ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

TENSES

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE SEVEN ARAÇLAR

Always
Usually / Generally / Most of the time / Mostly
Often / Frequently /

Sometimes / At times / Occassionally /

From time to time / Once in a while
(Every) Now and then /
(Every) Now and again

Seldom / Rarely
Barely / Hardly (ever) / Scarcely (ever) /

Never / Never ever

Every
Every year, every day, each year,
Every two years
Every other day , every other month

Once a year / Twice a week /

Three times a day

Ever
Still
How often

ÖNEMLİ HATIRLATMA !!!

TENSE’LERİ ANLATIRKEN BURADA VERDİĞİMİZ ZAMAN

BELİRTEÇLERİ SADECE BU ZAMANLARLA DEĞİL, BAŞKA
ZAMANLARLA DA KULLANILABİLİR. LİSTELER YAYGIN
KULLANIMLARI ESAS ALINARAK YAPILMIŞTIR.

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ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

AM, IS, ARE VERB+ING

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE SEVEN ARAÇLAR:

Now
At the moment
Still I am still working in İzmir.
Presently
Currently
Right now
For the time being
Look/ Listen
Nowadays
These days
Tomorrow
More and more / bigger and bigger

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ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

V2

SIMPLE PAST TENSE SEVEN ARAÇLAR

Yesterday
Last night
Ago
in 1955
When I was
Until World War II
Before World War II
During World War II
That night / On that day
Previously / Formerly
During the last weekend
Einstein

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ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

HAVE / HAS V3

PRESENT PERFECT SEVEN ARAÇLAR

Already
Just
Yet
Ever
For
Since
Since…V2. , …Have/Has V3 -been V+ing
Recently-Lately

Until now, So far, Up to now, Hitherto , To date

In the last 2 weeks
Over the last 2 weeks
For the last 2 months
During the last 2 years

Twice, three times, four times

Sharapova is the best player I have ever V3

This is the first time I have ever V3

STILL Sadece olumsuzda have/has v3

She still hasn’t called me. =

She hasn’t called me yet.

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ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

HAVE/HAS BEEN VERB+ING

Uzun sürebilecek fiil sever:

RUN
WORK
LIVE
SPEAK
SWIM
TEACH
STUDY gibi.

Bir eylemi geçmişte yapmaya başladık ve şimdiye

kadar da yapmaya devam ettiysek veya çok kısa
süre önce yapmayı kestiysek bu tense’i
kullanıyoruz.

Sonunda “FOR TWO YEARS, FOR A LONG TIME”

gibi zaman belirteçlerine bayılır.

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ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

WAS/ WERE VERB+ING

THIS TIME YESTERDAY......

WHEN
WHILE
JUST AS
AS

Past Continuous Tense’i daha çok konuştuğumuz

eylem başka bir eylem tarafından kesildiğinde
kullanıyoruz.

Eve giderken arkadaşıma rastladım.

When I was going home, I ran into my friend.

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ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

FUTURE TENSE

WILL / WON’T

WILL SEVENLER

I hope that he will….

I think that….
I believe that….
I am sure/confident/certain that
I promise that….

WILL HAVE V3
(Yapmış olacağım)

By the time
By
Before

WILL BE V+ING
(Yapıyor olacağım)

This time tomorrow

AM IS ARE GOING TO V1
(Planlı gelecek)

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ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

PAST PERFECT TENSE

PAST PERFECT TENSE

HAD V3

Hatırlatma:

Tek cümlede tek başına kullanma !

Yanına PAST bir başka TENSE ister.

Bazı bağlaçlarla şık durur:

AFTER
BEFORE

AS SOON AS
ONCE
THE MOMENT

BY THE TIME
UNTIL

BECAUSE

HARDLY................WHEN.........
NO SOONER..........THAN.........

ÖNEMLİ !!!

PAST PERFECT TENSE’İN CÜMLE İÇİNDEKİ YERİ ÇOK

ÖNEMLİDİR. BU TENSE’İ KULLANDIĞI NIZ YER, CÜMLENİN
DİĞER TARAFINDA KONUŞULAN EYLEMDEN DAHA ÖNCE
OLMUŞ OLMALIDIR. BU ÖZELLİĞİ HER “HAD V3”
GÖRDÜĞÜMÜZDE DENETLEMELİYİZ.

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ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

HAD BEEN V+ING

Past Perfect Tense’i kafamızda şöyle yerleştirelim:

Was/Were ing sonuna “for 2 hours, for three days” eklenmiş

hali. Sonda bunlar olunca was/were ing kullanamıyoruz.

Yerine : had been verb+ing.

When I went home, he was sleeping.

When I went home, he had been sleeping for 3 hours.

YASAKLAR:

Bağlacın iki tarafı HAD V3 – HAD V3 OLMAZ!

When, After,Before,Until,By the Time,

As soon as PEŞİNDEN WILL GELMEZ!

HAD V3 – HAVE,HAS V3 OLMAZ!

HAD V3 – PRESENT TENSE’LER OLMAZ!

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ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

TENSE UYUMU İSTEYEN BAĞLAÇLAR

When = As = Just as = While

After
Before

Until
By the time

As soon as
The moment
Once

Hardly............... when...................
No sooner........ than.................

As long as
So long as

Whenever / No matter when / Every time

If / Unless / Provided (that) / Providing (that)

On condition that / In the event that

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ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

TENSE UYUMU:

FUTURE:

When …..GENİŞ ZAMAN/ HAVE -HAS V3, …...WILL V1......

After
Before
By the time
As soon as
As long as

PAST:

When .........PAST BİR TENSE..... ,…...PAST BİR TENSE.......

After
Before
By the time
As soon as
As long as

ÖNEMLİ !!!

Daha eski olan tarafta HAD V3 olur.

HAD V3 – YANINA V2 İSTER.

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ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES

BY THE TIME

FUTURE:

By the time…Present Tense/Have Has V3…, …Will have V3

By 2009……..Will have V3

PAST:

By the time…V2….. , …V2 / Had V3 / was, were….ing

HARDLY HAD HE V3…… WHEN … V2

NO SOONER HAD HE V3….. THAN…. V2

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