UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL CARIBE

ENGLISH CLASS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

CLIL PROJECT
Presented by Kenneth D. Vergara Barranco
Group: Z5
Program of mechanical engineering
Professor: Marggie Herrera Bonilla
Channel: Engineering explained https://www.youtube.com/user/EngineeringExplained/featured
Technical vocabulary

1. Intake stroke: The induction stroke is the first phase in a four-stroke engine. It involves the
downward movement of the piston, creating a partial vacuum that draws a fuel/air mixture
into the combustion chamber. The mixture enters the cylinder through an intake valve at the
top of the cylinder.
2. Compression stroke: The compression stroke is the second of four stages in a four-stroke
engine. In this stage, the fuel/air mixture is compressed to the top of the cylinder by the piston.
This is the result of the piston moving upwards, reducing the volume of the chamber. Towards
the end of this phase, the mixture is ignited by a spark plug for petrol engines or by self-
ignition for diesel engines.
3. Power stroke: The power stroke is the third phase, where the ignited air/fuel mixture expands
and pushes the piston downwards. The force created by this expansion is what creates an
engine's power.
4. Exhaust stroke: The exhaust stroke is the final phase in a four-stroke engine. In this phase,
the piston moves upwards, squeezing out the gasses that were created during the combustion
stroke. The gasses exit the cylinder through an exhaust valve at the top of the cylinder. At the
end of this phase, the exhaust valve closes, and the intake valve opens, which then closes to
allow a fresh air/fuel mixture into the cylinder so the process can repeat itself.
5. Spark plug: is a device for delivering electric current from an ignition system to the
combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine to ignite the compressed fuel/air mixture by
an electric spark, while containing combustion pressure within the engine.
6. Ignition system: An ignition system generates a spark or heats an electrode to a high
temperature to ignite a fuel-air mixture in spark ignition internal combustion engines, oil-
fired and gas-fired boilers, rocket engines, etc. The widest application for spark ignition
internal combustion engines is in petrol (gasoline) road vehicles such as cars and motorcycles.
7. Carburetors: is a device that mixes air and fuel for internal combustion engines in the proper
air–fuel ratio for combustion.
8. Radiators - are heat exchangers used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another
for the purpose of cooling and heating. The radiator is always a source of heat to its
environment, although this may be for either the purpose of heating this environment, or for
cooling the fluid or coolant supplied to it, as for automotive engine cooling.
9. Turbocharges: is a turbine-driven, forced induction device that increases an internal
combustion engines efficiency and power output by forcing extra compressed air into the
combustion chamber.
10. Hybrid cars: A hybrid vehicle uses two or more distinct types of power, the basic principle
with hybrid vehicles is that the different motors work better at different speeds; the electric
motor is more efficient at producing torque, or turning power, and the combustion engine is
better for maintaining high speed.
 UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL CARIBE
ENGLISH CLASS
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

11. Clutch: is a mechanical device which engages and disengages power transmission especially
from driving shaft to drive shaft.
12. Transmission: is a machine in a power transmission system, which provides controlled
application of the power. Often the term 5 speed transmission refers simply to the gearbox
that uses gears and gear trains to provide speed and torque conversions from a rotating power
source to another device.
13. Rotary engine: the rotary engine was an early type of internal combustion engine, usually
designed with an odd number of cylinders per row in a radial configuration, in which the
crankshaft remained stationary in operation.
14. Differential: is a gear train with three shafts that has the property that the rotational speed of
one shaft is the average of the speeds of the others, or a fixed multiple of that average.
15. Camshaft: is a rotating object that contains pointed cams, which converts rotational motion
to reciprocal motion. Camshafts are used in internal combustion engines, mechanically
controlled ignition systems and early electric motor speed controllers.
16. Piston: is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors,
hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. Its purpose
is to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod and/or
connecting rod.
17. Driveshaft: is a mechanical component for transmitting torque and rotation, usually used to
connect other components of a drive train that cannot be connected directly because of
distance or the need to allow for relative movement between them.
18. Crankshaft: is a rotating shaft which converts reciprocating motion of the pistons into
rotational motion. Crankshafts are commonly used in internal combustion engines and consist
of a series of cranks and crankpins to which the connecting rods are attached.
19. Horsepower: is a unit of measurement of power, or the rate at which work is done, usually
in reference to the output of engines or motors.
20. Brakes systems: is a mechanical device that inhibits motion by absorbing energy from a
moving system. It is used for slowing or stopping a moving vehicle, wheel, axle, or to prevent
its motion, most often accomplished by means of friction.
Bibliography

[1] Serway and Beichner, «physics for science and engineering,» Mc Graw Hill.