a. What is Total Quality Management (TQM)?

A core definition of total quality management (TQM) describes a management as an

approach to long–term success through customer satisfaction.  TQM makes all members
of an organization taking part in improving processes, products, services, and the culture
in which they work. The methods for implementing this approach are found in the
teachings from Philip B. Crosby, W. Edwards Deming, Armand V. Feigenbaum, Kaoru
Ishikawa and Joseph M. Juran.

b. History of Total Quality Management

The history of total quality management (TQM) began initially as a term coined by the Naval
Air Systems Command to describe its Japanese-style management approach to quality
improvement. So, it is originated from Japan with the term of 5S.

c. Primary element of TQM

Customer-focused
Total employee involvement
Process-centered
Integrated system
Strategic and systematic approach
Continual improvement
Fact-based decision making
Communications

d. Implementing of Total Quality Management (TQM)

TQM as a term to describe an organization's quality policy and procedure has fallen out of favor
as international standards for quality management have been developed, now it’s just the
philosophy or systematic approach to manage the organization quality.
 The concept still used in this model:  Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award
(MBNQA) criteria, ISO 9001, Six Sigma and lean manufacturing, as well as the
examples below.

e. Quality Management Systems as a Modern Implementation of TQM

ISO 9001:2015 is the most recognized and implemented quality management system
standard in the world. ISO 9001:2015 specifies the requirements for a QMS that
organizations can use to develop their own programs.

The Rise of Quality Management Systems is the American response to the quality revolution in
Japan gave birth to the concept of total quality management (TQM), a method for quality
management that emphasized not only statistics but approaches that embraced the entire
organization.