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Jimmie Rodgers (Country Singer)
Jimmie Rodgers (Country Singer)
Beginning
Rodgers' affinity for entertaining came at an early age, and the lure of
the road was irresistible to him. By age 13, he had twice organized
and begun traveling shows, only to be brought home by his father.
His father found Rodgers his first job working on the railroad, as a
water boy. Here he was further taught to pick and strum by rail
Marker in Meridian, Mississippi
workers and hobos. As a water boy, he would have been exposed to
the work chants of the African-American railroad workers, known as
gandy dancers.[4][5] A few years later, he became a brakeman on the
New Orleans and Northeastern Railroad, a position formerly held by
his oldest brother, Walter, who had been promoted to conductor on the 0:00 / 0:00
line running between Meridian and New Orleans.
CaliforniaBlues(BlueYodelNo.4)
In 1924 at age 27, Rodgers was diagnosed with tuberculosis. The
disease temporarily ended his railroad career, but at the same time
gave him the chance to get back into the entertainment industry. He organized a traveling road show and
performed across the southeastern United States until he was forced home after a cyclone destroyed his tent.
He returned to railroad work as a brakeman in Miami, Florida, but eventually his illness cost him his job. He
relocated to Tucson, Arizona, and was employed as a switchman by the Southern Pacific Railroad. He kept
the job for less than a year, and the Rodgers family (which by then included wife Carrie and daughter Anita)
settled back in Meridian in early 1927.
Success
Rodgers decided to travel to Asheville, North Carolina, later that same year. On April 18, 1927, at 9:30 pm,
Jimmie, and Otis Kuykendall performed for the first time on WWNC, Asheville's first radio station. A few
months later, Rodgers recruited a group from Bristol, Tennessee, called the Tenneva Ramblers, and secured a
weekly slot on the station as "The Jimmie Rodgers Entertainers".
In late July 1927, Rodgers' bandmates learned that Ralph Peer, a representative of the Victor Talking Machine
Company, was coming to Bristol to hold an audition for local musicians, later to become known as the Bristol
sessions. Rodgers and the group arrived in Bristol on August 3, 1927, and auditioned for Peer in an empty
warehouse. Peer agreed to record them the next day. As the band discussed how they would be billed on the
record, an argument ensued, the band dissolved, and Rodgers arrived at the recording session the next morning
alone, or, as later stated in an on-camera interview[6] with Claude Grant of the Tenneva Ramblers. Rodgers
had taken some guitars on consignment from music shops and sold them, but never paid the stores back. The
band broke up in disagreement over it. On Wednesday, August 4, Jimmie Rodgers completed his first session
for Victor in Bristol. It lasted from 2:00 pm to 4:20 pm and yielded two songs:
"The Soldier's Sweetheart" and "Sleep, Baby, Sleep". For the test recordings,
Rodgers received $100.
Over the next few years, Rodgers stayed very busy. He did a movie BobWillsBlueYodelNo1
short for Columbia Pictures, The Singing Brakeman, which today
appears on the DVD and VHS compilation "Times Ain't Like They
Used To Be: Early Rural & Popular Music From Rare Original Film
Masters 1928–35" [12] and on YouTube, and made various recordings 0:00 / 0:00
across the country. He performed on a bill with humorist Will Rogers
as part of a Red Cross tour across the Midwest.
Boyhood Dreams
On July 16, 1930, he recorded "Blue Yodel No. 9" with Louis
Armstrong on trumpet and Armstrong's wife Lil on piano.[13] A song
written by Clayton McMichen and recorded as "Prohibition Has Done Me Wrong" was not issued, possibly
because of copyright conflicts with Columbia, though to Juanita McMichen Lynch, Peer felt it was "too
controversial for the times." The master was put aside and subsequently lost.
