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ENGLISH
Quarter 1
Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) 1

Distinguishing Various Types of

Information/Factual Text

Writer:

Roselyn T. Lastimosa
Mariano Espina Memorial CES
SDO – Surigao City
 Introduction

These Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) were designed and written with you in mind to help
you distinguish various types of informational/factual texts. The scope of this learning
material focuses on the many different learning situations. Moreover, the language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of learners. The lessons are also arranged following
the standard sequence of the course. Hence, the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The LAS contains:

Lesson 1: Distinguishing Various Types of Information/Factual Text

After going through this LAS, you are expected to:

1. define the meaning of informational/factual text through specific definition;
2. give examples of informational text such as biographies, autobiographies of Filipino
heroes and local leaders with remarkable achievements;
3. show examples of factual text through news reports, interviews, recipes, records and
instructions;
4. differentiate informational and factual text based on the series of examples set.

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 Pretest

A. Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on
a separate sheet of paper.

1. The purpose of this type of text is to inform the reader about a specific topic.
A. Legal B. Fictional C. Technical D. Informational

2. This factual text type includes personal essay, speeches, opinion pieces, essays
about art or literature, biographies, memoirs, journalism, and historical, scientific,
technical, or economic accounts (including digital sources) written for a broad
audience.
A. Argumentative texts C. Expository texts
B. Literary nonfiction D. Procedural texts

3. What kind of informational text is a recipe for Pork Adobo?

A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

4. If your purpose of writing is to persuade people to agree with your opinion, what kind
of text type should you write?
A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

5. You read an article that describes the situation of our country due to the COVID-19
pandemic. What kind of factual text have you read?
A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

6. What type of factual text is a news article?

A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

7. An article presents the problem of rising cases of COVID-19 and presents solutions
to decrease the number of cases. What informational text type is the article?
A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

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B. Read each paragraph and identify the type of informational text.
8. Junk Food is very harmful that is slowly eating away the health of the present
generation. The term itself denotes how dangerous it is for our bodies. Most
importantly, it tastes so good that people consume it daily. However, not much
awareness is spread about the harmful effects of junk food. The problem is more
serious than you think. Various studies show that junk food impacts our health
negatively. They contain higher levels of calories, fats, and sugar. On the contrary,
they have very low amounts of healthy nutrients and lack dietary fibers. Parents must
discourage their children from consuming junk food because of the ill effects it has on
one’s health.

A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative

B. Procedural D. Expository

9. A private school is autonomous and generates its own funding through various
sources like student tuition, private grants and endowments. A public school is
government funded and all students attend free of cost. Because of funding from
several sources, private schools may teach above and beyond the standard
curriculum, may cater to a specific kind of students (gifted, special needs, specific
religion/language) or have an alternative curriculum like art, drama, technology etc.
Public schools have to adhere to the curriculum charted out by the district, and
cannot deny admission to any child within the residential school zone. There are
several preconceived notions regarding private and public schools. Private schools
are often assumed to be very expensive, elitist and a better bet for admission to good
colleges. Public schools are often thought of as shoddy, less disciplined and low-
grade curriculum. This comparison offers a fair insight into both schools for parents to
make an informed decision.

A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative

B. Procedural D. Expository

10. Mango float is a Filipino icebox cake dessert made with layers of graham crackers,
whipped cream, condensed milk, and ripe mangoes. It is a modern variant of the
traditional Filipino crema de fruta cake. Here are the steps to follow to prepare it.
Prepare a rectangular glass dish with or without lid. In a bowl, whisk Nestle cream
until smooth. Add the condensed and evaporated milk. Whisk until well combined.
Using a ladle, place a small amount of the milk mixture into the bottom of the dish,
then place a layer of Graham crackers and top with the sliced mangoes. Ladle a
mixture again, slowly pours over the crackers and the mangoes, making sure it
covers all of the Graham crackers. Repeat by placing layers of crackers, mangoes
and milk mixture.

A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative

B. Procedural D. Expository

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 Lesson

Distinguishing Various Types of Information/Factual Text

Read the text below and answer the questions that follow.

President Rodrigo Roa Duterte was born on March 28, 1945 in Maasin, Southern Leyte
of Vicente Duterte and Soledad Roa who were both civil servants. His mother was a
public school teacher while his father was a government worker. He graduated in 1968
with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Political Science at the Lyceum of the Philippines
University and obtained a law degree from San Beda College of Law in 1972. He passed
the bar exam that same year.. He is among the longest-serving mayors in the
Philippines and has been Mayor of Davao City for seven terms. On May 9, 2016, He
won a landslide victory as the 16th President of the Philippines. He was officially
proclaimed by a joint session of the Philippine Congress on May 30, 2016. He is the first
President from Mindanao, and the first local chief executive to get elected straight to the
Office of the President.

1. What is the whole text about?

___________________________________________________________________

2. When was President Rodrigo Roa Duterte born?

___________________________________________________________________

3. Who were the parents of our president?

___________________________________________________________________

4. When did Rodrigo Roa Duterte win as president in our country?

___________________________________________________________________

5. When was his proclamation as official president in the Philippines?

___________________________________________________________________

Take Note: The text above is an example of informational text. As you answer the questions,
you gather factual information from the text you had read.

