Doc. No.

: PLP-PEN-Q015
SCAFFOLDING PROCEDURE Rev. No. : 0

TITLE:

SCAFFOLDING PROCEDURE

DISCIPLINE : QA /QC

DOCUMENT NO. : PLP-PEN-Q015

PROJECT NAME : EFFICIENCY, ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT IMPROVEMENT PROJECT

PHASE 1

JOB NO. : 140118

OWNER : THE BANKCHAK PETROLEUM PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED

0 31-5-2016 ISSUED FOR REVIEW/COMMENT Mr.Ramin

REV. DATE DESCRIPTION PREPARED CHECKED REVIEWED APPROVED

BY BY BY BY

REV. PREPARATION PREPARATION CHECK REVIEW APPROVAL

DEPT

Mr.Ramin
0 QA / QC

31-5-2016

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................ 3

2. CODE AND STANDARD............................................................................................................ 3

3. PURPOSE.................................................................................................................................. 3

4. SCAFFOLDING ISPECTION, TAGGING................................................................................... 4

5. GENERAL REQUIREMENT....................................................................................................... 4

6. TUBE AND COUPLER SCAFFOLDS........................................................................................ 7

7. TUBULAR WELDED FRAME SCAFFOLDS (B/T FRAME)....................................................... 8

8. MANUALLY PROPELLED MOBILE SCAFFOLDS. .................................................................. 9

9. SINGLE-POINT ADJUSTABLE SUSPENSION SCAFFOLDS ................................................ 10

10. SCAFFOLDING COMMON HAZARDS.................................................................................. 10

11. REGULATIONS COMMON TO ALL SCAFFOLDS ................................................................ 11

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1. PURPOSE

The purpose of this procedure is to ensure the safe erection, alteration and dismantling of
scaffolding in PILIN’s projects. PILIN shall provide and use scaffolding, platforms or
temporary floors for all work places which cannot be done safely from ground level.
The scaffolding shall be constructed of components which meet the applicable Regulations
and Client Requirement.

2. SCOPE

The following procedures will cover all scaffolding erected, dismantled or any alterations on the
project. Personnel erecting or dismantling scaffolding shall be trained, tested and certified by a
qualified trainer before the commencement of the work. All scaffolding and work platforms must be in
accordance with job site specifications. This procedure will be based on BS 5973 ‘Code of practice for
Access and working scaffolds and special scaffold structures in steel’.

3. PURPOSE

(1) Scaffolding is a temporary structure used to support people and material in the construction or
repair of buildings and other large structures

(2) CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTOR means POSCO Engineering Thailand.

(3) Scaffolding Inspector is a person who completes the training course by the Thailand
government certified training agency and holds Scaffolding Inspector Certificate.

(4) Scaffold Supervisor is a person who supervises scaffolding activities.

(5) Scaffolder means a person who erects, dismantle & modify scaffold.

(6) Qualified engineer means a person who has experience and professional knowledge in
designing scaffolding.

(7) Heavy duty and special scaffolding have to be verified by authorize safety engineer
before using

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4. SCAFFOLDING INSPECTION, TAGGING

(1) The green and red scaffold tags (see Appendix-A) shall be used to inform/warn users about the
condition of readiness of a scaffold. The ‘Green tag’ shall be an insert while the ‘Red tag’
shall be a holder having an attachment port. The red tag (or holder) should be
fixed into the scaffold component as ‘scaffold erection’ progresses.

(2) The ‘Green tag’ shall be inserted into the holder only when scaffold is certified safe for use through
the completion of the scaffold checklist.

(3) Tags shall be displayed at eye level on all access points of the scaffold.

(4) Scaffold supervisor shall prominently display the ‘Red Tag’ when scaffolding is incomplete,
whether it is during erection, dismantling or alteration.

(5) Scaffold supervisor shall inspect the scaffold after completion of erection and certify them
using the checklist.

(6) Duly signed ‘Green tag’ shall be displayed. It shall be re-inspected at least every seven days or
after modification/alteration and after weather is likely to have affected stability, whichever occurs earlier.

(7) Scaffold work permit shall be issued to erection, alteration & dismantling of any scaffold.(see Appendix-B)

5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

(1) Scaffolds shall be erected in accordance with requirements of this section.

(2) The footing or anchorage for scaffolds shall be sound, rigid, and capable of carrying the
maximum intended load without setting or displacement. Unstable objects such as
barrels, boxes, loose brick, or concrete block, shall not be used to support scaffolds or planks.

