1s: 9137- 1978

( Reaffirmed 1993 )

Indian Standard ( Reaffirmed 1997 )

CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR

CENTRIFUGAL, MIXED FLO’VVAND
AXIAL PUMPS-CLASS C
( Fifth Reprint JUNE 1997 )

UDC 621.67 : 620.16 : 006.76

0 Copyright 1980
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

Gr 11 Rebruav 1980
 18 : 9137 - 1978

Indian Standard
CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR
CENTRIFUGAL, MIXED FLOW AND
AXIAL PUMPS --CLASS C
Pumps Sectional Committee, EDC 35

Ch!2il%7ll Representing
SHRIK. lLL-I3AYI blather and Platt Ltd, Bombay
nlrnlbers
SHl'.IX. 1~. DAS~LZTA to
( Alternate
Shri 1;. hlubayi )
SHRI K. C:. Ac.mwva~ Ministry of Shipping and Transport
DR S. Ba~asers~x*~ Southern Indian Engineering Manufacturers Association, Coimbatore
SI~RI V. P. \'ESUGOPAL ( Alternate)
SHRI S. BAL.\~RISIISB~ Tata Chemicals Limited, Mithapur
SHRI B. T. DEVA~ATIIAN ( Alternate )
CHIEF ELECI.I:I(.U~ESGINEER Ministry uf Railways
SENIOR E~rc~nrca~ EXGINEER ( M ) ( Altcrnn~e )
SliRI T. D. C;!:r-z Water Supply and Sewage Disposal Undertaking, New Delhi
&RI Y. D. >\Irs~a ( Alkrnak )
SHRI A. S. DASDEhAI< Mechanical Engineers Association (I ). Bombay
SHRI 5. L. ABHYANEAR ( Alternate )
SHRI M. DIUCMIP.~NDIAN Department of Industries, Government of Tamil Nadu, Madras
GESEXAL SUPCKIXTENDENT Public Works, Workshops and Stores, Government of Tamil xadu,
hIadras
SIIRI C~VI~RDHAS S. GIDWANI Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals, New Delhi
SHRI S. C. KAP~R (Alternate )
SHRI S. N. Hcssarx Best & Co Pvt Ltd, Madras
SHRI K. R. RANCANATHAN (Alternate)
DRK.R.ILAxGO Neyveli Lignite~corporation Ltd, Neyveli
SHRI P. \‘AIDYAXATHAN (Alternutc)
SHRIP.K.JOHX Bharat ~Heavy Electricals Ltd, Tiruchchirappalli
SHRI B.KAPOOR Johnston Pumps India Ltd, Calcutta
SHRIJ. P. ROY (Alternate)
LT-COL G. L. ~k4SWANI Ministry of Defence (R & D)
LT-COL S. K. SISHA (Alternate)
SIIRI B. P. AIITTAL Indian Pumps Manufacturers Association, Calcufta; and Flowmore
Pvt Ltd, New Delhi
SHRIP. M. NAI~c Government of Maharashtra, Bombay
SHRI ,4. E. KABRA (Alternate)
SHKIJ. S. NEGI Jyoti Limited, Vadodara
SHRI R. K. SRIVASTAVA (Alternate)
SHRI V. R. PH~T.~K K. S. B. Pumps Ltd, Bombay
SHRI U. S. P~<.~sau Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Bombay
SHIZI K. SASRARASARAYANAN Directorate General of Technical Development, New Delhi
SHRI T. K. BI~~SEAK VER~IA ( Alternafe )
SIIRI K. SAT~YAXARAYANA Kirloskar Brothers Ltd, Kirloskarvadi
SECRETARY Central Board of Irrigation and Power, New Delhi
DEPL.TY S~cnm.4~~ (.illternate)
SHRI R. X.T.~ruox Government of Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow
Smr J. I'.Gnma (A&mate)
SHRI A. S. VE'I\I., Bharat Pumps & Compressors Ltd, New Delhi
1Yo1rrrsM.\NA(:L.zII Vak Engineering Pvl Ltrl, hladras
SHRI S. Crr.\~-r,ic.~Si:lciiaRAN, Director General, BlS ( Ex-o&cio Member )
Deputy Dirl:ct<,r ( Mech Engg )

Secretary
Sr~rtrS. C. KAT,RA
Deputy Director ( Mech Engg ), BIS
( Continued-on page 2 )

@ Cot?yright 1980
BUREAU OF 1NDIAN STANDARDS
ThiT publication is protected under the Indzan Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957) and reproduction in whole or in
part by any means except with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of
copyright under the said Act.
IS t 9137 - 1978

( frompaSa1)
Conlinned

Horizontal Spindle Pumps Subcommittee, EDC 35 : 2

Convener Representing
SHRI P. S. NAZABE Kirloskar Brothers Ltd, Kirloskarvadi

SHRI K. C. BKOTRA ( Alternate to

Shri P. S. Nazare)
DR S. BALAERI~HNAN Southern India Engineering Manufacturers Association, Coimbatore
SHRI V. P. VENUQOPAL ( Alternale )
SHRI V. DEVIIAJ P. S. G. & Sons Charity Industrial Institute, Coimbatore
SHBI ,P. R. DHA~XODARAN Dhandayuthapani Foundry Private Limited, Coimbatore
SHRI R. RANQANATHAN ( Alternate)
SHRI G. T. GURUSHAHNI Su Motors Pvt Ltd, Bombay
SHRI A. K. WADHAWAN ( Alternate)
SHRI Y. D. MISHRA Delhi Joint~Water and Sewage Board, New Delhi
SHRI B. P. MITTAL Flowmore Pvt Ltd, New Delhi
SHRI M. P. GUPTA ( Alternate)
SERI K. MUBAYI Mather and Platt Ltd, Bombay
SHRI A. K. DAS~UPTA ( Alternate)
SHRI J. S. NEQI Jyoti Limited, Vadodara
SHRI R . K. SRIVASTAVA ( Alternate)
SERI S. C. PATEL Calama Industries Pvt Ltd, Bombay
SRRI V. R. PATHAK K. S. B. Pumps Ltd, Bombay
SERI K; SANKARANARAYANAN Directorate General of Technical Development, New Delhi
SHRI C. M. SHAH Tata Chemicals Limited, Okhamandal

2
 IS : 9137 - 1978

CONTENTS

PAGE

1. SCOPE 4
2. SYMBOLS 4

3. DEFINITIO~VS 6
4. GUARANTEES AND PURPOSE OF THE TESTS 8
5. ORGANIZATION OF TESTS 9
6. PROCEDURE FOR MEASUREMENY OF RATE OF FLOW, HEAC, 13
SPEED OF ROTATION AND POWER INPUT

7. CAVITATION TESTING 20
8. TESTS ON PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OTHER THAN CLEAN COLD 22
WATER

9. ANALYSIS OF TESTS 24
APPENDIX A GUARANTEESFOR MASS-PRODUCEDPUMPS 26
APPENDIX fi EFFECT OF PRE-SWIRL INDUCED BY THE PUMP 26
APPENDIX C FRICTION LOSSES 27
APPENDIX D COSTSAND REPETITION OF TESTS 30,
APPENDIX E CONVERSION TO SX UNITS 31
APPENDIX F CHECK LIST 32 .a
APPENDIX G PUMP TEST SI~EET 32 .

3
IS : 9137 - 1978

Indian Standard
CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR
CENTRIFUGAL, MIXED FLOW AND
AXIAL PUMPS- CLASS C

0. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the conditions of rhe final site installation, and
Indian Standards institution on 18 December procedures are described for carrying out
1978, after the dra<t finalized by the Pumps ‘ standard tests ’ on certain types of instal-
Sectional Committee had been~approved by the lations of l;hich an overall performance is
Mechanical Engineering Division Council. required.

0.2 This standard is one of a series of Indian 0.5 The conditions in which the pumps are
Standards dealing with the acceptance tests for finally installed, however, often do not permit
centrifugal, mixed fiow and axial pumps. reliable test measurements, and recommenda-
These standards would correspond to three tions are made concerning the procedure to be
classes of tests A, B and C; the use of Class A adopted where the layout precludes tests in
and B is restricted to special cases when there conformity with the standards, or where the
is a need to have the pump performance more tests cover the pump and~the plant ancillary to
precisely defined. The Class A is the most the pump itself.
accurate whereas the Class C is the least accu-
0.6 This standard is based on IS0 2548-1973
rate. It should be borne in mind that Class A
and B test require more accurate apparatus
‘ Centrifugal, mixed flow and axial pumps -
Code for acceptance tests - Class C ’ issued by
and methods which increases the cost of such
the International Organization for Standardi-
tests.
zation ( IS0 ,
0.3 The standard arrangements and procedures
described are those to be employed for testing 0.7 For the purpose of deciding whether a
without reference to its particular requirement of this standard is
a pump individually,
final installation conditions or the effect upon it complied with, the final value, observed or
of any associated fittings, these being the usual calculated, expressing the result of a test, shall
conditions in which a pump is tested at the be rounded off in accordance with IS : 2-1960*.
The number of significant places retained in
manufacturer’s works.
the rounded off value should be the same as
0.4 Pump performance may be affected hy that of the specified value in this standard.

1. SCOPE tested with clean, cold water and other liquids

behaving as clean, cold water.
1.1 This standard lays dolvn procedures for
acceptance testing of pumps. It defines the 1.3 This standard does not cover the structu-
terms and quantities that are used and estab- ral details of the pumps and the mechanical
lished the methods of testing and the \va);s of properties of their components.
measuring the qua.ntities involved according to 2. SYMBOLS
Class C so as to ascertain the performance 01
the pump and to compare them with the 2.1 List of Symbols Used in the Test Code-
manufacturer’s guarantee. As given in l‘able 1.

1.2 This standard applies to any size of pump

4
 IS : 9137- 1978

TABLE 1 SYMBOLS
( Clause 2.1 )

REFERENCE
QUANTITY SYxnoL DI~~~NSIONS$ SI UNITS
NIMBER *

Mass m M kg
Length L m
Time T
Temperature e 0s:
Area L2 rns
Volume Ls ms
Angular velocity T-1 rad/s
Velocity LT-1 m/s
Acceleration of free fall LT-2 m/s2
Speed of rotation T-1 s-1
Density ML-3 kg/m3
Pressure ML-IT-3 N/m27
Viscosity (dynamic viscosity ) I” ML-IT-1 N-s/m2
Kinematic viscosity V LsT-1 msjs
Energy MLaT-s
E 3
Power ( general term ) P ML~T-3 W
Reynolds number Re Pure number
Diameter D L m
3.2.1.1 Mass rate of flow MT-1 kg/s
3.2.1.2 Volume rate of flow ;: ( L3T-1 ms/s
3.2.3.2 Distance to reference plane z L m
3.2.3.6 Inlet total head HI L m
3.2.3.7 Outlet total head H2 L m
3.2.3.8 Pump total head H L
3.2.3.9 Specific energy r LsT-2 Jk!
3.2.3.10 Loss of head at inlet HJ~ L m
3.2.3.11 , Loss of head at inlet HJZ L m
3.2.3.12 Net positive suction head ( NP8H ) II L
Atmospheric pressure (absolute ) pll ML-IT-2 N,Z?Y
Vapour pressure ( absolute) P” ML-IT-2 N/m21
3.2.4.1 Pump power output P” MLzT-a W
3.2.4.2 Pump power input P MLsT-s W
3.2.4.3 Motor power input Per MLaT-s W
3.2.5.1 Pump efficiency ? Pure number
3.2.5.2 Transmission efficiency r)iat Pure number
3.2.5.3 Motor efficiency rlmot Pure number
3.2.5.4 Overall efficiency %?r Pure number
3.2.6 Type number x I Pure number
5.7.6 Friction factor h Pure number

*Where no number is given, reference may be made to various parts of IS : 1890-1961.

tM = Mass, L = Length, T = Time, 0 = Temperature.
ZAn optional symbol for mass rate of flow is qm.
§An optional symbol for volume rate of flow is qv.
/IAn optional symbol for net positive suction head is HH.
l;Also called Pascal (symbol Pa ).
 IS : 9137 - 1978

