1) The document provides an overview of English tenses, outlining their typical uses, signal words, and forms for affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences.
2) It describes the simple present, present continuous, simple past, past continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, and past perfect tenses - explaining their uses for repeated actions, facts, planned events, ongoing actions, completed actions with present relevance, and more.
3) Various English verb tenses and their applications in different sentence constructions are defined and exemplified through tables for quick reference.
1) The document provides an overview of English tenses, outlining their typical uses, signal words, and forms for affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences.
2) It describes the simple present, present continuous, simple past, past continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, and past perfect tenses - explaining their uses for repeated actions, facts, planned events, ongoing actions, completed actions with present relevance, and more.
3) Various English verb tenses and their applications in different sentence constructions are defined and exemplified through tables for quick reference.
1) The document provides an overview of English tenses, outlining their typical uses, signal words, and forms for affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences.
2) It describes the simple present, present continuous, simple past, past continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, and past perfect tenses - explaining their uses for repeated actions, facts, planned events, ongoing actions, completed actions with present relevance, and more.
3) Various English verb tenses and their applications in different sentence constructions are defined and exemplified through tables for quick reference.
Words Affirmative Negative Interrogative üRepeated actions. every day, üHow often something frequently, happens. I ……………………………… I ……………………………… ……………………………… ? habitually, üFacts and general You ……….…..…………… You …………..…………… ……………………………… ? occasionally, truths (things in general) He ……………...………….. He ……………..………….. ……………………………… ? sometimes, üAfter the following She …………………………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? Simple always, Infinitive verbs (to love, to hate, to It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? Present often, think, etc.) -He/she/it + s usually, üOne action after the We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? seldom, other. (e.g. tour guide) You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? never, üFuture meaning: They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? rarely, Timetables, first … then… . programmes. I ……………………….……… I ……………………………… ……………………………… ? üActions happening at You ………………….……… You …………..…………… ……………………………… ? the moment of speaking To be He ………………….……….. He ……………..………….. ……………………………… ? now, or around it. Present She ……………….…………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? (am/are/is) + Continuous at the moment, üFuture meaning: when It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? (Progressive) look! you have already Infinitive + listen! decided and arranged to ing. We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? do something (a fixed You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? plan, date…) They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? I ……………………………… I ……………………………… ……………………………… ? last …, üActions that took place Regular: You …………..….………… You …………..…………… ……………………………… ? … ago, at a fixed time in the Infinitive + ed He ……………..….……….. He ……………..………….. ……………………………… ? in 2007, past, mostly connected She …………………………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? Simple Past yesterday, when I was/they with an expression of Irregular: It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? time (no connection to Different forms, We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? were (young…) the present) e.g. went, fell… You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? I ……………………………… I ……………………………… ……………………………… ? üAn ongoing past action You …………...…………… You …………..…………… ……………………………… ? was happening at a He ……………...………….. He ……………..………….. ……………………………… ? Past specific moment of Was/were + She …………………………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? Continuous …… when …. interruption, or two infinitive + It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? (Progressive) …… while …. ongoing actions were ing. happening at the same We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? time. You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? üAn action which has I ……………………………… I ……………………………… ……………………………… ? just, yet, never, happened or finished in You …………..…….……… You …………..…………… ……………………………… ? Present ever, already, so the past but still has a Have/has + He ……………..….……….. He ……………..………….. ……………………………… ? far, up to now / up connection or effect on She …………………………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? Perfect past until now, since, the present. It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? Simple for, before, lately, üAn action which participle. We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? recently… started in the past and You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? continues to the present. They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? üA long/progressive I ……………………………… I ……………………………… ……………………………… ? How long ….. ? action which began in You ………………………… You …………..…………… ……………………………… ? Present Since the past and has just Have/has + He ………………………….. He ……………..………….. ……………………………… ? Perfect for stopped/ finished. She …………………………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? Continuous …………………………… üHow long an action has been+ It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? (Progressive) …………………………… been happening. infinitive+ ing. We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? …………………………… Emphasis: length of time You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? of an action They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? üMostly when two already, actions in a I ……………………….……… I ……………………….……… ……………………………… ? just, story/narrative are You …………..………..…… You …………..………..…… ……………………………… ? ever/never, related to each other; He …………………….…….. He ……………..…….…….. ……………………………… ? Past yet, the action which She ……………….…………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? Had + past Perfect before/after happened first is put into It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? Simple …………………………… the past perfect, the participle. …………………………… second action into the We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? …………………………… simple past. You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? üThe past of the present They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? perfect. I ……………………….……… I ……………………….……… ……………………………… ? How long ….. ? You …………..………..…… You …………..………..…… ……………………………… ? Since üHow long something Had + been + He ……………..…….…….. He ……………..…….…….. ……………………………… ? Past Perfect Continuous for had been happening infinitive + She …………………………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? (Progressive) …………………………… before something else ing. It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? …………………………… happened. We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? …………………………… You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? üPredictions about the I ……………………….……… I ……………………….……… ……………………………… ? future (you think that You …………..………..…… You …………..………..…… ……………………………… ? Tomorrow something will happen) He …………………….…….. He ……………..…….…….. ……………………………… ? Next …………..….….. Future - üYou decide to do will + She …………….……………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? The coming ………… Will …………………………… something infinitive It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? spontaneously at the We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? …………………………… time of speaking. You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? (promising; offering…) They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? üWhen you have I ……………………….……… I ……………………….……… ……………………………… ? decided to do something You …………..………..…… You …………..………..…… ……………………………… ? Tomorrow Be Future – in the future. (planned He ……………..…….…….. He ……………..…….…….. ……………………………… ? Next …………..….….. actions). (am/are/is) She …………………………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? “Be” going The coming ………… to …………………………… üWhen you think that + going to + It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? something will happen. infinitive. We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? …………………………… (Predictions with You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? evidence) They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? I ……………………….……… I ……………………….……… ……………………………… ? …………………………… You …………..………..…… You …………..………..…… ……………………………… ? …………………………… üAn action that will be Will + be + He ……………..…….…….. He ……………..…….…….. ……………………………… ? Future Continuous …………………………… continuous/progressive infinitive + She …………………………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? (Progressive) …………………………… at a certain time in the ing. It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? …………………………… future. We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? I ……………………….……… I ……………………….……… ……………………………… ? By (tomorrow, üSomething will already Future Will + have + You …………..………..…… You …………..………..…… ……………………………… ? next …., ……) have happened before a He ……………..…….…….. He ……………..…….…….. ……………………………… ? Perfect By the end of certain time in the past It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? Simple (next…., ……..) future. participle. We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? This time next …… They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ? üA long/progressive I ……………………….……… I ……………………….……… ……………………………… ? action will have already You …………..………..…… You …………..………..…… ……………………………… ? Future happened before a Will + have + He ……………..…….…….. He ……………..…….…….. ……………………………… ? Perfect certain time in the been + She …………………………. She …………………………. ……………………………… ? Continuous future, or might even infinitive + It ………………..…………… It ………………..…………… ……………………………… ? (Progressive) continue after that time. ing. We …….……………………. We …….……………………. ……………………………… ? Emphasis: length of the You …………………………. You …………………………. ……………………………… ? action. They ………………………… They ………………………… ……………………………… ?