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MAPEH
MUSIC • ARTS
PHYSICAL EDUCATION •
HEALTH

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

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MAPEH
HEALTH

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

HEALTH – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Second Quarter – Module 4: Ways of Preventing and Controlling Malnutrition
and Micronutrient Deficiencies
First Edition, 2020
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Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education- Region 10

Regional Director: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Assistant Regional Director: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia, Jr., CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: Dick J. Caguindangan, MT-!
Reviewers: Amelia A. Medija, HT-I Elvin B. Laput, T- II
Gerlie May G. Fudolig, T-I Apbila B. Cane, T-I
Genevieve C. Awa, T-I Wilmer R.Gumisad, T-I
Irene M. Barres, T-I Rhodelaine B. Paragamac, T-I
Leah P. Bacalso, T-I
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Markleen L. Guimbao, T-I
Management Team
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V
Asst. Regional Director

Edwin R. Maribojoc, EdD, CESO VI

Schools Division Superintendent

Myra P. Mebato,PhD, CESE

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD

Members Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS
Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Samuel C. Silacan, EdD, CID Chief
Patria Gloria P. Iman, EPS –MAPEH
Rone Ray M. Portacion, EdD, EPS – LRMS
Susan A. Baco, PSDS
Fernan C. Lanzaderas, EPS II (Social Mobilization)
Claudio T. Catalon, Principal III/District In-charge
Agnes P. Gonzales, PDO II
Vilma M. Inso, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Region 10
Office Address: Zone 1, DepEd Building, Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang
Cagayan de Oro City
Contact Number: (088) 8807072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.gov.ph

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HEALTH
Second Quarter – Module 4
Ways of Preventing and Controlling
Malnutrition
and Micronutrient Deficiencies

This instructional material is collaboratively developed and reviewed by

educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and other education stake
holders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department
of Education Region 10 at region10@deped.gov.ph

Your feedback and recommendations are highly valued.

 Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Introductory Message

For the learner

Welcome to the Health 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module 4 Ways of
Preventing and Controlling Malnutrition and Micronutrients Deficiencies.

Your health is the most important concern of the school. Health and learning are
interrelated. You will only be able to actively learn your lessons when you are in good health
condition. Learning the ways to prevent and control malnutrition and micronutrient
deficiencies is simple but a very important step to improve and maintain your health and
your whole family as well.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process
the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
 process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use your MAPEH activity notebook in answering the activities. Write each
activity number and its title.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Table of Contents

Introductory Message ____________ i

What I Need to Know ---------------- 1
What I Know ---------------- 1
What’s In ---------------- 3
What’s New ---------------- 3
What is It ---------------- 4
Malnutrition and Micronutrients Deficiencies ---- 4
Prevention of Micronutrients Deficiencies - - - - - - 5
Ways to Prevent Malnutrition - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7
What’s More ---------------- 9
What I Have Learned ---------------- 9
What I Can Do ---------------- 10
Assessment ---------------- 11
Additional Activities ---------------- 12
Answer Key ---------------- 13
References ---------------- 14
 What I Need to Know

You can do big things in simple and easy ways at your own level. Many ways
towards attaining healthy life are easy to do. This module will help you improve your
health knowledge, skills, and attitudes thereby addressing your health problems and
interests.

After going through this module, you should be able to discuss the ways of
preventing and controlling malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies.

Specifically, you are expected to:

1. Identify the ways in preventing and controlling malnutrition and micronutrient

deficiencies.
2. Prepare a day’s meal designed to prevent and control malnutrition and
micronutrient deficiencies.
3. Recognize the importance of the knowledge in preventing and controlling
malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies.

What I Know

I. Multiple Choice.

Directions. Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. Nutritional status is determined by ____________.
A. diet B. heredity C. personality D. occupation of parents

2. The effect of a high-fat diet could be _____________.

A. blindness B. diabetes C. heart disease D. iron deficiency

3. Which of the conditions falls to overnutrition?

A. dwarfism B. goiter C. nightblindness D. obesity

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 4. Malnutrition can lead to the following serious problems except ________.
A. poor school performance
B. weak resistance to infections
C. poor relationship with peers
D. slow growth and development
5. It is a condition wherein a person does not eat or take the daily needed
nutrients and nutritional requirements leading to deficiencies and diseases.
A. Dwarfism B. Mental illness C. Obesity D. Undernutrition

II. True or False.

Direction. Write true if the statement is correct and false if it is incorrect.
6. Any two persons regardless of their physically activity need the same
amount and quality of foods.
7. Obesity is a normal condition that may happen to anybody during
adolescence.
8. In preventing malnutrition it is recommended that fruits and vegetables
must always be the biggest part in every meal.
9. Prevention of malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency can boost
one’s immune system.
10. Problems in malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency can be prevented
within the family level.