2.2 Alphabetical Lists of Basic Letters and of IS : 1890* and to supplement these dehm-
Subscripts - As given in Tables 2 and 3. tions by some specific information on their
use in this test code.
TABLE 2 LETTERS USED AS SYMBOLS
- g = acceleration of free fall ( seeNote ).
NOTE - For Class C test, the value of g is assu-
SYMBOL QUANTITY SI UNITS med to be 9.81 m/ss.
-- - n = speed of rotation. The quotient of the
A Area m2 number of rotations by the time.
D Diameter
p = density. The quotient of mass by volume.
E Energy
Acceleration of free fal
7
m/s2
I”i Head m
P = pressure. The quotient of force by area.
Unless otherwise specified, all pressures
H.l Losses in terms of head m
of liquid are gauge pressures, that is, measured
K Type number Pure number with respect to the atmospheric pressure.
1 Length m
m Mass FL= viscosity ( dynamic viscosity, sometimes
kg
Speed of rotation s-1 called absolute viscosity ). It is defined
( N&I ) Net positive suction m by the expression:
head
Pressure N/n12 7=$-
! Power W h
Mass rate of flow kels
6 Volume rate of flow G/S where
Re Reynolds number Pure number
u,-, = the velocity of a flat plate
t Time S
u Velocity m/s moving in its own plane while
Volume ms keeping parallel to a fixed flat
r” Specific energy J/kg wall;
t Distance to reference m
plane h = the distance from the flat plate
Efficiency Pure number to the fixed flat wall;
;3 Temperature “C
v Dynamic viscosity N.s/mz 7 = the friction force of the fluid on
V Kinematic viscosity msjs the area unit of the flat plate
P Density kg/m3 during its motion.
0 Angular velocity rad/s
A Friction factor Pure number NOTE-~ should be small enough to obtain
laminar flow of the fluid between the flat plate and
the fixed flat wall.
Y = kinematic viscosity. The quotient of the
viscosity ( dynamic viscosity ) by the
TABLE 3 LETTERS AND FIGURES USED AS
SUBSCRIPTS density.
1
y = .t4
SUBSCRIPT MEAXINQ P
P = power. The quotient of the energy trans-
1 Inlet
ferred during a time interval by the
2 Outlet duration of this interval.
a Available RG = Reynolds number. It is defined by the
t, Atmospheric
G Guaranteed expression:
gr Unit ( overall )
int Intermediate Re = !.!?
V
hf Manometric
mot Motor
P Pump 3.2 Definitions Peculiar to the Test Code-
R equired This clause gives the definitions of concepts
; Eye used in this test code, together with the asso-
sP Specified* ciated symbols, if any have been allocated.
t Total
II Useful Concepts, even though in current use, which
” Vapour (pressure ) are not strictly necessary to the application of
this code are not here defined.
*This indication applies to the values of quantities 3.2.1 Flow Rates
.relating to the guarantee point.
3.2.1.1 q --In this test code, the mass rate
3. DEFINITIONS of flow designates the external mass rate of flow
3.1 General Definitions - In order to avoid of the pump, that is, the rate of flow dischar-
any error of interpretation it has seemed pre- ged into the pipe from the outlet branch of the
ferable to reproduce here the definitions of pump.
quantities and units as given in various parts *Recommendations for quantities and units.

6
 IS : 9137 - 1978

~TOTE - Losses or abstractions inherent to the Its value is:

pump, that is,.
a) positive if this pressure is greater than
a) discharge necessary for hydraulic balancing
of axial thrust, the atmospheric pressure:
b) cooling of bearings of the pump itself, b1 negative if this pressure is less than the
c) water seal to the packing, atmospheric pressure.
d) leakage from the fittings, internal leakage, 3.2.3.4 Dynamic head - The kinetic energy
etc,
per unit weight of the liquid in movement. It
are not to be reckoned in the quantity delivered.
is expressed by:
On the contrary, if they are taken at a point before
the flow measuring section, all derived quantities V2
used for other purposes, such as:
i&f
e} cooling of the motor bearings,
where v is the mean velocity of the liquid in
f) cooling of a gear box ( bearings, oil cooler ),
etc, the section considered.
should be added to the measured rate of flow. 3.2.3.5 Total head - In any section, the
3.2.1.2 Q-The outlet volume rate of total head is given by:
flow has the following value:
Z$-pFJg +g
Q=$
This is related to atmosphere. The absolute
In this test code, this symbol may also desig- total head in any section is given by:
nate the volume rate of flow in a given
section*; it is the quotient of the mass rate of
flow in this section by the density. (The
section may be designated by the proposed 3.2.3.6 Inlet totol head ( H, ) - The tota
subscripts. ) head in the inlet section of the pump:
3.2.2 Velocity of Flow ( v ) -The mean
velocity of flow equal to the volume rate of
flow divided by the pipe cross-section*:
3.2.3.7 Outlet total hrad ( Hz ) - The total
U==--F
Q head in the outlet section of the pump:
A
3.2.3 Head - The energy per unit weight
of fluid.
3.2.3.8 Pump total head ( H ) -The algeb--
3.2.3.1 Reference plane - The horizontal
raic difference between the outlet total head,
plane through the centre of the circle descri-
and the inlet total head:
bed by the external point of the entrance
edges of the im_peller blades; in the case of H = H, - HI
double inlet pumps the plane should be taken = ~2 _ ~1 + p2 -PI + vt2- v12
through the higher ccntre.
FCC 2.2
The manufacturer should indicate the If the compressibility of the pumped liquid is
position of this plane with respect to precise significant, p may be replaced by the mean
reference points on the pump. value:
3.2.3.2 ; designates the difference between 6 + F2
~the level of the horizontal plane under consi- Fm=2-

deration and the level of the reference plane.

Its value is: 3.2.3.9 S’eci’c energy ( Y ) - The energy
per unit mass of liquid. It is given by the
a) positive, if the plane in question is above
equation:
the reference plane;
Y=gH
b) negative, if the plane in question is
below the reference plane. 3.2.3.10 Loss of total head at inlet ( HJ1 ) -
The difference between the total head of the
3.2.3.3 Gazrge pressure (p ) - The effective liquid at the measuring point, or possibly of
pressure, relative to atmospheric pressure.
the liquid without velocity in the suction
The head corresponding to this pressure is:
chamber, and the total head of the liquid in
b the inlet section of the pump.
M
3.2.3.11 Loss oftotal head on delivery (HJ,)-
*Attention is <!I-awn to the fact that in this case Q The difference between the total head of the
may vary for different reasons across the circuit. liquid in the outlet section of the pump, and

7
IS:9137 -1978

the total head of the liquid at the measuring 3.2.5.2 Transmission g$iciency ( u;int ) ( shaf-
point. ting, coupling, gears, etc ):
3.2.3.12 &t positive suction head (JlfpsIi) - Pump power input
Gauge reading in metres taken on the suction Vnt = Power at motor shaft
nozzle referred to the pump centre line, minus
3.2.5.3 Motor ejiciency ( qm,,t )
the vapour pressure in metres corresponding
to the temperature of the liquid plus the Power at motor shaft
velocity head at this point. rmot =
Motor power input
NPSH as well as inlet total head, is 3.2.5.4 Overall @ciency ( .qgr )
referred to the reference plane.
Tgr = ? vlint Vmot
It is necessary to make a distinction bet- = Pump power output
ween: Motor power input
a) the ( NPSH ) required at given flow and
3.2.6 Ty@e .hkmber K - The type number, a
speed of rotation for a given pump; it is
dimensionless quantity, is defined by the follo-
specified by the manufacturer. This is
wing formula*:
a function of pump design and varies
2 7r n Q1/2
from one design to another. For a IC = o3’s--
cavitation free performance of a pump,
it is necessary that available NPSH be NOTE- Attention is drawn to the fact that
higher than the required NPSH. The in this Standard, the type number is based on the
total head of a multistate pump, and not on the
available NPSH represents the difference head per stage, and that >t applies to the guaranteed
between the existing absolute suction flow rate, Mhich is not in conformity with the
ahead and the vapour pressure at the common practice where K is calculated for the flow
prevailing temperature. The required rate corresponding to the maximum efficiency.

NPSH represents the minimum required 4. GUARANTEES AND PURPOSE OF THE

margin between the suction head and TESTS
the vapour pressure at a given capacity.
4.1 Guarantees
b) the ( NPSH ) available for the same flow
which is inferred from the installation. 4.1.1 Subjects of Guarantees - It shall be
This is a function of a system compris- agreed in the contract which values are
ing of suction head or lift, friction head, guaranteed by the manufacturer and under
and the vapour pressure of the liquid what conditions.
being handled. By the physical altering One or more of the following quantities
of the installation, it is possible to are usually guaranteed:
control first two parameters of NPSH.
But the vapour pressure of the liquid a) Outlet rate of flow of pump;
and this is always not feasible. b) Total head of pump;

c) the test ( NPSH ) - See 7.1.1. cl Power input or efficiency of pump or

combined motor-pump unit ( for
Subscripts may be used to differentiate these example submersible pump or monoset
quantities [ for example ( NPSH )r when the pump; or separate pump and motor
required value is concerned and ( NPSH )a with overall efficiency guaranteed ); and
when available value is concerned 1. d) ( NPSH ).
3.2.4 Power Whichever of these quantities is guaran-
teed, it is necessary to specify the speed of
3.2.4.1 Pum@ @ower output ( P, ) - The rotation ( or in some cases the electrical supply
power transferred to the liquid at its passage frequency and voltage for the motor-pump unit)
through the pump: and the chemical and physical properties of
P, = qgH = qY the liquid to be pumped ( if other than clean
cold water ).
3.2.4.2 Pump power input ( P ) --The
power measured at the pump coupling. In this test code the guarantees only refer
to the pump including the test arrangements as
3.2.4.3 Mofor power input ( P,, ) - The given in 5.7. In particular, the guarantees do
power absorbed by the pump driver. not apply to:
3.2.5 E@ciency a) the test of the pipe and its fittings, such
as valves, etc;
3.2.5.1 Pump @ciency ( q)
*This formula is the same as the basic formula
PU Pump power output
K = ,,1,,
?=P= Pump power input - J3/4
 IS : 9137 - 1978

b) the general installation in situ; also is to be guaranteed, it shall be specified

if these parts do not belong to the test in the contract whether ( NPSH ) is to be
arrangements according to 5.7. tested or nor. Attention is drawn to the fact
that a test of ( NPSH ) increase the costs of
~The pump manufacturer is responsible
the tests. ( See also Appendix D. )
neither for the determination of the pump
guarantee point, nor for the arrangement of the M7here a number of identical pumps are
pump, nor for the installation in situ, the sole to be purchased, the number of pumps to be
exception being when he has undertaken these tested shall be agreed between the purchaser
tasks as part of the order. and manufacturer.