Later years
With the country in the grip of the Great Depression, the expense of making
field recordings resulted in the practice quickly fading. So, in May 1933,
Rodgers traveled again to New York City for a group of sessions beginning
May 17. He started these recordings alone and completed four songs on the
first day. When he returned to the studio after a day's rest he had to record
Rodgers in 1930
sitting down, and soon retired to his hotel in hopes of regaining enough
energy to finish the songs he had been rehearsing. The recording engineer
hired two session musicians to help Rodgers when he returned a few days later. Together they recorded a few
songs, including "Mississippi Delta Blues". For his last recording of the session Rodgers chose to perform
alone, and as a matching bookend to his career recorded "Years Ago".
During this final recording session Rodgers was so weakened from years of fighting tuberculosis that he had a
nurse accompanying him on May 24, and needed to rest on a cot between songs.[1][14] He died of tuberculosis
in a New York hotel two days later. His body was placed in a train in a pearl grey coffin and sent back to his
home in Meridian, Mississippi. He was buried in Oak Grove Cemetery in Meridian.[15]
Jimmie Rodgers made a surprise comeback in 1955 when country star Hank Snow, his band The Rainbow
Ranch Boys, and guitarist Chet Atkins recorded new instrumental backings to Rodgers's old solo
performances. These were issued by RCA Victor and credited to "Jimmie Rodgers and the Rainbow Ranch
Boys."
Personal life
Rodgers married Carrie Cecil Williamson (1902–1961).[16] The couple had two daughters, Carrie Anita
Rodgers (1921–1993)[17] (known as Anita),[18] and June Rebecca Rodgers, who died at 6 months in
1923.[19] Earnings from his recordings at the peak of his career enabled Rodgers to build his "dreamhouse" for
his family in Kerrville, Texas, a location chosen partly for health reasons.[18]
Always a man of the people, Rodgers maintained friendships with his old pals and band mates throughout his
short life and was noted for his charming, upbeat personality. While on tour, Rodgers became legendary for his
generosity to strangers, his habit of giving free impromptu performances, and for his willingness to socialize
with his fans.
Rodgers was a guest at the Taft Hotel in New York City in May 1933 while working on several days of studio
recordings. After completing them he died there on May 26, 1933 from a pulmonary hemorrhage[1] brought
on by tuberculosis. He was 35 years old.[5] At that time he accounted for fully 10% of RCA Victor's sales[5] in
a drastically depressed record market.
Legacy
When the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum was established
in 1961, Rodgers was enshrined alongside music publisher and
songwriter Fred Rose and iconic singer-songwriter Hank Williams.
Rodgers was elected to the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1970 and, as
an early influence, to the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 1986. "Blue
Yodel No. 9" was selected as one of The Rock and Roll Hall of
Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll. Rodgers was ranked
No. 33 on CMT's 40 Greatest Men of Country Music in 2003.
Rodgers' "Blue Yodel No. 1 (T for Texas)" was covered by Lynyrd Skynyrd on its live album One More from
the Road. Lead singer Ronnie Van Zant was quoted at a July 13, 1977 concert in Asbury Park, New Jersey as
saying that the band had "always been interested in old country music" like Jimmie Rodgers and Merle
Haggard before launching into playing "T For Texas".[21] Lynyrd Skynyrd has also named both Haggard and
Rodgers in their song "Railroad Song" ("I'm going to ride this train, Lord, until I find out, what Jimmie
Rodgers and The Hag was all about"). Tompall Glaser also covered the song on country music's first million-
selling album, Wanted! The Outlaws.
Rodgers' finger picking technique and vocal arrangements had a major influence to a young John Fahey. His
reaction to hearing "Blue Yodel No. 7" inspired him to become a guitar player. "It reach out and grabbed me
and it has never let go of me." [22]
In 1997 Bob Dylan put together a tribute compilation of major artists covering Rodgers' songs, The Songs of
Jimmie Rodgers, A Tribute (Sony – ASIN B000002BLD (https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000002BLD)). The
artists included Bono, Alison Krauss & Union Station, Jerry Garcia, Dickey Betts, Dwight Yoakam, Aaron
Neville, John Mellencamp, Willie Nelson and others.[23] Dylan had earlier remarked, "The songs were
different than the norm. They had more of an individual nature and an elevated conscience... I was drawn to
their power."[24]
Fellow Meridian, Mississippi, native Steve Forbert's tribute album to Jimmie Rodgers, Any Old Time, was
nominated for a 2004 Grammy Award in the best traditional folk category.