III. Fill in the blanks

Direction: Fill in each blank with the correct answer.
11. Low height-for-age is known as ____________.
12. A young child who is moderately or severely wasted has an increased risk
of _____________.
13. Eating iodine-rich foods can prevent enlargement of the thyroid or_______.
14. Regular consumption of foods rich in ___________ prevents blindness
and proneness to infection among children.
15. The best way to prevent malnutrition is to _____________________.

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 What’s In

Before we will start with our lesson, try to recall the signs and symptoms of
malnutrition. How will you know if a person is malnourished?

Activity 1: Give Me the Signs and Symptoms

Directions: Write the signs and symptoms of malnutrition. Choose your

answers from the box.

Constant feeling of cold Fatigue Hollow eyes

Night blindness Poor memory Sleepiness

Malnutrition

Signs Symptoms
1. 1.
2 2
3 3.

What’s New

Activity 2: Prevention In Our Family

Directions: Write the practices that you think your family have been doing to
prevent malnutrition from happening. Write your answers in your
own words.

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 What is It

Read and Understand

Malnutrition and Micronutrients Deficiencies

There are two types of malnutrition, undernutrition and overnutrition.

1. Overnutrition or obesity. It is a medical condition in which a person has too

much body fat.

Causes of Overnutrition

A. Eating more food (the body’s fuel), than the body requires.
B. Eating too much foods or consuming foods and drinks that are
high in sugars and fats, and engaging in less physical activity or both.
2. Undernutrition happens when a person does not eat or take the daily
needed nutrients and nutritional requirements leading to deficiencies and
diseases.
There are four forms of undernutrition: wasting, stunting, underweight,
and deficiencies in vitamins and minerals.
A. Wasting - Low weight-for-height. A young child who is moderately or
severely wasted has an increased risk of death, but treatment is
possible.
B. Stunting -Low height-for-age. Stunting holds children back from
reaching their physical and mental potential (possible full capacity).

C. Underweight -Children with low weight-for-age. A child who is

underweight may be stunted, wasted, or both.
D. Deficiencies in Vitamins and minerals. Even if people get enough to
eat, they will become malnourished if the food they eat does not
provide the proper amounts of micronutrients – vitamins and minerals - to
meet daily nutritional requirements.

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 Undernutrition makes children in particular much more vulnerable to disease
and death.

Causes of Undernutrition
1. Poverty
In many developing countries, long-term (chronic) malnutrition is
widespread simply because of poverty. People do not have enough food
to eat due to low income.
2. Long-term institutional care
When older persons or adults are under hospital care for a long time with poor
supply of nutritious foods.
3. Isolation
When people who are socially isolated due to mobility issues (Person with
disability), health problems, or other factors like COVID-19 issues (due to
limited food supply)
4. Serious Illness
Recovering from or living with a serious illness like cancer, tuberculosis,
kidney failure, heart disease and stroke.
5. Difficulty absorbing nutrients
Like lactose intolerance, damage to the intestine, prolonged use of antibiotics,
inflammation and surgery.
6. Chronic eating disorders
Such as people suffering from bulimia (over eating) or anorexia nervosa (less
eating and forcing oneself to vomit).

Prevention of Micronutrient Deficiencies

Micronutrient deficiencies are diseases caused by deficiencies of vitamins or

minerals in the body. In the Philippines, micronutrient deficiency is one of the major
problems of malnutrition. These are deficiencies in Vitamin A, iron, and iodine
deficiency disorders.

Deficiency of micronutrients will lead to malnutrition.

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 Types Indications Prevention
(Regular Consumption of
Foods)
1. Vitamin A - Primarily affects the children but Plant sources: alugbati,
carrots, gabi leaves, kamote
Deficiency the effects last for a lifetime.
tops, kangkong, malunggay,
(VAD) -It causes night blindness
saluyot, squash, papaya, and
(xeropthalmia) and later on,
ripe mango;
permanent blindness.

- The child suffering from VAD Animal sources: eggs,

does not reach optimum physical cheese, crabs fat, dilis, milk,
growth and becomes prone to and liver.
infections that contribute to the
high rates of sickness and death
among young children
2. Iron - It affects mostly adolescent girls, Plant sources: green leafy
Deficiency women of child-bearing age, and vegetables such as
Anemia- pre-school children. malunggay, saluyot,
(IDA) - Anemia results retarded kangkong, petchay, kamote
in
a condition physical growth, low resistance to tops, gabi leaves, and whole
in which the infections and slow development of grain cereals such as rice and
corn. For better absorption in
red blood learning abilities.
the body, Vitamin C-rich food
cell count or - In adults it causes easy
must be eaten.
hemoglobin fatigability (get tired easily),
is less than insomnia, weakness and reduced Animal Sources: Pork liver,
normal work capacity and may cause Chicken Liver….
reproductive impairment.
3. Iodine - developmental delay and brain - Iodine rich foods are breads,
Deficiency damage in regions where little iodized salt, cheese,
Disorder iodine occurs naturally in the diet. saltwater fish, cow’s milk,
(IDD) - enlargement of the thyroid or seaweed, eggs, shellfish,
frozen yogurt, ice cream, soy
goiter
sauce.
- mental retardation in infants and

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 children whose mothers lack iodine
when they were pregnant

- deaf-mutism

- miscarriage, stillbirth (baby is

dead upon birth), and birth defects

Did you know?