4.1.2 Extent of Guarantees - The guarantee 4.2.2 Range of Performance Test - The per-
of the flow rate covers the flow rate at the formance test of the pump shall beg carried
agreed total head and speed of rotation, within out to determine the performance of the
the permissible tolerances above and below pump. with respect of the discharged rate of
as given by 9.-4.1. flow, total head, power absorbed, etc.
The guarantee of the head covers the pump A check of’ the satisfactory running of the
total head (H) at the agreed flow rate and speed pump may be made from the point of view
of rotation, within the permissible tolerances of cavitation, temperature of glands and bear-
above and below as given by 9.4.1. ings, axial thrust, and possible air or water
The guarantee of the efficiency covers the leakage, provided the hydraulic test is carried
minimum value of efficiency at the guaranteed out the specified speed of rotation.
point QH within the permissible tolerances as NOTE- It is also possible to observe the
amount of noise and vibration.
given by 9.4.2.
If the flow rate values and the efficiency 4.2.3 Liquid Used in Testing - The liquid
stated are not guaranteed but are indicated used in testing shall be clean cold water in
on the basis of prior tests or are given in accordance with the recommendations of 8,
printed curves ( for .mass produced pumps ) unless otherwise specified in the contract.
. ( see Appendix A ).
For a combined motor-pump unit ( for 5. ORGANIZATION OF TESTS
example submersible pump or monobloc pump; 5.1 Place of Testing - Acceptance tests
or separate pump and motor with overall shall be carried out either at the manufactu-
efficiency guaranteed ) the guarantee covers rer?s works, or alternatively at a place to be
efficiency of the entire unit, mutually agreed between the manufacturer
4.1.3 Implementation of Guarantees and the purchaser.
4.1.3.1 Flow rate and total head values - The 5.2 Time of Testing - The time of testing
guarantee for flow rate aI;ld total head is ful- shall be mutually agreed by the manufacturer
filled if, at the agreed speed of rotation, the and the purchaser.
value of the equation given in 9.4.1 is greater
When tests are not carried out in the
than or equal to 1.
manufacturer’s works, time should be allowed
4.1.3.2 Eficiency - The efficiency guaran- for preliminary adjustments by both the
tee is fulfilled if, at the agreed speed of manufacturer and the installer.
rotation, the conditions given in 9.4.2 have
been achieved or exceeded. 5.3 Test Validity - It should be ascertained
that conditions permit tests to be made in
4.1.3.3 &t positive suction head ( NPSH )-
accordance with the provisions of this code.
When a test of ( NPSH ) is specrfied in the
contract, the guarantees as defined in 4.1.3.1 5.4 Staff - Accurate measurements depend
and 4.1.3.2 shall be achieved under those not only on the quality of the measuring
conditions of ( NPSH ) that are specified. instruments used but also on the ability and
This does not necessarily ensure absence of skill of the persons operating and reading the
cavitation ( see 7 ). measuring devices during the tests. The staff
4.1.3.4 Motor speed of Totation - If the entrusted with effecting the measurements
driving motor is being supplied by the pump must be selected just as carefully as the instru-
manufacturer, the speed of rotation named ments to be used in the test.
in 4.1.2 and 4.1.3 can be replaced by the Specialists with adequate experience in mea-
frequency and the voltage. suring operations in general shall be charged
with operating and reading complicated mea-
4.2 Purpose of the Tests
suring apparatus. Reading simple measuring
4.2.1 Co;itractual Object of the Tests - The devices may be entrusted to such helpers who-
tests are intended to ascertain the perfor- upon short prior instruction - can be assumed
mance of the pump and to compare this with to effect the readings with proper care and the
the manufacturer’s guarantee. When ( NPSH ) accuracy required.

:
I S : 9137 - 1978

A chief of tests shall be appointed, possessing and for type numbers greater than 1.5 it is
-adequate experience in measuring operations. more meaningful to reproduce site conditions
Normally, when the test is carried out at the than it is to use a standard test arrangement.
manufacturer’s works, the chief of tests is a For such non-standard conditions an agree-
staff member of the manufacturing firm. ment shall be reached in the contract ( see
Appendix B ).
All persons charged with effecting the mea-
surements are subordinated during the tests to 5.7.1.1 Inlet pressure tappings - In general,
the chief of tests, who conducts and supervises the pressure tapping shall be placed in a section
the measurements, reports on test conditions of equal diameter to, and concentric with, the
and the results of the tests and then drafts the inlet branch of the pump. It should under
test report, All questions arising in connection normal conditions be located two diameters
with the measurements and their execution are upstream from the pump inlet flange. More-
subject to his decision. over it shall never be placed:
Th e parties concerned shall provide all in a diverging section, or within four
assistance that the chief of tests considers
a)
diameters of straight pipe downstream
necessary. from the divergence;
5.5 Test Programme -Only the guaran- b) within the plane of a bend, either in the
teed operational data shall form the basis of bend itself or within four diameters of
the test; other data determined by measure- straight pipe downstream from the bend.
ment during the tests shall have merely an It may, however, be agreed to site a
indicative ( informative) function and it shall pressure tapping in this region at right
be so stated if they are included in the angles to the plane of the bend; and
programme. C) within four diameters of straight pipe
following a sudden contraction, or other
5.6 Testing Apparatus -When the measur- discontinuity of cross-sectional area.
ing procedure is being decided on, the measur-
ing and recording apparatus required shall be When interpretation of readings in non-
specified at the same time. standard conditions is being negotiated,
consideration shall be given to:
The chief of tests shall be responsible for
checking the correct installation of these a) whether the value of inlet head itself is
apparatuses and their perfect functioning. important ( for example, for NPSH
tests ); and
All of the measuring apparatus shall be
b) the ratio of inlet velocity head to the,
covered by reports showing by calibration or
pump total head.
by comparison that it complies with the
requirements of 5.12. These reports shall be If this ratio is very small ( less than 0.5% )
presented if required. and the value of inlet head itself is not impor-
tant, readings from a tapping in the pump inlet
5.7 Test Arrangements flange may be used in the inlet total head
equation given in 3.2.3.6 ( for ratio >0.5%:
5.7.1 Standard Test Arrangements - Ideally, 2 D upstream ).
the flow thro~rp;h the inlet head measuring
section should be such that: 5.7.1.2 Outlet pressure tappings - Under
normal conditions the outlet pressure tapping
a) the velocity is uniform, and axial, across should be located two diameters downstream
the section; and from the pump outlet flange.
b) the static pressure across the section is For the pumps of type number equal to or
uniform. less than 0.5, the outlet pressure tapping may
be located directly at the pump outlet, provided
These are the conditions for the standard
it is at right angles to the plane of the volute
test arrangement, but they are impossible to
or any other bend formed by the pump casing.
achieve completely, and it is impracticable to
check them for the class of test covered by For the pumps of type number greater than
this standard. 0.5, the straight parallel pipe shall be coaxial
with the outlet pipe of the pump and have the
However. significant maldistribution and
same bore. The tapping shall be located in the
swirl can be avoided by keeping bends and
pipe wall in a plane through the pipe axis at
combinations of bends, and divergences and
right angles to the plane of the volute or other
discontinuities of cross-sectional area, from the
bend formed by the pump casing.
proximity of the measuring section. In
general, the importance of inlet flow condi- 5.7.2 Pumps Tested with Fittings -If speci-
tions increases with the pump type number, fied in the contract, standard tests shall be
 IS : 9137 - 1978

carried out on a combination of a pump and where

a) associated fittings at the final site insta-
Re = $- ( pure number )
llation; or
b) an exact reproduction thereof; or k
-= ~~$~i~~~~’ ( pure number )
C) fittings introduced for testing purposes D
and taken as forming part of the pump
Appendix C gives guidance on how to check
itself ( see for examples 5.7.3, 5.7.4,
whether a correction needs to be made, and
etc).
on how to calculate the correction if necessary.
Connections on the inlet and outlet sides of If the pipe is other than unobstructed, straight,
the whole combination shall be made in and of constant circular cross section, the
accordance with 5.7.J. correction to be applied must be the subject of
special agreement in the contract.
IVIeasurements shall then be taken in accor-
dance with 5.11.2 and 5.11.3. 5.8 Speed of Rotation During Test
(see 4.2.2 ) -The difference between the speci-
5.7.3 Pumping Installation Under Submerged fied speed of rotation and the test speed of rota-
Conditions-LVhere a pump,or a combination of
a pump and its fittings, is tested or installed in tion may be allowed as follows
( n ;;., )
conditions where the standard pipe connection,
on either inlet or outlet as described in 5.7.1, 5.8.1 For flow rate and head: + 20%
cannot be made owing to inaccessibility or - 50%
submergence, measurements shall be taken in
accordance with 6.2.2.3 and 6.2.3.3. 5.8.2 For efficiency: f 20%

5.7.4 Borehole and De#Vell Pumps - Bore- For a combined motor-pump unit,the motor
hole and deep-well pumps cannot usually be efficiency change between specified and test
tested with their complete lengths of delivery speeds, shall be established at the time of
main and, consequently, the loss of head in the agreeing the contract. The lower speeds are
also acceptable. The formula for efficiency
portions omitted, and the power absorbed by
correction shall be as specified in 13.10.4 of
any shafting therein, cannot be measured.
IS : 5120-1977”
Any thrust bearing would also be more lightly
loaded during the test than it would be in the 5.8.3 For ( .NPSH) Tests - f 20% p&i-.
final installation ( see 6.2.4.4 ), ded that the pump flow rate during the test
5.7.5 Self-Priming Atmbs - In principle the lies within 50% and 120% of the flow rate
corresponding to maximum efficiency.
priming ability of self-priming pumps shall
always be verified at the contractual static SOTE- For tests conforming to the require-
suction head with the attached inlet piping ments of 7.1.1.1, the above-mentioned variation may
alwavs be allowed; for tests conforming to the
equivalent to that in the final installation.
requirements of 7.1.1.2, it may be allowed for
When the test cannot be carried out in the pumps with type numbers less than or equal to 2.
described manner, the test arrangement to be For pumps with type numbers greater than 2.
used shall be specified in the contract. agreement shall be reached between the parties
concerned.
5.7.6 Friction Losses at Inlet and Outlet - The
guarantees under 4.1 refer to the pump inlet 5.9 Control of Head - The test conditions
and outlet flanges, and the pressure measuring may be obtained, among other methods, by
points are in general at a distance from these throttling in either or both the inlet and outlet
flanges ( 5.7.1 to 5.7.5 ). It may be necessary pipes. When throttling in the inlet pipe is
to add to the measured pump total head the used, due consideration shall be given to the
head losses due to friction ( HJr and HJS ) possibility of cavitation or of air coming out of
between the measuring points and the pump the water, which might affect the operation of
flanges. the pump (see 7.1.2), the flow measuring
device ( see 6.1.3 - 4th paragraph ) or both.
Such a correction should be applied only if
H,, + HJa > 0.000 5 H 5.16 Execution of Tests - The duration of
the test shall be sufficient to obtain consistent
If the pipe between the measuring points
results, having regard to the degree of accuracy
and the flanges is unobstructed, straight, and
to be achieved.
of constant circular cross section,
Where multiple readings are taken to reduce
the error margin (see 5.11 ), they shall be
taken at equal intervals of time.
The value of A should be derived from

1
2’51 k
&. = - 2 log10 -I----- *Technical requirements for rotodynamic specia!
-zp 3.7 D purpose pumps (first revision).

11
IS : 9137 - 1978

Where, for special reasons, it is necessary to nificantly affect the accuracy of the readings,
determine performance over a range of opera- the tests shall be repeated using a symmetrical
ting conditions, a sufficient number of damping device, for example a symmetrical
observations shall be taken to establish the orifice or capillary tube.
performance within the limits of error stated
TABLE 4 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE AMPLITUDE
in 5.11. OF OSCILLATIONS AS A PERCENTAGE OF
MEAN VALUE OF QUANTITY
All measurements shall be made under
BEING MEASURED
steady conditions ot’ operation as defined in --
5.11. If steady conditions are not achievable;
&,AXIMCiU I’ICRJIleSIELE
agreement shall be made between the parties MEASURED QUANTITY
AIUPLITUDE OF OSCILLATIONS
concerned on the matter.

