TEST CODE O222OOIO

FORM TP 2006208 MAY/JTINE 2006

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

UNIT 2: AGRICULTURE, ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

PAPER 01

t hour 30 minutes

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY

l. This paper consists of TWELVE questions.

2. Answer ALL questions.

3. write your answers in this answer booklet in the spaces provided.

4. The use of a non-programmable calculator is allowed.

Copyright @ 2004 Caribbean Examinations Council @

All riehts reserved'
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MODULE T

Answer ALL questions.

1. (a) State THREE characteristics of subsistence agricultural systems.

[3 marks]

O) Outline TWO applications of technology that can be used to improve agricultural

productivitY.

[4 marks]

(c) For ANY TWO technological applications used to improve agricultural productivity,
state ONE disadvantage of EACH.

[2 marks]

Total9 marks

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2. Describe TWO ways in which asriculture is important to the econolnies of Caribbean countries.

[6 marks]

Total6 marks

3. The application of genetic engineering to a-griculture has some impacts on the environment. Outline

(a) TWO positive impacts

[4 marks]

(b) ONE negative impact.

[2 marks]

Total6 marks

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4. Describe THREE f'eatures of sustainable agriculture.

Total9 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXI' PACE

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MODULE 2

Answer ALL questions.

5. (a) Distinguish between

(i) 'energy'and 'power'

[2 marks]

(ii) 'renewable source of energy'and'non-renewable source of energy'.

[2 marks]

(b) Explain why energy conversion processes have low efficiencies.

[3 marks]

Total7 marks

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(a) Figure I is a schematic diagram for the generation of electricity.

generator

condenser

Figure 1. A schematic diagram for the generation of electricity

Refer to Figure I and outline the process or processes occuring at EACH of the stages
labelled (i), (ii) and (iii).

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

[3 marks]

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(b) Describe ONE way in which an electricity generating company may handle the demand
for electricity, when the demand exceeds its generating capacity.

[4 marksl

Total T marks

7. Certain environmental costs are associated with the use of fossil fuels to generate electricity.
Outline

(a) TWO ecological costs

[6 marks]

(b) ONE social cost.

[3 marks]

Total9 marks
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8. (a) Outline the relationship between energy use and _elobal warming.

[4 marks]

(b) Identify ONE environmental irnpact of global warming that is of particular crlncern to ALL
Caribbean countries.

[1 mark ]

(c) State the MOST f'easible solution tbr addressing the concern iclentil'ied in (b) above.

[2 marks]

Total T marks

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MODULE 3

Answer ALL questions.

9. Explain how EACH of the following characteristics of a pollutant influences its environmental impact:

(a) Persistence

[3 marks]

(b) Mobility

[3 marks]

Total6 marks

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10. Figure 2 shows an incomplete intended pathway of a pesticide when it is sprayed aerially.

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\ /
spravmg
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Figure 2. Pathway of pesticide when sprayed aerially

Complete Figure 2 by inserting arrows to indicatc- TWO possible pathways by which the pesticide may
enter EACH of the entities below. Identifv: the processes occuning along EACH pathway that you
indicated.

(a) Oceans [4 marks]

(b) Humans [4 marks]

Total8 marks

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ll. (a) Define the term 'secondary air pollution'.

[2 marks]

(b) Outline the formation of ONE secondary air pollutant.

[4 marks]

(c) Describe the environmental impact of the air pollutant identified in (b) above.

[3 marks]

Total9 marks

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12. Explain the role of EACH of the following in controlling pollution:

(a) Legislation

[4 marks]
(b) Incentive

[3 marks]
Total7 marks

END OF TEST

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