(3) No scaffold shall be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered except under the supervision
of competent persons.

(4) Guard rail and toe board shall be installed on all open sides and ends of platforms more
than 2.0m in height.

(5) Guard rails shall be installed, top rail at 90cm to 1.1 m height, mid rail at medium between top
rail and plank, when required. Toe boards shall be a minimum of 15Cm in height.

(6) Any scaffold including accessories such as brace, brackets, trusses, screw legs, ladders,
etc. damaged or weakened from any cause shall be immediately repaired or replaced.

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(7) All load-carrying timber members of scaffold framing shall be construction grade lumber.

(8) All planking shall be scaffold grades, or equivalent, as recognized by approved grading
rules for his species of wood used.

(9) An access ladder or equivalent safe access shall be provided.

(10) All planking of plant forms shall be over lapped (min. 0.3m) or secured from movement.

(11) Scaffold planks shall be extended over their end supports neither less than 15cm nor
more than 30cm.

(12) The pole, legs, or uprights of scaffolds shall be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced
to prevent swaying and displacement.

(13) Over protection shall be provided for men on a scaffold exposed to overhead hazards.

(14) Slippery conditions on scaffolds shall be eliminated as soon as possible after they occur.

(15) No welding, burning, riveting, or open flame work shall be performed on any staging
suspended by means of fiber or synthetic rope. Only treated or protected fiber or
synthetic ropes shall be used for or near any work involving the use of corrosive
substances or chemical.

(16) The use of lean-to-scaffold is prohibited.

(17) The clearance between scaffolds and power lines shall be as follows; scaffolds shall not
be erected, used, dismantled, altered, or moved such that they or any conductive
material handled on them might come closer to exposed and energized power lines
than as follows;

• Insulated Lines

Voltage Minimum distance Alternatives

Less than 300 volts 0.9m
300 volts to 50 KV 3.1m
More than 50 KV 3.1m plus 1.0Cm for each 1 2 times the length of the line
KV over 50 KV. insulator, but never less than
3.1m.

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• Uninsulated Lines

Voltage Minimum distance Alternatives

Less than 50 KV 3.1 m
More than 50 KV 3.1m plus 1.0Cm for each 1 2 times the length of the line
KV over 50 KV. insulator, but never less than
3.1m.

(18) Scaffolding shall be erected, maintained and dismantled by a scaffolding specialist. A“scaffold”
or similar system will be adopted by a competent person on behalf of contractor whose
employees are using it.

(19) The names and resumes of all appointed “competent person” will be submitted to CONTRUCTION
CONTRACTOR before they commence their duties. CONTRUCTION CONTRACTOR may refuse
to recognition of a competent person at its discretion.

(20) The unauthorized modification (e.g., temporary removal of bracings, toe boards, etc.) of
scaffolds is prohibited.

(21) All suspended scaffolds shall be anchored to prevent swinging. The suspended support
shall be electrically insulated when arc welding is to be performed from the scaffold.
Workers on suspended scaffold work platforms must use independent safety line and
safety harnesses/lanyards.

(22) All ladders are to be soundly constructed, properly tied to structure and maintained.

(23) All hydraulic platforms shall be operated by trained operator.

(24) Ladders are to be inspected and tagged if it is not used as part of scaffold. They shall be inspected
before and after use and any observed defect remedied at once. (see Appendix-C for ladder
inspection tag)

(25) Contractor shall ensure that ladder length angle of placement, measures to secure the ladder and
measures to prevent undue swaying, slipping, etc, are suitable for the specific task to be
undertaken.

(26) For all electrical work, non-conductive ladders must be used.

(27) Don’t be allowed for japan-scaffolding.

(28) Scaffolding over than 21m or non-standard design as above items shall be approved by

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authorized design structure engineer.

(29) Not allow to use galvanized scaffolding with SS and Alloy equipment / Piping.

6. TUBE AND COUPLER SCAFFOLDS

(1) Tube and coupler scaffold shall have all post, bearers, runners, and bracing of nominal
48.3mm O.D steel tubing. Thickness of Tube and Coupler shall comply with BS 1139

(2) Duty level of scaffold is based on the chart below.