If the driving power available during a test Rate of flow

on a testing stand is insufficient, and if -the test Head
Torque
has to be carried out at greatly reduced speed
Power
of rotation, the guaranteed characteristics can
be adjusted to such reduced speed of rotation in
accordance with 5.8.1, 5.8.2, 5.8.3, 9.2.1 or Speed of rotation *2
9.2.2, respectively. I

To verify the guarantee point, three NOTE 1 -Where a 6% change in flow would
result in a calculated 120/;, change in head, the
measurements shall be recorded, one as close as
maximum permissible amplitude of the observed
possible to the guarantee point, and one closely differential head shall be f 12%.
on each side ofit. NOTE 2 -In the case of inlet total pressure
head and outlet total pressure head measurement,
The test records shall be kept with two the permissible percentage osciliation shall be
copies ( one for the purchaser and one for the calculated on-the pump total head.
manufacturer ); all test records and recording
strips shall be initialled by the chief of tests 5.11.3 Amber of Sets of Observations
and the representatives of both parties.
5.11.3.1 Steady conditions - In steady and
The evaluation of the test results shall be well controlled test conditions, only one set
made as far as possible while the tests are in of readings of individual quantities shall be
progress and, in any case, before the installation recorded for the specified test condition. This
and instrumentation are dismantled in order set shall be recorded only after the observers
that suspect measurements can be repeated have been satisfied that the oscillations and
without delay ( see also Appendix D ). variations of the readings have settled down
within the limits specified in Tables 4 and 5.
5.11 Test Conditions - See atso Appendices
5.11.3.2 Unsteady conditions - In such cases
E and F.
where the unsteadiness of test conditions gives
5.11.1 Dejnitians - For the purpose of this rise to doubts concerning the accuracy of the
standard the following definitions shall apply: tests, the following procedure shall~be followed:
Repeated sets of observations of the measu-
Oscillations - Short oscillation cycles about
red quantities shall be made at the guarantee
a mean value occurring during the time that
point, only speed and temperature being
a single observation is being made.
allowed to be controlled. Throttle valve water
Variations - Those changes in value kvhich level, gland, balance water, settings, etc, shall
take place between one reading and the next. be left completely unaltered. The differences
between these repeated readings of the same
5.11.2 Permissible Oscillations in Readings and
quantities will be a measure of the unsteadiness
Use of Damping - Where the construction or
of the test conditions, which are atleast partly
operation of a pump is such that oscillations of
influenced by the pump under test as well as
great amplitude are present, measurements
the installation.
may be carried out by means of an instrument
capable of providing an integration over at A minimum of three sets of observations
least one complete cycle of oscillation. The shall be taken at the guarantee point, and the
calibration of such an instrument shall comply value of each separate measurement and of the
with the provisions of the appropriate clauses. efficiency derived from the measurements in
each set shall be recorded. The percentage diffe-
Restricted damping may be introduced in rence betweent the largest and smallest values
measuring instruments and their connecting of each quantity shall not be greater than that
lines where necessary to reduce the amplitude given in Table 5. It will be noted that a lvider
of oscillations to within the values given in tolerance is permitted if the number of read-
Table 4. ings is increased up to the maximum require-
Where it is possible that damping will sig- ment of nine readings,

12
 IS : 9137 - 1978

These tolerances are designed to ensure that or comparison has been demonstrated to be
the errors due to scatter, taken together with capable of measuring with systematic errors
the sy-stematic error limits given in Table 6, not exceeding the limits in Table 6 may be
will result in overall measurement errors not used. The devices or methods shall be agreed
greater shan those given in Table 7. upon by both oarties concerned.

TABLE 5 LIMITS OF VARIATION BETWEEN TABLE 6 PERMISSIBLE SYSTEMATIC ERRORS

REPEATED MEASUREMENTS OF THE SAME OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
QUANTITY (BASEKFT;5% CONFIDENCE
( Clause 5.11.3.2 )
(Clalrses 5.11.3.1 and 5.11.3.2) PER~~I~SIBLE Lrnr~~,
- MEASUKED QUANTITY
MAXIXUM PERMISSIBLE %
NunIBEIl OF SETS
OF OBSERVATIONS DIFFZRENCE BETWEEN LAR-
Rate of Row
CEST AND SWALLRST READ-
Pump total head * 2.5
INQS OF Eacrr QUANTITY
Pump power input
%
Electrical power input
Rate of flow Speed of ( for overall efficiency tests ) f 2.0
Head Rotation Motor efficiency
Torque
Power
Efficiency ! Speed of rotation i - * 1.4

3 1.8 1.0
5 3.5 2.0 If the recommendations concerning the
7 4.5 2.7 systematic errors of instruments as given in
9
-L
5.8 3.3 I Table 6, and those concerning the actual test
procedure, are followed, it should be assumed
The arithmetic mean of all the readings for that the overall limits of error will not exceed
each quantity shall be taken as the actual value those given below.
for the purposes of the test.
TABLE 7 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE LIMITS
If the values given in Table 5 cannot be OF OVERALL ERRORS
reached, the cause shall be ascertained, the ( Clause 5.11.3.2 )
conditions rectified and a new complete set of _.
observations made, i.e. all the readings in the QUANTITY
PERMISSIBLE LIMIT,
original set shall be rejected. No reading or % I
selection of readings in the set of observations Rate of flow
may be rejected because it lies outside the Pump total head
limits. Pump power input
Electrical power input
In the case where the excessive variation is (for overall efficiency tests )
not due to procedure or instrumentation errors,
Speed of rotation
land cannot therefore be eliminated, the limits
of error may be calculated by statistical Overall efficiency ( computed
analysis. from the rate of flow, total f 4.5
head and electrical power )
5.12 Accuracy of Measurement - The
limits of measurement errors laid down in this Pump efficiency f 5.0
standard are those which refer to measure-
ments taken and to quantities calculated
therefrom; they apply to the maximum per- 6. PROCEDURE FOR MEASUREMENT
missible discrepancies between measured and OF RATE OF FLOW, HEAD, SPEED OF
actual performances ( see 9.4 ). ROTATION AND POWER INPUT
For the purpose of this standard, an “error” 6.0 The following methods, among others,,
is defined as a value equal to twice the estima- may be used.
ted standard deviation. It is assumed that
there is a 95% probability that the estimated 6.1 Measurement of Flow Rate
value of the true error will not exceed twice 6.1.1 Weighing Tank Method - This method
the estimated standard deviation.
is capable only of measuring the mean value
This test code specifies the standard methods of the flow rate during the period concerned.
of measurement and instruments to be used for
It is subject to the errors of the weighing,
the determination of rate of flow, inlet total
of the time-measuring apparatus employed, of
head, outlet total head, pump total head, speed
the time taken for the diversion of the flow
of rotation and pump power input.
into and from the weighing tank and those
Any device or method which by calibration involved in the determination of density.

13
IS : 9137-1978

NOTE - In the case where two tanks are used usually be detected by operating the air vents
alternately during the measuring period, the flow on the measuring device.
being diverted from one to the other, only the times
of initial diversion into and final diversion from the Manometers used for differential pressure
measuring system shall be taken into account, not measurement shall be of the liquid column
the times of the intermediate diversions from tank
type and shall meet the requirements of 6.2.6.
to tank.

6.1.2 Volumetric Tank Method - This 6.1.4 .Notches, Weifs and Flumes -Recommen-
method, as in the case of the weighing method, dations for the construction and installation of
is only capable of measuring the mean value notches, weirs and flumes are given in
of the flow rate during the-period concerned. IS : 1193-1959*, to which reference should be
made.
In every case a leakage test of the tank shall
be carried out and correction made for leakage For the purposes of this standard the
if necessary; where possible, -initial calibration smallest scale division of any instrument used
shall be carried out by weighing a liquid of for observing head shall be not greater than
known density into the measuring tank. Out- that corresponding to 1.5% of the flow.
door taks shall be adequately sheltered so that
the level and the level-measuring devices are
6.2 Measurement of Head
not disturbed by wind or rain. 6.2.1 Pressure TapPings and Instrument Connect-
In the case of big outdoor tanks the method ing Lines - Static pressure tappings shall
is in general subject to errors in measurement comply with the requirements sho\vn in Fig. 1
of levels which are not stationary and which and be free from burrs and irregularities and
may be non-uniform. In such a~case the levels flush with, and normal to, the inner wall of the
shall be simultaneously measured within stilling pipe.
tubes, at not fewer than four widely separated The diameter of the pressure tappings shall
positions within the tank. be between 2 and 6 mm or equal to l/l0 of the
Water levels may be measured with hook pipe diameter, whichever is less. The length
gauges, float gauges, piezometer or eother of a pressure tapping hole shall be not less
instruments capable of maintaining the required than twice its diameter.
accuracy. The bore of the pipe containing the tapp-
ings shall be clean, smooth and resistant to
6.1.3 Orijice Plates, Vanturi Tubes and Notzles-
chemical reaction with the liquid being
The measurement of flow rate may be carried
pumped. Any coating such as paint applied
out using devices designed and installed in
to the bore shall be intact. If‘ the pipe is
accordance with IS : 2952 ( Part I )-1964* for
welded longitudinally, the tapping hole shall
orifice plates and nozzles and IS : 4477 ( Part I )-
be displaced as far as possible from the weld.
1967? for venturi tubes. Minimum straight
lengths required upstream from the pressure Pipes connecting pressure tappings to
difference device, especially, are given in possible damping ~devices ( see 5.11.2 ) and to
IS : 2952 ( Part I )-1964” in the case of orifice nstruments shall be atleast equal in bore to
plates and nozzles, and in IS : 4477 ( Part I )- the bore of the pressure tappings. ‘Ihe system
1967? in the case of venturi tubes. shall be free from leaks.
For the purpose of this standard the pump It is recommended that transparent tubing
will be considered to cause a i-low disturbance be used so as to allow determination of the
equivalent to a single 90” bend lying in the amount of water or air in the tubing.
same plane as the pump volute or the last
stage of a multistage pump or the outlet bend 6.2.2 Inlet Total Head
of the pump.
6.2.2.1 Installation in accordance with
The characteristics of these devices are 5.7.1.1 - These installations and the corres-
calculated using above Indian Standards and ponding formulae are given in Fig. 2 and 3.
the calibration is not required.
6.2.2.2 Installation in accordance with 5.7.2
Care shall be taken to ensure that neither
-Where a pump is tested in combination
cavitation nor air is present in the flow-measur-
with fittings forming part of the site or test
ing devices. Special care shall be taken to
installation: the provisions of 6.2.2.1 shall be
ensure that the indications of the device are
applied to the inlet flange of the fittings and
not affected by air coming out of solution at
not to the inlet flange of the pump.
the control valve, The presence of air can
This procedure debits against the pump all
--- head losses caused by fittings on the inlet side.
*Recommendations for methods of fluid flow by
means of orifice plate and nozzles: Part I Incompressi-
ble fluids.
tMethod of measurement of fluid flow by means of *Methods of measurement of flow of water in open
venturimeters: Part I Liquids. channels using notches.4 weirs and flumes.

14
 IS : 9137- 1978

1 P 2d where d = 2 to 6 mm or l/IO pipe diameter whichever value is the less.

FIG. 1 REQUIREMENTSFOR STATIC HEAD TAPPINGS

L rlrt UIA
(SEE 5.7.1.

2 PIPE DIAMETE
(SEE 5.7.1.1)

AIR

PLANE

+Zl t AZ,.,
On the figure:
‘OSSIBLE RESIDUE OF
Zl.2<0
=4arn LIQUID P,
Z%%>O

a) The pump inlet is under vacuum

FlPE DIAMETERS 2
HI= zl.l + T 21.2 + %
,SEE 5.7.1.1 1 2g
On the figure:
z1.1<0
z,.‘J>o

POSITION OF - TUBE CONTAINING

MANOMETRIC LIQUID

1.i.‘. TUBE CONTAINING

PUMPED LIQUID

= TUBE CONlAlNlNG AIR

.

b) The pump inlet is under pressure

The drawings show the principle but no full technical details.
FIG. 2 TEST OF A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP BY MEANS oI; LIQUID COLUMN GAUGES

15
LS : 9137 - 1978

REFERENCE

a) Arrangement for determining reference Plane of Bourdon type gauge

2 PIPE DIAMETERS -
(SEE 5.7.1.21

REFERENCE

On the figure:

//

. I
On the figure:
POSITION OF
Pl >o
z1 >O

b) The pump inlet is under vacuum

PRESSURE
\ -ADING p,
On the figure:
p1 >o
21 >o

3 PIPF

AIR

e) The pump inlet is under pressure

The drawings show the principle but no full technical details.

FIG. 3 TEST OF A CEXTRIFUGAL PUMP BY MEANS OF BOURDON GAUGES

16
 IS : 9137- 1978

6.2.2.3 Instullations in accordance with 5.7.3 friction losses, such as mentioned in 5.7.6 -.
and 5.7.4 - Tile inlet total head is equal to and 6.2.4.1, shall be taken into account.
the positional head with respect to the refe-
6.2.4.3 Submersible pumps - If the outlet
rence plane of the still surface of the liquid in
flange of this type of pump is, for practical
lvhicll the pump is tested or from which it
purposes, defined as placed at a certain
draws, plus the pressure head equivalent to
distance from the pump proper, and is thus
the gauge pressure on that surface. preceded by an outlet pipe length and a bend
This assumption debits against the pump or bends being always parts of the installation,
all head losses caused by fittings on the inlet the measurement of outlet head shall be made
side. in accordance with 5.7.2.