On May 24, 1978, the United States Postal Service issued a 13-cent commemorative stamp honoring Rodgers,
the first in its long-running Performing Arts Series. The stamp was designed by Jim Sharpe, and depicted
Rogers with brakeman's outfit and guitar, standing in front of a locomotive giving his famous "two thumbs up"
gesture.
Not just a country artist, Rodgers was one of the biggest stars of American music between 1927 and 1933,
arguably doing more to popularize blues than any other performer of his time.[23] The 2009 book Meeting
Jimmie Rodgers: How America's Original Roots Music Hero Changed the Pop Sounds of a Century tracks
Rodgers influence through a broad range of musical genres. He was influential to Ozark poet Frank Stanford,
who composed a series of "blue yodel" poems, and a number of later blues artists, including Muddy Waters,
Big Bill Broonzy,[25] and Howlin' Wolf (Chester Arthur Burnett). Rodgers was Burnett's childhood idol.
When he tried to emulate Rodgers's yodel his efforts sounded more like a growl or a howl. "I couldn't do no
yodelin'," Barry Gifford quoted him as saying in Rolling Stone, "so I turned to howlin'. And it's done me just
fine."[26]
Rodgers' influence can also be heard in artists including blues musician Tommy Johnson, the Mississippi
Sheiks, and Mississippi John Hurt, whose "Let the Mermaids Flirt With Me" is based on Rodgers' hit "Waiting
for a Train". Elvis Presley was also quoted as mentioning Rodgers as an important influence, stating he was a
big fan.[27] Jerry Lee Lewis listed Rodgers as a major stylist and covered several of his songs. Moon Mullican,
Tommy Duncan and many other western swing singers also were influenced by Rogers. Gene Autry's earlier
material largely copied Rodgers' blues records, & also included covers of his songs, for example "Jimmie the
kid". Johnny Cash (who said the first record he ever heard was Jimmie Rodgers, and covered Rodgers' "In
The Jailhouse Now") tried for to emulate Rodgers' signature yodel on a duet of "Hey, Porter" with Marty
Stuart on his 1982 album Busy Bee Cafe with Earl Scruggs on banjo. Cash admitted that he can't yodel "like
Jimmie Rodgers used to."
The 1982 film Honkytonk Man, directed by and starring Clint Eastwood, was loosely based on Rodgers' life.
In the book, Faking It: The Quest for Authenticity in Popular Music, the song "T.B. Blues" is presented as one
of the first truly autobiographical songs.
On May 28, 2010, Slim Bryant, the last surviving singer to have made a recording with Rodgers, died at the
age of 101. The pair recorded Bryant's song "Mother, the Queen of My Heart" in 1932. The Union, a
collaborative album between Elton John and Leon Russell, featured a song entitled "Jimmie Rodgers' Dream".
On May 3, 2007, Rodgers was honored with a marker on the Mississippi Blues Trail in his hometown of
Meridian, the first outside of the Mississippi Delta.[28] In May 2010 a marker on the Mississippi Country
Music Trail was erected near Rodgers' gravesite.
Recordings
References
1. "Jimmie Rodgers Biography" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130218030726/http://www.songwr
itershalloffame.org/exhibits/C276). Songwriters Hall of Fame. Archived from the original (http://
www.songwritershalloffame.org/exhibits/C276) on February 18, 2013. Retrieved October 31,
2012.
2. Petition for Membership (dated: October 20, 1930), Bluebonnet Lodge No. 1219, San Antonio,
Texas; and Interview (6/2006) with James A. Skelton, Pres. of the Jimmie Rodgers Memorial
Foundation, Meridian, Mississippi.
