ae OF APPLIED HYDRAULIC LABORATORY TEST ______3" SEMESTER 2020/2021 —_NAME = +_AGENG MAULANA WIRAWAN STUDENT NUMBER 1941320011 / 04 a CLASS _ 1 IMRKB 2H. DATE, cea LECTURER __: AYISYA CINDY HARIFA, S.T:, MT. z D-IZ STupy PROGRAM = CONST! EMEN CWE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT _______STATE POLYTECHNIC OF MALANG | faEXPERINENT Lo — ___HYDRostaric PRESSURE TEST _ roduction 7 i dydravlics iS @ bfanch of science concern ith the practical Application 9, pinay Liquids an motion, dlydrostatic pressure is the pressure woter exerts dve t0 HS __ opt Ber unit. 47ea Ot some depth, Some principles which always apply to hydrostatic Presume ge tint restore depends only on Ue depth of water above the point “tL” tht not on the water Surface. ren , pressufe Increase in difect proportion to the depth of water, Pressure __ “na Continuous VDlume Of wiiter IS the Same at alll points that are ab the same _maghide. _ ; _petween | fam 44052 principles, It Can be determined that a Linear relanon shovld oxis ye pressure _and the force ot Some depth 0} 9 fluid at Frese, __ __|n this €xperiment , With using the Hydrostatic Pressure aprambus, the calculatton _of nupnttude , direction and line of the hydrostatic forces exerted by a_pivid on a Submerge) “pane sultace can \e determined and ‘ES Important In the design of strucbures Such as dams, winter gates, tants, etc. Objective To determine the hydrostatic force on a plane Immersed When the surjece _ | iS _pertinly versus fully submerged __ _2)To determine the Line of actin of the force and to determined by the experiment with the theorttical posiérog, _ pare the positron : 13. Equipment — ee | —) Arm gielg Fi-la Hydrostatte Pressure Apparatus. | —The apparatus iS comprised o} a Tectangulnr brasparent —Whertank, a fabricated Quadrant, balance arm, an dgustoble —Leunter balance weight and a water-Leve) wmensuring device. The wator tank has a drain valve at one ed_and three ~Adyustagle Screwed In Feet on les base for_heveling the appatntys, The Guadrant is mountza_on a bblance arm that pivots on lunige = E26, The Unige cages. coincide with the center of the. arc o¢ (Figure 14, Armgild Fla) _ te dundting ; Hore gore, the only hygrostattc. farce acting on the Sauemannnee Verticm sungoce of the quadrant Crente s momort about the Pivot point. This momen’ con _ be counterbalanced ky adding weight bo the weight hanger. Since the Line oF actions of hybrostobic_forces applied on bhe corve) suHaces posses ehragh the PVC Pont, Lhe Jorce — have no effech on the moment. the hydrostatre force ond tts Line of action can be _ cd fot gifderent axrant’s Vertical Jace erther pact brEe a | __baaal_Teatntae otic to Le Se Of tank sos taben the balence xm 6s honest ajmilted 0 te top of te kan by flenive tube_ond may be draned_througn—— tal dime Valve_on_the Side Ok the ton Also, the Water Level 1S Indicabed on a sca}e___—— Tnbhe Side tHe Sunrant, a _ Dy ot Meosuring _cytimer. — _ & = - | ee Groponees cylinjor_are Oben Used LO measure tne volume Of 4c4pid, — + LA 8 dest for contain) the water before_used_In_apporatys, Bl iF 1 || This Mensuriay cylinder ore Generally more accurate — | ze. i —_thanlaboratory flasus ond bequefs, __ = to _— ___(Piqg0 4-2. Grngunted cytinier) ee EES 3) Coupers or Rulers. oe ; - te mensore the actin dimansion 0} the gvounnne, and he Fndius Of cure, 14, Procedyre. - a - Borin te experiment. by measuring tae dimensions—of the quadrant end $ace (Boal) onthe distance or_curve, balance Otm_langthana.depth 2j- guaatant_(H and L) ; | —AN} then perform the experiment by taking the following, eG tts oe —__DWipe $e quatvont with 0 wee fag to tumaye Surface tension And preven —————_— ait pubbles 10m forming, —_—___— —F piace ve aptarabes. on a lave SiGince,ond ajust the Stren free ell the | —__bild-tn_crFoylar_Spirits Level_indicabes thay the bace 1s _bovmntal, 9) Position he balance arn_on the lnlye edges ard check tab the ath swings freely. 