6.2.3 Outlet Total Head 6.2.4.4 Deep-well jumps - In this case,

friction losses between the pressure measuring
6.2.3.1 Installations in accordance with points and the inlet or outlet flanges, respecti-
5.7.1.2 -These installations and the corres- vely, that may have to be taken intoaccount,
ponding formulae are given in Fig. 2 and 3. shall be determined in accordance with the
method given in 5.7.6 and Appendix C.
6.2.3.2 Installations in accordance with 5.7.2
Friction losses on suction are primarily caused
- Where a pump is tested in combination
by resistance to flo~v within the inlet strainer,
with fittings t’orming part of the site or test
the foot valve, and the inlet pipe. All of these
installation, the provisions of 6.2.3.1 shall be
head losses shall as far as possible be indicated
applied to the outlet flange of the fittings and
at the time the contract is made by the pump
not to the outlet flange of the pump. manufacturer if he supplies such accessories,
This procedure debits against the pump all or by the purchaser if they are fitted by the
head losses caused by fittings on the outlet latter. Should it prove impossible to submit
side. such data lhe purchaser and the manufacturer,
prior to the acceptance test, shall arrive at an
6.2.3.3 Installations in accordance with 5.7.3 agreement concerning the flow resistance data
and 5.7.4 - These installations and the corres- to be applied.
ponding formulae are given in Fig. 4. Friction losses at outlet result from resis-
However, if the pump discharges into a sump tance to flow within the column-pipe and the
with a free surface, the outlet total head is outlet bend.
equal to the positional head of the still surface Since deep-well pumps in general are not
of the liquid into which the pump delivers, tested with the entire stand pipe attached,
plus the gauge pressure head. unless the acceptance test is performed at site,
the pipe friction losses in regard to the pump
This assumption debits against the pump
total head shall be estimated and stated by the
all head losses caused by fittings on the outlet
manufacturer to his purchaser.
side.
Shou!d it be considered necessary to verify
6.2.4 Total Inlet and Outlet Heads - Special the data indicated by an acceptance test at
Cases - It will prove necessary to permit site, such a test shall be specified in the supply
exceptions from the above-mentioned standard contract.
arrangements in the following cases. For tests on installations conforming to the
requirements of 5.7.2, 5.7.3 and 5.7.4, the
6.2.4.1 PUV$S conforming to the Jinal site
guarantees also apply to fittings.
installation - During the acceptance test, the
pump shall be fitted with the pipe arrange- 6.2.5 Pump Total Head - The pump total
ments corresponding to the final ~arrangement head is calculated in accordance with the
at site. In this case the friction losses between definition given in 3.2.3.8. However, in certain
the test point for measuring the inlet pressure cases the pump total head may be measured
and the inlet flange, as well as between the using one differential pressure device.
outlet flange and the test point for measuring
the outlet presure, shall be determined in This type of installation and the correspond-
accordance with the method mentioned in5.7.6 ing formulae are given in Fig. 5.
and added to the sum of the differences of When this is deemed preferable, the pump
positional head, of pressure head and of total head may be replaced by an expression
velocity head. giving the increase in specific -energy- of the
6.2.4.2 Pun@ with inaccessible ends - If fluid conveyed by the pump ( y=gH, see
the inlet or outlet or both sides of the pump 3.2.3.9 ).
are inaccessible, the procedure prescribed The (‘ specific energy ” increase is obtained
above shall be followed in measuring the by multiplying both sides of the pump total
pump’s head. Under certain circumstances, head equation given above by g.

17
IS : 9137 - 1978 .

H2 = _k + z2 +v22
lag
H = 2 + ~1.~ :‘g
PRESSURE PRESSURE

IL REFERENCE PLANE

(b) (a)

The drawings show the principle but no full technical details.

FIG. 4 ME.UX_J~EMENT 0~ PUMP TOTAL HEAD H FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF SUBMERGED PUMPS

6.2.6 hstrzrments for Pressure Measwement The design of the manometers shall be such
that parallax errors are minimized.
6.2.6.1 Liquid colwnn manometers - h-0
Water column manometers may be either
calibration is required.
open ended ( for low pressure measurement
The minimum distance between two scale only ) or closed Ii-it11 the air in the column
graduations shall be 1 mm. connecting both limbs compressed to the
amount required to permit the differential
If possible, the use of differential liquid head to be rrad on the scale.
columns less than 50 mm high shall be avoided.
If this is impossible, attention shall be specially The use of the liquid column manometer is
drawn to errors of measurement. shown diagrammatically in Figures 2 and 5,
to which reference should be made.
The length of the liquid column may be
modified by using one manometric liquid in
place of another. Connections bettween the pipes where
pressure is measured and the manometer shall
For reading below 100 mm of liquid, the be made as sho\vn diagrammatically in
bore of manometer tubes shall be 6 mm at Fig. 2.
least for mercury and 10 mm for water and
other liquids. It is essential that there is no break in
continuit) ( for example, by air pockets
The cleanliness of the liquid in the mano- through failure to vent properly ) of the water
meter s!lall be maintained to avoid errors due between the pipe and the reading surfa.ce in
to variation of surface tension. the manometer.

18
 IS : 9137 - 1978

frequency and motor slip data either directly

measured ( for example, using a stroboscope 1
or supplied by the motor manufacturer.

bvhere the speed of rotation cannot be’

directly measured (for example, for immersed
pumps), it is usually sufficient to establish the
frequency and voltage,

6.4 Measurement of Pump Power Input -

The pump power input shah be derived from
measurement of the speed of rotation and
torque, or determined from measurements of
the electrical power input to an electric motor
Of Itrio\Vn elficiency, directly coupled to the
pump.

6.4.1 iIIeczwrm?mt of Torpe - Torque shall

be measured by a suitable dynamometer,
capable of cornpI!-ing \vith the requirements
of 5.11.

6.4.2 E/ccf~ic T’L:L’CT,~lrnszil.~,ne~:ls

- tv!JCJ-t
the electrical po\Yer input to an electric motor
coupled directly to the pump is 11sed as a
means of dctel nrinirlg the pun113 ilo\i’er input,
r!le f’oilol~;ing conditions shall be ol:ser~ed:
a) T!I~ motor sha11 be cpcrn!ed r;:;ly ;,I
conditions Iv!;ere the efficiency is I;ilo~\-n
Ivith sufficient accuracy,
1~) ;\2otor efhcicncy shall be determined in
accordance \vith the recommendations
ofTS : 4E89-1968”.

The electric poxver input to the (iriving

motor shall be measured by the t\vo-lvnttmeter
method in the case of ac motors. This
allo\vs the use of two singie-elemen: lsatt-
meters, or one dcwble-element cysttmeter or
one single-element Ivattnietcr and suitable
switches.

In the case of a dc motor, either a

wattmeter or an amperemeter and a voltmeter
may be used.

The type and grade of accuracy of the

indicatin,g instruments for measuring electrical
polver shall be in accordance with IS : 12f8-
1968?_.
6.2.6.2 1~owdon dial gauges - \Vhen this
type ofgaujic is used for inletand outlet pressure LV1~ex-ethe power input to an electric motor
measurements, to ascertain pump total head, coupled to an intermediate gear, or the speed
it is recommended that the difference between of rotation and torque measured by a dynamo-
tvvo consecuti\Te scale graduations be lvithin 1.5 meter between gear and motor, are used as a
and 3 mm for both measurements: and that means for determining the guaranteed pump
this difference corresponds to not more than porver input, it shall be statedi 11 the contract
576 of the pump total head. in Jvhat way the losses of the gear ~hdl be

determined.
6.3 Measurement of the Speed of Rota-
tion - The speed of rotation shall be measu-
red by counting revolutions for a measured
*hIethods of drtermination of rffxcirncy of rotatin?
interval of time, by a direct-indicating techo- electrical machines.
meter or, in the case of a pump driven by an j?+ecification for direct acting electrical indicating
ac motor, from observations of the mean instruments (jrrt wuiSi0n ).

19
IS : 9137- 1978

6.4.3 Pumps with Inaccessible Ends - In the be assumed to be free of he effects of cavita-
case of combined motor-pump units ( for tion if another test at a higher ( NPSH ) gives
example submersible pump or monobloc pump; the same total head at tie same rate of flow.
or separate pump and motor with overall
7.1.1.2 A safety mr,rgin to be agreed in
efficiency guaranteed ), the power of the
the contract shall be added to the ( NPSH )
machine unit shall be measured at the motor
which causes a drop of ( 3 + x^):A in total
terminals if accessible. When a submersible
head or efhciency at a given rate of flow, or in
pump is involved, the measurement shall be
rate of flow or efficiency at a given total head.
effected at the incoming end of the cables;
From this test the behaviour of the pump at
cable losses shall be taken into account and
various departures from the specified ( NPSH )
specified in the contract. The efficiency given
may be judged.
shall be that of the combined unit proper,
excluding the cable and the starter losses. The value of x will be:
6.4.4 Deep-tire11 Pumps -- In this case the K
x=-
power absorbed by the thrust bearing and the 2
vertical shafting and bearings shall be taken
into account. The resulting ( NPSH ) shall be equal to
or less than the required ( NPSH ).
Since deep-well pumps in general are not
tested with the entire stand pipe attached, \Vhen negotiating the safety margin,
unless the acceptance test is performed at site, account shall be taken of the type of pumps, of
the thrust and vertical shaft bearing losses in the number of stages, of the physical properties
regard to power and efficiency shall be of the liquid to be pumped and of materials
estimated and stated by the manufacturer to of construction and the operating conditions
his purchaser. to be expected.

6.5 Measurement of Pumping Unit Effi- 7.1.2 Methods of Varying the (NPSH) -
ciency - To determine the efficiency of a The following methods may be used:
pumping unit, only the power input and out-
put are measured, with the driver working 7.1.2.1 The pump is installed in a closed
under conditions specified in the contract. In pipe loop (see Fig. 6 ) in which the pressure
this test, the proportion of losses between level or, by an alteration of temperatures, the
driving agent and pump is not established, nor vapour pressure may be varied without chang-.
any losses associated with intermediate machi- ing the pump head or rate of flow until
nery such as gear box or variable speed cavitation occurs in the pump.
device. Cavitation in outlet and inlet regulating
valves may make this test more difficult and
7. CAVITATION TESTIN% special valves may be required.

7.1 General -When the contract specifies a Arrangements for cooling or heating the
(NPSH), a test may be conducted to verify liquid in the loop may be needed in order to
that the ( NPSH ) required by the pump is maintain the required temperature, and a gas
equal to or less than the specified ( NPSH ). separation tank may also be required. The
tank shall be of sufficient size and so designed
In no case shall the cavitation tests be used as to prevent the entrainment of gas in the
to check that the pump will be free from pump inlet flow.
cavitation erosion during its service life.
De-aeration of water used for a cavitation
7.1.1 Test Types - There are two distinct test is necessary if the pump is to be used in
possible types of cavitation test: practice with de-aerated water.

a) A check may be made simply to show

that the pump is sufficiently free of Stilling screens may be needed if t> 0.25
cavitation at the specified duty and m/s, where A is the cross-sectional area of
( NPSH ). This type of test is described the tank.
in 7.1.1.1; and
7.1.2.2 The pump draws liquid through
b) In the other type, cavitation perform- an unobstructed suction pipe from a sump
ance is explored more fully by reducing in which the level of the free liquid surface
( NPSH ) until measurable effects are may be adjusted ( see Fig. 7 ).
noted. This type of test is described
in 7.1.1.2. 7.1.2.3 The pressure of the liquid enter-
ing the pump is adjusted by means of a throttle
7.1.1.1 A test at the specified flow rate valve installed in the inlet pipe at the lowest
and ( NPSH ). The pump characteristic can practical level (see Fig. 8 ).

20
 IS : 9137 - 1978

TO VACUUM OR
PRESSURE CONTROL

AY NOZZLE FOR
AERATING WATER

THE SETTLING TANK 5 .L x

NOT BE NEEDED ii’ AiR
CONTENT OF WATER IS
FLOWMETER CONTROLLABLE

COOLING PUMP UNDER TEST MAY BE PUT IN

HEATING SYPHON IF (NPSH) -z W IS NEEDED

Pump under test may be put in syphon if ( NPSH ) < W is needed.

NOTE - Cooling by means of a coil may be replaced by an injection of cool water above the liquid free surface
&d an’ extraction of heated water.
The drawing shows the principle but no full technical details.

FIG. 6 CAVITATIONTESTS - VARIATION OF ( NPSH ) BY MEANS OF A CLOSEDLOOP

( see FIG. 1, 2 AND 3)

TO THROTTLE

FLOWMETER

WATER LEVEL

-t-
-q_-
-l---

-1--
----

The drawing shows the principle but no full techni- The drawing shows the principle but no full techni-
cal details. cal details.

