Technology and Livelihood Education

Technical Drafting
Module 8
Perform Mensuration and Calculation
LO 2. Carry out Mensuration and Calculation
 8
Technology and Livelihood Education

Technical Drafting
Module 8
Perform Mensuration and Calculation
LO 2. Carry out Mensuration and Calculation
 Table of Contents
What This Module is About......................................................................................................i
What I Need to Know............................................................................................................... i
How to Use this Module ………………………………………….…………………………………..i
Icons of this Module................................................................................................................ii
What I Know.......................................................................................................................... iii

Perform Calculation and Mensuration................................................................................1

What I Need to Know.............................................................................................................1
What’s In................................................................................................................................ 1
What’s New: Activity 1: indicating a correct measurement.....................................................1
What Is It................................................................................................................................ 2
What’s More: Activity 2: English system measurement.........................................................5
What I Have Learned: Activity 3: Metric system measurement..............................................6
What I Can Do: Activity 4: Conversion 6 ................................................................................6

What I Need to Know.............................................................................................................7

What’s In................................................................................................................................ 7
What’s New: Activity 1: recall- four fundament math operations.............................................7
What’s is It.............................................................................................................................. 8
What’s More: Activity 2: word search puzzle........................................................................10
What I Have Learned: Activity 3: solving using four fundamentals operation........................11
What I Can Do: Activity 4: checking of answers accuracy....................................................11

Summary............................................................................................................................. 12
Assessment (Post test).......................................................................................................13
Key to Answers ................................................................................................................. 14
References ......................................................................................................................... 15
What This Module is About
In the absence of face-to-face classes, due to the pandemic (COVID 2019) the
department of education are opting to design a leaning package module to be printed and to
be given to all student so that the learning of our children will still continue in the midst of the
world crisis that we are facing.

In technical drafting, one of the important skill that you should learn is performing
mensuration and calculation. Understanding measurements is essential for all parts of
manufacturing and production technology Measurements must be uniform to have common
understanding and application in the production and use of manufactured objects.

What I Need to Know

In this particular lesson, students will be able to learn the following competencies

 LO 2. Carry out measurements and calculations

How to Learn from this Module

To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.
Icons of this Module
What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.
 What I Know (Pre-Test)

TEST I

Conversion English to Metric measurement and vice versa

Direction: Select the correct answer from the choices given below

1. Which is the equivalent of 25cm?

a. 10 inches b. 11 inches c. 9.84 inches d. 25 inches
2. Which of the following is the same as 63m?
a. 206.69 feet b. 200 feet c. 195 feet d. 90 feet
3. Try this conversion: What is 50 feet?
a. 20.24m b. 15.24m c. 25m d. 14m
4. 13 inches is equivalent to __________ meters?
a. 2 b. 3 c. 1 d. 0.33
5. 10milimeter is equivalent to __________ inch?
a. 1 b. 2 c. 0.39 d. 0.5
6. What is the term used as the result of multiplication?
A. sum B. difference C. quotient D. product
7. What is the sum of 2020 + 1987?
A. 4,007 B. 4087 C. 4020 D. 4200
8. Product is to multiplication; difference is to __________?
A. subtraction B. multiplication C. division D. addition
9. Subtrahend is to subtraction; divisor is to __________ ?
A. subtraction B. multiplication C. division D. addition
10. Find the product of 45x 64?
A. 2099 B. 1987 C. 2020 D. 2880
 Lesson Perform Calculation and Mensuration
5
What I Need to Know

At the end of this Lesson, Students will be able to:

 Perform calculation needed to complete task by applying trade

mathematics/mensuration

What’s In

In the previous lesson, you were able to identify the different measuring
tools/instrument and know it’s uses, you were also able to draw a lines, angles and circles
using the different tools.

What’s New

Activity 1: indicating a correct measurement

Direction: Write the correct measurements as indicated by extension lines below.
Use a separate sheet of paper.

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 What Is It

TRADE MATHEMATICS / MEASUREMENT

Measuring accurately is a skill that should be developed. Inaccurate measurement

would mean waste of time, effort and materials. The development of the skill in measuring
starts with the ability to read measurement.

An orthographic or pictorial view of an object cannot be used as a working guide in

the construction of an object without complete and accurate dimensions indicated in the
drawing.

Two systems of measurement

There are two systems of measurement: The English system which originated in
England and the Metric system or Systems International (S.I) which originated in France.
The basic unit in the Systems International measurement is called the meter. The
meter is divided into 100 centimeters. Each centimeter is divided into 10 millimeters. They
are abbreviated as follows:

Millimeters mm
Centimeters cm
Decimeters dm
Meters m

In the English system, the inch is divided into 16 graduations and the smallest
graduation is read 1/16.

To read measurement exceeding 1 inch say 2” and for smaller graduations, it is read
and written as: 2” 4/16 or 2 ¼.

