WATER HAMMER PRESSURE/ SURGE PRESSURE CALC

Ratio of elastic modulus of water 0.09

to that of pipe material, Khs
Gravitational constant, g (ft/s) 32.2
Fluid flow rate, (ft /s)
3
1.114
Specific Gravity of fluid 1
Internal pipe diameter (in) 16

6.56
Actual flowing velocity, vw (ft/s)

0.251968
Pipe wall thickness (in)
Ratio of internal pipe diameter
(I.D) to pipe wall thickness, Br 63.5002

Length of pipe before valve, L (ft) 328

Velocity of propagation of elastic vibration in the discharge pipe, a w (ft)
Maximum pressure developed by hydraulic shock, hwh (ft of liquid)
Time interval required for the pressure wave to travel back & forth in the pipe, t s (sec)

You add the hwh to the existing pressure from the system to determine the Total Pressure on the pipe system

Pipe distance before valve (ft) aw (ft/s) ts (sec) hwh (ft of liquid) hwh (psi)
0 1798.301 0 366.361886122272 158.5982
100 1798.301 0.111216 366.361886122272 158.5982
200 1798.301 0.222432 366.361886122272 158.5982
300 1798.301 0.333648 366.361886122272 158.5982
400 1798.301 0.444864 366.361886122272 158.5982 Notes:
500 1798.301 0.556081 366.361886122272 158.5982 1. The pipe distance can
600 1798.301 0.667297 366.361886122272 158.5982 2. When the time of abr
700 1798.301 0.778513 366.361886122272 158.5982 pressure hwh, will be ex
800 1798.301 0.889729 366.361886122272 158.5982
900 1798.301 1.000945 366.361886122272 158.5982 Reference:
1000 1798.301 1.112161 366.361886122272 158.5982 1. Applied Process Des
1100 1798.301 1.223377 366.361886122272 158.5982
1200 1798.301 1.334593 366.361886122272 158.5982 Equations:
1300 1798.301 1.445809 366.361886122272 158.5982 aw = {(4660)/
1400 1798.301 1.557025 366.361886122272 158.5982
1500 1798.301 1.668242 366.361886122272 158.5982 hwh = (aw x v
1600 1798.301 1.779458 366.361886122272 158.5982
1700 1798.301 1.890674 366.361886122272 158.5982 ts = (2L/aw) secs
1800 1798.301 2.00189 366.361886122272 158.5982
1900 1798.301 2.113106 366.361886122272 158.5982
2000 1798.301 2.224322 366.361886122272 158.5982
RGE PRESSURE CALCULATION (Developed by Engr. Abiodun Asade)
Some typical Khs values for water/metal (Source: Pump Engineering data, Economy Pumps,
Inc, 1951, Philadephia, Pa)
Metal Khs
Copper 0.017
Steel 0.01
Brass 0.017

Wrought Iron 0.012

Malleable cast iron 0.012

Aluminum 0.03

psi
Normal pressure upstream of
133
valve
hwh 158.5982
291.5982
Maximum shock pressure
upstream of valve

1. The pipe distance can be increased to suit your pipe length

2. When the time of abrupt closure of a device that stop the fluid flow is shorter than ts, then the maximum
pressure hwh, will be exerted on the closed device and line.

Reference:
1. Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrolchemical Plants, Vol. 1, Third Edition by Ernest E. Ludwig

Equations:
aw = {(4660)/√(1 + KhsBr)} ft/s

hwh = (aw x vw)/ g ft of liquid(H2O)

ts = (2L/aw) secs