WS#10 – Lattice Enthalpies (SC27-31)

Part A – Class Practice

1) Which of the following processes is exothermic?
a) Cl2 (g) à 2Cl (g)
b) Cl (g) + e- à Cl- (g)
c) K (g) à K+ (g) + e-
d) KCl (g) à K+ (g) + Cl- (g)
2) Use the data below and from the data booklet to construct the Born-Haber cycle for calcium chloride.
Label each step in the cycle. Use the cycle to determine the lattice enthalpy of CaCl2(s).:
Ca(s) + Cl2(g) → CaCl2(s) ∆Hο = –796 kJ mol–1
Ca(s) → Ca(g) ∆Hο = +178 kJ mol–1
Ca1+(g) → Ca2+(g) ∆Hο = +1145 kJ mol–1

a) How would you expect the lattice enthalpy for KCl to differ from CaCl2? Explain

b) How would the value for CaF2 compare to that for CaCl2? Explain.

3) Consider an ionic compound MX2 where M is a metal that forms a cation of +2 charge, and X is a nonmetal
that forms an anion of –1 charge. A Born-Haber cycle for MX2 is given below. Each step in this cycle has
been assigned a number (1 – 7).

a) Identify the steps in the process (1-7) that are exothermic.

b) Which step represents the enthalpy of atomization?

c) Which step represents the enthalpy of formation for MX2?

d) Use the following energy values to calculate the lattice energy (in kJ/mol) for MX2. ΔHoatom = 296
kJ/mol; ΔHof = -421 kJ/mol; 1st ionization energy = 378 kJ/mol; 2nd ionization energy = 555
kJ/mol; bond dissociation enthalpy = 310 kJ/mol; electron affinity = -427 kJ/mol.