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What is an Informational Text?

Informational texts are nonfictional writing, written with the intention to of informing the
reader about a specific topic. It is typically found in magazines, newspaper, science books,
autobiographies, and instruction manuals.

It uses special text which allows its users to easily find key information and understand the
main topic. This is done by placing a header over certain sections. It may also use visual
representation with captions which includes pictures, graphs, tables, diagrams, and charts.

There are specifically four types of informational text as follows:

1. Literary Nonfiction

Includes shorter texts, such as “personal essay, speeches, opinion pieces, essays about art
or literature, biographies, memoirs, journalism, and historical, scientific, technical, or
economic accounts (including digital sources) written for a broad audience.”
Autobiographies, biographies, other narrative nonfiction, informational picture books, and
informational poetry often fit into this category.

Narrative informational text typically communicates accurate information and has a well-
defined beginning, middle, and end. Informational poetry weaves facts into poems.

Example: Biography of President Roa Duterte

President Rodrigo Roa Duterte was born on March 28, 1945 in Maasin, Southern Leyte
of Vicente Duterte and Soledad Roa who were both civil servants. His mother was a
public school teacher while his father was a government worker. He graduated in 1968
with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Political Science at the Lyceum of the Philippines
University and obtained a law degree from San Beda College of Law in 1972. He passed
the bar exam that same year.. He is among the longest-serving mayors in the
Philippines and has been Mayor of Davao City for seven terms. On May 9, 2016, He
won a landslide victory as the 16th President of the Philippines. He was officially
proclaimed by a joint session of the Philippine Congress on May 30, 2016. He is the first
President from Mindanao, and the first local chief executive to get elected straight to the
Office of the President.

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2. Procedural Texts

Procedural text is a factual text that gives a set of instructions on how to do something. To
be able to follow a procedure, take note a transitional words that signal time –order of steps
such as first, then, next, and last.

Example: Safety Measures before Typhoon

Whole-year round typhoon occurs. It is necessary to be prepared for the coming of any
typhoon as predicted. First and foremost, inspect your house if it needs to be repaired
or fixed. Then, clean up the house drainage system to avoid blockage. Next, store an
adequate supply of food and water good for a few days. Ensure that appliances should
be place in an elevated position. They might be damaged if water can penetrate into
them in case floodwater rushes into your house. Lastly, always keep flashlights,
candles, batteries, and first aid supplies.

3. Expository Texts

Expository texts utilize various text structures such as description, cause-effect, comparison
and contrast, problem and solution, question and answer, and temporal sequence.

Example: Comparison and Contrast between the Moon and the Sun

The moon and sun are both bright round objects in the sky. Indeed, viewed from the
Earth’s surface, both appear as similarly sized disks. That said, however, they are
otherwise very different. The sun is a star, while the moon is a large mass of work rock
and dirt. According to most theories, the sun formed from the solar nebla, a giant mass
of cloud and dust that collapsed because of its gravity. When it did, the material that
pulled into the center formed the sun. When the Earth was formed in the early solar
system, it didn’t have a moon. The moon was likely created when a large planet collided
with the Earth. The resulting particle cloud rose and eventually condensed into the
moon.

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4. Argument or Persuasion Texts

Argumentative or persuasion texts provide evidence with the intent of influencing the beliefs,
or actions of the target audience. These texts typically include claims, evidence, and
warrants to explain how the evidences are linked to the claims. Writers of persuasion or
argument also make appeals-appeals to the author’s credibility, to the audience’s needs, or
to reason and evidence

Example: The Effect of Mobile Phone to Children

Many children now possess a mobile phone and they are fast becoming the latest
fashion item.Children continue to use mobiles despite the obvious risk to their health.
Mobile phones emit a dosage of radiation, which is harmful to the user and cause severe
brain damage.Mobiles are useful, however. They enable parents to maintain contact with
their children whenever they need to. There are also obvious benefits to their use in
emergency situations. The recent rise in crimes associated with mobiles is a worrying
trend: many of our children are under threat of violence merely by the possession of a
phone. Parents should think carefully before purchasing a mobile phone for their child.

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 Learning Activities

Activity 1

A. Match the following types of information to its description. Write the letter of the
correct answer on the blank provided before each number.

Column A Column B
________ 1. Argument text A. utilizes question and answer, problems
________ 2. Literary Nonfiction and solutions
________ 3. Procedural text B. provides step-by-step guidelines that
________ 4. Expository text describe how to complete a task
C. includes biographies, memoirs,
journalism, and historical, scientific,
technical, or economic accounts
D. includes claims, evidence, and warrants
to explain how the evidence linked to the
claims.

B. Directions: Draw thumb up , if the statement is true and thumb down , if it

is false. Draw it before the number.

