Important UNESCO World

heritage sites in India

UNESCO:

• UNESCO is a specialized agency of the UN, whose objective is to contribute

to peace and security by promoting international collaboration through
educational, scientific, and cultural reforms.

• Its headquarter is in Paris, France.

• These Sites are the places which have been officially recognized by a
specialized agency of the UN (United Nations), UNESCO based on their
natural, cultural, historical, and scientific importance.

• The list of World Heritage sites is maintained by World Heritage Program

which is administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee.

• UNESCO World Heritage Committee is composed of 21 UNESCO member

states which are elected by the UN General Assembly.

• These are areas of importance of cultural or natural heritage as described in

the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, 1972
UNESCO:

• यूनेस्को UN की एक विविष्ट एजें सी है , वजसका उद्दे श्य िैविक, िैज्ञावनक और

साां स्कृविक सुधारोां के माध्यम से अांिराा ष्टरीय सहयोग को बढािा दे कर िाां वि और सुरिा
में योगदान करना है ।

• इसका मुख्यालय पेररस, फ्ाां स में है ।

• ये साइटें िे जगहें हैं वजन्हें सां युक्त राष्टर (सां युक्त राष्टर) की एक वििेष एजेंसी, यूनेस्को
द्वारा उनके प्राकृविक, साां स्कृविक, ऐविहावसक और िैज्ञावनक महत्व के आधार पर
आवधकाररक िौर पर मान्यिा दी गई है ।

• विश्व धरोहर स्थलोां की सूची को विश्व धरोहर कायाक्रम द्वारा बनाए रखा जािा है वजसे
यूनेस्को की विश्व धरोहर सवमवि द्वारा प्रिावसि वकया जािा है ।

• यूनेस्को की विश्व धरोहर सवमवि यूनेस्को के 21 सदस्य दे िोां से बनी है जो सांयुक्त राष्टर
महासभा द्वारा चुने जािे हैं ।

• ये साां स्कृविक या प्राकृविक विरासि के महत्व के िे त्र हैं जै सा वक यूनेस्को विश्व विरासि
सम्मेलन, 1972 में िवणाि है ।
Criteria for Selection of World Heritage Sites-

• These criteria are explained in the World Heritage Convention,

1972 .

• These criteria are regularly revised by the World Heritage

Committee to reflect the evolution of the World Heritage concept
itself.

• Before the revised Operational Guidelines, World Heritage sites

were selected based on six cultural and four natural criteria.