FIG. 7 CAVITATION TESTS-VARIATION OF FIG. 8 CAVITATIONTESTS-VARIATION OF

(NPSH) BY CONTROLOF LIQUID LEVEL AT (NPSH) BY MEANS OF A THROTTLEVALVE AT
INLET (see FIG. 1 AND 2) INLET (see FIG. 1 AND 2)

21
 ISr9137-1978

Cavitation in the flow through a throttle The vapour pressure of the test liquid en-
valve can sometimes be prevented by~using two tering the pump shall be determined with suffi-
or more throttle devices connected in series or cient accuracy to comply with 7.3. When the
by arranging for the throttle valve to discharge vapour pressure is derived from standard data
directly into a closed vessel or a large diameter and the measurement of the temperature of
pipe interposed between the throttle and the the liquid entering the pump, the necessary
pump inlet. Baffles and a means for extracting accuracy of temperature measurement may
air from such a vessel may Abe needed, espe- have to be demonstrated.
cially when the ( NPSH ) is low.
The active element of a temperature-
When the throttle valve is to be partially measuring probe shall be not less than l/8 of
. closed and it is situated at a distance less than the inlet pipe diameter from thewell of the inlet
12 inlet diameters from the pump inlet flange, pipe. If the immersion of the temperature-
it is necessary to make sure that the pipe is measuring element in the inlet flow is less than.
~full of liquid at the position of the inlet that required by the instrument manufacturer,
pressure tappings. then a calibration at that immersion depth.
may be required.
7.2 Determination of (NPSH) Required by
the Pump - Tests described in 7.1.1.2 can Care shall be taken to ensure the tempcra-
be conducted by any of the methods indicated ture measuring probes inserted into the pump
in Fig. 6 to 8. However, test as per Fig. 8 is inlet pipe do not influence the measurements
more practicable and is recommended for of inlet pressure.
normal commercial testing of industrial 8. TESTS ON PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS
pumps. By this method the measured value of OTHER THAN CLEAN COLD WATER
NPSH required by the pump is generally
higher than what would be expected under The performance of a pump may vary subs-
simulated conditions ( see also Fig. 9 ). tantially with the nature of the liquid being
pumped. Although it is not possible to give
7.3 Limits of Error in Determination of general rules whereby performance with clean
Specified (NPSH) - The maximum limits of cold water can be used to predict performance
error concerning specified ( NPSH ) measure- with another liquid, it is often desirable for
ments shall be: the parties to agree on empirical rules to suit
a) 5.3% of the measured ( NPSH ), or the particular circumstances and test the pump
with’ clean cold water.
b) 0.2 m,
8.1 Characteristics of ‘Clean Cold Water’-
whichever is the greater, provided that the
The characteristics of the water corresponding
measurements are made with a liquid column
manometer. to what is called in this standard ‘ clean cold
water ’ shall be within the limits indicated in
The case of tests with liquids at high tem- Table 8.
perature or near their critical points should be
The total dissolved and free gas content
studied with special care in the contract.
of the water shall not exceed the saturation
7.4 Measurement of Pump Head, Outlet volume corresponding,
Flow Rate, Speed of Rotation, Power Irput a) for an open circuit, to the pressure and
(if necessary) and Vapour Pressure - temperature in the pump sump; and
The requirements of 6 regarding the b) for a closed loop, to those existing in the-
measurement of head, outlet rate of flow, tank.
speed of rotation and power input shall also
apply during cavitation tests. If the test con- TABLE 8 SPECIFICATION OF ‘ CLEAN
ditions are so unsteady as to require repeated COLD WATER ’
readings, variations of specified ( NPSH ) are
permitted up to a maximum of: CHARACTERISTIC UNIT hfax

a) I.5 times the values given for head in

Table 5, or Temperature “C 40
b) 0.2 m, Viscosity ma/s 1.75 x -106

whichever is the greater, Mass density k/m3 1 100

Particular care is needed to ensure that in Non-absorbent free solid kg/m3 2.5
content
the flow measurement cavitation does not
affect the accuracy of the flowmeter. It is also Dissolved solid content kg/m3 50
necessary to take care to avoid the ingress of
air through joints and glands.
 IS : 9137 - 1978

8.2 Characteristics of Liquids for which If the deviations in speed of rotation from
Clean, Cold Water Tests are Acceptable - the specified speed of rotation Q, do not ex-
Pumps for liquids other than clean cold wdter ceed the permissible variations stated in 5.8, the
may be tested for head, flow rate and efficiency measured data on the discharged flow rate Q,
with clean cold water if the liquid is within the total head H, the power input P, the net
the specification in Table 9. positive suction head NPSH and the
efficiency q, can be translated as follows :
-- --
TABLE 9 CHARACTERISTICS
ACCEPTED
OF LIQUIDS
AS ‘ CLEAN COLD WATER ’
Qsp= Q(T)
- -
’
UNIT Min Manx

--~ _
Viscosity PTO limit 10 x 10-S
( NPSH )sl, = ( NPSH ) 2
hfass density 2 000

h,m-absorl,ent frco %I) = rl

solids content
If the deviations in speed of rotation from
the specified speed of rotation tlsl) exceed the
permissible variations stated in 5.8, it will be
necessary to stipulate the formula for translat-
The total dissolved and free gas content of
ing the test results to the basis of the specified
the liquid shall not exceed the saturation
speed of rotation.
volume corresponding:
a) for an open circuit, to the pressure and In the case of combined motor-pump units
temperature in the pump sump, and or where the guarantees are lvith respect to an
agreed frequency and voltage instead of an
b) for a closed loop, to those existing in the agreed speed ( see 4.1.3.4 ) the flow rate, pump
tank. total head, power input, and efficiency data
are subject to the abovementioned translation
Tests on pumps for liquids other than those
laws, provided that nsp is replaced by the
specified above shall be subject to special
frequency fsr, and 71 by the frequency f. Such
agreement.
translation, however, sha!l be restricted to the
In the absence of a special agreement, cav- cases where the frequency during the accept-
itation tests shall be carried out with clean ance test varies bv no more than 1% from the
cold water. Attention is drawn to the fact that frequency prescribed for the characteristics
the results may be affected by this procedure under guarantee. If the voltage used in the
when the liquid to be pumped is not clean cold acceptance test is no more than 50/, above or
water. below the voltage on which the guaranteed
characteristics are based, the other operational
9. ANALYSIS OF TESTS data require no change.

If the abovementioned tolerances, i. e., l’$

9.1 Test Data Required for the Analysis- for frequency and 50/bfor voltage, are exceeded,
The quantities required to verify the charac- it will be necessary for the purchaser and the
teristics guaranteed by the manufacturer are manufacturer to arrive at an agreement.
given in 4.1.
9.2.2 rests made with (JWPSH) dt&rent from
Methods for measuring these quantities are that Cuczranteed - Pump performance at a high
given in 6. ( NPSH ) cannot be accepted ( after correction
9.2 Translation of the Test Result to the for speed of rotation within the permitted
Guarantee Basis - Such translation serves limits of 5.8.3 ) to indicate the performance at
to determine whether the guarantee would a loI\-er NPSH.
have been fulfilled if the tests had been con-
Pump perfcrmance at a lolv WSH can be
ducted under the same conditions as those on
accepted after correction for speed 01’ rotation
which the guarantee is based.
within the permitted limits of 5.8.3, to indicate
9.2.1 z-ra,lrlnlio?l Of the Ipst &Y&s i?ZfOData the performance at a higher KPSH provided
E!l~c-d 011th S@x”pd Speed of Rotation or Frequ- that the absence of cavitation has been
r/i!l)’ - All test data obtained at the speed of checked in accordance lvith 7.1.1.1.
rotation II, in deviation from the specified
speed of rot3 *i 171 *Tsl,,shall be translated to the 9.3 Measuring Inaccuracies - All measure-
basis of the specified speed of rotation nfiy. ments are inevitably subject to inaccuracies,

24
 1s : 9137 - 1978

even if the measuring procedure and the XQ = 0.07

instruments used, as well as the analysis
XH = 0.04
directives, fully comply with prevailing acce-
ptance rules. Wh en comparing the test results If the guarantee point lies at a vertical dis-
with the guaranteed characteristics, these tance + AH and a horizontal distance -$ A 2
inaccuracies shall be given adequate considera- from the test curve ( see Fig. 10 ), the following
tion. The fact should be stressed that the term shall be evaluated:
c measuring inaccuracies ’ merely covers the
errors that are unavoidable with all measure-
ments, they refer in no way to the pump and
the guaranteed characteristics. The maximum Thus, if the total amount is greater than
permissible limits of overall error for the or equal to 1, the guarantee condition will be
quantities concerned for Class C measurements deemed to have been met, and if the total
are defined in Table 7. amount is less than 1, the guarantee condition
has not been achieved.
9.4 Verification of the Guarantee
9.4.2 Ejjkiency -The efliciency shall be
9.4.1 CwrlesQH and Q_q - Guarantee points
QcHc and Qor,o are plotted on a graph and derived from the measured QH curve where it
a continuous curve is then drawn through the is intersected by the straight line passing
measured points Q.H and another through the through the specified duty point QCHG and the
points Q/Q of which Q. is measured and 8 is zero of the QH axes.
calculated. The efficiency at the point of intersection
If the test is made at a value of speed that shall be atleast 95% of that specified.
isdifferent from that specified as relevent to the
For combined motor-pump units this value
particular guaranteed values, the test points
is 95.50/,.
shall be corrected to the specified speed of
rotation in accordance with 9.2. Similarly, if These values result only from the measur-
the test is made at a value of frequency diffe- ing errors ( see Table 7 ).
rent from that relevant to the particular
9.4.3 Pump Power Injut - The pump power
guaranteed values, the test shall be corrected
input within the range defined in 9.4.1 by the
to the specified frequency.
tolerances f XQ and & XII, shall not exceed
Tolerances f XQ and f Xff respectively that agreed between the manufacturer and
shall be applied to the guaranteed duty point purchaser at the time of contract. This value
QH. These tolerances include the maximum applies to the conditions of use of the pump as
permissible limits of overall error eQ an&H specified in the contract.
( seeTable 7 ) and the constructional tolerance.
Such an agreement may have to take into
In the absence of a specific agreement as to account different transmission losses and
the values to be used, the following values may different gland and seal torques between
be taken: works test and site operation.

H
GUARANTEED DUTY

MEASURED -POINTS

FIG. 10 CURVE QH FOR THE VERIFICATION OF THE GUARANTEE

25
IS : 9137 - 1978

9.5 Test Report - After scrutiny of the test f ) Observed readings;

results, the latter shall be summarized in a
report, vvith as many copies as there are g) Evaluation and analysis of test results;
parties. The test report shall be signed either h) Conclusions:
by the chief of tests alone or by him together
with the representatives of the manufacturer 1) comparison of the test results with
the guarantees,
and the purchaser.
2) determination whether the guaran-
The test report shall contain the following tees covering certain specific areas
information ( see Appendix G ): were completely or only partly
a) Place and date of the acceptance test; fulfilled or not fulfilled at all,
b) hIanufacturer’s name, type of pump, 3) recommendation whether the pump
serial number, and possibly year of can be accepted or should be rejected
construction; and under what conditions,
C) Guaranteed characteristics, operational 4) if the guarantees are not fully satis-
conditions during the acceptance test; fied the final decision whether the
pump can be accepted or not is up
d) Specification of the pump’s drive; to the purchaser,
e) Description of the test procedure and 5) statements arising out of action taken
the measuring apparatus used including in connection with any special agree-
calibration data; ments that were made.

APPENDIX A
(Clause 4.1.2)

GUARANTEES FOR MASS-PRODUCED PUMPS

A-l. Wlten, for mass-produced pumps, the divergent from the values of the published,
manufacturer makes rel’ercnce in his cataloguc curve by more than:
to this test code, the curves published in his -J= 6 :G for total head
catalogue shall be such that any pump corres-
ponding to the curves gives for any chosen f 8 U/0 for rate of flow
operation point, after Class C tests, results not *g “/I for power input

APPENDIX B
( Clause 5.7.1 )

EFFECT OF PRE-SWIRL INDUCED BY THE PUMP

B-l. Errors in the measurement of pump inlet pre-swirl induced by the pump is known to be
head can occur at part capacity due to pre- absent ( for example the sump ). This
swirl. This can be detected and corrected on differential head should follow a quadratic law
the follo\ving basis. with flow; any departure from this law will
show the amount by which an inlet head
B-2. The differential head is measured between measurement must be corrected for the effect
the specified inlet measuring section and of pre-swirl induced by the pump ( see Fig. 11
another position further upstream where the and 12).