Duty Use of platform Distributed Max. number Commonly Max. bay

load on of platforms used widths length
platforms using 225 mm
boards
very light Inspection, 0.75 kN/m2 1 working 3 boards 2.7 m
duty painting, platform
stone cleaning,
light
cleaning and
access.
Light duty Plastering, 1.50 kN/m2 2 working 4 boards 2.4 m
painting, platforms
stone cleaning,
glazing and
pointing.
Medium General building 2.00 kN/m2 2 working 5 boards or 4 2.1 m
duty work including platforms boards + 1
brickwork, window + 1 at very inside
and mullion fixing, light duty
rendering,
plastering.
Heavy duty Blockwork, 2.50 kN/m2 2 working 5 boards or 2.0 m
brickwork, heavy platforms 5boards + 1
cladding. + 1 at very inside or
light duty 4 boards + 1
inside
Special Masonry work, 3.00 kN/m2 1 working 6 to 8 boards
duty concrete platform + 1 1.8 m
blockwork, at very light
and very heavy duty
cladding.

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(3) Tube and coupler scaffolds shall be limited in height to 20m. Drawings and specifications
of all tube and coupler scaffolds above these limitations shall be designed by a qualified
engineer.

(4) Post shall be accurately placed, erected on suitable base, and maintained plumb.

(5) Runners shall be erected along the length of the scaffold, located on both the inside and
the outside post at even height. Runners shall be interlocked to the inside and the
outside posts at even heights. Runners shall be interlocked to form continuous lengths
and coupled to each post. The bottom runners (base lift) shall be located as close to the
base as possible.

(6) Bearers shall be installed transversely between parts and shall be securely coupled to
the post bearing on the runner coupler. When coupled directly to the runners, the coupler
must be kept as close to the post as possible.

(7) Longitudinal diagonal bracing on the liner and outer rows of poles shall be installed from
near the base of the first outer past upward to the extreme top of the scaffold. Where the
longitudinal length of the scaffold permits, such bracing shall be duplicated beginning at
every fifth post.

7. TUBULAR WELDED FRAME SCAFFOLDS (B/T FRAME)

(1) Metal tubular frame scaffolds, including accessories such as braces, brackets, trusses,
screw jack, ladders, etc shall be designed, constructed, and erected in accordance with
manufacturer specification or related standard.

(2) Spacing of panels or frames shall be consistent with the loads imposed.

(3) Scaffolds shall be properly braced by cross bracing or diagonal bracing, or both, for
securing vertical members together laterally, and the cross braces shall be of such length
as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is
always plumb, square, and rigid.

(4) Scaffold legs shall be set on adjustable bases or plain bases place on mud sills or other
foundations adequate to support the max rated load.

(5) The frames shall be placed on top of the other with coupling of stacking pins to provided
proper vertical alignment of the legs.

(6) Where uplift may occur, panels shall be locked together vertically by pins or other
equivalent suitable means.

(7) To prevent movement, the scaffold shall be secured to the building or structure at

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intervals no to exceed 9.2 m horizontally and 8.0m vertically.

(8) Toe board shall be a min. of 15cm in height.

(9) Drawings and specifications for all frame scaffolds over 20m in height shall be designed
by a qualified engineer.

8. MANUALLY PROPELLED MOBILE SCAFFOLDS.

(1) When free-standing mobile scaffold towers are used, the height shall not exceed 3 times
the minimum base dimension.

(2) Casters shall be properly designed for strength and dimensions to support intended load.
All casters shall be provided with a positive locking device to hold the scaffold in position.

(3) Scaffolds shall be properly braced by cross bracing and horizontal bracing.

(4) Platforms shall be tightly planked for the full width of the scaffold except for necessary
entrance opening. Platforms shall be secured in place.

(5) A ladder or stairway shall be provided for proper access and exit and shall be affixed or
built into the scaffold and so located that when in use it will not have a tendency to tip the
scaffold. A landing platform must be provided at interval not to exceed 9m.

(6) The force necessary to move the mobile shall be applied near or as close to the base as
practical and provision shall be made to stabilize the tower during movement from one
location to another. Scaffolds shall only move on level floors, free of obstructions and
openings.

(7) The employer shall not allow employees to ride on manually propelled scaffolds unless
the following conditions exist;

¾ The floor or surface is within 3 degree of level, and free from pits, hole, or obstruction.
¾ The minimum dimension of the scaffold base when ready for rolling is at least one-half of
the height. Outriggers, if used, shall be installed on both sides of staging.
¾ The wheels are equipped with rubber or similar resilient tires.
¾ All tools and materials are secured or removed from the platform before the mobile
scaffold is moved.