• With the adoption of the revised Operational Guidelines, only one

set of ten criteria.
विश्व धरोहर स्थलोों के चयन के वलए मानदों ड-

• इन मानदां डोां को विश्व विरासि सम्मेलन, 1972 में समझाया गया है ।

• विश्व धरोहर अिधारणा के विकास को प्रविवबांवबि करने के वलए विश्व

विरासि सवमवि द्वारा इन मानदां डोां को वनयवमि रूप से सांिोवधि वकया
जािा है ।

• सांिोवधि पररचालन वदिावनदे िोां से पहले, छह साां स्कृविक और चार

प्राकृविक मानदां डोां के आधार पर विश्व विरासि स्थलोां का चयन वकया गया
था।

• सांिोवधि पररचालन वदिावनदे िोां को अपनाने के साथ, दस मानदां डोां में से

केिल एक सेट।
 Q. How many Indian sites are there in the UNESCO World
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11 Heritage Site list?
A. 34 B. 36
C. 38 D. 40
Ans. C
● There are 38 Indian sites which are there in the UNESCO
World Heritage Site list.
● These 38 sites are divided into three types:
1. Cultural Sites - 30
2. Natural Sites - 07
3. Mixed Site - 01
● Full Form of UNESCO is the United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization.
 Q. Which of the following Indian cities is included in the
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11 list of 'UNESCO World Heritage Sites'?
A. Srinagar B. Hyderabad
C. Murshidabad D. Ahmedabad
Ans. D
● Ahmedabad is the Indian city that is included in the list
of 'UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
● It is the largest city and former capital of the Indian
state of Gujarat.
● The Chief Minister of the state is Vijay Rupani and the
Governor is Acharya Devvrat.
 Q. The UNESCO World Heritage Site, Rani-Ki-Vav is
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11 located at _______.
A. Shimla, Himachal Pradesh B. Patan, Gujarat
C. Konark, Odisha D. Jodhpur, Rajasthan
Ans. B
● The UNESCO World Heritage Site, Rani-ki-Vav is located
at Patan, Gujarat.
● Rani-ki-Vav is a stepwell located on the banks of
Saraswati river.
● It was constructed during the rule of the Chalukya
dynasty.
● The backside of the 100 Rs note also displays a
photograph of 'Rani-ki-Vav’.
 Q. The ruins of Hampi have been declared as World
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11 Heritage Site by____
A. UNICEF B. United Nations
C. World Bank D. UNESCO
Ans. D
The ruins of Hampi have been declared as World Heritage
Site by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization (UNESCO) .
* Hampi, also referred to as the Group of Monuments at
Hampi, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in east-
central Karnataka, India.
* Hampi has many hundreds of monuments and other
attractions.
 Q. The Khajuraho Temples are located in the state of
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11 _____.
A. Uttar Pradesh B. Madhya Pradesh
C. Andhra Pradesh D. Uttarakhand
Ans. B
• The Khajuraho Temples are located in Chhatarpur
district,Madhya Pradesh.
• It has Rock paintings, Buddhist Stupas and Temples.
• These temples were built by the Chandella ruler between
AD 900 and 1130.
• The western group of temples comprising of the
Lakshmana Temple, Kandariya Mahadeo Temple, Devi
Jagadambi Temple etc.
• The Eastern Group of Temples includes the Parasvanath
Temple, Ghantai Temple, Adinath Temple, Hanuman
Temple, etc.
 Q. Which among the following is not in the list of UNESCO
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11 World Heritage sites in India?
A. Rani ki Vav, Gujarat
B. Chhattrapati Shivaji Terminus, Maharashtra
C. Bhimbetka Caves, Madhya Pradesh
D. Baba Imambara, Uttar Pradesh
Ans. D
* Baba Imambara, Uttar Pradesh is not in the list of
UNESCO World Heritage sites in India.
* Baba Imambara is known as Asfi Mosque.
* Baba Imambara was built by nawab of Awadh Asaf-ud-
daula.
* UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization its headquarters are
in Paris.
 Q. Which of the following caves of India is not included in
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11 the world heritage list?
A. Elephanta Caves B. Ellora Caves
C. Bhimbetka Caves D. Udaygiri Caves
Ans. D
Ajanta caves (Maharashtra), Ellora caves (Maharashtra),
Elephanta caves (Maharashtra) and Rock Shelters of
Bhimbetka (Madhya Pradesh) are the only caves included
in the world heritage list. Udagiri caves are situated in
Vidisha of Madhya Pradesh.
 Q. Recently, which of the town is added in tentative list of
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11 UNESCO world Heritage sites?
A. Orchha B. Dhar
C. Dewas D. Ujjain
Ans. A
Orchha is added in UNESCO world Heritage site. It is the
architectural heritage site and main tourist destination of
state of Madhya Pradesh. The proposal was sent by the
Archaeological survey of India to United Nations in July
2019.
Orchha town is located in Niwari district of Madhya
Pradesh and was built by the Bundela dynasty’s king
Rudra Pratap Singh. It is having two minaret called
Saavan and Bhadon and many palaces called rajmahal,
Jahangir Mahal, raj Praveen Mahal and Sheesh Mahal.