26
 IS :9.137 - 1978

GAUGE U$ED FOR Q

Fro. 11 EXAMPLEOF INSTALLATIONWITH PRE-SWIRL

Fro. 12 CORRECTION OF MEASURED INLET HEAD

APPENDIX C
( Clauses 5.7.6 and 6.2,4.4 )

FRICTION -LOSSES

C-1. The formula given in 5.7.6 for calculatmg
head loss due to friction involves a lengthy
calculation, which would lead only in many
cases to the conclusion that a correction need
not to be applied.
02. Figure 13 may be used as a preliminary
check as to whether a calculation need be
made. It applies to straight steel or wrought
iron pipes of constant circular cross section,
handling cold water. Outlet and inlet pipes
are assumed of equal diameter, and measuring
points 2 diameters upstream and downstream
of the inlet and outlet flanges respectively
( 5.7.1 ).
G3. If the pipes are of different diameters,
diameter of the smaller pipe should be used.
Then if “no correction” is indicated, the
calculation need not be made.
C-3.1 If “correction” is indicated, Fig. 14,
which applies only to steel or wrought-iron
pipes handling cold water, may be used to
determine the value of A.
C-4. In cases where pipes are of other material,
or the liquid is not cold water, the graph by
Moody, given in Fig. 15, may be used, or the
formula for X given in 5.7.6 may, if preferred,
be solved. For the pipe roughness k one may
take the values given in Table 10 according
to the “Mechanical Engineers Handbook,
the Edition 1958”.