3. "Jimmie Rodgers Genealogy Records" (https://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/jimmie-ro
dgers_158871105). Ancestry.com.
4. "In the Country of Country" (https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/d/dawidoff-country.html). The
New York Times. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
5. Petrusich, Amanda (February 16, 2017). "Recordings of Kenya's Kipsigis Tribe" (https://www.n
ewyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/the-magnificent-cross-cultural-recordings-of-kenyas-kip
sigis-tribe). The New Yorker. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
6. "Interview BL-16 to 19" (https://www.etsu.edu/cass/Archives/Collections/afindaid/a111.html).
ETSU.edu. Interviewed by Claude Grant.
7. Chadbourne, Eugene. "Elsie McWilliams" (http://www.allmusic.com/artist/elsie-mcwilliams-mn0
000796717). All Music. Retrieved January 10, 2016.
8. "Country Songwriter Elsie McWilliams" (http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1986-01-01/news/86
01010015_1_country-music-hall-songwriters-hall-meridian). Chicago Tribune. January 1, 1986.
Retrieved January 10, 2016.
9. Wade, Howard Mitchell (July 1, 2012). "Jimmie Rodgers: The Life and Times of America's Blue
Yodeler" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130131101837/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-27
76644861.html). Journal of American Folklore. Archived from the original (https://www.highbea
m.com/doc/1P3-2776644861.html) on January 31, 2013. Retrieved January 10, 2016 – via
HighBeam Research.
10. Mazor, Barry (2009). Meeting Jimmie Rodgers: How America's Original Roots Music Hero
Changed the Pop Sounds of a Century (https://archive.org/details/meetingjimmierod00mazo).
Oxford University Press. pp. 305 (https://archive.org/details/meetingjimmierod00mazo/page/30
5). ISBN 9780199716661.
11. "USA " Mademoiselle Montana's Yodel Heaven" (http://mademoisellemontana.wordpress.com/
category/usa/). Mademoisellemontana.wordpress.com. Retrieved December 31, 2011.
12. "Early Rural & Popular Music From Rare Original Film Masters 1928–35" (https://web.archive.o
rg/web/20120128115712/http://www.yazoorecords.com/512.htm). Yazoo Records. Archived
from the original (http://www.yazoorecords.com/512.htm) on January 28, 2012. Retrieved
May 20, 2012.
13. "Jimmie Rodgers & Louis Armstrong: Blue Yodel No. 9" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110415
011245/http://www.jazz.com/music/2008/7/8/jimmie-rodgers-louis-armstrong). jazz.com.
Archived from the original (http://www.jazz.com/music/2008/7/8/jimmie-rodgers-louis-armstron
g) on April 15, 2011. Retrieved April 9, 2012.
14. "Jimmie Rodgers: The Father of Country Music" (https://web.archive.org/web/2010100716164
3/http://mshistory.k12.ms.us/articles/39/jimmie-rodgers-the-father-of-country-music). Mississippi
History Now. May 26, 1933. Archived from the original (http://mshistory.k12.ms.us/articles/39/ji
mmie-rodgers-the-father-of-country-music) on October 7, 2010. Retrieved August 20, 2010 – via
mshistory.k12.ms.us.
15. PBS America: part 1 Rub, by Ken Burns
16. "Carrie Cecil Williamson Rodgers" (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18090731/carrie-cec
il-rodgers). FindAGrave.com. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
17. "Carrie Anita Rodgers Court" (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18090637/carrie-anita-cou
rt). FindAGrave.com. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
18. Martin, Leroy (December 8, 2015). "Mrs. Jimmie Rodgers, Epilogue" (http://www.tlgnewspaper.
com/mrs-jimmie-rodgers-epilogue). The Lafourche Gazette. Larose, Louisiana. Retrieved
July 18, 2019.
