Lesson 5 Module (FL 11) 1st Sem Sy 2020-2021

Course Module: FL 11: Asian/European Language
BU CAL, BA Communication, 1st Year

1st Semester SY 2020-2021
Lesson 5: Consonants – 자음 (Ja-eum)

(October 5-9)
What is this lesson about?
In the last lesson, you have learned the basic and complex vowels in Korean. In this lesson,
you will learn all about the consonants: names, pronunciation rules and stroke orders.
The succeeding pages in this module contain audio materials that are accessible in the
Google Classroom Drive through this link:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Zs2F8JXqpgjJVa43PtsUaU13Z2Byd-zd?usp=sharing
What will you learn?
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. Recognize the key points/techniques in proper pronunciation of Hangul Ja-eum (Korean

consonants).
2. Identify and execute the proper order of strokes in writing Hangul Ja-eum.
Let’s read!
Pronouncing consonants can be tricky and challenging sometimes. You might have a hard time
telling each sounds apart if you’re learning Korean for the first time. But don’t worry because I will make
this lesson easy with few tricks and tips for you to understand Korean consonants.
Hangul Consonants
There are a total of 19 Korean consonants. Just like vowels, consonants are also divided into 2
categories: basic consonants and double consonants. However, unlike vowels, consonants have names.
You might think that memorizing their names adds up to the burden on your list of things to memorize.
On the contrary, their names are context clues to help you memorize how they are being pronounced.
Some pronunciation of consonants varies depending on their position in a word and a syllable block. This
will be tackled in detail in the next lesson. For now, just focus on memorizing the initial pronunciation of
consonants. Below is a chart of all Hangul consonants arranged in the alphabetical order.
The audio file may be accessed through this link:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/13f91f1PfndYOfQlEwJY5p1vrT5Ots1zK?usp=sharing
비읍
bieup
[b][p]
Altavano, M.H. (2020, July 7). FL 11: Asian/European Language. Bicol University College of Arts and Letters: Legazpi City, Philippines.
Basic Consonants
Out of 19 consonants, 14 of these are basic consonants. The following are the basic consonants
arranged in alphabetical order:
비읍
bieup
[b][p]
Each of these consonant sounds can be described along two dimensions:
1. place of articulation: where it is produced in the mouth

2. manner of articulation: how the air escapes from the mouth
The Hangeul letters for the Korean consonants were created with inspiration from the shape of
the oral cavity. The five basic consonant shapes are:
1. ㄱ (velar — the shape of the tongue touching the back of the “roof” of the mouth)
2. ㄴ (alveolar — the shape of the tongue touching just behind the teeth)
3. ㅁ (bilabial — the shape of the lips)
4. ㅅ (dental — the shape of a tooth)
5. ㅇ (glottal — the shape of the throat)
These five basic consonants are the basis for creating the other nine derived consonants of the
Korean alphabet, by adding lines to represent the different sounds produced with different places of
articulation in the oral cavity:
1. Velars: ㄱ, ㅋ, ᄁ
2. Alveolars: ㄴ, ㄷ, ㅌ, ㄹ, ᄄ
3. Bilabials: ㅁ, ㅂ, ㅍ, ᄈ
4. Dentals: ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ᄊ, ᄍ
5. Glottals: ㅇ, ㅎ
Double Consonants
As its name suggests, double consonants are simply two of the same consonants combined. The
following are the basic consonants arranged in alphabetical order:
Plain, Aspirated and Tense Consonants
In English pronunciation, consonants are paired either as ‘voiced’ (sounds produced via
vibration of the vocal chords) or ‘voiceless’ (sounds produced without vibration of the vocal
chords). Some of these English consonants are:
 P/B
 T/D
 K/G
Korean consonants, on the other hand, are categorized into 3: plain, aspirated, and tense.
Below is a table of consonants in their respective categories:
Plain
These are consonants
pronounced without any 비읍
strong bust of air or bieup
aspiration. [b][p]
Aspirated
These are consonants
pronounced like their plain
counterparts but with
strong aspiration or burst
of air.
Tense
These are called 쌍 (ssang)
‘twin’ letters and are
pronounced with a harder
and stiffer voice compared
to their plain counterparts.
Stroke Orders
Now that you have learned the names and pronunciation of each consonants, we’ll learn the
proper stroke orders this time. Just like vowels, consonants has to be written following specific stroke
orders which is: top to bottom and left to right. If the character is a 쌍 (ssang) ‘twin’, the first character in
the left is written first following the same general rule of stroke order, then to be followed by the second
character. The succeeding pages in this module contain a worksheet on how to write consonants and how
to combine them with vowels.
The audio materials are accessible in the Google Classroom Drive through this link:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1oVCWCCkHb5qW2Oj_eKMiQ6eTHSMOhuy8?usp=sharing
Syllable Blocks
We have tackled these first three kinds of syllable block in lesson 4:
C C V
C
V
Consonant
Vowel
C V
V V
(Ka) (No) (Dwae)
Combining the other consonants with vowels will follow the same rule of syllable blocking.
Consonants combined with vertical vowels will be arranged in a horizontal manner. Consonants combined
with horizontal vowels will be arranged vertically. Consonants combined with a horizontal complex vowel
will be arranged in a ‘triangular’ manner.
Let’s Discuss!
Now that you have learned the proper pronunciation and stroke orders of Hangul consonants,
let’s try combining consonants with the vowels. Below is a chart that you have to fill in using the
appropriate block formation. The first two blocks were filled in as your guide.
How much have you learned?
A. Basic Consonants. Try to guess how these words are pronounced. Check your answers by listening to
the audio link here:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1dXT7XjDc7ErzeTBzVBmRqLOuU6wmTa8n?usp=sharing
B. Double Consonants. Try to guess how these words are pronounced. Check your answers by listening
to the audio link here:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1lISgexcjpEKQE6pEUOEXq_LpKpb3zNDk?usp=sharing
C. Matching Type. Connect the dots between each Hangul and the correct Romanization.
References:
1. Ox, Lisa Jeon. (2019, July, 19). Korean pronunciation tips, part 1: consonant sounds. LanGo
Institute. https://langoinstitute.com/.
2. 한글 Hangeul - Korean Alphabet (audio). Foreign Service Institute Language Korean Basic
course. Retrieved from https://app.memrise.com/course/124459/hangeul-hangeul-korean-
alphabet-audio/.
3. Ji, Eun-I., Jinhan, M&B. (2014). 한국어 표준교재 1 / Korean standard textbook 1 -employment
permit system for korean proficiency test. Korea. Korean Industrial Service Publication.
4. Talk To Me in Korean. (2009). Hangeul Master – Learn how to read and write in Korean. Seoul,
Korea. Longtail Books, BOOKHOUSE Publishers.

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Course Module: FL 11: Asian/European Language

BU CAL, BA Communication, 1st Year

Lesson 5: Consonants – 자음 (Ja-eum)

What is this lesson about?

What will you learn?

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

1. Recognize the key points/techniques in proper pronunciation of Hangul Ja-eum (Korean

Each of these consonant sounds can be described along two dimensions:

1. place of articulation: where it is produced in the mouth

Plain, Aspirated and Tense Consonants

We have tackled these first three kinds of syllable block in lesson 4:

(Ka) (No) (Dwae)

How much have you learned?

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