1 foot + 2 inches + 3 smaller graduations, it is read and written as: 14” 3/16
 In the Systems International measurement, the meter is divided into 10 millimeters.
as shown below:

Metric System of Measurement

(linear equivalent)

10 millimeters (mm.) = 1 centimeter (cm.)

10 centimeters (cm.) = 1 decimeter (dm.)
10 decimeter (dm.) = 1 meter (m.)
10 meters (m.) = 1 decameter (Dm.)
10 decameter (Dm.) = 1 hectometer (Hm.)
10 hectometer (Hm.) = 1 kilometer (Km.)
10 kilometer (Km.) = 1 mayriameter (Mn.)

English System of Measurement

(linear equivalent)

12 inches (in.) = 1 foot (ft.)

3 feet (ft.) = 1 yard (yd.)

Metric Conversion Table

1 millimeter = 0.03937 inches (in.)

1 centimeter = .3937 inches (in.)
1 meter = 39.37 inches (in.)
English Conversion Table

1 inch (in.) = .0254 mm. = 2.54 cm. = .0254 (m.)

1 foot (ft.) = 304.8 mm. = 30.48 cm = .3048 (m.)
1 yard (yd.) = 914.4 mm = 91.4 cm = .9144 (m.)

Conversion Formulas

Length in inches x 0.0254 = length in meters

Length in inches x 2.54 = length in centimeters
Length in feet ÷ 3.28 = length in meters
Length in meters x 39.37 = length in inches
Length in inches ÷ 39.37 = length in meters
Length in feet x 0.305 = length in meters
Length in feet x 30.5 = length in centimeters
 4

What’s More

Activity 2: Englishsystem measurement

Directions: Write the correct measurements as indicated by extension lines below. Use a
separate sheet of paper.
 What I Have Learned

Activity 3: Metric system measurement

Directions: Write the correct measurements as indicated by extension lines below. Use a
separate sheet of paper.

What I Can Do

Activity 4: Conversion

Direction: convert the following measurement from metric to English system or vice versa.

1. 60 cm = __________ in.
2. 3 ½ in. = __________ cm.
3. 75 cm. = __________ m.
4. 10 in. = __________ cm.
5. 30 cm = __________ ft.

What I Need to Know

 At the end of this module, you as a learner is expected to:
 LO 2.2Employ different techniques in checking for accuracy of the computation

What’s In

From your previous lesson, you were able to learn on how to convert metric system
to English system or vice versa. You’ve learned different conversion table that you can refer
to whenever you need to perform such calculation.
For this lesson, you, as student will be able to learn a technique on how to check the
accuracy of your answer using the four fundamental operations of mathematics

What’s New

Activity 1: recall- four fundament math operations

Direction: Supply what is being ask in the box. First line in the box is done for you

Math sign of Math name of operation Name of the answer of

operation math operation
+ Addition Sum
Subtraction
X
Quotient

What Is It
 Employ techniques in checking for the accuracy of the computation using four
fundamental mathematics operations.

The four basic mathematical operations--addition, subtraction, multiplication, and

division--have application even in the most advanced mathematical theories. Thus,
mastering them is one of the keys to progressing in an understanding of mathematics.

These operations are commonly called arithmetic operations. Arithmetic is the oldest

and most elementary branch of mathematics. In this and other related lessons we will briefly
explain basic math operations. Keep in mind that, even though the operations and the
examples shown here are pretty simple, they provide the basis for even the most complex
operations used in mathematics.

ADDITION

– the act of adding two or more numbers

(+) Sign of addition
Addends- refer to two or more things/numbers being added
Sum – the result of addition or he total

Example:
6+3=9
Where,

6 and 3 is the addend

9 is the sum

SUBTRACTION
- It the inverse of addition. It is taking away something from another
(-) sign of subtraction
Minuend- is the first number where the second number is subtracted from.
Subtrahend – is the number being subtracted
Difference – is the result of subtraction

Example:
9–3=6
Where,
9 is the minuend
3 is the subtrahend
6 is the differences

Now, take note that subtraction is the inverse of addition, as well as addition is the inverse of
subtraction. Hence by checking if your answer is correct, you will just simply reverse the
process. Just like from the example above, in addition 6 and 3 is being added to get the
result which is the number 9. To check if we got the correct answer we will just simply
subtract the number 3 from number 9 to get the result which is the number 6.

MULTIPLICATION
 - the process of combining matrices, vectors, or other quantities under specific
rules to obtain their product.
(x) sign of multiplication
Factors –are numbers you can multiply together to get another number
Product - is the result/answer of multiplication

Example:
3 X 6 = 18
Where,
3 and 6 are the factors
18 is the product

DIVISION
- The operation of determining how many times one quantity is contained in
another
- The inverse of multiplication
(÷) sign of division
Dividend – the number that is divided by another number in a division operation
Divisor – is the number used to divide
Quotient – is the result of division
Remainder – is the part that is left over

Example:
10 ÷ 3 = 3 r1
Where,
10 is the dividend
3 is the divisor
3 is the quotient
1 is the remainder

Take note: Division is the inverse on multiplication. Thus, to check if you get the correct
answer you will just simply reverse the process. In above example from multiplication, we
have 3 multiplied by 6 to get the product of 18. Now to check if our answer is correct, we will
just simply divide 6 from 18 or (18 ÷ 6) to get the result/quotient 3.