 Q. When UNESCO declared the monuments of
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A. 1984 B. 1986
C. 1977 D. 1978
Ans. A
The Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram was
inscribed under the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1984
as a Cultural Heritage.
• The Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram is located
in Tamil Nadu.
• The Group of Monuments were built by the Pallava
kings in the 7th and 8th centuries.
• These monuments have been carved out of rock along
the Coromandel coast.
 Q. Where is the Humayun's Tomb located which has been
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11 declared as the World Heritage by UNESCO ?
A. Maharashtra B. Lahore
C. Delhi D. Islamabad
Ans. C
Humayun's Tomb is located in Delhi, India.
• It was built in 1570.
• It was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage
Monument in 1993 for its cultural importance.
• It was built in 1569–1570 by the second Mughal
Emperor Humayun's widow Hajji Begum.
 Q. Which of the following National Park is also a World
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11 Heritage Site?
A. Ranthambhore National Park
B. Keoladeo National Park
C. Sariska National Park
D. Desert National Park
Ans. B
• The Keoladeo Ghana National Park was previously known
as the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary.
• The sanctuary is home to a large number of migratory
birds during the hibernal season and is a very popular
tourist place in Rajasthan.The bird sanctuary, which attracts
a large number of ornithologists from all over the country
and the world during the migratory season, plays home to
as many as 230 avian species.
• In 1971, the park was declared as a protected zone and
was later included in UNESCO’s list of World Heritage Sites.
 Q. Manas National Park is in which state?
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11 A. Orissa B. Maharashtra
C. Assam D. Sikkim
Ans. C
• Manas National Park is located in Assam.
• It is a UNESCO Natural World Heritage site, a Project
Tiger reserve, an elephant reserve and a biosphere
reserve. It is well known for wild water buffalo.
 Q. The Basilica of Bom Jesus is located at?
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11 A. Poducherry B. Panaji
C. Dadar and Nagar Haveli D. Daman and Diu
Ans. B
• The Basilica of Bom Jesus is located at Panaji.
• The Basilica houses the sacred relics of St. Francis
Xavier, patron saint of Goa who died in 1552.
• It is also declared as UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• It’s architecture style comprises of Baroque architecture
and Portuguese Colonial Architecture.
• It is one of the Seven Wonders of Portuguese Origin in
the World.
 Q. Consider the following sites:
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11 1) Great Himalayan National Park
2) Valley of Flowers
3) Jantar Mantar
4) Mahabodhi Temple
Which of the above is/are World Heritage Sites in India?
A. 4 only B. 3 & 4
C. 2,3 &4 D. All of the above
Ans. D
All the sites are listed in UNESCO’s World Heritage List.
Great Himalayan National Park: The national park is in the western part
of the Himalayan Mountains in Himachal Pradesh. It has high density of
alpine peaks, alpine meadows and riverine forests. It was listed in 2004.
Mahabodhi Temple (Bodh Gaya, Bihar): Listed in 2002, it is one of the
four holy sites related to the life of Lord Buddha, and particularly to the
attainment of enlighten. The first temple was built by King Ashoka in 3rd
century BC and the present temple dates from 5th to 6th centuries. It is
entirely built in brick, still standing in India, from the late Gupta Period.
Jantar Mantar (Jaipur): It is an astronomical observation site. It was built
in 18th century. Designed for the observation of astronomical positions
with naked aye, they embody several architectural and instrumental
innovations. It was listed in 2010.
Valley of Flowers (Uttarakhand): Nestled in the West Himalayas, Valley
of Flowers is renowned for its meadows and natural beauty. It is home
to large endangered animals including Asiatic black bear, snow leopard
and blue sheep. It complements the Nanda Devi National Park.
 Q. Jaipur was listed as ‘World Heritage Site’ by the
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held in the city.
A. Baku (Azerbaizan) B. Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan)
C. Istanbul (Turkey) D. Marakesh (Morocco)
Ans. A
• The walled city of Jaipur, was founded in 1727 AD.
• This city was constructed under the patronage of Sawai
Jai Singh II.
• The city which is known for its iconic architectural
legacy and vibrant culture, was entered into the UNESCO
World Heritage Site list in July 2019.
• Jaipur was listed as ‘World Heritage Site’ by the
UNESCO ‘World Heritage Committee’ in its 43rd Session
held in the city of Baku (Azerbaizan).
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