4) Place the weight hanger on bhe end op the balance arm anl_tevey the arm, using He contr werkt, $0 ehite the balance arm 15 bot Zentaa). —DRS_5e proms tothe wget bapa —— —§)Rd2 wpter to the bank and alr time _for the water to Sebple, “T) Close. te brain. valve ae the end a the dant, tien Slowly pdb water nell tre. hydrastabic || “ fatce_on the eng} Sufface of the queatars 15 balanged. This Can be Judged by —_altgniny the bage Of He balance Ae th the top or boveon of the conbtal _ —__marung, on the balance 6b. ——— —_——— 8) ecory the water -hasynby which siselnyed on ee sideqp qyadtant 0° mm”, Uy the Warrant. ts partially subma9ea ‘record Uwe CoA} In bhe partially svbmeryed e100 of Lhe ry dnt A LAP a - > . =F , tee Stats pe ee on 5 Bddlo) SOY wefght anch_time /Secton ,_wnbil_ the fal welpht—— 009 5 tm when etna cdl sme col ip ae ge ys —_ rocedore in fey 11) Relons cena ate ie ca On — - | ip lewlbs and Calculations —___ 54. Resulb ee - | Fram ese laboratory, the folly dnt -0f dimension Lecotded 1s; | Table 1.1. Dimension Doan ot Apparatus. Description [cope | valve | units Jonit of ayatont enaeace | 2} 04 pm | Width op Submerged 8 5|™ Lerpth gp balancearin L | 0.275 |m_| Distance rom bose of duoinut to pok | H. 0-2 |™ WRaw Data Tobie, Adar dns the crore, the anba of mass on dePeh calected Wim | Tble_1-2» Raw Daten [ase ns, Mass mn? | Datthos ‘Wnmayon | Note + perth oF hnmersion datas | (300) a’ (o) is summed up With (0-1 rabsine tua) zt 4 | 50 vabsenb number 204. mes a | 120 _ | 22 [3 | 220 —1$§ \2| ——_ om | — ||) |e a 250 0,091 _ \|| _350__152. Rested Data. Miter calcoate the Partily and fuly Submerged 9 e¥enn yants_using tle eg.uation elow . (A the datos 15 mergedin Result Tope. 0) Hydrostatic Force > Fs Pp As (240A > Pactioty jmmersed Vertical Plane. Fy op9.B.d* > Filly Immerse vertical Plane _ 7 Fe eg.B0.(0-%) Th eoriticnl “Determination OF Center Fe Pressure D tnersia of fully |pamofsed vertial Plane b= cate -(2- a Ft _ Experrmontal Detorm nneon 04 Cener ob Pressure ——__} Parerally Immersed vorttca) plane y= mph 2 dmb Fo PB a? _ Fay tp Immersed Varetea) plane — _ Yo mob —___ —eoP(a-b |r 5 A) Resulted Dota Tavle = ice Tole 13. Resulted Data = LE Depth of | Hyprostaeic theoritical Jepth | Experimental Test no. | Mass | Immersion | Force 04 Conger of | depbh OF Center Seema eee ge Pressure of Pressure (iy) | _(m) (N) (m) (m) =a |_ 0.059 [+338 7 Ou1$) 0.109 aH 2 0.0 | 1402 | _ng 0.202 &43 | 0.079 | 2.296 | 04174 0.969 Sra 0,99) 3.046 0170 0°22) = Sea 0,104 3.973 -- | OLS om di ae 0.104 3.973 CUS on | __|3317 am | 440s | ony 0,922 i 037 | GAO} O60 | 0-169 Ae) oa | 3.207 | | ony |Hyelostatie Fowe i) ac00 aoa 7000 6.0m g 5 8 aca 2008 e000 Hydrostatic Force vs Depth of Immersion Page 6 yer 70.570 2.0789 Wed yrdereee wee agz @ Partially Submerged Poly {Partially Submerged) + Lines Bully Stenergedl aoa ane aoa an o.2 ou aig ols Depth of immersion Im} © Faby Submerged Power (Partial Submerged] near [Fully Subme get]Depthol cemerol trenum em ote 47 | aim alg aia aus aim Theoretical Depth of Center of Pressure vs Depth of Immersion Page? yo-0.03300- 02 Wad | | ve GS5Ge 0576-02075 WOR aa one a oss on on aia ais a8 Depth of immersion im) © Partigty Submerged @ Fully Subrerged------- Linear (Partial Submerged) Poly (Fully Submerged)Deptn ot cemarot Pressure aay tm aam 020 420 ais 10 asm aco Experimental Depth of Center of Pressure vs Depth of Immersion Page 8. = y sO O1g9e 17 i wesa9919 032 bet | SCENE | . oa oss 05 a8 oa az aia as aug Depth of immersion tm} oo Pome (Partsly Sufmmerged) -—--— Pawer fFuly Submerged © Patsy Sememe? © Fuly Sereed~e185 asa Theoretical vs Experiemental Center of Pressure Page 9 175 Teor tal Gener of Pressure (rng E aus " ye 651% +6 1706 Reams? ass | ace asco 200 0. Experimental Center of Pressure Im}Mass (ke) Mass vs Depth of Immersion Page 10 i ye OF96SIn(x) 1.2118 Rn 0.9499 4 a1 * a1 oar ot Depth of Immersion (m}n 1s Repo ——___ = From the calculation CTable’) And graph before, we can mle a Conclusion; 2) Conment.09 tee Variations og hydrostatic force with dopl, of Immersion 2 