1. Autobiographies and biographies are examples of literary nonfiction.

2. Argument or persuasive texts provide step-by-step guidelines that describe how to
complete a task.
3. Comparison and contrast is one of the structures of expository texts.
4. Procedural texts provide evidence with the intent of influencing beliefs.
5. Literary Nonfiction includes shorter texts.

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Activity 2

Using a Venn diagram, list the down the similarities and differences of each type of
informational text.

Procedural

Argumentative Expository

Literary nonfiction

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Activity 3

Give an example of an informational text by cutting from newspapers or magazines, or

printing out from the internet a biography of your favorite Philippine hero and paste it in your
notebook.

Activity 4

Write the process on how to cook your favorite food. Indicate the ingredients and the
procedures in cooking your favorite meal. Follow the format below.

Recipe Name:

Ingredients: Procedures:

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 Reflection

Directions: Complete the 3-2-1 Chart about your discoveries in distinguishing various
informational/factual texts. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

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 Posttest

A. Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. The purpose of this type of text is to give facts about arts, science or social studies.
A. Legal B. Fictional C. Technical D. Informational

2. This factual text type includes personal essay, speeches, opinion pieces, essays
about art or literature, biographies, memoirs, journalism, and historical, scientific,
technical, or economic accounts (including digital sources) written for a broad
audience.
A. Argumentative texts C. Expository texts
B. Literary nonfiction D. Procedural texts

3. What kind of informational text is a recipe for Pork Adobo?

A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

4. If your purpose of writing is to persuade people to agree with your opinion, what kind
of text type should you write?
A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

5. You read an article that describes the situation of our country due to the COVID-19
pandemic. What kind of factual text have you read?
A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

6. What type of factual text is a news article?

A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

7. An article presents the problem of rising cases of COVID-19 and presents solutions
to decrease the number of cases. What informational text type is the article?
A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

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B. Read each paragraph and identify the type of informational text.
8. Junk Food is very harmful that is slowly eating away the health of the present
generation. The term itself denotes how dangerous it is for our bodies. Most
importantly, it tastes so good that people consume it daily. However, not much
awareness is spread about the harmful effects of junk food. The problem is more
serious than you think. Various studies show that junk food impacts our health
negatively. They contain higher levels of calories, fats, and sugar. On the contrary,
they have very low amounts of healthy nutrients and lack dietary fibers. Parents must
discourage their children from consuming junk food because of the ill effects it has on
one’s health.
A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

9. A private school is autonomous and generates its own funding through various
sources like student tuition, private grants and endowments. A public school is
government funded and all students attend free of cost. Because of funding from
several sources, private schools may teach above and beyond the standard
curriculum, may cater to a specific kind of students (gifted, special needs, specific
religion/language) or have an alternative curriculum like art, drama, technology etc.
Public schools have to adhere to the curriculum charted out by the district, and
cannot deny admission to any child within the residential school zone. There are
several preconceived notions regarding private and public schools. Private schools
are often assumed to be very expensive, elitist and a better bet for admission to good
colleges. Public schools are often thought of as shoddy, less disciplined and low-
grade curriculum. This comparison offers a fair insight into both schools for parents to
make an informed decision.
A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

10. Mango float is a Filipino icebox cake dessert made with layers of graham crackers,
whipped cream, condensed milk, and ripe mangoes. It is a modern variant of the
traditional Filipino crema de fruta cake. Here are the steps to follow to prepare it.
Prepare a rectangular glass dish with or without lid. In a bowl, whisk Nestle cream
until smooth. Add the condensed and evaporated milk. Whisk until well combined.
Using a ladle, place a small amount of the milk mixture into the bottom of the dish,
then place a layer of Graham crackers and top with the sliced mangoes. Ladle a
mixture again, slowly pours over the crackers and the mangoes, making sure it
covers all of the Graham crackers. Repeat by placing layers of crackers, mangoes
and milk mixture.
A. Literary nonfiction C. Argumentative
B. Procedural D. Expository

13
 14
Pretest Activity 1 Activity 2
D
B 1.D Learner’s answers may vary
B 2. C
C 3. B Activity 3
D 4. A
D Learner’s answers may vary
D
C Activity 4
D
B Learner’s answers may vary
Reflection Posttest
Learners answers may D
Vary B
B
C
D
D
D
C
D
B
Answer Key
http://www.philippinesguam.org/philippines-agana/about-the-philippines-agana/the-
president-agana/presidents-bio-agana/

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/9959-thermometers-how-to-take-your-
temperature

https://sciencing.com/similarities-differences-between-sun-moon-8459351.html

https://pdst.ie/persuasivewriting

https://www.toppr.com/guides/essays/harmful-effects-of-junk-food-essay/

https://www.diffen.com/difference/Private_School_vs_Public_School

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iFjoEWMOcIo

Icons credit: Ivin Mae N. Ambos, Division of Surigao del Sur

Development Team
Writers : Roselyn T. Lastimosa
Editor :
Evaluators :

Illustrators :
Management Team : Karen L. Galanida
Florence E. Almaden
Carlo P. Tantoy
Noemi D. Lim

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