27
IS:9137-1978

90

50
80

70 100

150

200

250
300

:"o: -
450 E
500 E
625~
760 &

~~~0 P

r
5
NO CORRECTjON REC&tIRED
w
rr
n.

I I I
1 2 -
3 L 5 6 7 8 9 10
VELOCITY (m/s)

FIG. 13 CHART SHOWING VELOCITIES ABOVE WHICH Lots CORRECTIONSARE REQUIRED

28
 IS : 9137 - 1978

0.021

50
0.020

-
t-i
;0.019

2
0 0.018
ii!

g 0.017 100

t,
z 0.016
LL 150

0.015

0.014 250
3w-l
_I
0.013 3!50
Ll

0.012 30

450
n.ncc 0-5

0.010

VELOCITY (m/s)

Surface roughness ( K) = 5.186 x 10-S m

Kinemstic viscosity ( V) = 1.022 x IO-G~I,Z,/S

FIG, 14 FRICTION FACTOR CHART

29
IS : 9137 - 1978
LAMINAR FLOW CRITICAL ZONE

h
0.1
0.09
q.08
mttm+mml 0.05
0.04
0.06
0.03

0.05
0.015
O.OL
0.01
0.006
0.006
0.03
0.004

M 0.000 01

lo3 2 3456 6 104. 2 3456 8 lo5 2 3456 8 lo6 2 3

VD
REYNOL .DS NUMBER Re=
v
FIG. 15 VALUES OF FIIICTION FACTOR h MOODY CHART

TABLE 10 ABSOLUTE ROUGHNESS k FOR PIPES

-
COMBIERCIALPIPE ( NEW ) ABSOLUTE Rouo~~zss k
MATERIAL OF TILE SUNFACE, mm
-
Glass, drawn brass, copper Smooth I
or lead I
Wrought iron, steel 0.05
Asphalted cast iron 0.12
Galvanized iron 0.15
Cast iron 0.25
Concrete 0.3 to 3.0
Riveted steel 1.0 to 10.0
- -

APPENDIX D
( Claclses4.2.1 and 5.10 )

COSTS AND REPETITION OF TESTS

D-0. Matters of a purely commercial nature D-2. REPETITION OF TESTS

such as the cost of rhe tests are not included in
the scope of this standard and should be made D-2.1 In case of doubt as to the correctness or
the subject of special agreements between the adequate accuracy of the measurement data
parties concerned. obtained, both the manufacturer and purchaser
D-l. COSTS OF ACCEPTANCE TESTS are entitled to demand that the test be
AND SPECIAL TESTS repeated. Should the new measurement fail
to justify the doubts expressed, the party
D-l.1 It is recommended that the .costs of
acceptance tests and special tests be clearly demanding the renewed test must assume the
stated in the contract. cost of repetition.
 Is 8 9137* 1978

AiPFENNa-IX E
f czw St.11 )
CONVERSlON TO SI UNITS

E-1. This Appendix gives factors for conversion to SI units of some of the quantities expressed in
multiples or sub-multiples of SI units and in units other than SI units. The, conversion factor is the
number by which the value expressed in various units should be multiplied to find the corresponding
value in SI units.

CONVERSION FACTORS

VARIOUS UNITS
SYMBOL OB SI CONVERSION FACTORS
QUANTITY
UNIT
Name Symbol

Volume rate of ma/s litre per second l/s 10-3

flow cubic metre per hour ms/h l/3 600
litre per hour l/h 1~3 600000
litre per minute I/mm 1j60 000
imperial gallon per minute gal ( UK )/min 0.000 075 77
cubic foot per second ft3/s 0.0283168
gallon ( US ) per minute gal (US)/min 0.000 063 09
barrel ( US ) per hour ( petroleum ) barrel ( US )/h 0.000 044 16

Mass rate of flow ton per second I 103

kg/s
ton per hour t’ii l/3.6
kilogram per hour kg/h l/3 600
pound per second lb/s 0453 592 37
-
Pressure N/ma kilopond per square centimetre kp/cmx
98 066.5
( also known kilogram-force per square centimetre kgf/cmn
as Pascal : Pa ) bar bar
105
hectopieze hpz
torr torr i
) 133.322
conventional millimetre of mercury mmHg J
conventional millimetre of water mmHs0 9.806 65
poundal per square foot pdl/fts I.488 16
standard atmosphere atm 101 325
pound-force per square inch lbf/ina ( psi ) 6 894.76

Density kg/m3 kilogram per’ cubic decimetre kgjdms

103
gram per cubic centimetre g/cm3 >
pound per cubic foot Ib/fts 16.018 5

Power W kilowatt kW 103

kilopond metre per second kp*m/s 9.806 65
I. T. kilocalorie per hour 1.163
cheval vapour+ kca:Et’h 735.5
horse power* hp 745.7
British thermal unit per hour Btu/h 6.293 071
kilogram-force metre per second kgfm /s 9.806 65

Viscosity N.s/ms = kg/m’s decapoise daP 1

( dynamic vis- poise P
cosity ) dyne second per square centimetre dynes/cm2 10-l
I
gram per second centimetre g/s.cm J
kdopond second per square metre kp’s/ma 9.806 65
centipoise CP 10-3
poundal second per square foot pdl.s/fts 1.488 16

Kinematic visco- ma/s stokes St = ems/s 10-a

sity centistokes cst 10-e
squre foot per second f@/s 0%x+2 903 0

*No international symbol exists for this unit; the symbol shown is the most common.

31
IS19137 -1978

APPENDIX F
( Cluuse 5.11 )

CHECK LIST

F-l. The following is a check list of items 6) liquid to be used for acceptance test
where agreement is recommended between ( see 4.2.3 );
manufacturer and purchaser before the test.
It should be noted that it will not always be 7) inlet and transmission losses in vertical
well pumps ( see 6.2.4.4 and 6.4.3 );
necessary to agree upon all these items during
the elaboration of the contract: 8) cable losses ( see 6.4.3 );
1) extent of guarantee:
9) gear losses ( see 6.4.2 );
a) pump without motor ( see 4.1.1 );
10) arrangement for proving priming ability
b) combined pump-motor unit ( see of self-priming pumps ( see 5.7.5 );
4.1.1 );
c) guaranteed
11) time of tests ( see 5.2 );
values [ for example
flow rate, total head, power input, 12) location of tests ( see 5.1 );
ehiciency, ( NPSH ), etc ] ( see 4.1.1, test equipment ( see 5.6 );
4.12, 4.1.3.3, 4.2.1 and 9.4.3 ). 13)
14) test arrangement ( see 5.7.1 and 5.7.2 );
2) method of verification of guaranteed
NPSH ( see 4.2.1 and 7.1.f ); 15) chief of tests when test is not carried
out at manufacturer’s works ( see 5.4 );
3) rotational speed deviations outside per-
missible tolerance ( see 5.8.3 and 9.2.1 );
16) test costs ( see 4.2.1, Appendix D );
4) voltage and frequency deviations outside
permissible tolerance ( see 9.2.1 ); 17) number of pumps to be tested in a
batch of identical pumps (see 4.2.1 ); and
5) method of prediction of pump perfor-
mance from a test using clean cold water 18) any other aspect of pump behaviour to
( see 8 ); be checked during the test.

AP-PENDIX G
( Clause 9.5 )

PUMP TEST SHEET

G-l. The pump test sheet illustrated in this Appendix is given for guidance for presenting pump test
results and to assist in their interpretation. It does not purport to include all the information
required f’rom a pump test and modifications may be necessary depending on the type of pump, its
.
applrcatron, and the mode of calculation.

32
 IS t 9137.1978
PUMP TEST SHEET ( Class C ) 1 Sheet No. I Nature of Test

Customer:

Pump Type
I Maker’s Order Number
I Order No.
I, Diameter
Diameter
of inlet:
of outlet:

Guaranteed
Volume rate of flow ( QQ ) 1 Speed of rotation ( nsP ) -Power input ( Pa )
values
Total head (Ha ) Efficiency ( r,G ) . Net positive suction head ( NPSH )
I
Temperature (t) kinematic viscosity (u)
Pumped liquid
Density (p ) degree of acidity ( PH )

Maker Test certificate Number of phases Voltage

Motor -. -
Type Power Speed of rotation Current

Rate of 1Inlet tt!F’ ( NPSH) Torque Power

Speed of
flow head
___._._.- p--Y-p I rotation I Gear
Method used
_ --- p-
Conrtant (
- I
t
Room temperature Barometric pressure Head correction to 1 Idet
Tect conditions reference plane
Temperature of teat liquid
I I
Results of mea
surement
,
Speed of rotation
..__- ,.__.. ___ --___.._. ----- -.-- - ----.. -
Time interval
Flow rate

. .._. -. ..- -
Outlet head rea

Outlet head

Head

Power ( torque )

Overall efficiency
Pump efficiency
__- .-.. -- ---__-_ : ---_-+___.--$ + .-- ,..___q-. + , +

Volume rate of flow

Values referred tc
specified speed
of rotation
--... -__
( NPSH )

Notes
Representatives

33
Bureau of Indian Standards

BIS is a statutory institution established under the @ram of hdiatt Stattdurds Act, 1986 to promote
harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and
attending to connected matters in the country.

Copyright

BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form
without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of
implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and ~&es, type or grade designations.
Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publication), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indizm Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest nmendmcnt.. or edition by referring to the latest issue
of ‘BIS Handbook’ and ‘Standards Monthly.Additions’.

Amendments Issued Since Puhlic~tion

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

BUREAU-OF IN~DIAh’ STANDARDS

Headquarters:
Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002 Telegrams: Manaksanstha
Telephones: 323 0131,323 33 75,323 94 02 (Common to all offices)
Regional Offices: Telephone

‘Central : Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg 32376 17,3233841

NEW DELHI 110002
Eastern : l/14 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, V.I.P. Road, Maniktola 337 84 99,337 85 61
CALCUlTA 700054 337 86 26,337 9120

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1 60 20 25

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{ 235 15 19,~235 23 15

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MUMBAI 400093 1 832 78 91,832 78 92

Branches : AHMADABAD. BAN&LORE. BHGPAL. BHUBANESHWAR.

COIMBATORE. FARIDABAD. GHAZIABAD. GUWAHATI.
HYDERABAD. JAISUR. KANPUR. LUCKNOW. NAFPUR.
PATNA. Pum. TI-~IRUVANANTHAPURAM.
Pi%&dat SimcoPrintingPress,Delhi, Jndia
 AMENDMENT NO. 1 OCTOBER 1981
TO

IS : 9137- 1978 CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR

CENTRIFUGAL, MIXED FLOW AND AXIAL PUMPS-CLASS C

Corrigendum

[ Page 8, clause 3.2.3.12(b), last sentence ] - Substitute the following for the existing sentence:

‘But the vapour pressure of the liquid cannot the temperature of the liquid and this is
be changed without increasing or decreasing always not feasible.’

Alteration

( Page 11, clause 5.8.2, last sentence ) - Substitute the following for the existing sentence:

‘The following formula for &ciency correction ti - efhciency at specified speed,

shall be applied:
N, - specified speed,
1 - 91 N* *
K-- X; N 1 = actual test speed, and
( >
where n = exponent established by test
data, the value of the exponenr
q1 = efficiency at actual test speed, is O-l-7.’

Addendum

(Page 26, clause 9.5 ) - Add the following new clause after 9.5:

‘9.6 The worked out examples indicating the Fig. 10A ) AH - 2’5 m, AQ= 100
application of the formula gas given in M.1 ms/h
are given below:
Therefore
Eram#e 1:
a) Guaranteed duty of pump:
Capacity 1000 ms/h
Head 50 m
= 0.64 + 0.49
Speed 1480 rpm
Efficiency 80 percent = 1.3

b) Readings corrected to 1 480 rpm Hence, the pump characteristics is

read as follows: within the acceptable limits.

Rdte r~ifkxu Head Power Absorbed Eficiency d) The duty point ( 1000 ms/h, 50 m )
( ms/h ) (m ) ( kW ) Percent is connected to ( 0, 0 ) and the inter-
0 55 - - section of this line with the charac-
teristic curve is determined which
300 54 127.5 34.6 being ( 970 ms/h, 48.5 m). This
600 53’5 146 59.9 duty, considered as the actual pump
909 50 162 75.5 duty has an efficiency of 7i%.
1000 47.5 166 7% e) Permissible lower limit on guaranteed
1200 39 170 75 efficiency (O-95 x 0’8 ) = 0.76, that is,
76%. Smce actual pump efficiency is
c) Characteristic curves @‘is H, QJ’/s 7, 77% this is also within acceptable
QV/S P are drawn from graph (se, limits.

Gt 1
 GUARANTEED OUTY: lOO0 m3/h fi 5OmMO%
AT 1460 rpm

ACTUAL DUTY : 970 m’/h ~49.5 m x 77% lj

FIG. 10A CHARACTERISTICCURVE FOR PUMP OF GUARANTEED DUTV OF 1 000 m3/h

DISCHARGE x 50 m HLAD
Exampte !I: Fig. 10B) AH = I-5 m, AQ- 40
mJ/h
a) Guaranteed duty of pump:
Therefore
Capacity 200 mJ/h
Head 25 m
Speed 1480 rpm
= 25 x 0.04 2 200 x 0 07 ‘L
Efficiency -- +
70% ( 1.5 > ( 40 )
h) Readings when converted to 1 480 I Q.414 4 + 0.122 5
rpm read as follows: = 0.566 9
Capacity Head Power Absorbed E&ciency Hence, the pump characteristic is not
(mg/h) (m) (kW) Percent within acceptable limits.
0 26.5 - d) The duty point ( 200 ms/h, 25 m ) is
connected to ( 0, 0) and the intersec-
50 27 15.5 23.8
tion of this line with the characteris-
100 26.5 16.4 44 tic curve is determined from the
150 25.5 17.3 60 graph which being ( 191 ms/h, 24 m ).
This duty considered as the actual
200 23.5 18.2 70.2
pump duty has an efficiency of 68.5;<.
250 21 19 75.2
e) Permissible lower limit on guaranteed
300 17 19.6 70.9 efficiency is 0.95 x O-7 = 0.665, that is,
66.5%. Since actual pump efficiency
c) Characteristic curve3 Qv/& Qvj,,,?, is 68.5% this is within acceptable
Qvle
P aredrawn from graph (see limits.
 I I I I I I I I I I I 11:
AH = 1.5 m
AQ: 40 mB/h
GUARANTEED DUTY : 200 m’/h I 25 m x 70 % l)
I i AT 1460 rpm
IIIXilllllllll ACTUAL DUTY : 191 mr/h x 24 m I 66.5 7. q

lw 280 300
RATE OF m IN m’lh (Q)

Fxo. 10B CHARACTERISTICCURVEFORPUMPOFGUARANTEED

DUTY
OF200 ms/h DISCIIARGEx 25 m HGAD

(EDC 35)

Printed at blmco Prlntina Prero. Delhi. IndM

 AMENDMENT NO. 2 JANUARY 1984
TO

IS : 9137 - 1978 CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE

TESTS FOR CENTRIFUGAL, MIXED FLOW
AND AXIAL PUMPS - CLASS C
Alterations

( Page 14, clause 6.1.4, first para ) - Substitute the following for the
existing para:

‘ 6.1.4 Nofches, ?I’& and~Flumes -- The details pertaining to methods of

measurement arc given in IS : 6062-1971*, IS : 6063-1971t and IS : 9108-
1979$. ’

( Page 14, foot-note with ‘ * ’ mark ) - Substitute the following for the
existing foot-note:
‘ *Method of measurement of Row of water in open -channels using standing wave
flume-fall.
tMethod of measurement of flow of water in open channels using standing wave
flume-fall.
$Liquid flow measurement in open channels using thin plate weirs. *

(EDC35)

Printed at Simco Printing Press, Delhi, India

 AMENDMENT NO.‘3 MARCH 1989
TO

IS : 9137 - 1978 CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR CENTRIFUGAL,

MIXED FLOW AND AXIAL PUMPS - CLASS C

( Pope 9, cfawe 4.2.1 ) - Substitute the foilow- b) Readings corrected to 555 rpm read as
ing for the existing clause: _ follows:
<‘4.2.1 Contractual Objects of tire Tests --The -Rate of Head Power
tests are intended to ascertain the programme of Flow Absorbed
the pump and to compare this with the manufac-
turer’s guarantee. However, attention is drawn f m31h 1 Cm) ( kw )
to the fact that the NPSH test increase the cost
0 50 - -
of the tat substantially. -It shall, therefore, be
specified by the purchaser in order/contract, if 2 001) 49 562 I7 47.5 ’
KPSH test is to be conducted ( see also Appen: 4 000 47.5 704.37 735
dixD).
6 000 43 83690 84
Where a number of identical pumps are to be
purchased, and if NPSH test is specified in the 8 000 36 881.73 89
cormact, one pump shall be tested as type test, 9 000 32 891*?5 88
for other tests the method of sampling of pumps
as per IS : 10572-1983 ‘Mcth& of sampling cl Characteristic curves Qv’” H, Qvla ?,
pumps’ shall be followed.” Qv’a P arc drawn on graph ( see Fig. IOC ),
( Page 20, ciausc 7.1 ) - Substitute the follow- A H - 2 m, A Q = 600 ma/h
ing for the existing clause:
Therefore:
‘7.1 General - When the contract specifies that
SPSH IeSt shall be conducted to verify whether
KPSH required by the pump is equal to or less
than the specified/guaranteed NPSH, one of the
test methods as specified in 7.1.1 shall be adopted f
to conduct NPSH teat.

In no case shall cavitation test be used to = 0.6 724 + 0.49

chtcb: that the pump shail be free from cavita-
tionai erosion during its service life.’
= I.162 4
( Pay 2-1, claurr 9.2.1. third para after e$cienc_v
tnxziot Ion j - Substitute the foilowing for the Hcncc the pump characteristics is within
cxxting matter: the acceptable limits.
‘If nqp exceeds 20 percent variation, it shall
be necessary to appiv corrections on efficiency as dl The duty point ( 6 600 ms(h. -11 m ) is
gi:.en in 5.3. The stipuiation for H, Q and connected to ( 0,O : snd the intersection
STSH shail remain accordin? to 9.2.1 irrespcc- ot‘ this line with the characteristic curve is
.
tlr-c 01 ngp variations.’ determined which being 6 200 mJ,‘h. 42 m.
This duty considered as the actual pump
- ‘?),“f “6. slausa 9.6 ( ICC i_v Amendment
dut! has an ediciecq ot‘ 32.5 percent.
_\>.‘l : 7 - .idd the following examTies in 9.6:
Z,*;amo;z
_* 3. e ?ermissib!e lower Limit on guaranteed
e,<ciency ( 0.05 x I!.85 ) ~3 0.807 5, that
‘:Vhen pmp fails to meet tL-_ guaranteed is. 80 75 percent. Since actual pump effi-
pc:ver input to rhc pump: ciency is 8-1*5 percecr this is also within
31 Guaranteed duty of)uI~_!x acceptable limits.

Caoaciq 6 COOm3/h f‘ The power input to the pump within the

Tot31 head II 31 range defined in 9.4.1 by the tolerances
c-- +_YQ and *_Ya is 336.9 to 852.4 k\V. As
Speed xz rpm qreed between the manufacturer and the
EiFcienc)- 83 Tercent purchaser the power should not excerd
$3 k\V. Sir.ce the Fewer input within the
Power input to pump at X5.6 kW range exceeds 828 k\V. the pump fails to
duty point meet the power consumption.

Gr 1
 60
z
.

I; LO
w
0
L4.
w" 20

F:c. iOC

Exnmpie 4:

LVhen ?umn :qz& to mee: :ae quxz:ec(: Rc:,_ c_: .2.. . . .

.”

Pcnr
efficiency p&t: F!‘.X .-lLkti;
/ m” h 2-l ( k\l- perccct
a! Guararueca’ DU.Q of Pump 3 !5 - -
‘0 l-i*5 9.88 “0
Capacity 300 ms/h
100 13.3 IO*02 36
Total head 7.3 m 1:o i2.j 10.37 4;
Speed 1 460 rpm 2cf.I 11.5 11.6 54
Efficiency 54 percent 2.50 10.5 11*;2 61
300 3.5 Il.08 58
Power at duty point 1 I.35 1;1\’ 325 6.5 12.8 15

2
 =I Characteristic curve Qv/~ H, QVh q, Qvlr P 8.0 m ). This duty considered as the
are drawn on graph ( see Fig. 1OD ) A H actual pump duty has an efficiency of
= 1.0 m, A Q = 20 mu/h 50 percent.
Ho x X,x
Therefore 4 Permissible lower limit on guaranteed
AH efficiency ( 0.54 x 0.95 ) P 0.513, that is,
7.5 x 0.04 ’+ 300 x 0.07 s 51.3 percent. Since the actual efficiency

-(
= o-09 +
1.0
1 (
i-102 5 = ‘1.192 5
20 is 50 percent the pump fails to meet the
guaranteed efficiency.
.I
.~_
Hence, the pump characteristics is within f, The power input to the pump within the
acceptable limits. range defined in 9.4.X by the tolerance
&X, and fXa is 11.98 kW to 13.35 kW.
4 The duty point ( 300 ma/h, 7.5 m ) is Since the power input as agreed between
connected to ( 0,O ) and the intersection of the manufacturer and the purchaser lies
the line with the characteristic curve is within this range, the power consumption
determined which being ( 317-5 m/h, is within acceptable limits.

-0 50 100 150 200 250 300

RATE OF FLOW IN tn3ib(Q)
A H = 1’0 m JQ =20m’S
Guaranteed Dn:y = 300 ms h x 7’5 x flJ; at 1 460 rpm
Acfual Duty = 317’5 m’jh x 8 m x 50n; at 1 $30 rpm
FIG. iOD CHARACTERISTIC CL.RVE FOR PUMP OF GCARANTEED DUTY OF 500 rns/h
DISCHARGE x 7.5 m HLAD
( EDC z5 1

Printeo at Slmco Printin Press. Delhi. India

 AMENDMENT NO. 4 SEPTEMBER 1989
TO
IS : 9137 - 1978 CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR CENTRIFUGAL
MIXED FLOW AND AXIAL PUMPS - CLASS C
( Pags16,Fig. 3b ) - Substitute ’ Pa > 0 ‘for ‘ PI < 0 ’ and ’ PI < 0 ‘for ’ PI > 0 ‘.

(EDCSS)

Printed at Shco Printing Press; Delhi, India