From graph 44, Hydrostubic Force ys Depth of Immersion, obigines a curve with fonrvia Y= 367-86 u*, R72) for_Parbinly Submerged and y= 73,575-U ~ 3.6786, fot Fully Submergé), - This 9r%ph, shows thet the Pressure and hydrostatic force is directly Proportiona) __fo the dopth of immersion (d). The higher the water Aewel, the gremer the pressure ond Hydrostatic foe Obtaines at the bottom oF LE moter. We Can see the elation Shp ‘between Pressure, Hylrastatic force, and depth 4am the eayntion below; | Fe BoA ‘jwhere 15° Pos Agid So FS Pe xd ~ DP FRd, b) Comment On the FelatiOnsh? Letweon the depth Of the center of Pressure And the depth of Immersion. endo ae 2 The Melationspip beeween theoritical dopth of the conter of pressvle an thedepth ©} immerson is shown In 9TrPh Ind. where its obtain a cure wi Jorma > -0+389344 40,2, R° = 1 for Partially Svbmerpad ond 216556 3 ~0.5%68u 402075 ,R*-0.9%0, for filly submerged » —__This graph sovis thot Rach increrse in winter Level (cept of Immersion) he height af the depth a the center of Pressure wid decrente, or tHe depth OF Immersion \¢ Inversely Proportom) to the depth of the Center OF pressufe, ——__ But I Shovld_ be oncerlined thnt when Partially Submergel, the Center © Plessype decreases Consistently. while ab-the time fully Submerged there 15 a decfease in the Center} Pressure, but mere Curve. (MAI), —_¥ We can see the relation Shiy between Centar of Pressure And dopth of Immersion ~—___!5 shown_as_€gmtion ‘elbw ; (Depo) Ce Comer of Pes alnays dectenas | because the Valve is comes tran tle hehe, [OF the ApParnbus Peducea by te dept © Fully Submerged Ot erson shat bas eon Prultilid by tat, b-2) | A oedHicien, _ - a i. e. 1 2 A 2d gad + Deornsing op partiny Submerged 1s constant ST becnuse its a Linear etvatior, Whereas = 2 LB aly site is a Gamitic eguace”, —_ = —12, ©) For beth Iypostobie foree and theoretical dopth oF center oF presore Ploted vs depth of Imrersyan, Comment on that laprers When the vertiatl end gate of undone Lecomey fully Submerged | D Hycrostatic Force _ = Aer 1eachinn_fumerged condition, hyrosttic farce becomes Constant with a fly — df site Increase in Coepficents, This happens bacavse the ae, of the verticn) enijore |e does not change as St does In prrtinl Submaryed, So thik tue pressore and force that Worls ach Increase in water Level has the Same inéenal Coonstant) Fs Pea A 7A im Aly Subronet s not change because the hemht is “D'/enazoce height. ___A_ in Parcinly submerges is change because the hewynt 8°" /doeth oF tmmerse., D Theorecrenl depth oF conter of Se Apr Tenchiny_ fun ered condition, heorebtaa! depth Of Gonder MESUE ben tyeg ot constant (the interval Of Centar cepeh 15 getting narrower), than the Previows One, who erferienae) A Constant decrense, In this analysis , Inertia in conteray ( ole.) eee fis tn unchanged value lecnuse 16 15 not asdected by the charge Of depth mrersion Cd), $0 1 Inortia (Ix)_15 only agincted by he Oorge of depth of contro to the Water Level, _ iets (a =D _,50 thie the Jepeh of Conter preswte Qets 9 Irma) decrease eee _ han when Partly sypmeiyed . the AiscrerancRs betueen and the eafermerta) One treoretical Tesvits for the Center of pressure! “Theoretical | Earennertal From te. able besies be lent that the ,-thearetica) depth of _| Derth (rr) | Dereh Cm) Center. pressure basa Siniflont Change tat aluays decreases pane | 181 | 0.10) | every Increnso in mgs (Y~M), Bub, at the Line oF eXporrment, | 9478 | 01202 | i was Seen tak te depth of Cnter pressure increased — _ | 0.174 | 0.289 | and ceereased, whereas when Viewed rom ofber laberavories cose, 9179 | ©1221 | The results of Theortvcal and Exper mental ore Not have rach ditderences O.N65 | 9:739 | fom each otver, IT IS Nor KNOWN YET "the cause op eh Result. if | 0-165 | 235 | sees noe condoce enfermane diretty. na 0.164 | 01222 | However, thcan he Mypotbesizel that the dai Obtamal | Q-t60 | 169 | between mass and dopey of mrmersion {% maccurote and _ —[eus7 | on47 | does tot match each otmer,