MODUL

E2

MODULE 2: MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES

(MELCs)
LESSON 1: BACKGROUND, RATIONALE, AND DEVELOPMENT OF
MELCS

ACTIVITY 1

Answer the following reflective questions.

1. The closure of schools around the world due to the global pandemic posed serious
challenges on the delivery of quality basic education. As a teacher, what do you think
are the fundamental concerns in terms of curriculum standards that need to be
addressed in order to ensure learning continuity? Cite a specific example. Do you
think these concerns could be solved by teachers alone? Why or why not?
Answer:
 In order to ensure that learning continues, government should concern the
welfare of the teachers. A strong support from the government, from the
stakeholders, community and a systematic plan of the DepEd will surely make
this tough times in education a success,

2. Even prior to the spread of COVID-19 that eventually led to the closure of
schools nationwide, the congested curriculum has been a perennial problem of teachers
(Andaya, 2018). This is perceived to be one of the hindering factors on the poor
performance of Filipino learners. Do you agree with this observation? Why or why
not?
Answer:
 Yes, the government should address first the needs of the society in order to
fully realize the said curriculum. It is true that the curriculum creates big
opportunity most especially to those who have the will and came from a well
to do families. However, if we will look on the other side, the new system in
education brought the biggest challenge and struggle to the major population
of the country. Aside from that, it has triggered the lack of mastery of the
subject matter of the learners most especially to those learners who cannot
do independent study and take note that not all parents are lucky enough to
be there as a guide to their children in learning. It is really challenging but
one good thing about the situation is, the Learning Delivery Modalities is a
hope and a proof that no matter what happens, education must exist and
survive.

ACTIVITY 2
Familiarize yourself with the course reading on the Development and Design of the
MELCs. After going through the document, provide a brief and concise response to
the following guide questions.

1. What are the general and specific purposes of the development of MELCs?
Answer:
 It serves as a guide for teachers in addressing the instructional needs of the
learners intended to assist schools in directing the limited number of school
days.

2. How does curriculum review aid in the identification of essential learning

competencies?
Answer:
 The curriculum reviewed by the education experts identify, use and formulated
a mechanism to adopt in determining the needed competencies. It also
enhanced learning engagement, experiences and outcomes.

3. What is the difference between essential learning competencies and desirable

learning competencies?
Answer:
 The essential learning competencies provides the learner’s needs, considered
vital in the teaching-learning process to develop skills, to equips for
subsequent grade levels and for lifelong learning process while the desirable
learning competencies may enhance education but may not necessary for
building foundation skills.

4. How were the most essential learning competencies identified? What were the
decisions made in order to trim down the number of the essential learning
competencies further?
Answer:
 The essential learning competencies identified helps the participants
decide which among the learning competencies are considered most
important.

5. What is the importance of the MELCs in ensuring the delivery of quality

instruction?
Answer:
 The importance of the MELCs in ensuring the delivery of quality
instruction is to accommodate the varying context of the learners,
teachers, learning environment and support the learners with the
concepts and skills through meaningful studies and relatable to them
and within the context of the learner’s own environment.

ACTIVITY 3

Prepare a copy of your learning area’s original K-12 Curriculum Guide and
corresponding list of MELCs.
Go to the sections of the curriculum guide and MELCs that are relevant to
your instructional needs. Copy and accomplish the following table and compare
the two documents to determine which learning competencies were retained,
dropped, or merged.

K to 12 Learning Competencies MELCs

Merged/Clustered No merging done
 Illustrates quadratic equations.
 Solves quadratic equations by: (a)
extracting square roots; (b) factoring; (c)
completing the square; and (d) using the
quadratic formula.
 Characterizes the roots of a quadratic
equation using the discriminant.
 Describes the relationship between the
Retained
coefficients and the roots of a quadratic
equation.
 Solves equations transformable to quadratic
equations (including rational algebraic
equations).
 Solves problems involving quadratic
equations and rational algebraic equations.
 Illustrates quadratic inequalities
 Solves quadratic inequalities.
 Solves problems involving quadratic
inequalities.
 Models real-life situations using quadratic
functions
 Represents a quadratic function using: (a)
table of values; (b) graph; and (c)
equation
 Transforms the quadratic function defined
Same
Retained by y = ax2 + bx + c into the form
competencies
y = a(x – h)2 + k
 Graphs a quadratic function: (a) domain;
(b) range; (c) intercepts; (d) axis of
symmetry; (e) vertex; (f) direction of the
opening of the parabola
 Analyzes the effects of changing the values
of a, h and k in the equation y = a(x – h)
2 + k of a quadratic function on its
graph.***

Dropped So far, there was no competency dropped in Mathematics 9 in Q1

ACTIVITY 4

In your LAC Session, discuss and share your answers to Activities 1-3 in this lesson.
Discuss any questions about the MELCs that need clarification as well. Share your
thoughts and let your co-teachers articulate their insights regarding your questions.
Jot down all the insights shared in the discussion, including your own.

Answer:

 The use of Most Essential Learning Competencies based from K to 12

Curriculum became the helpful tool in addressing the needs of the learners for
quality delivery of instruction during this challenging situation.
LESSON 2: UNPACKING AND COMBINING MELCS INTO
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

ACTIVITY 1

Familiarize yourself with the course reading on Unpacking and Combining the MELCs.
After reading the document, provide a brief and concise response to the following
guide questions:

1. What is the importance of unpacking and combining the MELCs?

Answer:
 It serves as primary reference in determining and implementing learning
delivery approaches suited to the local context and diversity of learners.

2. What considerations must be taken in unpacking and combining the MELCs?

Explain each.
Answer:
 The following are needed to look into consideration in unpacking and combining
the MELC:
a. Identify target or pre-requisite skills;
b. Identify contents or pre-requisite contents skills; and
c. Unpacking proper

3. Do all the MELCs need to be unpacked or combined? Why or why not?

Answer:
 Yes, it is necessary in order to have an efficient learning activity and to
ensure that the competencies needed by the learners are not congested.
Another is, considering that not all students can do independent learning, this
might be a burden to the parents of the learners and may result to slow in
progress in learning. So, the process is quite a big help to the learners.
 ACTIVITY 2

Form a group of four members within your LAC, preferably with fellow teachers in
your respective learning area.

Using the curriculum guide and a list of the MELCs, choose MELCs in the first
quarter and unpack these into learning objectives.

Each team will present their unpacked learning objectives. Discussion and
processing will follow each presentation. Suggestions and insights from each
group will be considered in enhancing the learning objectives.

Repeat the above process but instead of unpacking, each team will now
combine at least two MELCs of their choice. Group deliberation will be
observed in order to arrive at a consensus. Discuss and jot down the synthesis
of the presentations.