What’s More
Activity 2: word search puzzle
Direction: highlight the four fundamental operation and their corresponding answers of
mathematics that you will found in the puzzle. The first one is done for you

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 What I Have Learned

Activity 3: solving using four fundamentals operation

Solve the following equation using the indicated operation
1 3048 2 9144
+ 9144 3048

3 4 2,625
483
x 44 ÷ 25

What I Can Do

Activity 4: checking of answers accuracy

Direction: after you have answer the four equation above, you check if your answer is
correct use the inverse operation to check your answer. Show your solution…
Get another extra sheet of paper for your answer.

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Summary
Two systems of measurement - There are two systems of measurement: The English
system which originated in England and the Metric system or Systems International (S.I)
which originated in France.
Millimeters mm
Centimeters cm
Decimeters dm
Meters m
Conversion Formulas
Length in inches x 0.0254 = length in meters
Length in inches x 2.54 = length in centimeters
Length in feet ÷ 3.28 = length in meters
Length in meters x 39.37 = length in inches
Length in inches ÷ 39.37 = length in meters
Length in feet x 0.305 = length in meters
Length in feet x 30.5 = length in centimeters
ADDITION– the act of adding two or more numbers
(+) Sign of addition
Addends - refer to two or more things/numbers being added
Sum – the result of addition or he total
SUBTRACTION- It the inverse of addition. It is taking away something from another
(-) sign of subtraction
Minuend - is the first number where the second number is subtracted from.
Subtrahend – is the number being subtracted
Difference – is the result of subtraction
MULTIPLICATION - the process of combining matrices, vectors, or other quantities under
specific rules to obtain their product.
(x) sign of multiplication
Factors – are numbers you can multiply together to get another number
Product - is the result/answer of multiplication
DIVISION -The operation of determining how many times one quantity is contained in
another (The inverse of multiplication)
(÷) sign of division
Dividend – the number that is divided by another number in a division operation
Divisor – is the number used to divide
Quotient – is the result of division
Remainder – is the part that is left over

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 Post test
Test I

Conversion of metric to English system or vice versa.

1. Which is the equivalent of 60cm?

A. 10 inches B. 23.52 inches C. 9.84 inches D. 34 inches
2. which of the following is the same as 3 ½ in?
A. 10 cm B. 20 cm C. 8cm D. 8.89 cm
3. try this conversion: what is 75 cm?
A. 25 m B. 5 m C. 0.75 m D. 0.25 m
4. 10 inches is equivalent to __________ centimeter?
A. 30 B. 24.5 C. 25.4 D. 30.5
5. 30 cm is equivalent to_________feet?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 0.39 D. 0.5
6. What is the result of division?
A. sum B. difference C. quotient D. product
7. what is the product of 25 x 25
A. 255 B. 225 C. 252 D. 625
8. Product is to multiplication; difference is to __________?
A. subtraction B. multiplication C. division D. addition
9. Subtrahend is to subtraction; divisor is to __________ ?
A. subtraction B. multiplication C. division D. addition
10. Find the quotient of 2,880÷ 64?
A. 54 B. 46 C. 45 D. 65

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Key to Answers
References

https://www.slideshare.net/kenjoyb/k-to-12-mechanical-drafting-learning-module
https://www.academia.edu/7279690/IDENTIFY_THE_USES_AND_IMPORTANCE_OF
_MEASURING_INSTRUMENTS

https://www.mathsisfun.com/converting-decimals-fractions.html
https://www.mathsisfun.com/converting-fractions-decimals.html
https://www.microimages.com/documentation/Tutorials/measure.pdf

https://www.microimages.com/documentation/Tutorials/measure.pdf

https://www.coursehero.com/file/p6ukvuhv/Object-or-component-to-be-measured-is-
identified-classified-and-interpreted-to/

https://www.cartercenter.org/resources/pdfs/health/ephti/library/lecture_notes/env_healt
h_science_students/engineeringdrawing.pdf

http://506tc.org/_pdf/Trade-Math-Workbook.pdf
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https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.123rf.com
%2Fphoto_78227366_engineering-drawing-equipment-paper-ruler-and-
pencil.html&psig=AOvVaw2bmhxBAnG1amEqGiYzCYgI&ust=1593082816205000&sou
rce=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCLjAloilmuoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
https://www.slideshare.net/eunice6ix/the-four-fundamental-operations
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