19. "June Rebecca Rodgers" (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/18090241/june-rebecca-rodg
ers). FindAGrave.com. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
20. "In A Kenyan Village, A 65-Year-Old Recording Comes Home" (https://www.npr.org/2015/06/2
8/417462792/in-a-kenyan-village-a-65-year-old-recording-comes-home). NPR.org. Retrieved
June 28, 2015.
21. "Lynyrd Skynyrd-T For Texas-1977" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=08oiras-irA). YouTube.
November 17, 2007. Retrieved April 10, 2012.
22. Lowenthal, Steve. Dance of death : the life of John Fahey, American guitarist. Chicago, Illinois.
ISBN 9781613745205. OCLC 879576380 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/879576380).
23. Barretta, Scott (August 29, 2008). "Jimmie Rodgers – This Week on Highway 61" (http://www.hi
ghway61radio.com/?p=275). highway61radio.com. Retrieved November 16, 2008.
24. Du Noyer, Paul (2003). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music (1st ed.). Fulham, London: Flame
Tree Publishing. p. 186. ISBN 1-904041-96-5.
25. Fry, Robbie. " "Big Bill" Broonzy" (http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-d
etail.aspx?entryID=2489). Encyclopediaofarkansas.net. Retrieved November 4, 2008.
26. Taylor, B. Kimberly. "Howlin' Wolf Biography" (http://www.musicianguide.com/biographies/1608
000661/Howlin-Wolf.html). Musician Guide. Retrieved November 4, 2008.
27. Matthew-Walker 1979, p. 3
28. Brown, Ida. "Meridian Star – Jimmie Rodgers honored with Blues Trail Marker" (https://archive.t
oday/20120904150215/http://www.meridianstar.com/local/local_story_123235658.html).
Meridianstar.com. Archived from the original (http://www.meridianstar.com/local/local_story_12
3235658.html) on September 4, 2012. Retrieved May 29, 2008.
29. "2013 Blues Hall of Fame Inductees Announced" (https://www.blues.org/#ref=index). Blues.org.
Retrieved March 6, 2013.
Bibliography
Porterfield, Nolan (2007). Jimmie Rodgers: The Life and Times of America's Blue Yodeler.
Jackson: University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 0-252-06268-X
Porterfield, Nolan (1998). "Jimmie Rodgers". The Encyclopedia of Country Music. Paul
Kinsgbury, Editor. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 453–455. ISBN 0-19-511671-2.
Wolfe, Charles K., and Ted Olson (2005). The Bristol Sessions: Writings About the Big Bang of
Country Music. McFarland & Co., Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-1945-6.
Mazor, Barry (2009). Meeting Jimmie Rodgers: How America's Original Roots Music Hero
Changed the Pop Sounds of a Century. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-
532762-5.
External links
Official website (http://www.jimmierodgers.com/)
Nashville Songwriters Foundation (https://web.archive.org/web/20060907031443/http://www.n
ashvillesongwritersfoundation.com/fame/rodgers.html)
Hall of Fame inductee (http://rockhall.com/inductees/jimmie-rodgers/)
Neal, Jocelyn R. The Songs of Jimmie Rodgers (http://www.iupress.indiana.edu/catalog/produc
t_info.php?products_id=96228). Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2009.
Jimmie Rodgers (https://www.discogs.com/artist/Jimmie+Rodgers) discography at Discogs
Mazor, Barry. Meeting Jimmie Rodgers. [1] (https://web.archive.org/web/20110629180411/htt
p://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Music/PopularMusic/PopRockPopularCulture/?vie
w=usa&ci=9780195327625) New York., Oxford University Press, 2009.
Waiting For A Train (http://www.waitingforatrain.com). A stage musical celebrating the life and
times of Jimmie Rodgers, by Doug Pote.
Jimmie Rodgers (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/890) at Find a Grave
Jimmie Rodgers recordings (https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/names/105649) at the Discography of
American Historical Recordings.
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