(8) Scaffolds in use by and persons shall rest upon a suitable footing and shall stand plumb.
The casters or wheels shall be locked to prevent any movement.

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9. SINGLE-POINT ADJUSTABLE SUSPENSION SCAFFOLDS

(1) The power units may be either electrically or air motor driven.

(2) All power - operated gears and brakes shall be enclosed.

(3) In addition to the normal operating brake, all power-driven units shall have an emergency
brake which engages automatically when the normal speed of descent is exceeded.

(4) The hoisting machines, cables, and equipment shall be regularly serviced and inspected.

(5) The units may be combined to form a two-point suspension scaffold.

10. SCAFFOLDING COMMON HAZARDS

During construction, use and dismantling of scaffolding the particular hazards are:

(1) Faulty materials of construction.

(2) Overloading the structure.

(3) Deterioration of the fixings or the materials of construction due to damage, the weather or
their original condition.

(4) Unauthorized alteration of the structure.

(5) Impact from passing vehicles.

(6) Failure of the scaffold structure during construction when it is incomplete.

(7) Falling of scaffolders.

(8) Scaffolding materials being dropped during handling.

(9) Hazards from above.

(10) Faulty structural design or inadequate bracing of the structure

11. REGULATIONS COMMON TO ALL SCAFFOLDS

(1) Foundations and Soleplates

Scaffolds shall be constructed on sound foundations. When required, supporting
earthwork shall be compacted to ensure a sound foundation. In most cases when
erecting a scaffold on the ground or on a footpath, soleplate should be installed.
In addition to compaction it may be necessary to increase the thickness
and the area of the soleplate.

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(2) Decking Planking

At the working level the scaffold shall be closely boarded across its full width of the scaffold.
Planks should be butted (on all scaffolds except circular structures); however, when lapped boards
are used, beveled pieces to minimize the risk of tripping should be fitted at the laps. Particular
precautions shall be taken to hold down decking in high winds. Wooden material cannot
be used near high heat.

(3) Methods of Securing Planks

Cleats should be fixed on the underside of the planks or if on top in positions where
they would not create a tripping hazard.
Lashings should be of a non-flammable type and shall be secured so that the tripping
hazard is minimized.

(4) Temporary Removal of Guardrails

Where it is necessary to load out scaffolds platform with bulk materials, large pipe or
equipment erection, etc., ideally there will be a purpose-built loading bay with a lifting
safety gate or similar.
Where this is not the case, it is permissible to temporarily remove guard-rails and toe
boards provided that:

¾ Unless other work is stopped, other equally effective fall prevention/arrest

measures are put in place (such as safety harnesses) whilst there is an exposed
edge
¾ Once the loading has been completed, the guard-rails and toe-boards shall be
reinstalled immediately.
¾ The removal and refitting of guardrails and toe boards must only be carried out by
a competent scaffolder or a trainee who is under the direct supervision of a
competent scaffolder. Anybody who will be working in incomplete scaffold or
temporary removed guardrails for the purpose of erection shall wear full body
harness and will maintain 100% tie-off.

(5) Access to Scaffolds

¾ Access ladder shall be securely held at the top by fixings to the stiles and shall be
secured that it cannot move from its top or bottom points of rest.
¾ A ladder shall project at least 1 m above the landing place with the landing rung
level with or slightly above the landing platform.
¾ A ladder raising a vertical height of more than 7m shall be provided with an
intermediate landing place. The vertical distance between any two successive
landing places shall not exceed 9m.
¾ There should be at least 200 mm vertical and horizontal clearances behind each
rung of a ladder to permit a safe foothold to be obtained when ascending and
descending
¾ Each landing place shall not be less than 1400 x 700mm and shall have guardrails.

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The landing places should have provided, where necessary, with access holes for
the user which should not exceed 500mm in width and should be as small as is
reasonably practicable in other direction.
¾ Landing places shall not be used as working platforms or for the deposit of
materials.
¾ The vertical distance between two successive landing places should not exceed
9.0m.

(6) Independent Scaffolding Structure Dimension

Mobile or Independent Tower Scaffolds shall be built as per the following dimension
condition: Mobile Scaffold maximum height should be 3 times the Smallest Base Dimension
(SBD) if erected outdoor and 3.5 times SBD if built in indoor but should not exceed12 meter
whichever is smaller. Independent Tower Scaffold maximum height should be 3.5 times
the Smallest Base Dimension (SBD) if erected outdoor and 4.0 times SBD if built in indoor

Appendix-A: Scaffold Tag

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