There are some conditions caused by micronutrients deficiencies that can be

prevented.

goiter night blindness deaf-mutism

Ways to Prevent Malnutrition

1. Healthy Balanced Diet

You need to eat a variety of foods from the main food groups as shown
below. This is the best way to prevent malnutrition.

Table of Foods that Prevent Micronutrient Deficiencies

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 Pinggang Pinoy Guide

2. Education and supplementation.

Supplementation is the use of food supplements or special types of food in order to

improve your health. Example: Distribution of vitamin A and iron-folic acid.
3. Promotion of breastfeeding (TV and radio advertisement)
4. Promotion of correct feeding practices
5. Family planning and spacing of births
6. Adequate immunization
7. Food fortification.
Fortified foods are those that have nutrients added to them that do not
naturally occur in the food. For example, milk is often fortified with vitamin D,
and calcium may be added to fruit juices. An enriched food means that
nutrients that were lost during processing are added back in. Many refined
grains are enriched. Other brands of salts are also fortified with iodine.
Iodination is the process of fortifying salt for human consumption
8. Regular height and weight measurement and BMI assessment

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 Nutrient What happens if you Foods where it is found.
don’t get enough? (sources/prevention)
(deficiency)
1. Vitamin A

What’s More
2. Iron
Activity 2: Fill
Me Up

3. Iodine Directions:
Fill in the table
below and
answer the
questions that
follow.

Based on the kinds of foods in your answers do you think micronutrient deficiencies
can be prevented within the family level? Why?

What I Have Learned

Activity 3: Things I Learned

Directions: Complete the following statements.
1. Obesity is a condition caused by_________________________.
2. Undernutrition happens due to______________________________.
3. The best way to prevent malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency
is____________.
4. It is important to know the ways of preventing and controlling micronutrient
deficiencies because_______________.

What I Can Do

Activity 4: Meal Check

Directions:

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A. Copy and fill in the table below with the list of foods in your meals the day

before you read this module.

Breakfast Lunch Dinner

B. In the table below, make adjustments with your previous day’s food
preparation.

 Prepare a day’s meals that promote good nutrition and prevent micronutrient
deficiencies.
 Refer your food choices to your lesson on Pinggang Pinoy and Foods that
prevent micronutrient deficiencies.
 Choose the foods that are available in your locality.

Breakfast Lunch Dinner

Activity 5: Slogan Making

Directions: Make a simple slogan (in Filipino) with the theme “The Importance of
Preventing and Controlling Malnutrition in the Family”. Use a long bond paper and
paste your output in your MAPEH activity notebook.

Rubrics
4 3 2 1 Score

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 Craftmanshi The slogan is The slogan The slogan The slogan
p exceptionally is attractive is is
attractive in in terms of acceptably distractingly
terms of neatness. attractive messy.
neatness. Good though it
Well- construction may be a bit
constructed and not messy.
and not very messy.
messy.
Creativity Slogan is Slogan is Slogan is The slogan
exceptionally creative and creative and does not
creative. A lot a good some reflect any
of thought amount of thought was degree of
and effort was thought was put into creativity.
used to make put into decorating
it. decorating it.
it.
Originality Exceptional Good use of Average use No use of
use of new new ideas of new ideas new ideas
ideas and and and and
originality to originality originality to originality
create slogan. to create create to create
slogan. slogan. slogan.

Congratulations! You have successfully completed Module 4. Please

proceed to the next module.

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 References

BOOKS
Lagyap, Cloyd M., et al, Physical Education and Health Grade 7, Learner’s
Material, First Edition 2017

Lopez, Lorna Fe P, Physical Education, Health, and Music. Textbook in PEHM for
Fourth Year High School: Rex Book Store, Revised Edition 2000

Lacia,Gerardo C, et al,The 21st Century MAPEH in Action 7, Manila: Rex Book Store,
Revised Edition 2012

ELECTRONIC RESOURCES

https://whiteriveracademy.com/blog/tipping-point-obesity/

https://www.shutterstock.com/search/goiter

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https://www.google.com/search?
q=fortification+meaning&oq=fortification&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l7.7180j0j8&sourceid
=chrome&ie=UTF-8

https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malnutrition

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/malnutrition/#:~:text=The%20best%20way%20to
%20prevent,bread%2C%20rice%2C%20potatoes%2C%20pasta

https://www.medindia.net/patients/lifestyleandwellness/vitamin-a-rich-
foods.htmhttp://www.nutrientsreview.com/minerals/iron.html `

https://barefoodangel.com/beauty-from-inside-out/why-and-how-much-iodine-do-you-
need/

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region 10

Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang
Cagayan de Oro City, 9000
Telefax: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.gov.ph