any
means , including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
permission of the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Anatomy and Physiolology Laboratory Manual
Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

d. and b
e. a and c

8. The lymph from tissues of the lowwr limbs is conducted by the

◦ A. right lumphatic duct
◦ B. thoracic duct
9. The large lymphatic organ found in the left hypochondriac region is the
◦ A. thymus
◦ B. palatine tonsil
◦ C. spleen
◦ D. lingual tonsil
◦ E. inguinal lymph node
10. Lymphatic tissue mainly contains
◦ A. lymphocytes
◦ B. erythrocytes
◦ C. monocytes

6
_____________________________________________________________________________________
All rights reserved. No part of this Manual maybe reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or any
means , including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
permission of the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Anatomy and Physiolology Laboratory Manual
Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD
COMPLETE THE TABLE BELOW
Lymphatic Structure Location
Lymphatic capillaries Located in the spaces between
cells throughout the body, except
in the central nervous system
and non-vascular tissues.
Lymphatic vessels Afferent lymphatic vessels are
only found in lymph nodes. This
is in contrast to
efferent lymphatic vessel which
are also found in the thymus and
spleen.
Right lymphatic duct the right lymphatic duct drains
into the venous system, usually
the medial side of the internal
jugular vein, from: the right side
of the head and neck.
the right upper limb. the right
thoracic cavity.
Thoracic duct The right upper limb, right
breast, right lung and right side
of the head and neck
Lymph nodes Located throughout your body,
including your neck, armpits,
groin, around your gut, and
between your lungs.
Palatine tonsils At the back of the throat.
Pharyngeal tonsils Near the opening of the nasal
cavity into the pharynx.
Lingual tonsils On the posterior surface of
the tongue, which also places
them near the opening of the
oral cavity into the pharynx
Spleen the left side of your abdomen
under the rib cage.
Thymus behind your sternum and
between your lungs, is only
active until puberty.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
All rights reserved. No part of this Manual maybe reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or any
means , including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
permission of the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Function/s
Lymph capillaries pick up the excess interstitial
fluid and proteins and return them to the venous
blood. After the fluid enters the lymph capillaries,
it is called lymph.
The general functions of lymphatic vessels in
fluid transport and immunosurveillance are well
recognized, as is their specialization into
capillaries, serving as an entrance point of
interstitial components and immune cells and
collecting vessels that deliver lymph to lymph
nodes (LNs) and blood circulation.
The right lymphatic duct is an
important lymphatic vessel that drains
the right upper quadrant of the body. It forms
various combinations with the right subclavian
vein and right internal jugular vein.
Transport lymph back into the circulatory system.
Interstitial fluid is collected by lymph capillaries
from the interstitial space.
Filter lymph of pathogens and dead cells
Protecting the body against respiratory and
gastrointestinal infections.
They provide protection against infections and
flush away unwanted particles.
Prevent infections.
Lymphatic organ that filters the blood and houses
phagocytes
Organ of the lymphatic system where T
lymphocytes mature
7
Anatomy and Physiolology Laboratory Manual
Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

REFERENCES
Module 14 The Lymphatic System and Immunity

BD Editors. (2019, May 17). Lymphatic System - Definition, Function, Structure | Biology Dictionary.
Biology Dictionary. https://biologydictionary.net/lymphatic-system/

Diagram Of Spleen Location | Cool websites, Human, Arteries. (n.d.). Pinterest. Retrieved July 26, 2020,
from https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/695524736179871236/

Human Thymus Anatomy Stock Illustration 207765535. (2020). Shutterstock.Com.

https://www.shutterstock.com/search/thymus+gland

Lymph nodes. (2019, February 27). Healthdirect.Gov.Au; Healthdirect Australia.

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/lymph-nodes

Swollen lymph nodes - symptoms and causes. (2018). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/swollen-lymph-nodes/symptoms-causes/syc-20353902

Tonsils Anatomy Images, Stock Photos & Vectors | Shutterstock. (n.d.). Www.Shutterstock.Com.
Retrieved July 26, 2020, from https://www.shutterstock.com/search/tonsils+anatomy

https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Anatomy_and_Physiology/Book%3A_Anatomy_and_Physiology
_(Boundless)/19%3A_Lymphatic_System/19.2%3A_Lymphatic_Vessels/19.2D%3A_Lymphatic_Capillarie
s#:~:text=Lymph%20or%20lymphatic%20capillaries%20are,oncotic%20pressure%20than%20blood%20c
apillaries.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6500/eaax4063

8
_____________________________________________________________________________________
All rights reserved. No part of this Manual maybe reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or any
means , including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
permission of the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology